WO2004094561A1 - Systeme de reduction de pneus usages - Google Patents

Systeme de reduction de pneus usages Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004094561A1
WO2004094561A1 PCT/IB2004/050505 IB2004050505W WO2004094561A1 WO 2004094561 A1 WO2004094561 A1 WO 2004094561A1 IB 2004050505 W IB2004050505 W IB 2004050505W WO 2004094561 A1 WO2004094561 A1 WO 2004094561A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vessel
arrangement
condenser
oil
rubber tyres
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2004/050505
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
John Lindsay Dinnematin
Original Assignee
Tyre Reduction Services (Pty) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tyre Reduction Services (Pty) Ltd filed Critical Tyre Reduction Services (Pty) Ltd
Publication of WO2004094561A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004094561A1/en

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/02—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal by distillation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/143—Feedstock the feedstock being recycled material, e.g. plastics

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a tyre reduction arrangement.
  • the invention relates to a tyre reduction arrangement for the decomposition of old or used tyres that have been discarded.
  • tyres as a combustible fuel in the place of fossil fuels. This also has limited commercial usage as in many cases the cost of breaking the tyres into suitably small chips for burning is normally higher than the cost of purchasing the fossil fuels.
  • a further solution to the tyre pollution problem is to reduce the tyres into their constituent parts and to regain the commercially valuable oils.
  • the effectiveness of this solution is hampered in that the effectiveness of the reduction and the quality of the end product does not always make it viable.
  • a tyre reduction arrangement includes a vessel being adapted to receive a volume of rubber tyres; heating means for melting and vaporising the rubber tyres; a condenser being adapted to receive and condense a distillate from the vessel; and a container being adapted to receive a condensate from the condenser.
  • the condensate may be an oil or an oil mixture.
  • the arrangement may include a reflux conduit terminating in an oil inlet leading into the vessel for recycling a part of the condensate.
  • the vessel may have an inlet opening allowing charging the vessel with a volume of rubber tyres.
  • the vessel may have a conical base wall.
  • the vessel may have a waste outlet in the base wall leading into a waste tank.
  • the waste outlet may be closed by a valve, such as a knife gate valve.
  • the waste tank may be provided with a water-cooled cooling jacket.
  • the heating means may be a heating jacket located around the vessel.
  • the heating jacket may circulate heated air.
  • the heating jacket may include a plate spirally wound around the vessel and being adapted to distribute the heated air.
  • the condenser may be operatively joined to the vessel by a distillate conduit.
  • the condenser may be air-cooled.
  • the condenser may be adapted to discharge non-condensed vapours to a neutralizing scrubber.
  • the arrangement may include a vacuum pump being in communication with the vessel and being adapted to draw a vacuum in the vessel and the condenser.
  • the arrangement may includes a number of temperature probes being adapted to assist in regulating the reduction process.
  • the arrangement may include a conveyor belt for inserting the volume of rubber tyres into the vessel.
  • the arrangement may include a crusher being adapted to break the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
  • the vessel may be manufactured from steel, such as stainless steel.
  • a tyre reduction method includes the steps of inserting a volume of rubber tyres into a vessel; of heating the rubber tyres so that they melt and are vaporised; of removing a distillate from the vessel; of condensing the distillate into an oil; and of discharging the oil into a container.
  • the method may include the step of breaking the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
  • the method may include the step inserting an oil into the vessel to submerge the rubber tyres.
  • the method may include the step of drawing a vacuum in the vessel.
  • the method may include the step of discharging any non-condensed vapours from the condenser into a neutralizing scrubber.
  • the method may include the step of recycling some of the condensed oil from the containers to the vessel to maintain the reduction process.
  • the method may include the step of discharging waste material from the vessel into a waste tank after the reduction process is completed.
  • the waste material may be carbon black.
  • the method may include the step of regulating the extent of the reduction process by the temperature probes.
  • the arrangement 10 includes a vessel 12 having side walls 14, a conical base wall 16 and a top wall 18.
  • the top wall 18 is provided with an inlet opening 20, closable by a lid 22, and a distillate conduit 24.
  • the base wall 16 is provided with an oil inlet 26 and a waste outlet 28, which leads into a waste tank or knock-out pot 30.
  • the waste outlet 28 is closed by a valve, such as a knife gate valve 32.
  • the side walls 14 of the vessel 12 are enclosed by a heating jacket 34, through which heated air is circulated.
  • the heating jacket 34 can include a plate spirally wrapped around the vessel 12 to evenly distribute the heated air.
  • the air is heated in a furnace 36, e.g. an oil fired burner, and circulated by a fan 38.
  • a flue gas stack 40 is joined to the heating jacket 34.
  • the distillate conduit 24 leads to an air cooled condenser 42, which is joined to one or more oil receiving containers 44 at its lower end and to a vacuum pump 46 at it upper end.
  • the vacuum pump 46 leads to a neutralizing scrubber 48.
  • a return or reflux conduit 50 leads from the container 44 into the oil inlet 26.
  • the waste tank 30 is provided with a water-cooled cooling jacket 52.
  • the tyre reduction arrangement 10 includes a number of temperature probes 54.1,54.2,54.3, which are respectively located in the base wall 16, the heating jacket 34 and the distillate conduit 24.
  • old or used tyres are broken down, such as in a crusher, to form tyre chips, which are then inserted into the vessel 12 in a batch process through the inlet opening 20. Waste oil is then fed into the vessel 12 through the oil inlet 26 so that the tyre chips are submerged and the vessel 12 is sealed.
  • distillate conduit 24 and condenser 42 After drawing a vacuum in the vessel 12, distillate conduit 24 and condenser 42 by the vacuum pump 46, the vessel 12 is heated by the heating jacket 34 to melt and boil the oil and tyre chips.
  • the distillate exits the vessel 12 through the distillate conduit 24 and is condensed into oil in the condenser 42, which then runs into the oil receiving containers 44.
  • the non-condensed vapours are discharged from the condenser 42 into the neutralising scrubber 48. Some oil can be recycled from the oil receiving containers 44 to the vessel 12 to maintain the reduction process.
  • valve 32 is opened and the carbon black drops under gravity into the waste tank 30 and cooled for further treatment in another plant or discarded.
  • the extent of the reduction process and completion of the process are regulated and determined by the temperature probes 54.1,54.2,54.3.
  • the tyre reduction arrangement 10 can include a conveyor belt for inserting feed tyre chips into the vessel 12.
  • the vessel 12 can be manufactured from steel, such as stainless steel.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de réduction de pneus usagés (10), comportant une cuve (12) apte à recevoir un volume de pneus en caoutchouc; des moyens de chauffage (34) permettant la fusion et la vaporisation des pneus contenus dans la cuve; un condenseur (42) apte à recevoir et condenser un distillat provenant de la cuve; un récipient (44) apte à recevoir un condensat en provenance du condenseur. L'invention concerne également un procédé de réduction de pneus usagés, consistant à introduire un volume de pneus dans une cuve; à chauffer les pneus de manière à permettre leur fusion et leur vaporisation; à éliminer le distillat contenu dans la cuve; à condenser le distillat pour obtenir une huile et à évacuer cette huile dans un récipient.

Description

TYRE REDUCTION ARRANGEMENT
FIELD OF INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tyre reduction arrangement.
More particularly, the invention relates to a tyre reduction arrangement for the decomposition of old or used tyres that have been discarded.
BACKGROUND TO INVENTION
A large number of rubber tyres are used in the motor vehicle industry. These tyres are discarded with old vehicles or replaced when the tyres are worn down and are no longer roadworthy. It is estimated that over 200 million motor vehicle tyres are discarded annually in the USA alone.
Although many of the tyres are buried in landfill sites, this is environmentally unfriendly as they take a relatively long time to decompose. Other uses for the tyres have been implemented, for example such as making shoe soles for hiking boots or swings for children. However, these to not deplete the volume of tyres sufficiently.
Other uses include using the tyres as a combustible fuel in the place of fossil fuels. This also has limited commercial usage as in many cases the cost of breaking the tyres into suitably small chips for burning is normally higher than the cost of purchasing the fossil fuels.
A further solution to the tyre pollution problem is to reduce the tyres into their constituent parts and to regain the commercially valuable oils. The effectiveness of this solution is hampered in that the effectiveness of the reduction and the quality of the end product does not always make it viable.
It is an object of the invention to suggest a tyre reduction arrangement, which will assist in overcoming these problems. SUMMARY OF INVENTION
According to the invention, a tyre reduction arrangement includes a vessel being adapted to receive a volume of rubber tyres; heating means for melting and vaporising the rubber tyres; a condenser being adapted to receive and condense a distillate from the vessel; and a container being adapted to receive a condensate from the condenser.
The condensate may be an oil or an oil mixture.
The arrangement may include a reflux conduit terminating in an oil inlet leading into the vessel for recycling a part of the condensate.
The vessel may have an inlet opening allowing charging the vessel with a volume of rubber tyres.
The vessel may have a conical base wall.
The vessel may have a waste outlet in the base wall leading into a waste tank.
The waste outlet may be closed by a valve, such as a knife gate valve.
The waste tank may be provided with a water-cooled cooling jacket.
The heating means may be a heating jacket located around the vessel.
The heating jacket may circulate heated air.
The heating jacket may include a plate spirally wound around the vessel and being adapted to distribute the heated air.
The condenser may be operatively joined to the vessel by a distillate conduit.
The condenser may be air-cooled.
The condenser may be adapted to discharge non-condensed vapours to a neutralizing scrubber. The arrangement may include a vacuum pump being in communication with the vessel and being adapted to draw a vacuum in the vessel and the condenser.
The arrangement may includes a number of temperature probes being adapted to assist in regulating the reduction process.
The arrangement may include a conveyor belt for inserting the volume of rubber tyres into the vessel.
The arrangement may include a crusher being adapted to break the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
The vessel may be manufactured from steel, such as stainless steel.
Also according to the invention, a tyre reduction method includes the steps of inserting a volume of rubber tyres into a vessel; of heating the rubber tyres so that they melt and are vaporised; of removing a distillate from the vessel; of condensing the distillate into an oil; and of discharging the oil into a container.
The method may include the step of breaking the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
The method may include the step inserting an oil into the vessel to submerge the rubber tyres.
The method may include the step of drawing a vacuum in the vessel.
The method may include the step of discharging any non-condensed vapours from the condenser into a neutralizing scrubber.
The method may include the step of recycling some of the condensed oil from the containers to the vessel to maintain the reduction process.
The method may include the step of discharging waste material from the vessel into a waste tank after the reduction process is completed. The waste material may be carbon black.
The method may include the step of regulating the extent of the reduction process by the temperature probes.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawing.
In the drawing there is shown a layout of a tyre reduction arrangement in accordance with the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING
Referring to the drawing, a tyre reduction arrangement in accordance with the invention, generally indicated by reference numeral 10, is shown. The arrangement 10 includes a vessel 12 having side walls 14, a conical base wall 16 and a top wall 18. The top wall 18 is provided with an inlet opening 20, closable by a lid 22, and a distillate conduit 24. The base wall 16 is provided with an oil inlet 26 and a waste outlet 28, which leads into a waste tank or knock-out pot 30. The waste outlet 28 is closed by a valve, such as a knife gate valve 32.
The side walls 14 of the vessel 12 are enclosed by a heating jacket 34, through which heated air is circulated. Although not shown, the heating jacket 34 can include a plate spirally wrapped around the vessel 12 to evenly distribute the heated air. The air is heated in a furnace 36, e.g. an oil fired burner, and circulated by a fan 38. A flue gas stack 40 is joined to the heating jacket 34.
The distillate conduit 24 leads to an air cooled condenser 42, which is joined to one or more oil receiving containers 44 at its lower end and to a vacuum pump 46 at it upper end. The vacuum pump 46 leads to a neutralizing scrubber 48. A return or reflux conduit 50 leads from the container 44 into the oil inlet 26.
The waste tank 30 is provided with a water-cooled cooling jacket 52. The tyre reduction arrangement 10 includes a number of temperature probes 54.1,54.2,54.3, which are respectively located in the base wall 16, the heating jacket 34 and the distillate conduit 24.
During use, old or used tyres are broken down, such as in a crusher, to form tyre chips, which are then inserted into the vessel 12 in a batch process through the inlet opening 20. Waste oil is then fed into the vessel 12 through the oil inlet 26 so that the tyre chips are submerged and the vessel 12 is sealed.
After drawing a vacuum in the vessel 12, distillate conduit 24 and condenser 42 by the vacuum pump 46, the vessel 12 is heated by the heating jacket 34 to melt and boil the oil and tyre chips. The distillate exits the vessel 12 through the distillate conduit 24 and is condensed into oil in the condenser 42, which then runs into the oil receiving containers 44. The non-condensed vapours are discharged from the condenser 42 into the neutralising scrubber 48. Some oil can be recycled from the oil receiving containers 44 to the vessel 12 to maintain the reduction process.
Once the reduction is completed and all the volatile oils have been drawn out from the vessel 12 so that only carbon black remains, the valve 32 is opened and the carbon black drops under gravity into the waste tank 30 and cooled for further treatment in another plant or discarded. The extent of the reduction process and completion of the process are regulated and determined by the temperature probes 54.1,54.2,54.3.
The tyre reduction arrangement 10 can include a conveyor belt for inserting feed tyre chips into the vessel 12.
The vessel 12 can be manufactured from steel, such as stainless steel.

Claims

PATENT CLAIMS
1. A tyre reduction arrangement, which includes
(a) a vessel being adapted to receive a volume of rubber tyres;
(b) heating means for melting and vaporising rubber tyres contained in the vessel;
(c) a condenser being adapted to receive and condense a distillate from the vessel; and
(d) a container being adapted to receive a condensate from the condenser.
2. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1, in which the condensate is an oil or an oil mixture.
3. An arrangement as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, which includes a reflux conduit terminating in an oil inlet leading into the vessel for recycling a part of the condensate.
4. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the vessel has an inlet opening allowing charging the vessel with a volume of rubber tyres.
5. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the vessel has a conical base wall.
6. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the vessel has a waste outlet leading into a waste tank.
7. An arrangement as claimed in claim 6, in which the waste outlet is closable by means of a valve, such as a knife gate valve.
8. An arrangement as claimed in claim 6 or claim 7, in which the waste tank is provided with a water-cooled cooling jacket.
9. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the heating means includes a heating jacket located around the vessel.
5 10. An arrangement as claimed in claim 9, in which the heating jacket is adapted to circulate heated air.
11. An arrangement as claimed in claim 10, in which the heating jacket includes a plate spirally wound around the vessel and being adapted to distribute the heated air.
lo 12. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the condenser is operatively joined to the vessel by a distillate conduit.
13. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the condenser is adapted to be air-cooled.
14. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which is the condenser is adapted to discharge non-condensed vapours to a neutralizing scrubber.
15. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a vacuum pump being in communication with the vessel and being adapted to draw a vacuum in the vessel and the condenser.
20 16. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a number of temperature probes being adapted to assist in regulating the reduction process.
17. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a conveyor belt for inserting rubber tyres into the vessel.
18. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, which includes a crusher being adapted to break the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
19. An arrangement as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, in which the vessel is manufactured from steel, such as stainless steel.
20. A tyre reduction method, which includes the steps
(a) of inserting a volume of rubber tyres into a vessel;
(b) of heating the rubber tyres so that they melt and are vaporised;
(c) of removing a distillate from the vessel;
(d) of condensing the distillate into an oil; and
(e) of discharging the oil into a container.
21. A method as claimed in claim 20, which includes the step of breaking the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel.
22. A method as claimed in claim 20 or claim 21, which includes the step of inserting an oil into the vessel to submerge the rubber tyres.
23. A method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 22, which includes the step of drawing a vacuum in the vessel.
24. A method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 23, which includes the step of discharging any non-condensed vapours from the condenser into a neutralizing scrubber.
25. A method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 24, which includes the step of recycling some of the condensed oil from the containers to the vessel to maintain the reduction process.
26. A method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 25, which includes the step of discharging waste material from the vessel into a waste tank after the reduction process is completed.
27. A method as claimed in claim 26, in which the waste material is carbon black.
28. A method as claimed in any one of claims 20 to 27, which includes the step of regulating the extent of the reduction process by the temperature probes.
29. A tyre reduction arrangement, which includes
(a) a vessel being adapted to receive a volume of rubber tyres and provided with an inlet opening allowing charging the vessel with a volume of rubber tyres and provided with a conical base wall and provided with a waste outlet leading into a waste tank having a water-cooled cooling jacket;
(b) a crusher being adapted to break the rubber tyres into chips before being inserted into the vessel;
(c) heating means for melting and vaporising rubber tyres contained in the vessel and which includes a heating jacket located around the vessel and which is adapted to circulate heated air;
(d) a condenser being adapted to receive and condense a distillate from the vessel and which is operatively joined to the vessel by a distillate conduit and which is adapted to be air-cooled;
(e) a container being adapted to receive a condensate being oil or an oil mixture from the condenser;
(f) a reflux conduit terminating in an oil inlet leading into the vessel for recycling a part of the condensate; (g) a vacuum pump being in communication with the vessel and being adapted to draw a vacuum in the vessel and the condenser
30. A tyre reduction method, which includes the steps
(a) of breaking the rubber tyres into chips
(b) of inserting the rubber tyres chips into a vessel;
(c) of inserting an oil into the vessel to submerge the rubber tyres;
(d) of heating the rubber tyres so that they melt and are vaporised;
(e) of drawing a vacuum in the vessel;
(f) of removing a distillate from the vessel;
(g) of condensing the distillate into an oil in a condenser;
(h) of discharging any non-condensed vapours from the condenser into a neutralizing scrubber;
(i) of discharging the oil into a container;
(j) of recycling some of the condensed oil from the containers to the vessel to maintain the reduction process; and
(k) of discharging waste material from the vessel into a waste tank after the reduction process is completed.
PCT/IB2004/050505 2003-04-23 2004-04-23 Systeme de reduction de pneus usages WO2004094561A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2003/3317 2003-04-23
ZA200303317 2003-04-23

Publications (1)

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WO2004094561A1 true WO2004094561A1 (en) 2004-11-04

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Cited By (3)

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WO2006117888A1 (en) 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Sunfuu Co., Ltd. Thermal liquefiying apparatus and thermal liquefying method
ES2277749A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2007-07-16 Bio Watt Iberica, S.L. Dissolution system for unuseable tires, has heat carrying fluid supplied into reactor tank storing discarded tires to gradually come into contact with surface of tires and soften tires until tires are dissolved
WO2008131700A1 (en) * 2007-04-27 2008-11-06 Ochvat Juraj Device for separation of pyrolytic oil during scrap rubber processing

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2277749A1 (en) * 2003-12-15 2007-07-16 Bio Watt Iberica, S.L. Dissolution system for unuseable tires, has heat carrying fluid supplied into reactor tank storing discarded tires to gradually come into contact with surface of tires and soften tires until tires are dissolved
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