WO2004084339A1 - バラン - Google Patents
バランInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004084339A1 WO2004084339A1 PCT/JP2003/003340 JP0303340W WO2004084339A1 WO 2004084339 A1 WO2004084339 A1 WO 2004084339A1 JP 0303340 W JP0303340 W JP 0303340W WO 2004084339 A1 WO2004084339 A1 WO 2004084339A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- line
- terminal
- balun
- center
- height direction
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
- H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
- H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced with unbalanced lines or devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a balun having three lines arranged parallel to a ground plane.
- balun balanced-unbalanced conversion circuit
- a balun can be constructed by branching into a 1/4 wavelength line and a 3/4 wavelength line.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a balun in which the phase shift is significantly reduced. Disclosure of the invention
- the inventor of the present invention has conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, the line length of the three lines constituting the balanced circuit has been set to 1/4 of the wavelength of the center frequency in the operating band.
- the inventors have found that the conventional problems can be solved and completed the present invention.
- the balun of the present invention is a balun having three lines of a first line, a second line, and a third line arranged in parallel to a ground plane, wherein the second line and the third line At the same height from the ground plane, the first line, the second line and the The length of the third line in the longitudinal direction is 1Z4 of the wavelength of the center frequency in the operating band, and the capacitance between the second line and the ground plane is the capacitance between the second line and the first line. It is equal to the capacity.
- the distance between the center of the second line and the third line in the height direction and the ground plane closer to the second line and the third line is the center of the height of the first line. And the distance between the second line and the center of the third line in the height direction.
- the dielectric constant of the dielectric between the plane formed by the center in the height direction of the second line and the third line and the ground plane close to the second line and the third line is calculated.
- the dielectric constant of the dielectric between the plane formed by the center in the height direction of the first line and the plane formed by the center in the height direction of the second line and the third line can also be made smaller. .
- the lengths of the second line and the third line in the width direction are made equal, and the second line and the third line are left and right with respect to a plane formed by the center in the width direction of the first line.
- one end of the first line is used as an unbalanced signal input terminal, the input terminal of the unbalanced signal is connected to one end of the third line, and the other end of the first line is connected.
- one end terminal of the second line is connected to a ground plane, the other end terminal of the second line and the other end terminal of the third line are used as an output terminal for a balanced signal, and an input terminal for the unbalanced signal.
- the impedance of the output terminal of the balanced signal can satisfy the following relationship.
- C a is the capacitance between the second line and the ground plane (C)
- Cac is the capacitance between the second line and the third line (C)
- Z air is the characteristic impedance in a vacuum ( ⁇ )
- Z in is the impedance ( ⁇ ) of the input terminal of the unbalanced signal
- Z. ut is the impedance ( ⁇ ) of the output terminal of the balanced signal.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the balun of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a top view showing an embodiment of the balun of the present invention.
- the lengths of the first line b, the second line a, and the third line c in the longitudinal direction are all 1 of the wavelength of the center frequency in the operating band, and the second line a and the third line
- the distance between the center of the second line a and the third line c in the height direction and the ground plane GC closer to the second line a and the third line c Is longer than the distance between the center of the first line b in the height direction and the center of the second line a and the third line c in the height direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “h2”). (Hereinafter, it may be referred to as “h2 ⁇ h3”.)
- the distance between the center of the first track b in the height direction and the ground plane GC near the first track b may be referred to as hi.
- the plane formed by the center in the height direction of the second line a and the third line c and the second line a and the third line c The dielectric constant of the dielectric (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “D3”) between the ground plane GC and the plane near the center of the first line b in the height direction and the second line a and the second line a
- the dielectric constant between the planes formed by the centers of the three lines c in the height direction (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “D2”) is made smaller than the dielectric constant ⁇ 2 (hereinafter, “e 3 ⁇ £ 2”) It is also preferable.
- the dielectric between the plane formed by the center of the first line b in the height direction and the ground plane GC close to the first line b may be referred to as D1.
- the dielectric constants of the dielectrics 2 and 3 are each equal to £ ⁇ . is there.
- the medium is not an isotropic medium, but its influence is small, and a balun can be formed in the same manner as in the case of h2 and h3.
- the length of the second line a in the width direction (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as “Wa”) is equal to the length of the third line c in the width direction, and the width of the first line b in the width direction. It is preferably shorter than the length (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “Wb”). It is preferable that the first line b, the second line a, and the third line c have the same thickness in the height direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “t”).
- the second line a and the third line c are preferably arranged at positions symmetrical with respect to a line formed by the center in the width direction of the first line b and an extension thereof, and the first line b Of the third line c is preferably connected to one end of the third line c, and the other end of the first line b and one end of the second line a are Each of them is preferably connected to a ground plane GC, and the other end of the second line a and the other end of the third line c are preferably output terminals of a balanced signal.
- Ca is the capacitance (C) between the second line a and the ground plane GC
- Cab is the capacitance between the second line a and the first line b (C)
- Cac is the second line a
- the third line c-Cold capacitance (C) £.
- £ r is the relative dielectric constant
- Z air is the characteristic impedance of vacuum (Omega)
- Z. ut is the impedance ( ⁇ ) of the balanced signal output terminal.
- the Y matrix (6 rows and 6 columns) of the three-line balun shown in Fig. 2 with the line length set to 1/4 of the wavelength of the center frequency in the operating band is given as follows.
- ⁇ is a frequency
- u jxt an (kL) (k is a phase constant in a dielectric, L is a line length).
- Cb is the capacitance (C) between the first line and the ground plane.
- the Y matrix can be rearranged as follows.
- the six terminals are called u terminal, V terminal, w terminal, X terminal, y terminal, and z terminal, respectively, and input terminal 1 (P in l), V terminal of the first line, and The w terminal of the three lines is electrically connected, the y terminal of the first line and the u terminal of the second line are respectively connected to the ground, and the X terminal and the output terminal 2 (P out 2) of the second line, Consider the case where the z terminal of the third line and the output terminal 3 (P. ut 3) are electrically connected.
- J 1 (current of input terminal 1) Jv (current of terminal V) + Jw (current of terminal w) Vx (voltage of X terminal) 2 V2 (voltage of output terminal 2)
- Vz (voltage of z terminal) V3 (voltage of output terminal 3)
- J l current of the input terminal 1
- J 1 j ⁇ ⁇ -CabxV2-CabxV3-CacxV2 + (Ca + Ca b + Ca c) V3 ⁇ / k z
- Yb Yb 12.
- the three-terminal Y matrix was given as
- the width in the width direction of the second line a and the third line c By selecting Wa and the spacing S ac between the second line a and the third line c, a balun having a desired input / output impedance can be produced.
- the width Wb of the first line b in the width direction was fixed at 16 micrometers.
- the stripline type balun of the present invention if the aspect ratio is the same, the characteristics do not change even if the absolute dimensions are changed, so that the same characteristics can be obtained even if the vertical and horizontal dimensions are expanded or contracted. Nor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of the balun of the present invention.
- a is the second track
- b is the first track
- c is the third track
- GC is the ground plane.
- Wa is the length in the width direction of the second line a and the third line c
- Wb is the length in the width direction of the first line b
- t is the height of the first line b
- the second line a and the third line c Thickness in the vertical direction.
- Sac is the widthwise distance between the second line a and the third line c
- Sab is the widthwise position of one end of the second line a with respect to one end of the first line b.
- the second track a and the third track c are symmetrical with respect to the line AA '.
- h is the distance between the ground planes GC
- h1 is the distance between the center of the first track b in the height direction and the ground plane GC near the first track b
- h2 is the center of the first track b in the height direction.
- h3 is the distance between the center of the second line a and the third line c in the height direction and the second line a and the third line c. This is the distance from the closer ground plane GC. 01 is dielectric 1, D2 is dielectric 2, and D 3 is dielectric 3.
- FIG. 2 is a top view showing an example of an equivalent circuit diagram of the balun of the present invention.
- the P in l input terminal 1 P. ut 2 is output terminal 2
- P. ut 3 is output terminal 3
- u, v, w, x, y, and z are six terminals.
- 1st line b, 2nd line The length in the longitudinal direction of each of a and the third line c is 1 of the wavelength of the center frequency in the operating band.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing a change in capacitance when the distance between the second line and the third line is changed when h 2 ⁇ h 3.
- Z in xZ. ut) is a graph showing changes in the respective values for 1/2.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing transmission characteristics to the output terminal 2 (S 21 ) and transmission characteristics to the output terminal 3 (S 31 ).
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a phase difference between output terminal 2 and output terminal 3 when a signal is input from input terminal 1.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the reflection coefficient (S) of the input terminal 1 and the reflection when the differential amplitude is applied to the output terminals 2 and 3.
- the line length is 2.45 GHz, which is approximately equal to the quarter wavelength in the case of a dielectric constant of 3.6. It was about 15.5 mm.
- Figures 6 to 8 show the results of the electromagnetic field simulation.
- Figure 6 is input to the input terminal 1 is a non-balanced terminals, transmission characteristics to the output terminal 2 is a balanced terminal (S 21) and transmission characteristics of the output terminal 3 is balanced terminals (S 31) shown This is a graph. From Fig. 6, it can be seen that the amplitudes are almost equal at 2.45 GHz.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a phase difference between the output terminal 2 and the output terminal 3 when a signal is input from the input terminal 1. From Fig. 7, it can be seen that the phase is almost 180 degrees, and the phase shift is significantly reduced.
- Figure 8 is reflected when inserting a differential amplitude reflection coefficient of the input terminal 1 (S) and the output terminal 2 and output terminal 3 ((S 22 + S 23 - 2 x S 23) / 2 3/2
- S 22 is the reflection coefficient of the output terminal 2
- S 23 is a graph showing the a transmission coefficient from the output terminal 3 to the output terminal 2.
- the balun according to the present invention can provide performance equivalent to that of a commercially available chip component, and can significantly reduce the phase shift. Therefore, it is useful as a balun built in a multilayer substrate. It is easy to respond to production requirements for products and short-term production, and is suitable for parts that require drastic miniaturization.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/549,672 US7274267B2 (en) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | Balun |
PCT/JP2003/003340 WO2004084339A1 (ja) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | バラン |
JP2004569578A JP4195944B2 (ja) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | バラン |
CN03826180.4A CN1759501A (zh) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | 平衡非平衡变换器 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/003340 WO2004084339A1 (ja) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | バラン |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004084339A1 true WO2004084339A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
Family
ID=33018157
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2003/003340 WO2004084339A1 (ja) | 2003-03-19 | 2003-03-19 | バラン |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7274267B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4195944B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1759501A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004084339A1 (ja) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006210617A (ja) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-08-10 | Kyocera Corp | バラントランス |
KR101342100B1 (ko) | 2009-11-03 | 2013-12-18 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 수평 및 수직 커패시턴스를 형성하는 머쳔더 발룬 장치 |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8248180B2 (en) * | 2009-05-29 | 2012-08-21 | Werlatone, Inc. | Balun with intermediate conductor |
US8248181B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2012-08-21 | Werlatone, Inc. | Transmission-line transformer |
US8354892B2 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2013-01-15 | Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute | Marchand balun device for forming parallel and vertical capacitance |
KR101159456B1 (ko) * | 2010-09-15 | 2012-06-25 | 숭실대학교산학협력단 | 신호 효율이 최대화된 전송선 변압기 |
US8502620B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2013-08-06 | Taiwan Semiconductor Maufacturing Company, Ltd. | Balun system and method |
US8598964B2 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2013-12-03 | Werlatone, Inc. | Balun with intermediate non-terminated conductor |
EP2814113B1 (en) | 2013-06-14 | 2019-08-07 | Ampleon Netherlands B.V. | Marchand balun and power amplifier using the same |
TWI517556B (zh) * | 2014-11-05 | 2016-01-11 | Univ Nat Chi Nan | Multi - differential single - ended converters |
US10818996B1 (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2020-10-27 | Werlatone, Inc. | Inductive radio frequency power sampler |
US11011818B1 (en) | 2020-08-04 | 2021-05-18 | Werlatone, Inc. | Transformer having series and parallel connected transmission lines |
US10978772B1 (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2021-04-13 | Werlatone, Inc. | Balun-based four-port transmission-line networks |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU915140A1 (ru) * | 1980-04-16 | 1982-03-23 | Ki Polt I | Двухканальный делитель мощности 1 |
JPH10163715A (ja) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-06-19 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 不平衡−平衡変換器 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5304959A (en) * | 1992-10-16 | 1994-04-19 | Spectrian, Inc. | Planar microstrip balun |
US6294965B1 (en) * | 1999-03-11 | 2001-09-25 | Anaren Microwave, Inc. | Stripline balun |
US6982609B1 (en) * | 2002-05-15 | 2006-01-03 | Zeevo | System method and apparatus for a three-line balun with power amplifier bias |
-
2003
- 2003-03-19 US US10/549,672 patent/US7274267B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-19 JP JP2004569578A patent/JP4195944B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-19 CN CN03826180.4A patent/CN1759501A/zh active Pending
- 2003-03-19 WO PCT/JP2003/003340 patent/WO2004084339A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SU915140A1 (ru) * | 1980-04-16 | 1982-03-23 | Ki Polt I | Двухканальный делитель мощности 1 |
JPH10163715A (ja) * | 1996-11-26 | 1998-06-19 | Murata Mfg Co Ltd | 不平衡−平衡変換器 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006210617A (ja) * | 2005-01-27 | 2006-08-10 | Kyocera Corp | バラントランス |
KR101342100B1 (ko) | 2009-11-03 | 2013-12-18 | 한국전자통신연구원 | 수평 및 수직 커패시턴스를 형성하는 머쳔더 발룬 장치 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2004084339A1 (ja) | 2006-06-29 |
US7274267B2 (en) | 2007-09-25 |
US20060175680A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
CN1759501A (zh) | 2006-04-12 |
JP4195944B2 (ja) | 2008-12-17 |
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