WO2004104451A1

WO2004104451A1 - Axle supporting structure of working machine

Info

Publication number: WO2004104451A1
Application number: PCT/JP2004/006928
Authority: WO
Inventors: Koji Kiyooka
Original assignee: Yanmar Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2003-05-22
Filing date: 2004-05-21
Publication date: 2004-12-02
Also published as: CN1795341A; KR20060012637A; CN100451396C; JP2004347026A; JP4328127B2; KR101029513B1

Abstract

An axle supporting structure of a working machine formed such that, even if an axle case and an axle are removed from a transmission case, oil does not leak from the transmission case, wherein the axle case (27) is continuously fitted to the transmission case (22) to support an axle (26) on the transmission case (22) and the axle case (27), and a carrier (28) as a power transmission body is fitted to one end of the axle (26) in the transmission case (22). An axle fitting part (28a) forming the axle connection part of the carrier (28) is sealed, and an oil seal (39) and an oil seal (40) are disposed between the outer end of the axle case (27) and the axle (26) and between the transmission case (22) and the carrier (28) forming an axle support part.

Description

Specification

Axle support structure for work equipment

Technical field

The present invention relates to an axle support structure for a working machine.

Background art

In an axle support structure for a working machine such as a combine, an axle is supported by a bearing support provided inside a transmission case or an axle case connected to the mission case. As a structure of a powerful axle support portion, for example, as shown in Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 5-30601, a structure in which oil inside an axle case in a support portion of a traveling axle is supplied as lubricating oil has been proposed. 1). More specifically, both ends of the axle case are sealed to form an oil sump chamber, and the oil in the oil sump chamber is supplied as lubricating oil to a bearing at the outer end.

[0003] As described above, the axle support structure also has an effect of storing oil inside the axle case, which not only supports the traveling axle. Normally, an oil seal is provided at the outer end of the axle case so that oil can be stored inside the axle case and the oil does not leak to the outside.

[0004] On the other hand, by disposing an oil seal at the outer end of the axle case as described above, it is possible to prevent external force, mud, sand, and the like from entering the axle case. However, work machines such as compines are expected to work in workplaces where the ground surface is weak. For this reason, simply arranging an oil seal at the outer end of the axle case is not enough to prevent mud and the like from entering the transmission case.

[0005] From such a viewpoint, a transmission structure of a combine as shown in JP-A-2002-274205 has been proposed. Specifically, even when mud or the like intrudes into the axle case through the suspension mechanism in the riding rice transplanter, a sealing material is interposed between the transmission case and the joint where the axle case is joined. Then, the mud or the like does not enter the mission case.

[0006] However, when the seal material is worn or deteriorated, it is necessary to replace the seal material one by one. However, in the conventional axle support structure of a work machine, when the axle case or axle is removed from the mission case when replacing or attaching the seal material or performing maintenance in other mission cases, the transmission Oil leaks from the case. Therefore, the oil in the transmission case must be drained once from the oil drain provided in the lower part of the transmission case, and the oil must be re-injected into the transmission case during assembly. there were.

[0007] In particular, in the transmission structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-274205, in order to prevent intrusion of mud or the like due to the vertical sliding of the suspension mechanism, a sealing material is interposed at the joint between the mission case and the axle case. Although it is designed to improve the sealing effect against mud, etc., since the lower part of the transmission case is not completely sealed, oil leaks from inside the transmission case when the axle case or axle is removed. There was a problem of doing that.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 5-30601

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-274205

Disclosure of the invention

The present invention relates to an axle support structure for a working machine, which solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides a structure in which oil leaks out even if an axle case or an axle is removed from a transmission case. It is the purpose.

As a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a working machine in which an axle case is connected to a transmission case, an axle is supported by the transmission case and the axle case, and a power transmission body is provided at one end of the axle in the transmission case. In the axle support structure, the axle connection portion of the power transmission body is hermetically sealed, and seal members are provided between the outer end of the axle case and the axle, and between the transmission case and the axle support portion. Things. With this configuration, when replacing the oil seal or performing maintenance on the axle support portion, the oil does not leak out of the transmission case even if the axle or axle case is removed. . During maintenance work, there is no need to drain the oil from the transmission case. In addition, even if the mud or the like enters the axle case according to the situation, the mud or the like is prevented from entering the transmission case. Can be passed.

[0010] As a second aspect of the present invention, the inner ends of the left and right axles may be sealed with the sealing material, or the sealing material and the gear may be integrated. According to such a configuration, even in a case where there is a gap between the left and right axles in a differential mechanism or the like, it is possible to prevent oil from leaking from inside the mission case.

Further, as a third aspect of the present invention, an axle case is connected to the transmission case, an axle is supported by the transmission case and the axle case, and a transmission gear is provided at one end of the axle in the transmission case. In the axle support structure of the working machine to be provided, seals are provided on an axle support portion disposed between the outer end of the axle case and the axle and an axle support portion disposed between the inside of the transmission case and the axle. The bearing is provided with a bearing, and the axle is supported by the bearing with the seal. With this configuration, grease oil can be used instead of putting oil into the axle case, and the axle case can be reduced in weight.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is an overall left side view of a combine provided with an axle support structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of a transmission.

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional developed view of the axle support structure.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional developed view of an axle support structure according to another embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross section of an axle support structure according to another embodiment.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, an overall configuration of a combine according to the present embodiment will be described below. As shown in FIG. 1, in the combine, a crawler-type traveling device 2 is configured on the left and right sides of a track frame 1 and a machine base 3 is installed. At the front end of the machine base 3, a raising and reaping section 8 is provided so as to be able to move up and down. Then, the culm that has been weeded at the tip of the raising section 8 is harvested by a cutting blade 9 disposed below the raising section 8. The grain stalk thus cut is transported to the rear of the combine by the grain stalk transport mechanism 10, and the upper end of the grain stalk transport mechanism 10 is also transferred to the feed chain 5 by the stock root. And transported into the threshing unit 4.

[0014] At the rear end of the feed chain 5, a straw chain 14 is provided. Below the rear part of the straw chain 14, a straw processing unit 13 is formed. The drain tank 15 is disposed on the side of the threshing unit 4, and the sorted fine particles from the threshing unit 4 are carried into the Glen tank 15 through a cap shell (not shown). An operator's cab 18 is disposed in front of the Glen tank 15, and a circular steering handle 19 and an operator's seat 20 are disposed in the operator's cab 18. A vertical auger 17a of the discharge auger 17 is provided upright at the rear of the Glen tank 15, and the grain in the Darren tank 15 is discharged from a tip of the discharge auger 17 to a truck or the like.

[0015] An engine 21 is provided at an upper front portion of the track frame 1. In the combine according to the present embodiment, a transmitter including a hydrostatic stepless transmission (hereinafter abbreviated as “HST”), that is, a traveling HST for a traveling system (not shown) and a turning HST for a pivoting system (not shown). A session is provided. The HST is formed in an HST case 23. The HST case 23 is attached to an upper side surface of the transmission case 22 and is driven by power from the engine 21.

Next, a mechanism for transmitting power from the engine 21 to the axle 26 in the present embodiment will be described in detail below. First, the configuration inside the mission case 22 will be described.

2 and 3, the power from the engine 21 is first transmitted to a bevel gear 63 spline-fitted to a transmission shaft 62. A gear 64 is spline-fitted to the transmission shaft 62, and the gear 64 is always engaged with a gear 67 fitted to the counter shaft 66. A gear 68 is fitted on the counter shaft 66, and the gear 68 is always engaged with an input gear 70 on an input shaft 69 of the traveling HST described later. In addition, an engine radiator and a cooling fan drive boogie 65 are fixed to a projecting portion of the transmission shaft 62 projecting to the side of the transmission case 22.

An HST case 23 is attached above the transmission case 22. In the HST case 23, a traveling hydraulic pump and a traveling hydraulic motor of a traveling HST (not shown) are arranged side by side at the top and bottom, and an input shaft 69 of the traveling hydraulic pump and an output shaft 71 of the traveling hydraulic motor are arranged. The transmission case 22 is axially supported in the left-right axis direction and is arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. The HST case 23 has a swing hydraulic pump for swing HST (not shown) and a swing hydraulic pump (not shown). The swing hydraulic motor and the swing hydraulic motor are vertically arranged side by side. The input shaft of the swing hydraulic pump and the output shaft of the swing hydraulic motor are axially supported in the left-right axial direction of the machine, and are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction. Further, a cutting output shaft 61 is projected to the side of the HST case 23, and the cutting unit 8 is driven via the cutting output shaft 61. As described above, the traveling HST and the turning HST are integrally formed in the single HST case 23, so that the HST itself can be assembled and the HST case 23 can be easily attached to and detached from the transmission case 22. As a result, the maintainability has improved.

Below the input shaft 69 of the traveling HST, the output shaft 71 of the traveling HST is laterally provided as described above, and the subtransmission drive mechanism 60 is configured. That is, a gear 72 is fitted on the output shaft 71, and the gear 72 is formed with low-speed running external teeth 72 a and high-speed running external teeth 72 b, respectively. A sub-transmission drive shaft 73 is provided below the output shaft 71, and a gear 74 and a gear 75 are loosely fitted to the auxiliary transmission drive shaft 73, respectively. The gear 74 and the gear 75 are always engaged with the low-speed running external teeth 72a and the high-speed running external teeth 72b of the gear 72. A transmission gear 77 is fitted to the sub-transmission drive shaft 73, and the transmission gear 77 is always engaged with a gear 79 on a sub-transmission driven shaft 78 provided below the sub-transmission drive shaft 73. .

[0019] A clutch slider 76 that can be engaged with the gear 74 and the gear 75, respectively, is spline-fitted to the auxiliary transmission drive shaft 73 so as to be slidable in the left-right axial direction. The clutch slider 76 is provided with a shift fork (not shown). The shift fork is connected to and linked with a single auxiliary transmission lever (not shown) disposed in the vicinity of the driver's seat 20, and the clutch slider 76 is slid by operating the auxiliary transmission lever. As described above, in the sub-transmission drive mechanism 60, the clutch slider 76 is configured to be engaged with either of the gears 74 and 75, so that the sub-transmission driven shaft 78 can perform two-stage rotational rotation. You get it.

Note that a parking brake mechanism 81 is provided at the left end of the sub-transmission driven shaft 78.

The parking brake mechanism 81 is capable of operating a braking force by a hand brake (not shown). In the parking brake mechanism 81, a pressure plate 82 is rotated through a brake arm (not shown) and a cam shaft connected to and linked to a hand brake. And 2, a thrust to the left in FIG. 2 is generated, and the pressure plate 82 overlaps the friction plate integrally mounted on the auxiliary transmission driven shaft 78 with the friction plate mounted on the transmission case 22 side. The multi-plate friction brake 83 is pressed. By this pressing, a resistance is applied to the sub-transmission driven shaft 78 to generate a parking brake effect.

A transmission shaft 84 is provided horizontally below the sub-transmission driven shaft 78. A transmission gear 85 is fitted to the transmission shaft 84, and the transmission gear 85 is always engaged with a transmission drive output gear 80 fitted to the sub-transmission driven shaft 78. An output gear 86 for transmitting power to the left and right axles 26 is fixed to the transmission shaft 84, and the output gear 86 is combined with the ring gear 29 of the differential mechanism 25.

[0022] The differential mechanism 25 is constituted by a pair of left and right planetary gear mechanisms. Specifically, first, a sun gear shaft 90 is provided horizontally below the transmission shaft 84 and on the same axis as the axle 26, and a sun gear 87 is fixed to the sun gear shaft 90. On the outer periphery of the sun gear 87, a plurality of planetary gears 88 are pivotally supported by the carrier 28 so as to be able to be combined with the sun gear 87, and at the same time, are combined with an internal gear 89 integrally formed with the ring gear 29. ing. The ring gear 29 is supported by a carrier 28 at a bearing portion.

The carrier 28 serves as a power transmission to the axle 26, extends outward from the shaft center to form a boss on the outer periphery of the axle 26, and is inserted and supported by a support portion 22 a formed on the transmission case 22. In addition, a bearing support portion 31 serving as an axle support portion is rotatably fitted inside and supported around the left and right shafts. A retaining ring 32 for fixing the position of the internal gear 89 is fitted on the carrier 28 between a bearing portion of the internal gear 89 and the bearing support portion 31. The axle 26 is removably fitted to an axle fitting portion 28a which is an axle connecting portion of the carrier 28.

A reverse gear 91 is fixed to the sun gear shaft 90 at substantially the center in the left and right directions, and the reverse gear 91 is always engaged with the sun gear 87 of the left and right differential mechanisms 25, respectively. Further, a forward / reverse rotation imparting mechanism (not shown) is configured in the transmission case 22, and power from the engine 21 is transmitted from the turning output shaft of the HST for turning in the HST case 23 through the forward / reverse rotation imparting mechanism. Is transmitted to the reverse gear 91. That is, since the reversing gear 91 is combined with the sun gear 87 that is formed by the pair of left and right planetary gear mechanisms. When the rotation HST controls the forward and reverse rotation directions and the increase / decrease of the number of rotations, the control is applied to the left and right differential mechanisms 25 via the reverse rotation gear 91, respectively.

As described above, the power from the engine 21 is transmitted to the differential mechanism 25 via the traveling HST and the auxiliary transmission drive mechanism 60. The driving force from the engine 21 is also transmitted to the turning HST, and after the turning HST controls the forward and reverse rotation directions and the increase / decrease in the number of rotations, the driving force is transmitted to the HST. It is transmitted to the differential mechanism 25 via the forward / reverse rotation imparting mechanism. In other words, by constantly transmitting the driving force to the driving sprocket 24 of the crawler-type traveling device 2 via the axle 26 interlockingly connected to the differential mechanism 25, the vehicle can travel forward and backward straight, and The turning is enabled by the relative increase / decrease control of the rotation speed with respect to.

Here, the axle support structure according to the present invention will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 3, an axle case 27 is fixed to a lower portion of the transmission case 22 on both left and right sides by bolts 34. Both ends of the axle 26 are supported by outer ends of the axle case 27 via bearing support portions 35 which are axle support portions. The bearing support 35 is fitted on the axle 26 and is fixed to the outer end of the axle case 27 by a force roller 36 formed coaxially with the axle 26 and a retaining ring 37 for fixing the position of the bearing support 35. The position is fixed. The drive sprocket 24 is fixedly mounted on one end of the axle 26 by a nut 38. Thus, the axle 26 fitted to the carrier 28 is supported in the horizontal axis direction by the bearing support 31 of the transmission case 22 and the bearing support 35 of the axle case. Note that, inside the axle 26, an air vent passage 26a for discharging air mixed into the fitting portion of the axle 26 from the fitting portion is formed.

At the outer end of the axle case 27, an oil seal 39 as a sealing material is provided outside the bearing support portion 35 so as to completely seal the gap between the axle 26 and the axle case 27. Is interposed. The combine in the present embodiment is also performed in a work place where the ground surface is muddy, etc., and by arranging the oil seal 39, the contact between the axle case 27 and the drive sprocket 24 can be performed. This prevents mud and water from entering the axle case 27. [0028] In the axle case 27, oil supplied as lubricating oil is stored. The oil is supplied through an oil hole 42 formed in one side surface of the axle case 27. When oil is poured into the axle case 27, wear of the axle splines can be prevented, and even if the oil seal 39 at the outer end is broken, it can be found from outside the axle case 27. It becomes easy.

[0029] Inside the transmission case 22, as a sealing means for sealing the lower portion of the transmission case in an oil-tight manner, in the vicinity of the joint between the transmission case 22 and the axle case 27, specifically, the bearing support portion An oil seal 40 as a sealing material is interposed outside the transmission case 31 so as to completely seal the gap between the transmission case 22 and the carrier 28. Further, inside the axle fitting portion 28a, which is the axle connecting portion of the carrier 28, a cap-shaped sealing material 41 is mounted inside the axle fitting portion 28a, and the outer periphery of the sealing material 41 and the axle are connected. An O-ring or the like is interposed between the inside of the fitting portion 28a.

The sun gear shaft 90 is inserted from the inside of the transmission case 22 of the carrier 28, and the sun gear 87, the reverse gear 91, and the bearing portion 92 are inserted into the sun gear shaft 90 as described above. Is equipped. The sun gear shaft 90 is formed so as to narrow the left and right carriers 28. Therefore, when the oil seal 39 or the like that prevents oil from leaking from the transmission case 22 through the bearing provided on the sun gear shaft 90 is replaced, and maintenance is performed on the axle support portion, the axle 26 and the Oil does not leak from inside the transmission case 22 even when the axle case 27 is removed. In addition, the axle case 26 and the axle case 27 can be attached and detached without removing the oil in the mission case 22.

[0031] By providing an oil seal 40 and a sealing material 41 in addition to the above-described axle support structure, the lower end of the transmission case 22 is hermetically sealed from the outside in an oil-tight manner. Oil does not leak out of the transmission case 22 through the gap between the carrier 22 and the axle fitting portion 28a.

The oil seal 39 cannot completely prevent the mud or the like from entering the axle case 27. If it gets into the mud etc. mission case 22, it will lead to wear and breakage of gears and the like. In this embodiment, the transmission case 22 Since the axle support portion is sealed by the oil seal 40 and the sealing material 41, even if the mud or the like enters the axle case 27 as occasion demands, the mud does not reach into the transmission case 22. And the like can be prevented from being mixed.

[0033] In the power transmission mechanism of the engine 21 in the present embodiment, the transmission is not limited to the above-mentioned HST, and the transmission is not limited to the HST. It ’s a transmission. Further, as will be described later, a hydraulic transmission and a hydraulic steering clutch may be provided.

Next, another embodiment of the axle support structure according to the present invention will be described below.

As described above, the present invention is not limited to a differential mechanism having a pair of left and right planetary gear mechanisms, and can be applied to an axle support structure of a working machine employing a side clutch / brake transmission.

As shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a hydraulic transmission mechanism (not shown) is supported in the transmission case 22 at a central portion in the forward direction, and the power of the engine 21 is transmitted via the hydraulic transmission mechanism. Is transmitted to the driven gear 45. The driven gear 45 is fixed on the same axis as the operation shaft 47 of the differential mechanism 46. A side gear 48 and a side brake mechanism 49 are disposed on the operation shaft 47, and the side gear 48 can be combined with a final reduction gear 50 described later.

[0035] The final reduction gear 50 is rotatably fitted inside a support portion 22a formed in the transmission case 22 so as to be rotatable about the left and right axis of the transmission case 22 by a bearing support portion 51 as an axle support portion. . A retaining ring 52 for fixing the position of the final reduction gear 50 is fitted with a bearing support portion 51 of the final reduction gear 50 therebetween. Further, the axle 26 is removably fitted to an axle fitting portion 50a as an axle connecting portion.

[0036] At the outer end of the axle case 27, a sealing means for oil-tightly sealing the lower part of the transmission case 22 is provided on the axle 26 outside the bearing support portion 35 and on the axle 26. An oil seal 39 is interposed to completely close the gap between the axle case 27 and the axle case 27. On the other hand, inside the transmission case 22, an oil seal 53 is provided outside the bearing support 51 so as to completely seal the gap between the transmission case 22 and the final reduction gear 50. It is interposed. In addition, Inside the axle fitting portion 50a of the final reduction gear 50, a seal member 41 is mounted inside the inner end of the axle 26 so as to seal the inside of the axle fitting portion 50a. By fitting the sealing material 41, oil in the transmission case 22 is prevented from leaking outside through the through hole 50b.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, as a sealing means for sealing the lower portion of the transmission case 22 in an oil-tight manner, a through hole 50 b in the final reduction gear 50 in a direction opposite to the direction in which the axle 26 passes. The sealing material 41 can be fitted to the fin and fixed to the outside with a lid 55. The lid 55 may be made of an iron plate, and the outer periphery of the lid 55 fitted to the final reduction gear 50 may be subjected to beam welding or the like, so that the lid 55 and the final reduction gear 50 may be integrated. In such a case, the oil tightness inside the transmission case 3 can be further improved. Even if mud or the like enters the axle case 27, it is possible to prevent the mud or the like from entering the transmission case 22 through the through hole 50b of the final reduction gear 50. It is.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, between the left and right final reduction gears 50, a sealing material 56 formed in a cylindrical shape such that the inner diameter is equal to or larger than the inner diameter of the through hole 50b. However, it is narrowly provided so as to seal the through hole 50b. A seal member 57 is fitted to the final reduction gear 50 so as to protrude through the through hole 50b into the transmission case 22, and the protrusion of the seal member 57 and the seal member 56 are fitted. It is. With such a configuration, the oil in the transmission case 22 is prevented from leaking to the outside via the through hole 50b (the axle connecting portion). Furthermore, the through hole 50b can be kept closed even if there is a difference between the rotational speeds of the left and right axles via the differential mechanism 46.

In the axle support structure of the working machine according to the present embodiment, the lid 55 and the scenery member 57 may be formed integrally with the final reduction gear 50. Specifically, even if the axle connection portion where the spline boss is formed is directly beam-welded to the side surface of the final reduction gear 50 without providing an axle hole, the axle connection portion can be oil-tightly sealed. Good.

In the above-described embodiment, the bearings 31 and 51 in the transmission case 22 and the bearing support 35 in the axle case 27 are provided with sealed bearings. May be used. When the bearing with the seal is used, the bearing portion of the bearing support portion 35 does not need to be lubricated. In addition, instead of supplying the oil into the axle case 27, the axle case is completed by using grease oil. This is particularly effective in that the weight of the case 27 can be reduced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] An axle case is connected to a transmission case, an axle is supported by the transmission case and the axle case, and a power transmission is provided at one end of the axle in the transmission case. In addition to sealing the axle connection part of the transmission, sealing materials are arranged between the outer end of the axle case and the axle, and between the transmission case and the axle support part, respectively. Axle support structure for working machine.

2. The axle support structure for a working machine according to claim 1, wherein the inner ends of the left and right axles are sealed with the sealing material or by integrating the sealing material and a gear.

[3] The axle case of the working machine, wherein an axle case is connected to the transmission case, an axle is supported by the transmission case and the axle case, and a transmission gear is provided at one end of the axle in the transmission case. An axle support portion provided between the outer end portion and the axle, and an axle support portion provided between the inside of the transmission case and the axle are provided with sealed bearings. An axle support structure for a working machine characterized by supporting an axle.