WO2004094754A1 - Variables pneumatisches bauelement - Google Patents
Variables pneumatisches bauelement Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004094754A1 WO2004094754A1 PCT/CH2004/000155 CH2004000155W WO2004094754A1 WO 2004094754 A1 WO2004094754 A1 WO 2004094754A1 CH 2004000155 W CH2004000155 W CH 2004000155W WO 2004094754 A1 WO2004094754 A1 WO 2004094754A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- length
- hollow body
- component according
- pneumatic
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to means for changing the operating parameters in a pneumatic component according to the preamble of claim 1.
- Such pneumatic components also called components below, are known per se, for example from WO 01/73245 (DI).
- the component consists of a textile-reinforced, flexible, gas-tight hollow body, for example.
- On the outside at least one pressure rod running along a surface line is arranged on the outside in such a way that it cannot buckle.
- two tension elements are attached, which loop around the essentially tubular hollow body in the opposite direction of screwing and cross each other on a surface line of the hollow body, which lies opposite that of the pressure rod, over half the length of the hollow body.
- the places where the compression rod is connected to the tension elements are nodes, into which the contact forces are also introduced. This means that no bending moments are introduced into the pneumatic component except for those that result from the payload - and the weight - of the component.
- Means for changing the operating parameters of such components are also already known from CH patent application CH 2003 0494/03 (D2).
- the component disclosed in Dl has various disadvantages that manifest themselves during operation: the component or a combination of several components is pressurized with compressed air during assembly via one or more valves and then maintains the pressurized amount of compressed air.
- the three main operating parameters of the element viewed in isolation from external loads, are the pressure in the hollow body, the tensile stress in the tensile elements and the compressive stress in the compression rod. They are defined by the geometry of the individual parts and by the initially selected operating pressure in the hollow body. With the exception of the pressure in the hollow bodies, as long as it is regulated via valves and pressure lines during the entire operation, the sizes remain essentially unchanged when the component is unloaded and cannot be adapted to special operating conditions.
- the means for electrical variation of the operating parameters disclosed in D2 consist of a device for electrothermally fluid-reinforced change of hollow body overpressure and the use of electroactive materials to increase and decrease the tension and compression element tension or its length.
- the object of the present invention is to provide pneumatic components with tension and compression elements, the operating parameters of which hollow body overpressure and tension and compression element tension can be varied, controlled and regulated either individually or simultaneously using proven pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical means.
- Such a control device is very advantageous, for example to compensate for pressure changes caused by temperature fluctuations; it enables automatic safety, energy and shape control of components and turns the component into an intelligent, adaptive structure that can be meaningfully adapted to the changing circumstances due to changing operating parameters.
- the most urgent need for regulation is therefore with the parameter hollow body pressure, in particular because, as the pressure increases, the tension in the tension elements and thus also in the compression rod is increased.
- the ideal gas law there are basically three options for regulating the pressure: changing the volume, changing the amount of gas and changing the temperature.
- the last option plays a role, for example, in an application in space where no atmospheric gas is available to act on the hollow body and where the temperature can be regulated with more or less shading of the hollow body and thus solar energy can be used for heating. In most other cases it is easier and cheaper to regulate the pressure by changing the amount of gas. This is all the more true since the pressures in the pneumatic components are not very high ( ⁇ lbar), which keeps the energy required for the compression of the air low.
- the hollow body internal pressure can be kept in the selected pressure range by means of control and regulating electronics in connection with a pressure sensor. If the pressure sensor connected to the control electronics reports that the selected maximum hollow body pressure has been exceeded, the control electronics opens a discharge valve and allows enough compressed air to escape from the hollow body until the pressure is again within the selected pressure range. If the selected minimum pressure is undershot, additional compressed air is applied to the hollow body at the instigation of the control electronics. This compressed air is provided, for example, by a pressure accumulator or directly by a compressor. According to the invention is also the addition of the control electronics described above with at least one temperature sensor mounted in or on the component.
- FIG. 1 shows an isometric view of a pneumatic component according to the prior art
- FIGS. 2a, b, c are schematic representations of a first embodiment of an actuator unit for overcoming longer travel ranges
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic illustration of a second exemplary embodiment with a variable tension element length
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a third exemplary embodiment with a variable printing rod length
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a fourth
- Embodiment of an actuator unit with force reversal Embodiment of an actuator unit with force reversal.
- FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a pneumatic component according to the prior art. It is constructed from an essentially cylindrical, gas-tight hollow body 1 of length L, diameter D and with two caps 5. A pressure rod 2 is clamped between two node elements 3. Two tension elements 4 are also fastened to this, which are guided around the hollow body 1 in opposite screwing directions and bear tightly against the latter. The tension elements 4 cross each other on a surface line 6, which runs opposite the pressure rod 2, on half the length of the cylindrical hollow body 1 at an intersection 7.
- FIGS. 2 and 5 show actuator units 12 for changing the lengths of the tension elements or the compression rod.
- Possible actuators 11 for generating voltage are either directly or as part of an actuator unit 12 for generating compressive stress:
- Pressure bubble on pressure A flexible, tight envelope lies between two stops and pushes them apart as soon as they are pressurized with a fluid.
- Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders.
- Pneumatic artificial muscle e.g. McKibben muscle - implementation of a rotation by means of a rope or chain drive.
- a compressive force can also be generated with each pull actuator by means of a suitable mechanical force conversion and vice versa. This can be done, for example, by overlapping the two connections 8, 9 which are moved relative to one another, as a result of which a divergent movement - the two outer ends of the actuator 11 move away from one another - converges - the two connections 8, 9 of the actuator unit 12 approach each other , How this can be solved in detail is known to any person skilled in the art.
- FIGS. 2a to 2c are schematic representations of a linear actuator unit 12 with two locking units 10a, b an actual linear actuator 11 with a maximum actuating travel A £ and two connections 8, 9, which transmit the movement of the actuator 11.
- Very small travel ranges of linear actuators 11 can be used in this way for larger movements.
- the combination of locking and actuator movement enables the limited, maximum travel of any linear actuator 11 can be added to long total travel. This works analogously to the principle of locomotion of a caterpillar:
- 2a shows the actuator unit 12 in the starting position. Both ends of the actuator 11 are detachably fixed to the connection 8 by means of the locking units 10a, b.
- the fixation can, to name two specific examples, be carried out by means of clamping devices or, if a toothed rack is attached to the connection 8, by means of braked gears. Other possibilities are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the locking unit 10a is released and the actuator 11 is extended to its maximum length, as shown in FIG. 2b.
- the locking unit 10a is then fixed at the new location on the connection 8 and then the locking unit 10b is released.
- 2c shows the actuator unit 12 after the actuator 11 has been shortened again to its minimum length.
- the locking unit 10b can now also be fixed again.
- the actuator unit 12 has been shortened by the length AI and is ready for a further step. Control electronics and at least one sensor for determining the relative position of the connection 8 with respect to the connection 9 are provided for controlling this process.
- a first possibility for extending the pressure rod 2, or the length between the two node elements 3, is to leave the pressure rod 2 unchanged per se, but to move a node element 3 along the pressure rod 2 and thus increase the effective length between the nodes 3 vary.
- the node 3 can be displaced by means of a toothed rack, a screw drive or also by means of a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder.
- a second possibility, illustrated in FIG. 4, consists in making the pressure rod 2 itself variable in length.
- it is divided into at least two parts, for example, and these two parts can be displaced in the axial direction by means of an actuator 11 or an actuator unit 12.
- the nodes 3 are each non-positively connected to one of the pressure rod parts.
- the actuator or an actuator unit 12 is attached directly to the node element 3. If the actuator 11 is attached between a node 3 and one end of the pressure rod 2, the pressure rod 2 need not be made in two parts.
- the dashed line represents the actuator 11, which is extended by a maximum of AI.
- the compression rod 2 itself as an actuator 11, for example as a cylinder-piston arrangement, as a rack and pinion combination or as a screw drive.
- actuator 11 for example as a cylinder-piston arrangement, as a rack and pinion combination or as a screw drive.
- Many other designs and actuator arrangements are possible for changing the length of the pressure rod 2 and it is up to the person skilled in the art to use suitable means.
- Fig. 3 shows an example of the variation of the tension elements.
- the tension on the at least two tension elements 4 should be the same. This must be taken into account for the arrangement of the actuators 11. Either an actuator 11 is attached for each tension element 4 or - more simply and as shown in FIG. 3 - the tension elements 4 are bundled shortly before the node 3 and varied in the same direction with a single actuator 11 or an actuator unit 12.
- the introduction of force of the tension elements 4 into the node 3 is slightly falsified, but this is not a problem in the case of relatively small actuator dimensions (see the above information on the expansion only in the range of parts per thousand).
- the tension elements 4 and actuator 11 shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3 show the state of the exemplary embodiment with a maximum shortening of the actuator 11 by the length At.
- the same tension or length sensors have the same.
- the sensors measure the voltage state of the component at any time, determined by external factors such as loads or temperature, while the actuators interact with a programmable elec- tronic circuit allow a targeted adjustment of this state.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Actuator (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP04720835A EP1616067A1 (de) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-03-16 | Variables pneumatisches bauelement |
US10/554,192 US20060249954A1 (en) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-03-16 | Variable pneumatic structural element |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH7222003 | 2003-04-23 | ||
CH722/03 | 2003-04-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004094754A1 true WO2004094754A1 (de) | 2004-11-04 |
Family
ID=33304426
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH2004/000155 WO2004094754A1 (de) | 2003-04-23 | 2004-03-16 | Variables pneumatisches bauelement |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060249954A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1616067A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2004094754A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITUB20153899A1 (it) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-25 | Univ Degli Studi Roma La Sapienza | Struttura tensairity con funi a memoria di forma. |
DE102018214399A1 (de) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-02-27 | Sitech Sitztechnik Gmbh | Verstellelement für einen Fahrzeugsitz |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2341017A1 (fr) * | 1976-02-11 | 1977-09-09 | Potocki Adam | Charpente gonflable et structure gonflable en comportant application |
WO2001073245A1 (de) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Mauro Pedretti | Pneumatisches bauelement |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5539942A (en) * | 1993-12-17 | 1996-07-30 | Melou; Yves | Continuous airflow patient support with automatic pressure adjustment |
EP1606477A1 (de) * | 2003-03-21 | 2005-12-21 | Prospective Concepts AG | Elektrisch variables pneumatisches bauelement |
-
2004
- 2004-03-16 EP EP04720835A patent/EP1616067A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-03-16 WO PCT/CH2004/000155 patent/WO2004094754A1/de active Application Filing
- 2004-03-16 US US10/554,192 patent/US20060249954A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2341017A1 (fr) * | 1976-02-11 | 1977-09-09 | Potocki Adam | Charpente gonflable et structure gonflable en comportant application |
WO2001073245A1 (de) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-10-04 | Mauro Pedretti | Pneumatisches bauelement |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1616067A1 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITUB20153899A1 (it) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-25 | Univ Degli Studi Roma La Sapienza | Struttura tensairity con funi a memoria di forma. |
WO2017051440A1 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | Universita' Degli Studi Di Roma "La Sapienza" | Tensairity structure with shape-memory wire ropes |
CN108350702A (zh) * | 2015-09-25 | 2018-07-31 | 罗马大学 | 具有形状记忆丝绳索的气撑式张弦结构 |
US10407939B2 (en) | 2015-09-25 | 2019-09-10 | Universita' Degli Studi Di Roma “La Sapienza” | Tensairity structure with shape-memory wire ropes |
DE102018214399A1 (de) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-02-27 | Sitech Sitztechnik Gmbh | Verstellelement für einen Fahrzeugsitz |
WO2020043636A1 (de) | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Verstellelement für einen fahrzeugsitz |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060249954A1 (en) | 2006-11-09 |
EP1616067A1 (de) | 2006-01-18 |
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