WO2004108251A1 - Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres - Google Patents

Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004108251A1
WO2004108251A1 PCT/US2003/017537 US0317537W WO2004108251A1 WO 2004108251 A1 WO2004108251 A1 WO 2004108251A1 US 0317537 W US0317537 W US 0317537W WO 2004108251 A1 WO2004108251 A1 WO 2004108251A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fiber bed
coarse particle
gas
particle separator
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2003/017537
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English (en)
Inventor
Sheth Mahendra Chhotalal
Original Assignee
Sheth Mahendra Chhotalal
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sheth Mahendra Chhotalal filed Critical Sheth Mahendra Chhotalal
Priority to AU2003247480A priority Critical patent/AU2003247480A1/en
Priority to PCT/US2003/017537 priority patent/WO2004108251A1/fr
Publication of WO2004108251A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004108251A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/003—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions including coalescing means for the separation of liquid
    • B01D46/0031—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions including coalescing means for the separation of liquid with collecting, draining means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improved fiber bed elements for fiber bed mist eliminators and processes for removing liquid particles and soluble and insoluble solid particles entrained in gas streams using those fiber bed elements.
  • Fiber bed mist eliminators have found wide application in the removal of suspensions of liquid and soluble and insoluble solid particles (i.e., aerosols) from gas streams emitted from a variety of industrial processes.
  • aerosol refers collectively to gaseous suspensions of liquid and/or solid particles that may be soluble or insoluble in the entrained liquid.
  • acid mists such as sulfuric acid mists
  • plasticizer mists in the manufacture of polyvinyl chloride floor or wall coverings
  • removal of water soluble solid aerosols from the emissions of ammonium nitrate prill towers.
  • fiber bed mist eliminators may achieve separation efficiencies of 99% or greater.
  • Fiber bed mist eliminators typically comprise one or more substantially vertical cylindrical fiber bed elements installed in a suitable vessel along with baffle means (e.g., a tubesheet) for directing the gas to be treated to pass through the fiber bed elements.
  • Conventional fiber bed elements comprise beds of collecting fibers in contact with wire screens or similar support structures.
  • the fiber bed is designed to collect liquid mists and soluble solid particles entrained in the moving gas stream and drain them through the structure of the bed. More particularly, during operation of a fiber bed mist eliminator, a stream of gas containing an aerosol is made to penetrate and pass through the fiber bed of the fiber bed element with a horizontal component of movement.
  • the fibers in the fiber bed capture the aerosol in the gas by the mechanisms of impaction, interception, and/or Brownian diffusion.
  • the moving gas urges the droplets to move toward the downstream face of the fiber bed as gravity pulls the captured liquid downward. Liquid drains and exits from the lower end and downstream face of the fiber bed.
  • Fiber bed mist eliminator applications may vary and often include sizable concentrations of both fine (e.g., submicron) as well as coarser liquid, soluble solid and insoluble solid particles.
  • fine e.g., submicron
  • coarser liquid e.g., soluble solid and insoluble solid particles.
  • fiber bed element capable of effectively achieving the desired separation efficiency across the entire range of such a bimodal particle size distribution. Fiber beds constructed with a low void fraction so as to attain a high separation efficiency with respect to fine liquid mists and solid particles tend to become over loaded or flood when subjected to high particulate gas loadings containing significant concentrations of coarser particles.
  • a flooded bed is a fiber bed in which captured liquid and solids or viscous liquid particles substantially fill the void spaces between adjacent collecting fibers in the fiber bed. Captured liquid in a flooded fiber bed cannot properly drain and instead may be reentrained in the moving gas stream at the downstream face of the fiber bed. Furthermore, the pressure drop across a fiber bed element dramatically increases as a fiber bed becomes flooded. If a pressure differential across the fiber bed sufficient to overcome the force of adhesion and dislodge the collected droplets from the fibers is employed, the collected liquid is blown from the downstream face of the fiber bed where it is reentrained by the gas stream resulting in low separation efficiency and increased operating cost.
  • an improved fiber bed element and processes for using the fiber bed element in fiber bed mist eliminator applications the provision of an improved fiber bed element and processes capable of achieving a high particle separation efficiency, particularly in high load applications wherein the particulate loading in the gas stream contains substantial concentrations of both submicron and coarser liquid and/or solid particles; the provision of an improved fiber bed element and processes wherein the bed of collecting fibers is less prone to flooding in applications characterized by high particulate gas loadings containing significant concentrations of coarser particles; the provision of an improved fiber bed element and processes capable of effectively removing insoluble solid particles and extending the service life of the bed of collecting fibers; the provision of an improved fiber bed element and processes wherein pressure drop and operating costs are minimized; the provision of an improved fiber bed element readily adaptable to varying particulate loadings in the gas to be treated so as to maintain a high separation efficiency and low operating costs; and the provision of an improved fiber bed element that is versatile, reliable, compact, simplified in construction and relatively inexpensive to
  • the present invention is directed to a fiber bed element for removing aerosols from a gas stream.
  • the fiber bed element comprises a fiber bed comprising collecting fibers and a fiber bed support comprising a substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder in supporting contact with the fiber bed.
  • the fiber bed support has a lower end and an upper end, one of the ends defining a channel for the flow of gas through the fiber bed element.
  • the fiber bed element further comprises a coarse particle separator adjacent the end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel and extending substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel such that gas to be treated passes substantially vertically through the coarse particle separator and then through the fiber bed with a horizontal component of movement.
  • the present invention is also directed to a fiber bed mist eliminator for removing aerosols from a gas stream in which at least one fiber bed element of the present invention is supported within a vessel having an inlet for introducing the gas to be treated and an outlet for removing the treated gas after it has passed through the fiber bed element .
  • a process for removing an aerosol entrained in a gas stream comprises passing the gas stream to be treated through a coarse particle separator to remove a portion of the entrained particulate load from the gas stream.
  • the gas stream exiting the coarse particle separator is then passed through a fiber bed to remove a further portion of the entrained particulate load from the gas stream.
  • the fiber bed comprises collecting fibers in supporting contact with a fiber bed support comprising a substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder.
  • the fiber bed support has a lower end and an upper end, one of the ends defining a gas flow channel for the flow of gas through the fiber bed element.
  • the coarse particle separator is positioned adjacent the end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel and extends substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel such that the gas stream to be treated passes substantially vertically through the coarse particle separator and into the gas flow channel defined by the fiber bed support and then through the fiber bed with a horizontal component of movement .
  • an existing fiber bed element used to remove aerosols entrained in a gas stream is retrofitted in accordance with the present invention.
  • the fiber bed element to be retrofit comprises a fiber bed comprising collecting fibers and a fiber bed support comprising a substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder in supporting contact with the fiber bed.
  • the fiber bed support has a lower end and an upper end with one of the ends defining a channel for the flow of gas through the fiber bed element.
  • the retrofitted fiber bed element removes of a portion of the coarse particle load from the gas upstream of the fiber bed.
  • the retrofit method comprises providing a coarse particle separator sized and shaped for integration into the fiber bed element so that the coarse particle separator extends substantially across the gas flow area upstream of the fiber bed through which the gas to be treated enters the fiber bed element.
  • the coarse particle separator is then positioned in the fiber bed element so that it extends substantially across the gas flow area upstream of the fiber bed through which the gas to be treated enters the fiber bed element. Once positioned, the coarse particle separator is secured to the fiber bed element.
  • Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a fiber bed mist eliminator including a fiber bed element of a first embodiment of the present invention with parts broken away.
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of a fiber bed mist eliminator including a fiber bed element of a second embodiment of the present invention with parts broken away.
  • Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of a fiber bed mist eliminator including a fiber bed element of a third embodiment of the present invention with parts broken away.
  • a fiber bed element for fiber bed mist eliminator applications which combines and integrates the fine particle separation capabilities of a conventional fiber bed with a coarse particle separator in a single apparatus.
  • the coarse particle separator is positioned upstream of the fiber bed section with respect to the direction of gas flow through the fiber bed element and removes viscous and solid particles along with larger components of the particulate load in the gas to be treated typically by the mechanism of impaction. This allows the downstream bed of collecting fibers to be constructed more efficiently to remove a further portion of the remaining particulate load having a generally reduced average particle size as compared to the incoming gas stream.
  • the combination of a fiber bed and a coarse particle separator in a single apparatus allows both components to be designed for efficient removal of only a portion of the particulate loading with commensurate reductions in equipment size and overall pressure drop and increased service life.
  • the fiber bed element of the present invention is especially suited for fiber bed mist eliminator applications with high particulate gas loadings containing significant concentrations of coarser particles and/or insoluble solid particles that might otherwise flood or clog a conventional fiber bed or require that the fiber bed be sized uneconomically.
  • the coarse particle separator is integrated into the fiber bed element in a manner which allows existing conventional fiber bed elements having problems achieving the desired separation efficiency (e.g., due to high particulate loadings and/or large concentrations of coarser particles and/or insoluble solid particles in the gas stream) to be retrofitted in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a fiber bed mist eliminator 1 including a fiber bed element 3 in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention. Installation of fiber bed elements in such apparatus is well known and the practice is no different with respect to the fiber bed element of this invention except as pointed out hereinafter.
  • the apparatus in Fig. 1 is shown as including a single fiber bed element, it should be understood that multiple elements in accordance with the present invention can be deployed in the fiber bed mist eliminator to increase process capacity as is common in the art.
  • the other components of the fiber bed mist eliminator are conventional and include a vessel 5 having an inlet 7 for the gas to be treated and an outlet 8 through which the treated gas exits the vessel.
  • An annular support ring or tubesheet 10 supports fiber bed element 3 within vessel 5 and has its outside diameter joined to the inside wall of the vessel.
  • a hole 11 is provided in tubesheet 10 in conjunction with a conventional liquid seal leg 13 comprising a liquid drain conduit 15 joined to the tubesheet in fluid communication with hole 11 and extending into a seal leg cup 17.
  • Liquid waste draining from fiber bed element 3 flows over tubesheet 10 into liquid drain conduit 15 and collects in seal leg cup 17 thereby providing a liquid seal in the liquid drain conduit that prevents untreated incoming gas from bypassing the element .
  • the fiber bed mist eliminator may further include means for dissolving the solids in a liquid, such as a fogging spray injected into the gas stream prior to reaching the fiber bed element .
  • the fiber bed element 3 comprises a fiber bed 19 comprising collecting fibers and a fiber bed support comprising a substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder 21 (e.g., a metal wire screen or cage) in supporting contact with the fiber bed.
  • the fiber bed support may comprise a second substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder 21a concentric with the first support cylinder 21.
  • the upper ends of both support cylinders are joined to a gas-impervious plate 23, while the lower ends of the support cylinders are joined to an annular flange 25.
  • the annular flange is in turn secured to tubesheet 10. Bulk collecting fibers are packed between the two opposing support screens to form fiber bed 19
  • Fiber bed support cylinders 21 and 21a typically have a circular cross section. In Fig. 1 and subsequent drawings, portions of fiber bed 19 and support cylinders 21 and 21a have been broken away for clarity of illustration.
  • the fiber bed and support may take various forms without departing from the scope of this invention.
  • the fiber bed may be formed by winding a roving made of collecting fibers around a cylindrical support screen (i.e., a wound bed) such as described in U.S. Patent No. 4,915,714 (Teague, et al . ) or the fiber bed may take the form of a mat of collecting fibers wrapped around or pulled like a sleeve over a cylindrical support screen such as described in U.S. Patent No. 5,605,748 (Kennedy, et al) .
  • the present invention is not limited by the material from which the collecting fibers are made or the size of the collecting fibers.
  • the collecting fibers may be made from metals (e.g., stainless steel, titanium, etc.), polymeric materials (e.g., polyesters, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene terphthalate, nylons, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.) as well as glass.
  • metals e.g., stainless steel, titanium, etc.
  • polymeric materials e.g., polyesters, polyvinylchloride, polyethylene terphthalate, nylons, polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.
  • chemical grade glass fibers are particularly useful.
  • fibers having a diameter ranging from 5 ⁇ m or less to more than 200 ⁇ m, as well as combinations of fibers made from different materials of varying diameters are used to form the fiber bed.
  • the fiber bed may include additional functional components such as strengthening scrims and reentrainment control or drainage layers such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,086,070 (Argo et al . ) .
  • additional functional components such as strengthening scrims and reentrainment control or drainage layers such as those described in U.S. Patent No. 4,086,070 (Argo et al . ) .
  • the selection of the type and size of collecting fibers to employ in the fiber bed and the method of constructing the fiber bed and securing the bed to the fiber bed support to obtain the desired bulk density, void fraction, pressure drop and drainage characteristics and achieve the desired separation efficiency under specified design operating conditions (e.g., particulate loading, gas flowrate, etc.) is well-known to those skilled in the art and this practice is readily adapted in the design of the fiber bed element in accordance with the present invention.
  • Fiber bed element 3 further comprises a coarse particle separator 29 adjacent the end of the fiber bed support that defines a channel for the flow of gas through the fiber bed element.
  • the coarse particle separator extends substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel defined by the fiber bed support.
  • the lower end of the fiber bed support defines the gas flow channel such that gas to be treated entering vessel 5 through inlet 7 passes substantially vertically upward through the coarse particle separator 29 and then through the fiber bed 19 with a horizontal component of movement and treated gas exits the vessel through outlet 8.
  • Arrows indicate the direction of gas flow in Fig. 1 and subsequent drawings.
  • the direction of gas flow through fiber bed mist eliminator 1 is reversed.
  • the lower ends of support cylinders 21 and 21a are joined to gas-impervious plate 23, while the upper ends of the support cylinders are joined to annular flange 25.
  • the annular flange in turn is used to suspend fiber bed element 3 from tubesheet 10.
  • Liquid drain conduit 15 of seal leg 13 is joined to plate 23 in fluid communication with hole 11a therein.
  • the upper end of the fiber bed support defines the gas flow channel for the flow of gas through fiber bed element 3 such that gas to be treated entering vessel 5 through inlet 7 passes substantially vertically downward through the coarse particle separator 29 and then through the fiber bed 19 with a horizontal component of movement and treated gas exits the vessel through outlet 8.
  • Coarse particle separator 29 may be any conventional device adapted for the removal of the bulk (e.g., 90% or more) of the coarser component of the particulate load, typically liquid and soluble and insoluble solid particles having a diameter in excess of about 2 ⁇ m.
  • coarse particle separator 29 comprises a frame defining gas flow openings formed by top and bottom frame members 31 and 32 (e.g., a ring and grid support structure) and impaction separation media 33 disposed within or sandwiched between the frame members.
  • suitable devices for use as the coarse particle separator include conventional vane separators and wire mesh pad separators or a combination of a wire mesh pad separator and a vane separator for improved separation and drainage of separated coarse particles.
  • the coarse particle separator comprises a wire mesh pad separator.
  • the materials and construction of coarse particle separator 29 can vary as needed with the application.
  • frame members 31 and 32 and impaction separation media 33 e.g., one or more wire mesh pads
  • the selection of the impaction separation media and the method of constructing the coarse particle separator to obtain the desired pressure drop and drainage characteristics and achieve the desired separation efficiency under a specified design operating conditions is well-known to those skilled in the art and this practice is readily adapted in the design of the fiber bed element in accordance with the present invention.
  • performance is defined by efficiency, particle size, pressure drop and particulate load.
  • the primary application parameter that affects performance is gas density.
  • gas density For a given gas density, the correct size pad for optimum performance depends largely on the gas velocity.
  • the liquid density influences the wire mesh pad size (i.e., diameter), but is less than the effect of gas density.
  • the liquid loading rate is important because it determines the gas flow rate at which flooding and subsequent reentrainment occur.
  • Pressure drop is of course important to the process.
  • the pressure drop for a correctly designed wire mesh pad is usually quite small (e.g., less than about 1 kPa) .
  • the coarse particle separator is constructed to remove 90% or more of the coarser component of the particulate load, typically liquid and soluble and insoluble solid particles having a diameter in excess of 2 ⁇ m and a significantly smaller portion of the particulate load attributable to particles having a diameter of 2 ⁇ m or less.
  • coarse particle separator 29 is sized and shaped so that it is received in the end of the fiber bed support that defines the gas flow channel through fiber bed element 3 (i.e., the lower end of the fiber bed support in Fig. 1 and the upper end of the fiber bed support in Fig. 2) .
  • top and bottom frame members 31 and 32 of coarse particle separator 29 are likewise circular and dimensioned to fit within the diameter of support screen 21.
  • coarse particle separator 29 By positioning coarse particle separator 29 in the gas flow volume on the upstream side of fiber bed 19, fiber bed element 3 is made more compact and installation of the coarse particle separator is facilitated.
  • this preferred method of installing coarse particle separator 29 tends to improve the distribution of gases entering fiber bed 19, thereby improving the separation efficiency of the fiber bed.
  • fiber bed element 3 further comprises a hoop-shaped, gas-impervious veil 35 connected to the inside diameter of annular flange 25 and extending between coarse particle separator 29 and fiber bed 19 into the gas flow channel defined by the fiber bed support .
  • impaction separation media 33 e.g., one or more wire mesh pads
  • Veil 35 prevents the flow of incoming gas from passing horizontally through impaction separation media 33 and directly into fiber bed 19. Instead, the gas is forced to pass substantially vertically through coarse particle separator 29 and into the gas flow volume on the upstream side of fiber bed 19 before passing through the fiber bed with a horizontal component of movement.
  • one or more hangers 37 may extend from the top frame member 31 of coarse particle separator 29 and engage veil 35 such that the coarse particle separator is suspended from the veil when the separator is lowered into the gas flow channel defined by the upper end of the fiber bed support.
  • the hanger 37 may comprise a single continuous annular tab or a plurality of tabs spaced circumferentially (e.g., at 90° intervals) about the periphery of top frame member 31.
  • the manner in which coarse particle separator 29 is suspended from veil 35 must permit the coarse particle separator to be received in the lower end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel. That is, the hanger arrangement must permit the coarse particle separator 29 to be positioned within the gas flow channel during installation.
  • one or more hangers, generally designated 37 comprising a pin 39 and having a hook 41 disposed at an upper end of the pin and a handle 43 disposed at a lower end of the pin may be used to suspend coarse particle separator 29 from veil 35.
  • Pin 39 of each hanger 37 passes through holes in the top and bottom frame members 31 and 32 and is pivotable between a first position (shown in phantom in Fig.
  • hangers 37 are pivoted to the first position to allow the coarse particle separator to be raised into the lower end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel such that each hook 41 is at an elevation slightly above veil 35. The hangers 37 are then pivoted to the second position and the coarse particle separator lowered slightly so that each hook 41 engages veil 35.
  • a plurality of hangers 37 are spaced circumferentially (e.g., at 90° intervals) about the periphery of the frame of the coarse particle separator and the number of hangers 37 can vary considerably.
  • the hanger arrangement may include only one pivotable hanger 37 and one or more other hangers provided by static tabs extending from top frame member 31 of coarse particle separator 29 as shown in Fig. 2.
  • the coarse particle separator could then be raised, perhaps while canted at a slight angle, into the gas flow channel and then lowered and leveled horizontally such that the tabs engage the veil before pivoting the remaining hanger 37 into engagement with the veil.
  • other means for securing the coarse particle separator received in the end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel may be employed without departing from the scope of the present invention, including means which do not suspend the coarse particle separator from the veil .
  • coarse particle separator 29 be received in the gas flow channel defined by the fiber bed support as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, it should be understood that such a configuration is not required.
  • the coarse particle separator be adjacent the end of the fiber bed support defining the gas flow channel and extend substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel.
  • coarse particle separator 29 could alternatively be suspended by connecting top frame member 31 to tubesheet 10 such that the coarse particle separator extends substantially across but does not occupy the fluid flow channel defined by the lower end of the fiber bed support.
  • bottom frame member 32 of coarse particle separator 29 could be supported on top of flange 25 such that the coarse particle separator extends substantially across but does not occupy the fluid flow channel defined by the upper end of the fiber bed support.
  • a further embodiment of the present invention is directed to retrofitting an existing conventional fiber bed element in accordance with the present invention by adding a coarse particle separator to provide for removal of a portion of the coarse particle load and/or insoluble solid particles upstream of the fiber bed.
  • the fiber bed elements suitable for retrofit in accordance with the present invention include those comprising a bed of collecting fibers and a fiber bed support comprising a substantially vertical gas-permeable cylinder in supporting contact with the fiber bed with one end thereof defining a channel for the flow of gas through the fiber bed element .
  • the retrofit method of the present invention may be used to decrease the risk of fiber bed flooding in high load applications, extend the service life of existing fiber bed elements, particularly in applications where the gas to be treated contains insoluble solid particles that might otherwise clog the fiber bed, improve lower than desired separation efficiency and modify an existing fiber bed mist eliminator installation to effectively handle an increase in particulate load, particularly with respect to coarse particle concentration.
  • the dimensions of the fiber bed element to be retrofitted are first determined so that a coarse particle separator of the appropriate size and shape may be identified for integration into the fiber bed element.
  • the coarse particle separator is preferably sized and shaped so that it can be received in the end of the fiber bed ' support defining the gas flow channel and extend substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel .
  • the coarse particle separator is further provided with a hanger arrangement such as those described above or other means for detachably securing the coarse particle separator received in the gas flow channel to the fiber bed support.
  • the coarse particle separator is then inserted into the fiber bed element so that it is received in and extends substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel before being secured in place .
  • gas to be treated enters the fiber bed element through the gas flow channel defined by the lower or upper end of the fiber bed support.
  • a conventional fiber bed element in which gas to be treated enters the element through the fiber bed and treated gas exits the element through the gas flow channel defined by the upper end of the fiber bed support is retrofitted in accordance with the present invention.
  • Such an embodiment is shown in Fig. 3.
  • the coarse particle separator 29 is sized and shaped for integration into fiber bed element 3 so that the coarse particle separator extends substantially across the gas flow area upstream of the fiber bed through which the gas to be treated enters the fiber bed element.
  • the coarse particle separator 29 is not positioned adjacent one end of the fiber bed support and extending substantially horizontally across the gas flow channel defined by one end of the fiber bed support. Instead, coarse particle separator 29 is adjacent to and positioned circumferentially around the substantially vertical upstream face of fiber bed 19 with respect to the direction of gas flow through fiber bed element 3.
  • Coarse particle separator 29 is preferably formed from flexible impaction separation media 33 so that it can be integrated into fiber bed element 3 by wrapping or winding the media around the outside (i.e., upstream) face of fiber bed 19.
  • coarse particle separator 29 may comprise a flexible vane separator.
  • flexible impaction separation media 33 comprises one or more wire mesh pads.
  • flexible impaction separation media is sized so that it extends substantially from the upper end to the lower end of fiber bed 19 and substantially circumferentially around the upstream face of the fiber bed.
  • One end of impaction separation media 33 is then secured to the fiber bed support (e.g., support cylinder 21a) , for example with hooks or pins, and the media wrapped substantially circumferentially around the upstream face of fiber bed 19.
  • the fiber bed support e.g., support cylinder 21a
  • the material wound around fiber bed element 3 overlap to some extent.
  • the other end of impaction separation media 33 is then secured to the fiber bed support or to other portions of the impaction separation media previously wound onto fiber bed element 3 to provide coarse particle separator 29 having the desired thickness, bulk density, pressure drop and drainage characteristics.
  • the coarse particle separator is preferably detachably secured to the fiber bed element in a manner which facilitates removal and reinstallation of the coarse particle separator. This allows the coarse particle separator to be easily removed from the fiber bed element to dislodge and wash away collected insoluble solids (e.g., by spraying with water) and then easily reinstalled for further service while extending the useful life of the fiber bed.
  • the gas stream to be treated containing an aerosol comprising liquid and/or soluble or insoluble solid particles is introduced into vessel 5 through gas inlet 7 into the space below fiber bed element 3.
  • Tubesheet 10, flange 25 and veil 35 direct the gas to pass vertically upward through coarse particle separator 29.
  • coarse liquid and solid particles entrained in the gas impact with one another and the surface of impaction separation media 33.
  • a substantial portion of the coarse particle load and/or insoluble solid particles is removed from the gas and coalesces into still larger particles that drain under force of gravity from the impaction separation media into the bottom of vessel 5.
  • the pressure drop induced by the passage of the gas through the impaction separation media 33 uniformly redistributes the gas exiting coarse particle separator 29 in preparation for passage through fiber bed 19.
  • Plate 23 directs the gas flow to pass into and through fiber bed 19 with a horizontal component of movement.
  • the captured liquid particles coalesce on the collecting fibers to form larger droplets of liquid in fiber bed 19.
  • the moving gas urges the droplets to move toward the downstream face of the fiber bed as gravity pulls downward on the captured liquid. Draining liquid collects on tubesheet 10 and eventually drains through seal leg 13 into the bottom of vessel 5.
  • the treated gas stream substantially free of the particulate load then exits vessel 5 through outlet 8.
  • the operation of the fiber bed mist eliminator 1 in Fig. 2 is substantially the same as described above except that liquid captured in coarse particle separator 29 drains downwardly onto plate 23 and through seal leg 13 to the bottom of vessel 5, while liquid captured in fiber bed 19 drains from the downstream face of the fiber bed. Because the velocity of the gas exiting coarse particle separator 29 in Fig. 2 may increase significantly due to the decreased flow area, there is some risk of reentraining the liquid draining from the coarse particle separator. For this reason, the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 is generally preferred. Likewise, operation of the fiber bed mist eliminator 1 in Fig.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne des éléments de lit de fibres utilisés dans des dévésiculeurs à lit de fibres, afin d'éliminer des suspensions de particules liquides et solides solubles et insolubles (par ex. des aérosols) entraînées dans un courant gazeux. Cet élément de lit de fibres combine et intègre les capacités de séparation de particules fines d'un lit de fibres classique et d'un séparateur de particules grossières en un seul appareil. Le séparateur de particules grossières est placé en amont de la section de lit de fibres, ce qui permet au lit de fibres collectrices en aval de présenter une configuration plus efficace pour éliminer une plus grande partie de la charge particulaire restante, qui présente une taille particulaire moyenne généralement réduite par comparaison au courant gazeux entrant. Le séparateur de particules grossières est intégré dans l'élément de lit de fibres de façon qu'il est possible d'adapter des éléments de lit de fibres classiques existants, qui présentent des problèmes pour obtenir l'efficacité de séparation souhaitée, conformément à la présente invention.
PCT/US2003/017537 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres WO2004108251A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2003247480A AU2003247480A1 (en) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Fiber bed element for fiber bed mist eliminator
PCT/US2003/017537 WO2004108251A1 (fr) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2003/017537 WO2004108251A1 (fr) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres

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WO2004108251A1 true WO2004108251A1 (fr) 2004-12-16

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PCT/US2003/017537 WO2004108251A1 (fr) 2003-06-02 2003-06-02 Element de lit de fibres pour devesiculeur a lit de fibres

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US8632616B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-01-21 Mecs, Inc. Fiber bed assembly for a fiber bed mist eliminator
US8636819B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-01-28 Mecs, Inc. Fiber bed assembly for a fiber bed mist eliminator
EP2695658A3 (fr) * 2012-06-06 2014-11-19 ING. ENEA MATTEI S.p.A. Cartouche de séparation intégrée
US11680391B2 (en) 2018-01-25 2023-06-20 Northwestern University Surfaces with high surface areas for enhanced condensation and airborne liquid droplet collection

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8632616B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-01-21 Mecs, Inc. Fiber bed assembly for a fiber bed mist eliminator
US8636819B2 (en) 2009-09-08 2014-01-28 Mecs, Inc. Fiber bed assembly for a fiber bed mist eliminator
CN104645730A (zh) * 2009-09-08 2015-05-27 梅克斯公司 用于纤维床除雾器的纤维床组合件
EP2889072A1 (fr) * 2009-09-08 2015-07-01 MECS, Inc. Ensemble de lit de fibres pour dévésiculeur à lit de fibres
CN104645730B (zh) * 2009-09-08 2017-01-11 梅克斯公司 用于纤维床除雾器的纤维床组合件
EP2695658A3 (fr) * 2012-06-06 2014-11-19 ING. ENEA MATTEI S.p.A. Cartouche de séparation intégrée
US11680391B2 (en) 2018-01-25 2023-06-20 Northwestern University Surfaces with high surface areas for enhanced condensation and airborne liquid droplet collection

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