WO2005012883A1 - Systeme de mesure de la caracterisation optique des materiaux et procede mis en oeuvre par ledit systeme - Google Patents
Systeme de mesure de la caracterisation optique des materiaux et procede mis en oeuvre par ledit systeme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2005012883A1 WO2005012883A1 PCT/FR2004/050339 FR2004050339W WO2005012883A1 WO 2005012883 A1 WO2005012883 A1 WO 2005012883A1 FR 2004050339 W FR2004050339 W FR 2004050339W WO 2005012883 A1 WO2005012883 A1 WO 2005012883A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sample
- optical
- measuring
- measurement
- fibers
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 46
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004737 colorimetric analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005315 distribution function Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 240000005561 Musa balbisiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021015 bananas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/55—Specular reflectivity
- G01N21/57—Measuring gloss
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/46—Measurement of colour; Colour measuring devices, e.g. colorimeters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
- G01N21/4738—Diffuse reflection, e.g. also for testing fluids, fibrous materials
- G01N21/474—Details of optical heads therefor, e.g. using optical fibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
Definitions
- the invention relates to a measurement system for the optical characterization of materials and to a measurement method implemented by the system.
- optical characterization of the materials means the measurement of the visual and optical properties of the materials such as the gloss - the surface condition, the transparency, the color effects (pigment color, pearlescent effect, metallic effect) so that the results are expressed as close as possible to the sensations of human vision and the most applicable for manufacturers controlling materials.
- the production of materials has strongly evolved in recent years because to attract the eye of consumers and replace the traditional, uniform colors, designers use all the possibilities of finishing (glossy, matte and satin ...), of juxtaposition of colors ( speckled, printed effects ...), texture (veined, granita %) and pigment effect (metallic or pearly) at their disposal.
- spectrophotometer manufacturers have manufactured multi-angle instruments that allow spectral analysis of paints with metallic and / or pearlescent effects from 3 to 7 angles. The measurements are not complete enough (too little angular information and no axial information) and the associated software does not allow satisfactory operation due to the insufficient number of measurement angles.
- profilometers also called diffusometers. These instruments are very complete since they are capable of illuminating and measuring a point on a material in all directions. But they are not suitable for industrialists in a manufacturing process because: they are too slow (up to
- the subject of the invention is a measurement system for the characterization of materials, that is to say the determination of their optical properties such as gloss, surface appearance, transparency, color (pigments and dyes).
- the invention more particularly relates to a characterization system for measuring optics of a sample material comprising a sample illumination optical device, an optical device, for measuring the light reflected by the sample for treatment by a spectral decomposition device (diffraction grating or ' of a filter system) mainly characterized in that it comprises: - a mechanical structure supporting the optical measurement device placed above the sample, the optical measurement device comprising an optical system for simultaneously forming a measurement point, of the sample from several angles, comprising n optical fibers (102), n being strictly greater than two, these fibers being provided at their ends of a microlens (101), and being positioned at equal distance above the sample so as to be oriented in the direction of the sample to capture the light reflected by the sample.
- a spectral decomposition device diffiffraction grating or ' of a filter system
- the number n of fibers is advantageously equal to a few tens. In the embodiment described n is equal to 10.
- the fibers are distributed at a predetermined distance above the sample in order to define the different measurement angles.
- the illumination optic comprises a light source and an optical fiber provided at its end with a microlens transporting the light emitted by the source, this fiber being supported by the mechanical structure.
- the illumination optic comprises a light source placed above the sample to be analyzed, provided with a focusing lens on the sample and being supported by the mechanical structure.
- the measurement optic further comprises an optical fiber provided at its end with a microlens used for calibrating the system and a fiber provided at its end with a microlens used for controlling the illumination fiber, these two fibers being arranged. in a sector not occupied by the measuring fibers on the mechanical structure.
- the measurement fibers and the control fibers are brought together and aligned in a mechanical system so that all of the fibers are positioned facing the slit (s) or points input of a spectral decomposition device.
- the support of the optical device comprises a system for moving the illumination fiber above the sample at an angle ranging from 0 ° to -90 °.
- the mechanical support structure of the optical measurement device comprises at least one hoop.
- the sample holder has a turntable mounted on a sliding and tilting assembly for raising and lowering the sample and tilting it.
- the system includes analysis and processing means.
- the processing means comprise means for automatically controlling the mechanical structure.
- the analysis means comprise a spectral decomposition device and a matrix sensor of the scientific video camera type.
- the subject of the invention is also a method of measuring optical characterization implemented by the system which has just been described, consisting of: - illuminating the sample at a given angle, - acquiring a first series of measurements at by means of optical fibers simultaneously conveying the light reflected by the sample at angles defined by their respective positions relative to the sample, - acquiring several other series of measurements by rotating the sample or the optical measuring device with respect to to a measurement axis passing through the central measurement point of the sample up to one complete rotation with a predetermined increment of value, the method thus making it possible to obtain the measurement of the information of the colored reflection in all directions predetermined and taking into account the effects of matter.
- FIG. 1 represents a diagram of a general view of the system according to the invention
- FIG. 2A represents a partial diagram of the arch 301
- FIG. 2B represents an alternative embodiment for the visualization optics
- Figure 3 shows a perspective diagram of the system of the system according to the invention
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of the illumination device and measuring according to a first embodiment
- Figure 5 shows a diagram of the device of illumination and measurement according to a second embodiment
- - Figure 6 shows a diagram illustrating the flow of light transported by the fibers arriving on the entry slit of a spectral decomposition device.
- the system according to the invention comprises two functional assemblies for the actual measurement and a functional assembly for signal processing - and possibly the control of the assembly, this control also being able to be manual.
- the system comprises: 1) - an optical device 100 comprising a measurement lens 101, 102, a sample illumination lens 103, a calibration device 104, 106 and a device for controlling the illumination optics 105, 107. 2) - a mechanical support structure 300 comprising , a support for the optical device 301 and a sample support 320: 302-305. 3) - means of analysis 400, 600 and processing 500 of the information extracted from the light flows transported by the optical device.
- the optical measuring device comprises a set of microlenses 101 and optical fibers 102 for measuring.
- Each microlens 101 is coupled to a fiber 102 so as to analyze the reflection of the sample from a very precise angle without the reflections from other angles disturbing the analysis.
- the use of n fibers provided with microlenses allows n simultaneous angular measurements.
- the fibers 102 have the function of simultaneously transporting the light reflected by the sample from several angles towards a spectral decomposition device.
- the optical measurement device is composed of 28 optical fibers, 2 calibration fibers for the measurement in transmission and, lateral diffusion and a brightness measurement fiber 107 placed in the axis of illumination.
- the illumination device comprises two fibers 103,
- the illumination of the sample is ensured for example by • the fiber 103 serving for the transport of the light supplied by a source 110, coupled to the other end to a microlens 108.
- This fiber and the associated microlens may be identical to of measuring fibers.
- the light transport fiber is placed vertically above the sample and can be moved from 0 to -90 ° above the sample.
- the second fiber 104 is used for calibrating the system and transports the light from the source through a fiber and a microlens 106 identical to the measurement fibers.
- the microlens of this fiber is placed outside the measurement chamber and illuminates a white and diffusing calibration tile.
- the third fiber 105 is used 'to directly control the state of the illumination source simultaneously with the measurements. It is this value which is used to calibrate all the measurements.
- the measurement fibers and the illumination fiber 105 are gathered in a cable 120 connected by a connector 410 to a spectral decomposition device which is connected to a matrix sensor of the scientific video camera type 600 so that the captured light is analyzed and processed by the processing unit 500 to which is connected to the matrix sensor of the scientific video camera type.
- the illumination device can, in a variant of embodiment illustrated in FIG.
- optical support device is produced by a curved arch 301 pierced with n holes, ie 28 holes for the measurement fibers in the example given.
- the arch is bent over 255mm and is 550mm high and 300mm wide, it is fixed on the basis of "the mechanical structure and is removable.
- the arch 301 is designed to so as to ensure a pointing of the microlenses at the end of the fibers on the measured location of the sample 1.
- the dimensions and the bending of the arch are chosen according to the samples and of the desired angular resolution.
- the engine is controlled by integrated electronics 306, to the support, advantageously controlled by the processing and control unit 500.
- the sample support comprises a rotating plate
- the control of the movements of the plate is programmed to have, for example, an accuracy of 0.01mm relative to the optical part and to have a rapid triggering of the angular measurements every n degrees of axis.
- Turntable 303 is driven by a belt
- the mechanical device 305, 308, 309 under the plate is designed to compensate for the thickness and the inclination of the samples of variable shape and size and to allow the measurement point to be placed exactly under the optical device, at the point of convergence of the measurement beams and illumination beam.
- the mechanical device comprises a mechanism for leveling the sample comprising two support axes 315 on which the plate slides during the ups and downs of the plate and motor assembly, for example manually driven by a pulley 310.
- the mechanical device under the tray further comprises two bananas' 305 on which the tray, motor, raising / lowering mechanism which is moved over ⁇ 10 ° by a crank 311 rests. This set allows samples to swing by ⁇ 10 ° relative to the measuring point.
- the mechanical structure 300 also comprises a base 302 which supports the mechanism for positioning the samples 320 and the arch, the bending of which begins above the measurement level 'zero' of the plate. In the practical embodiment, the base has a robustness making it possible to avoid any dimensional variation and supporting samples of more than 20kg.
- the mechanical structure 300 is striated with grooves under the plate every 1 ° of axis and coupled to a detection optic situated under the plate making it possible to synchronize the axial position of the sample with the light source and a scientific video camera type matrix sensor.
- the use of its ridges allows the use of a continuous motor while allowing synchronization of the axial positioning.
- the processing unit is for example made " by a PC type computer or by processing electronics placed after the matrix sensor of the scientific video camera type, comprising a program implementing the sequence of movements, this program being able to include parameters selected by the operator according to the nature of the sample to be characterized and the desired precision of the movements of the sample holder.
- the arch 301 is produced in one piece as is the case in the diagrams of Figures 1 and 3.
- this arch comprises a measurement side 301 and an illumination side 201.
- Figure 4 - illustrates this configuration.
- the roll bar measures on the same axis as the illumination, providing better results for colorimetry than those obtained with conventional systems.
- Another solution illustrated by the diagram in FIG. 5 can consist in making a mechanical support for the optical device in two distinct parts in which, the illumination part 201 is not on the arch as the part measures 301 (axis Z). This makes it possible to position the illumination in any direction and to measure the variations in color of the materials as a function of the position of the lighting.
- the measurement part is organized in the same way as on the hoop which was previously described but is amputated of the lighting part: the arch only forms a half-arch.
- the lighting part can be placed either below or above the measurement part.
- the illumination part is connected to the measurement part above the center of the plate and functions in the same way as the illumination part represented in FIG. 4 since the source moves from 0 to -90 ° in moving along the hoop.
- the illumination part is positionable in all axes and in combination with the angular movement of the source and allows to illuminate practically all directions.
- the sample to be analyzed is placed in the center of the plate which is adjusted in height and inclination so that its surface is positioned horizontally exactly at the point of convergence of the measurement beams and the illumination beam.
- the positioning adjustment can be done either manually or assisted by an optical system and automatically managed by the computer to allow perfect repeatability of repositioning of the samples.
- the intensity and the value are measured source spectral thanks to the source measurement fibers and after processing by the spectral decomposition device and acquisition by the matrix sensor of the scientific video camera type.
- This spectral value of the source is the reference for the calculation of the fluxes reflected by the sample towards the different optics, under the predefined angles.
- a control calibration is carried out simultaneously to check for possible processing errors.
- the processing unit controls the calibration and measurement sequence.
- the calibration sequence is performed on a metal standard
- the optical lenses are positioned on the arch at equidistance and for example at 25 cm from the sample every 3 ° of angle with an angular precision greater than - k - 2 minutes of angle (0.06 mm). It is possible to increase the accuracy of the system by positioning the optics on a larger arch. In this case, an identical spacing between the micro-lenses allows angular measurements to be made at all degrees of angle.
- the light reflected by the sample is routed simultaneously by the 24 measuring optical fibers which point in front of the entry slit of a spectral decomposition device.
- the connection between the fibers and the spectral decomposition device is ensured by a connector 410 for positioning on the frame of the spectral decomposition device 400.
- the measurement and control information arrives simultaneously on the slot as illustrated in the diagram of the
- a high quality image contains all the angular spectral information of the measured sample.
- the measurement time is very short (from 3. to 0.1 seconds) and the processing is almost instantaneous.
- the image is converted into spectra (bottom right, a section of the image at 550nm), saved as a function of the absolute axis and the calculated axis of the positioning of the sample.
- a complete measurement is carried out after rotation of the plate.
- the multispectral data file obtained following this complete measurement then contains all the spectral values of the sample, from all the angles measured and along all the axes.
- the system which has just been described makes it possible to define the color quality of the material (existing values and new functions and indices), the brightness (the representation of the specular) and to translate the texture effects into information of variation in tone and of shine.
- the illumination angle, rotation and inclination of the sample information is collected to highlight variations in hue and reflection of the material measured with great precision and perfect repeatability.
- this measurement geometry is similar to a point illumination at 0 ° and a diffuse measurement (in the upper half sphere only). The sum of the measured spectral values makes it possible to find a value close to the spectral measurement values in normalized geometry 0 ° / Diffuse.
- the angular offset of the source By shifting the illumination point from 0 ° to -10 ° every n degrees, the angular offset of the source generates different measurement angles relative to the axis of the specular (axis of reflection of the brightness), which increases the number of measurement references and the angular resolution.
- a complete measurement with an angular resolution of one degree and a measurement every degree axis may take 30 to 90 seconds.
- the multispectral values thus acquired provide all the brightness, surface texture and color information that is needed depending on the angle observation.
- acquisitions will be made in several passes to refine the measurement resolution in certain axes and angles. For the measurements to be reliable and fast, we will only retain the significant values for calculations and graphical representations.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
- Spectrometry And Color Measurement (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04767900A EP1660866A1 (fr) | 2003-07-31 | 2004-07-15 | Systeme de mesure de la caracterisation optique des materiaux et procede mis en oeuvre par ledit systeme |
US10/565,840 US20060274316A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 | 2004-07-15 | Measuring system for the optical characterization of materials and method for the implementation thereof by said system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0309449A FR2858412B1 (fr) | 2003-07-31 | 2003-07-31 | Systeme et procede de mesure de l'aspect visuel des materiaux. |
FR03/09449 | 2003-07-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2005012883A1 true WO2005012883A1 (fr) | 2005-02-10 |
Family
ID=34043705
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2004/050339 WO2005012883A1 (fr) | 2003-07-31 | 2004-07-15 | Systeme de mesure de la caracterisation optique des materiaux et procede mis en oeuvre par ledit systeme |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060274316A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1660866A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2858412B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2005012883A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008046988A1 (de) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-04-22 | [0X1] Software Und Consulting Gmbh | Reflektometer und Verfahren zur Charakterisierung von Materialien und Materialoberflächen zumindest hinsichtlich optischer Streueigenschaften oder/und optischer Reflektionseigenschaften |
EP2975370B1 (fr) * | 2014-07-14 | 2020-11-04 | X-Rite Switzerland GmbH | Colorimètre |
JP6384183B2 (ja) * | 2014-08-05 | 2018-09-05 | 株式会社リコー | 試料測定装置および試料測定プログラム |
US10564096B2 (en) * | 2015-09-14 | 2020-02-18 | University Of Florida Research Foundation, Incorporated | Method for measuring bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and associated device |
FR3049709B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-05 | 2019-08-30 | Areva Np | Procede de detection d'un defaut sur une surface par eclairage multidirectionnel et dispositif associe |
CN105954209A (zh) * | 2016-04-21 | 2016-09-21 | 厦门大学 | 一种光源近场空间分布多路测试系统 |
FR3087891B1 (fr) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-11-20 | Entpe | Dispositif optique pour la mesure des proprietes optiques des materiaux. |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5716324A (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Color measuring device |
JPH10137194A (ja) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-05-26 | Kanebo Ltd | 表面色測定具、光沢測定装置および分光測色装置 |
US20010026365A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Ichiro Hirosawa | Evaluation of optically anisotropic structure |
DE10149780A1 (de) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-30 | Byk Gardner Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Beleuchtung einer Messfläche und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der visuellen Eigenschaften von Körpern |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6445448B1 (en) * | 1997-03-12 | 2002-09-03 | Corning Applied Technologies, Corp. | System and method for molecular sample measurement |
US6519032B1 (en) * | 1998-04-03 | 2003-02-11 | Symyx Technologies, Inc. | Fiber optic apparatus and use thereof in combinatorial material science |
-
2003
- 2003-07-31 FR FR0309449A patent/FR2858412B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2004
- 2004-07-15 US US10/565,840 patent/US20060274316A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-07-15 WO PCT/FR2004/050339 patent/WO2005012883A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-07-15 EP EP04767900A patent/EP1660866A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5716324A (en) * | 1980-07-04 | 1982-01-27 | Hitachi Ltd | Color measuring device |
JPH10137194A (ja) * | 1996-11-08 | 1998-05-26 | Kanebo Ltd | 表面色測定具、光沢測定装置および分光測色装置 |
US20010026365A1 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Ichiro Hirosawa | Evaluation of optically anisotropic structure |
DE10149780A1 (de) * | 2001-10-09 | 2003-04-30 | Byk Gardner Gmbh | Einrichtung zur Beleuchtung einer Messfläche und Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der visuellen Eigenschaften von Körpern |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 079 (P - 115) 18 May 1982 (1982-05-18) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1998, no. 10 31 August 1998 (1998-08-31) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2858412A1 (fr) | 2005-02-04 |
US20060274316A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
FR2858412B1 (fr) | 2007-03-30 |
EP1660866A1 (fr) | 2006-05-31 |
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