WO2005019539A1 - Dispositif de chainage pour elements de voute et voute ainsi obtenue - Google Patents
Dispositif de chainage pour elements de voute et voute ainsi obtenue Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005019539A1 WO2005019539A1 PCT/FR2004/001992 FR2004001992W WO2005019539A1 WO 2005019539 A1 WO2005019539 A1 WO 2005019539A1 FR 2004001992 W FR2004001992 W FR 2004001992W WO 2005019539 A1 WO2005019539 A1 WO 2005019539A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- arch
- elements
- chaining
- vault
- core
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001084 poly(chloroprene) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
- E02D29/05—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them at least part of the cross-section being constructed in an open excavation or from the ground surface, e.g. assembled in a trench
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
- E21D11/083—Methods or devices for joining adjacent concrete segments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a chaining device for prefabricated vault elements which are commonly used for the production of civil engineering works of the backfilled vault type, for example in certain tunnels.
- a conventional method for producing works of this type is to support mutually prefabricated arched arch elements, each of them forming a part of the arch section, so as to obtain a complete section and then to combine the sections thus obtained over the entire length of the structure.
- the structure thus obtained is then backfilled.
- each of the two lateral arch elements is secured at one of its ends to a sole while its other end receives one of the ends of a central arch element.
- Each of the mutual supports between arch elements constitutes a joint.
- a longitudinal horizontal force may arise, due for example to a variable embankment thickness over the length of the structure or to a structure made on a slope. This effort can lead to a dislocation of the structure.
- one solution consists in making a longitudinal chaining of the arch elements by pouring one or two concrete beams along the length of the structure.
- any rotation of the vault around its longitudinal axis or around its transverse axis is prohibited.
- the casting of two longitudinal beams along the structure has the advantage of allowing the rotation of the longitudinal axis.
- the transverse axis rotation and vertical movement are prohibited.
- the object of the invention is in particular to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks.
- the invention provides a chaining device of the type defined below, which comprises at least one chaining element formed of a longitudinal core made of a resistant material and of which a part of the surface is covered by at least a deformable element made of a ductile material and with high friction capacity, and arranged to be inserted longitudinally between respective lips of at least two arch elements in mutual support, and in that the longitudinal core extends over at least the length of one of the lips and comprises means for fixing to the core of at least one adjacent chaining element in order to achieve chaining over the entire length of the arch.
- the principle of the invention is, on the one hand to use the friction present in the joints to create a force capable of balancing a longitudinal horizontal force and on the other hand, to allow at the level of the joints the only movements useful for the adaptation of the structure to the outside environment.
- the chaining thus obtained presents great ease of implementation, in particular because it does not involve pouring concrete over the entire length of the structure.
- the core of the chaining element is preferably made of a metallic material, in particular steel, so as to have good rigidity.
- the fixing means comprise welding means thus making it possible to ensure the continuity of the chaining over the entire length of the vault by a simple operation.
- the fastening means are capable of being spliced, which constitutes another simple means of producing a resistant chaining.
- the deformable elements comprise, in a preferred embodiment, two sheets between which the longitudinal core is interposed. Each of the sheets comes into contact with the lip of an arch element and induces friction between the chaining element and the arch elements.
- the longitudinal core of the chaining element is, in an advantageous configuration, a profile having a cross section of chosen shape, for example in T or in L, having a branch of which a part of the surface is covered by one or more elements deformable and at least one branch projecting towards the outside of the vault, in order to facilitate the fixing of the longitudinal core to the adjacent core.
- the deformable elements are secured to the longitudinal core of the chaining element, for example by gluing.
- the deformable elements are preferably formed from a material chosen from elastomeric materials, for example rubber, which are easily deformable, resistant and easy to install.
- the longitudinal core of the chaining element comprises at least one centering member capable of engaging in respective housings arranged in the lips facing each other to ensure temporary centering of the arch elements.
- the centering member preferably has substantially the shape of two inverted truncated cones extending respectively on either side of the longitudinal core.
- the deformable elements cover only part of the surface of the longitudinal core so as to provide housings capable of receiving a grout of a resistant material, for example a cement grout, in order to consolidate the vault and provide fire protection.
- a grout of a resistant material for example a cement grout
- the invention also provides a vault composed of vault elements and at least one chaining device according to the invention.
- the arch elements have an upper face which, in the vicinity of the lip, has a recess to accommodate the branch left free of a T or L profile.
- FIG. 1 is a general perspective view of a vault section according to the invention
- FIG. 2 is a front view of the arch section of FIG. 1,
- FIG. 3 is a general top view of a vault according to the invention
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of detail IV of Figures 2 and 3
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the forces involved at the level of the support between the arch elements of FIG. 2,
- FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of detail VI of FIG. 3,
- FIG. 7 is a cross section of a chaining element according to the invention.
- FIG. 8 is a cross section of a chaining element according to the invention in another embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a perspective view of fixing means according to the invention.
- FIG. 10 is a perspective view of fixing means according to the invention in another embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of fixing means according to the invention in another embodiment
- - Figure 12 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the support between the roof elements according to the invention in another embodiment
- - Figure 13 is a cross section of a chaining element according to the invention in an advantageous configuration
- FIG. 14 is a cross section of a chaining element according to the invention in another advantageous configuration
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a vault according to the invention.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a vault according to the completed invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view of a vault according to the invention in a configuration different from that of FIG. 1.
- a civil engineering structure of the backfill type is considered, for example a tunnel.
- a section of vault according to the invention ( Figures 1, 2 and 3) is conventionally constituted by two arched elements 1 and 3, prefabricated in concrete, placed in mutual support, each of them resting on the other hand on footings 5 and 7 in concrete previously poured.
- vault sections are arranged along the entire length of the structure (figure 3). Once the vault is obtained, the structure is backfilled by means of an embankment R ( Figure 16).
- a chaining element 9 (FIG. 4), of length substantially equal to the length of the arch section, constituting the chaining device according to the invention is interposed between the elements of vault 1 and 3. It happens, in many configurations of the structure, that the forces applying to a section of vault do not balance. In particular, when the structure is made on a slope or when the embankment thickness R varies over the length of the structure, it results at the level of the support between the arch elements a horizontal longitudinal force Fm (FIG. 5) . If this force Fm is not compensated, the static equilibrium of the arch section cannot be achieved. In some cases, this imbalance leads to a dislocation of the structure.
- the invention consists in using the transverse horizontal forces N, due in particular to the thrust of the embankment R on the roof, by creating friction in the support between the roof elements 1 and 3.
- the friction associated with the transverse forces N generates a horizontal longitudinal force Fr capable of balancing Fm.
- a first arrangement of the chaining element 9 according to the invention is therefore to create friction at the level of the support between the arch elements 1 and 3.
- the arch section must be able to deform within reasonable limits.
- chamfers 61 and a gap e formed between the edge of the sole 5 and the arch element 1, allow certain movements, in particular a rotation with a longitudinal axis.
- the connection between the sole 5 and the element 1 is therefore called articulation.
- a first embodiment (FIG. 7) of the chaining element 9 of the chaining device according to the invention comprises a metal core 75 produced by means of a profile in the general shape of an inverted L. On the two faces of the largest branch of the metal core 75 are arranged, glued, two deformable sheets 71 and 73, the other branch being left free.
- a second embodiment ( Figure 8) provides that the metal core 77 can be formed by means of a profile in the general shape of T.
- the deformable sheets 71 and 73 allow the rotation of the transverse axis and the vertical translation since they are deformable.
- a material of the elastomer type such as rubber or neoprene is thus preferably used.
- a first configuration uses metal splices 90 to connect the metal cores 75.
- a metal plate 91 is arranged astride the upper faces of two metal cores 75. The metal plate 91 is either screwed to each of the cores metallic 75 by means of screws 93 (FIG. 9) or welded (FIG. 10) by means of weld beads 94.
- a centering device 110 (FIG. 12).
- Two centering elements 113 and 115 fit at their bases on either side of the metal core 75, then provided with adequate drilling, thanks to a male / female device not shown.
- Centering housings 111 are formed in the lips 41 and 43 of the arch elements 1 and 3.
- the centering device 110 is deliberately provided with little resistance. On the one hand, its centering function is temporary, on the other hand, the centering device 110 must not prevent movements at the level of the articulation between the arch elements 1 and 3.
- an improvement in the chaining element 9 provides for the provision of cavities 150, 160 into which it is possible to inject a grout of an appropriate material, for example based on cement ( Figures 13 and 14). .
- FIG. 15 Once the vault has been put in place (Figure 15) by placing the vault elements vis-à-vis by interposing the chaining element 9 and all the chaining elements 9 connected by welding or by means of splints seal the vault before backfilling.
- a sealing sheet (181) is conventionally placed over the entire upper surface of the vault (FIG. 16) or at least over the joints. It is therefore necessary that the chaining elements 9 do not protrude from the upper face of the vault.
- a knockout 117 is therefore practiced (FIG. 12) on the upper face of the arch elements 1 and 3 near the lips 41 and 43.
- the chaining device according to the invention has been described above in the case of tri-articulated arches. It can be transferred as is in the case of bi-articulated vaults. Likewise, a configuration has been described in which the arch elements 1 and 3 are arranged opposite. In the case ( Figure 17) where the arch elements 1 and 3 are staggered, that is to say that each arch element 1 is supported with two other 3 and 11, the chaining device according to invention can also be used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2004266277A AU2004266277B2 (en) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-07-26 | Tie device for arch elements and arch thus obtained |
JP2006522367A JP4680192B2 (ja) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-07-26 | アーチ形要素を連結する連結装置、およびこれにより製造されるアーチ形構造 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0309701 | 2003-08-06 | ||
FR0309701A FR2858640B1 (fr) | 2003-08-06 | 2003-08-06 | Dispositif de chainage pour elements de voute et voute ainsi obtenue |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005019539A1 true WO2005019539A1 (fr) | 2005-03-03 |
Family
ID=34073060
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2004/001992 WO2005019539A1 (fr) | 2003-08-06 | 2004-07-26 | Dispositif de chainage pour elements de voute et voute ainsi obtenue |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4680192B2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2312270B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2858640B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005019539A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB882773A (en) * | 1958-03-17 | 1961-11-22 | Aluminium Ind Ag | An improved hut or shelter |
DE3106023A1 (de) * | 1981-02-19 | 1982-10-14 | Felix 4446 Hörstel Heescher | "verfahren zur herstellung von als bauelemente dienenden stegplatten" |
FR2723116A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-02-02 | Prefac Sa | Conduit souterrain |
US5935695A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1999-08-10 | Emseal Corporation | Joint filler |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB556698A (en) * | 1942-05-23 | 1943-10-18 | Kalman Hajnal Konyi | Improvements in reinforced concrete construction for tunnels, mine roadways and the like and in the production thereof |
JPS583918Y2 (ja) * | 1978-07-11 | 1983-01-22 | 西武ポリマ化成株式会社 | セグメントの可撓継手 |
DE3731186A1 (de) * | 1987-09-17 | 1989-04-06 | Phoenix Ag | Gelenkplatte |
JP2780894B2 (ja) * | 1992-07-29 | 1998-07-30 | 石川島建材工業株式会社 | セグメントの継手構造 |
FR2781828B1 (fr) * | 1998-07-29 | 2000-09-22 | Freyssinet Int Stup | Procede de realisation d'une voute, piece d'appui et demi-coquille pour la realisation de la voute |
JP2001227287A (ja) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-24 | Nippon Concrete Ind Co Ltd | トンネル補修用のコンクリート板およびトンネル補修方法 |
JP4316098B2 (ja) * | 2000-03-31 | 2009-08-19 | 石川島建材工業株式会社 | セグメントの接合構造 |
JP2001295593A (ja) * | 2000-04-18 | 2001-10-26 | Kajima Corp | トンネル覆工用セグメント |
-
2003
- 2003-08-06 FR FR0309701A patent/FR2858640B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-07-26 ES ES200650006A patent/ES2312270B1/es not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-07-26 WO PCT/FR2004/001992 patent/WO2005019539A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2004-07-26 JP JP2006522367A patent/JP4680192B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB882773A (en) * | 1958-03-17 | 1961-11-22 | Aluminium Ind Ag | An improved hut or shelter |
DE3106023A1 (de) * | 1981-02-19 | 1982-10-14 | Felix 4446 Hörstel Heescher | "verfahren zur herstellung von als bauelemente dienenden stegplatten" |
US5935695A (en) * | 1989-04-19 | 1999-08-10 | Emseal Corporation | Joint filler |
FR2723116A1 (fr) * | 1994-07-28 | 1996-02-02 | Prefac Sa | Conduit souterrain |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4680192B2 (ja) | 2011-05-11 |
FR2858640A1 (fr) | 2005-02-11 |
AU2004266277A1 (en) | 2005-03-03 |
JP2007501345A (ja) | 2007-01-25 |
ES2312270A1 (es) | 2009-02-16 |
FR2858640B1 (fr) | 2005-10-28 |
ES2312270B1 (es) | 2009-12-18 |
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