WO2004090346A1 - Procede et appareil permettant de modifier les proprietes d'ecoulement d'un fluide au voisinage d'une helice, d'un ventilateur, d'une turbine ou d'un moteur - Google Patents

Procede et appareil permettant de modifier les proprietes d'ecoulement d'un fluide au voisinage d'une helice, d'un ventilateur, d'une turbine ou d'un moteur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004090346A1
WO2004090346A1 PCT/CH2004/000218 CH2004000218W WO2004090346A1 WO 2004090346 A1 WO2004090346 A1 WO 2004090346A1 CH 2004000218 W CH2004000218 W CH 2004000218W WO 2004090346 A1 WO2004090346 A1 WO 2004090346A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
turbine
revolution
solid
ball
propeller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2004/000218
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Karl Maurenbrecher
Original Assignee
Karl Maurenbrecher
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karl Maurenbrecher filed Critical Karl Maurenbrecher
Publication of WO2004090346A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004090346A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/02—Influencing flow of fluids in pipes or conduits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C11/00—Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft
    • B64C11/02—Hub construction
    • B64C11/14—Spinners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D33/00—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for
    • B64D33/02—Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for of combustion air intakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
    • F02C7/04—Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15D—FLUID DYNAMICS, i.e. METHODS OR MEANS FOR INFLUENCING THE FLOW OF GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F15D1/00—Influencing flow of fluids
    • F15D1/10—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material
    • F15D1/12—Influencing flow of fluids around bodies of solid material by influencing the boundary layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for modifying the flow properties of a fluid medium.
  • the invention particularly relates to an apparatus for modifying the flow properties of a thrust for the drive of a vehicle of aircraft or of a ship, a combustion engine or a apparatus which is driven by a shaft or a flow, or generates a flow, comprising at least one driving unit, including at least one propeller, a jet engine or thrust nozzle, respectively, a propeller turbine-air thrust engine, a water turbine or a wind turbine, a method of improving the output of a driving unit for the optimising of a thrust of a turbine, as well as a ship drive, an aircraft drive with an apparatus or an apparatus with a water or wind turbine .
  • Driving units comprising propeller or turbine engines of any of various designs generate an air or gas, respectively, in order to drive a vehicle, an aircraft or a ship.
  • the flow to be generated or flow of the fluid medium, respectively can, thereby, be influenced or optimised, respectively, by the design or by the position of the propellers or by the design of a turbine.
  • the optimising consists specifically in the selection of the chosen turbine, such as for instance a Francis, a Pelton or a Kaplan turbine.
  • the selection of the turbine depends among others from the water mass driving the turbine or the water mass, respectively, which must be handled by the turbine.
  • the object of the present invention consists in a further measure in order to suggest in addition to the design measures in the driving unit or the turbine itself in a further influencing of the efficiency in order the increase the output of the driv- ing unit or turbine, respectively, in order to thereby reduce the fuel consumption in for instance the case of the use of a combustion engine for the driving of the unit, or to for instance to increase the generated amount of energy in for instance the case of a water turbine or wind turbine in a water or wind power plant.
  • the word fluid or fluid medium relates especially to air and gas as well as fluids, especially water and sea water.
  • the driving unit or the apparatus with the turbine which comprises or comprises at least, respectively, a propeller, a jet engine or thrust nozzle, re- spectively, a propeller turbine air jet engine or a water turbine, comprises, located ahead thereof, in the close surroundings, preferably in the flow axis towards the driving unit or towards the turbine in the aspiration area or at the intake, respectively, an at least approximately ball shaped structure.
  • This ball shaped structure is located possibly preferably in the extension of the axis of rotation of the driving unit or turbine, respectively.
  • the flow of the fluid medium aspirated by the driving unit or entering the turbine, respectively, such as air or water is influenced in that this fluid medium must flow around the ball like structure before it reaches the area of the propeller or compressor, respectively, or the turbine of a jet engine or a thrust nozzle, respectively, or a water or wind turbine. It has been shown that the output or efficiency, respectively, of the driving unit or the turbine, respectively, can be increased by the measure suggested in ac- cordance with the invention, which leads to the generation of an increased thrust or an increased output of the turbine.
  • the diameter of the ball shaped structure as well as the distance between the ball like structure and the propeller or intake into the jet engine or the turbine, respectively, is in the last analysis a matter of adjustment by a person skilled in the art who makes his choice depending on the kind and the flow speed of the fluid medium, if it is air or water, from the speed of rotation of the rotating propeller or turbine, respectively, as well as from further factors. It has been found, that preferred diameters amount to partial ranges of 0,05 to 1,5 of the diameter of the driving unit or the propeller, the jet engine or the turbine or the inflow tube, respectively.
  • the distance between the centre point of the ball shaped structure and the intake opening or inflow, respectively, of the unit or propeller respectively, or turbine amounts preferably to 0,05 to 1,5 times the diameter of the driving unit or propeller, respectively, of the jet engine, the turbine or inflow tube.
  • the drive or unit, respectively, suggested in accordance with the invention is specifically suitable for the drive of a ship or for the drive of an aircraft and combustion engines and for stationary or mobile machines and plants.
  • the drive suggested in accordance with the invention is obviously suitable for any kind of structures, such as machines or transporting means which are to be driven by a mechanically based apparatus .
  • the apparatus which is also suggested in accordance with the invention, which is driven by the agency of a flow or which generates a flow is preferably a water turbine, for instance for the power generation, or in a reverse operation for the pumping of water into a reservoir such as a reservoir lake.
  • Fig. 1 schematically, in a perspective view, the forward part of a jet engine comprising the ball like structure located ahead of same;
  • Fig. 2 a jet engine in section;
  • Fig. 3 the arrangement of a ball shaped structure located ahead of a ship propeller;
  • Fig. 4 in section, a water turbine in a power station with a ball like structure located ahead of the inlet;
  • Fig. 5 schematically, in a perspective view, a wind power station with a ball like structure located ahead of the wind turbine;
  • Fig. 6 the placing of a lateral flute or lateral groove in a ball like structure according to the present invention;
  • Fig. 7 a further variant of embodiment of a ball like structure, located ahead of a ship's screw, with bore holes; and , Fig. 8 schematically arranged a ball structure in the aspira- tion stub of a racing car motor.
  • Figure 1 illustrates schematically in a perspective view the aspiration area of a jet engine 1, for the aspiration of air which is illustrated schematically by the arrow 3.
  • the air is thereby aspirated through an intake opening 5 into the area of a compressor in order to be fed thereafter compressed into a combustion chamber 9 in which the air/fuel mixture is ignited in order to drive a following turbine which is not illustrated in Figure 1.
  • a ball shaped structure or ball 21, respectively, which is supported on an extension of the drive shaft 23 is located ahead of the engine 1 such as suggested in accordance with the invention.
  • the ball can, thereby, be arranged fixed on the shaft 23, i.e. rigidly mounted to same, or also free wheeling, i.e. that the ball is arranged free wheeling on the shaft 23 or is driven separately, respectively.
  • Figure 2 an engine 1, analogue to such of Figure 1 is illus- trated in its entire length in longitudinal section, inclusive the ball 21 arranged ahead of the engine.
  • the illustration in Figure 2 is quite obviously a vastly simplified longitudinal section because the design of the jet engine is not part of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 illustrates merely an exemplarily design of a jet engine and the ball 21 arranged in accordance with the invention can be located at all known jet engines or so-called propfan or jet engines or so-called propfan or turboprop engines driven by a gasoline or diesel engine.
  • the air 3 aspirated by the engine 1 reaches through an opening 5 the area of the compressor 7, from which the air flows into a combustion chamber 9 within which the air together with a fuel in an explosion like manner drives the following turbine 11.
  • the probably changed density of the flow generates the effect .
  • An additional thrust is generated in a afterburner section 13 , and the exhaust gases exit the engine 1 through an adjustable thrust nozzle.
  • the ball shaped structure 21 is, such as can clearly be seen in Figure 2, arranged preferably on a shaft 23 which extends in the extension of the axis of rotation of the compressor 7 and of the turbine 11, as well.
  • a specific flow of the air 3 aspirated by the engine 1 is generated by the ball 21, i.e. turbulences and a changed density of the aspirated air 3 , during which a changed density is generated in the peripheral area of the aspiration opening 5 of the engine 1. It is not possible to safely state which phenomena leads finally to the increase of the efficiency of the engine. It is also possible that a physical or physical- chemical change of the air occurs such as an ionisation or ozon- isation which leads e.g. to an increase of the efficiency of the combustion in the combustion chamber 9.
  • a ship's screw 31 which is located at the stern portion of a boat 35 and which is formed by a number of propeller blades 33 is illustrated in Fig. 3 in place of an aircraft engine.
  • the ships screw 31 is driven through a shaft 43 which is in turn driven by a corresponding drive inside of the ship. It is again suggested in accordance with the invention to arrange a ball shaped structure or a ball 41, respectively, on this drive shaft 43, which again influences the flow of the fluid medium or water, respectively, which flows towards the ship's screw 31.
  • the ball can thereby, such as illustrated in Figure 3, include a circumferential flute or groove 42, respectively.
  • Fig. 6 shows another ball with a similar groove.
  • Such a ball like structure can be obviously arranged analogue to a ship's screw ahead of a propeller at an aircraft engine where- with the air flowing towards the propeller is correspondingly- deflected or the flow of the air is influenced, respectively.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a longitudinal section through a Kaplan - turbine plant for the generation of electric power in a power station.
  • the Kaplan turbine 151 is a so-called overpressure water turbine which, due to the high specific speed of rotation is specifically suitable for large water masses and small to medium heights of drop, heads. Such a turbine is coupled preferably directly to a generator 153 for the generation of electric power.
  • this Kaplan turbine water is led from a reservoir such as for instance a storage reservoir lake or a reservoir 155, at river power plants through a turbine inlet 65 into a inlet tube 157 from which the water drives via a spiral casing 159 the turbine 151 in order to be thereafter discharged through a discharge channel 158.
  • a reservoir such as for instance a storage reservoir lake or a reservoir 155
  • the turbine 151 in order to be thereafter discharged through a discharge channel 158.
  • a ball 61 as suggested by the invention which is located on a ro- tatable axis, is arranged at the area of the turbine inlet 65. It can also be thought of to have an induction motor for driving the ball.
  • a drive 67 is foreseen for the production of a rotational movement of the ball in an arbitrarily set angle relative to the inlet direction of the water flow, which produces the ball rotation through the shaft 63, whereby the drive axis extends preferably at an angle of 90° relative to the inlet tube 157.
  • the ball 61 comprises preferably grooves 62 extending laterally relative to the flow.
  • FIG. 5 A further possibility of the use of a ball like structure sug- gested in accordance with the invention is illustrated in Figure 5 at a wind power station 81.
  • a ball like structure 91 is located on the extension of the rotor axis 93 on the extension of the rotor axis 93.
  • the distance between ball and propeller, or inlet opening of the jet engine, or the inflow to the water tur- bine or the wind propeller, respectively variably, i.e. that the distance of the ball can be adjusted during the operation of the driving unit or the turbine, or can be made to suit the outer conditions such as height above sea level, temperature of the air or the water, speed, etc., respectively.
  • the optimal distance by tests, and by means of the optimised values an automatic adjusting can be made when the unit or the turbine is in operation, such as for instance computer or physically controlled.
  • the adjustability of the dis- tance may be freely chosen or the distance can be indexed, i.e. using predefined fixed distances . Preferably a change of said distance is possible while the apparatus is running.
  • Figure 6 illustrates a possible embodiment of a ball 21 which is arranged on a shaft 23 such as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. The direction of the fluid flowing around the ball 21 is illustrated in Fig.
  • the propeller not shown in the drawing is provided in the area with the reference numeral 48. Beside the preferred position of the groove 45 in the reverse half of the ball, axially positioned in about a quarter of the diameter of the ball seen from the section of the pole of the ball with the shaft 23, the groove 45 can also be positioned in the area towards the maximum circumference of the ball .
  • the ball 21 includes at its reverse half - sphere surface 44 a circular groove 45 extending perpendicular to the shaft 23 with a for instance parallelogram - like cross section 47 of which the width and depth corresponds about to 0,05 times to the diameter of the ball.
  • groove 45 is positioned on the side of the ball 41 opposite to the area of the impeller 48.
  • FIG. 7 A further variant of the embodiment of the ball 41 in accordance with the invention with bore holes is illustrated based on Fig- ure 7, which analogue to Figure 3 is placed ahead of a ship's screw 31 on a drive shaft 43.
  • Larger bore holes 55 and 59 are located at the front side of the ball which is flown against and smaller bore holes 53 and 57 at the radial side and the side facing away from the flow, respectively.
  • the bore holes can be cylindrical or conical.
  • the bore holes 53 and 57 illustrated in Figure 7 are located on a circumferential circle extending sort of laterally relative to the axis, so that they produce due to a substantially higher circumferential speed a higher suction or pressure action.
  • the diameter of the bore holes 53 an 57 can be chosen between 2 and 20 percent of the diameter of the ball 41, e.g. the larger bore holes 55, 59 can have a diameter of 15 percent and the smaller bore holes 53, 57 can have a diameter of 7,5 percent of the diameter of the ball 41.
  • a basin of 120 x 50 x 50 centimetre (approx. 47 x 20 x 20 inch) is filled with water.
  • a boat body of corresponding dimensions was placed inside the basin on the water and was provided with a force capsule.
  • the diameter of the propeller was 70 millimetre (approx. 2,8 inch) .
  • the propeller had four blades .
  • the diameter of the ball i.e. the solid-of-revolution
  • a groove was used with a depth and a width of 4,5 millimetre (0,17 inch) .
  • Figure 8 il- lustrates schematically in a longitudinal section the rear area of a vehicle (racing car) 70, where a ball 71 structured in accordance with the invention is located in air aspiration stub 73 in the area behind the air intake hole 75.
  • This ball can comprise analogue to those described in the preceding Figures 1 to 7 flutes or grooves, preferably free wheeling or driven to rotate.
  • the placing of a ball system in a vehicle motor is obviously a preferred embodiment variant in connection with automobile combustion engines, but it can be stipulated generally that the placing of balls makes always sense in connection with combustion engines where the dimensions and design allow such.
  • driving units, turbines and ball designs, respectively are obviously only examples which serve for more detailed explanation of the invention.
  • the arranging of a ball in accordance with the invention is advantageous at any kind of driving units and turbines which are based on the principle of a thrust drive or a flow drive, respectively i.e. at which drive a fluid medium such as for instance air or water is moved by any kind of propeller, bladed wheels, turbine wheels, or where turbines are driven by means of a flow of a fluid medium, whereby the ball suggested in accordance with the invention is to be placed in the area ahead of the driving unit or the turbine, respectively i.e. in the area of the suction opening or inlet.
  • a special reference is made to driving units at aircraft or at ships and to turbines and at combustion engines .
  • Said ball like structure is - generally speaking - a body of revolution or solid of revolution, i.e. a surface-of-revolution object based on the image of a not negative function rotating about an axis.
  • This function can form a semicircle; this creates a ball corresponding to the ball 41 of the drawings.
  • the func- tion can be an ellipse, a sinus function or a different similar function.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

En vue de modifier un écoulement (par exemple, d'air ou d'eau) entraînant une unité motrice, ou généré par une unité motrice, l'invention consiste à agencer une structure de type sphérique (21). La structure de type sphérique (21) est disposée, de préférence, en amont de l'unité motrice considérée afin, par exemple, d'influencer la densité du fluide et, selon ce qui est applicable, la structure moléculaire.
PCT/CH2004/000218 2003-04-11 2004-04-07 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier les proprietes d'ecoulement d'un fluide au voisinage d'une helice, d'un ventilateur, d'une turbine ou d'un moteur WO2004090346A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH6662003 2003-04-11
CH666/03 2003-04-11
US47735603P 2003-06-11 2003-06-11
US60/477,356 2003-06-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004090346A1 true WO2004090346A1 (fr) 2004-10-21

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ID=33160307

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CH2004/000218 WO2004090346A1 (fr) 2003-04-11 2004-04-07 Procede et appareil permettant de modifier les proprietes d'ecoulement d'un fluide au voisinage d'une helice, d'un ventilateur, d'une turbine ou d'un moteur

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2004090346A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112370931A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-02-19 山东建安物联科技有限公司 一种基于建筑信息模型的智慧工地喷淋装置

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1433359A (en) * 1921-06-02 1922-10-24 Fokker Anthony Herman Gerard Armor plate for flying machines
DE562684C (de) * 1928-12-23 1932-10-28 Syndicat Vaproc Nabe fuer Luft- und Wasserschrauben
US4571192A (en) * 1983-11-09 1986-02-18 Allied Corporation Self propelled spherical vehicle
US4790725A (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-12-13 Office National D'etudes Et De Recherche Aerospatiales Aerial propellers more especially for aircraft propulsive units
US4934139A (en) * 1986-07-02 1990-06-19 Rolls-Royce Plc Turbofan gas turbine engine
DE19529096A1 (de) * 1995-08-08 1996-03-14 Alfred Frohnert Kegelförmige Windkraftanlage mit Grenzschicht-Teilung
FR2754858A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-24 Martinet Pierre Dispositif eolien
GB2369161A (en) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-22 Ajoy Kumar Kundu Spinner for a propeller
WO2003023223A2 (fr) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co Dispositif et procede de generation d'energie electrique

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1433359A (en) * 1921-06-02 1922-10-24 Fokker Anthony Herman Gerard Armor plate for flying machines
DE562684C (de) * 1928-12-23 1932-10-28 Syndicat Vaproc Nabe fuer Luft- und Wasserschrauben
US4571192A (en) * 1983-11-09 1986-02-18 Allied Corporation Self propelled spherical vehicle
US4934139A (en) * 1986-07-02 1990-06-19 Rolls-Royce Plc Turbofan gas turbine engine
US4790725A (en) * 1986-10-23 1988-12-13 Office National D'etudes Et De Recherche Aerospatiales Aerial propellers more especially for aircraft propulsive units
DE19529096A1 (de) * 1995-08-08 1996-03-14 Alfred Frohnert Kegelförmige Windkraftanlage mit Grenzschicht-Teilung
FR2754858A1 (fr) * 1996-10-22 1998-04-24 Martinet Pierre Dispositif eolien
GB2369161A (en) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-22 Ajoy Kumar Kundu Spinner for a propeller
WO2003023223A2 (fr) * 2001-09-12 2003-03-20 Va Tech Hydro Gmbh & Co Dispositif et procede de generation d'energie electrique

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112370931A (zh) * 2021-01-18 2021-02-19 山东建安物联科技有限公司 一种基于建筑信息模型的智慧工地喷淋装置

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