WO2004067221A1 - 工作機械 - Google Patents
工作機械 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004067221A1 WO2004067221A1 PCT/JP2004/000632 JP2004000632W WO2004067221A1 WO 2004067221 A1 WO2004067221 A1 WO 2004067221A1 JP 2004000632 W JP2004000632 W JP 2004000632W WO 2004067221 A1 WO2004067221 A1 WO 2004067221A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- voids
- machine tool
- gas atoms
- gas
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0971—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining by measuring mechanical vibrations of parts of the machine
- B23Q17/0976—Detection or control of chatter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/01—Frames, beds, pillars or like members; Arrangement of ways
- B23Q1/015—Frames, beds, pillars
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/0003—Arrangements for preventing undesired thermal effects on tools or parts of the machine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T409/00—Gear cutting, milling, or planing
- Y10T409/30—Milling
- Y10T409/309576—Machine frame
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a machine tool provided with a moving body that moves in a predetermined direction.
- a machining center which is one of the machine tools, consists of various structures such as a bed, a column, a spindle head, a spindle, a saddle and a table, and an NC lathe has a bed, a headstock, a spindle, a saddle, and a tool. It is composed of structures such as a table and tailstock.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool in which the moving body is lightweight and has excellent performance such as vibration damping and thermal characteristics. Disclosure of the invention
- the present invention provides a machine tool provided with a moving body that moves in a predetermined direction, wherein the metal is obtained by gradually cooling and solidifying a molten metal in which gas atoms are dissolved from a predetermined direction. A large number of voids are formed of a metal elongated along the direction by reducing the amount of the gas atoms dissolved as the temperature of the metal decreases and thereby depositing the gas atoms.
- a machine tool provided with a moving body that moves in a predetermined direction, wherein the metal is obtained by gradually cooling and solidifying a molten metal in which gas atoms are dissolved from a predetermined direction.
- a large number of voids are formed of a metal elongated along the direction by reducing the amount of the gas atoms dissolved as the temperature of the metal decreases and thereby depositing the gas atoms.
- the moving body according to the present invention gradually cools and solidifies a molten metal in which gas atoms are dissolved from a predetermined direction.
- the voids are formed of a metal elongated along the direction, that is, a so-called porous metal.
- the amount of gas atoms dissolved in a molten metal varies depending on the pressure of the gas.
- the gas atoms dissolve in large amounts when the pressure of the gas is high, but only in small amounts when the pressure is low.
- the porous metal controls the cooling and solidifying state of the molten metal in which gas atoms are dissolved under a predetermined pressure based on this property, that is, the molten metal is gradually cooled and solidified from a predetermined direction.
- a large number of voids are formed to be elongated along the above-mentioned direction by gas molecules precipitated in the solidification process.
- voids formed irregularly in the metal have been considered to be gaps i that reduce strength and the like, but as described above, each of the voids is arranged so that the longitudinal direction of each void is along a predetermined direction.
- the crystal structure of the metal is formed along the above-mentioned direction, the strength is high in the direction of the formation of the voids, and the weight is reduced as compared with a solid body having the same external dimensions. You can do it.
- the porous metal has an internal friction compared to a solid body. Because of the feature that the friction is large, the vibration can be effectively suppressed, and further, the heat that the porous metal has can be effectively released through each of the voids. It has.
- porous metal there are two types, one in which voids are formed along one direction and the other in which radiation is formed in a radial manner. It can be produced by cooling, and the latter can be produced by cooling the molten metal from its periphery toward the center.
- the weight of the moving body can be reduced, for example, in accordance with the NC directive.
- the moving body can be moved at a high speed, the power load required for the movement can be reduced, and power consumption can be suppressed.
- Examples of the moving body include a column, a spindle head, a saddle, and a table in the case of a machining center, and a saddle and a tool post in the case of an NC lathe. Can be mentioned.
- the moving body is usually formed by joining constituent components constituting the moving body by fastening or welding with screws. And when joining each component part by welding, in the proportion of the amount of coal contained in the metal, the vicinity of the welded portion is easily hardened and hardened by quenching and hardening to have mechanical properties. Defects such as cracks are more likely to occur. For this reason, it is preferable that the metal be a low-carbon steel containing only a small amount of carbon.
- the metal when the metal is a low carbon steel, at least the gas atoms It preferably contains a nitrogen atom.
- nitrides are formed by reacting nitrogen atoms with aluminum chromium, titanium atoms and the like constituting low carbon steel on the metal surface layer of the voids.
- the effect that the metal surface layer can be hardened by the nitride is obtained.
- the nitrided porous metal has the same strength in the direction parallel to the voids as the solid body of the same external dimensions.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a preferred machine tool according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are cross-sectional views showing a schematic II configuration of a porous metal production apparatus g.
- FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the internal structure of the porous metal.
- a machine tool 1 of this example is a machine tool of a type called a vertical machining center, and includes a bed 11, a column 12 arranged on the bed 11, A spindle head 13 supported by the column 12 and movable in the Z-axis direction, a spindle 14 supported rotatably by the spindle head 13 and a Z-axis mounted on the bed 11 Saddle 15 that can be moved in the Y-axis direction orthogonal to the axis, and Table 16 that is arranged on the saddle 15 and that can be moved in the X-axis direction that is orthogonal to both the Z axis and the Y axis.
- a tool T is mounted on the spindle 14, and a work W is mounted on the table 16.
- the machine tool 1 has a Z-axis feed mechanism (not shown) for moving the spindle head 13 in the Z-axis direction and a Y-axis feed mechanism (not shown) for moving the saddle 15 in the Y-axis direction. ), An X-axis feed mechanism (not shown) for moving the table 16 in the X-axis direction, a Z-axis feed mechanism (not shown), a Y-axis feed 5 mechanism (not shown), and A control device (not shown) for controlling the operation of each drive motor (not shown) of the X-axis feed mechanism (not shown) based on the NC command is provided.
- the dollar 15 and the table 16 are moved in the respective axial directions by the respective feed mechanisms (not shown), so that a relative movement is performed between the tool T and the workpiece W, and the ten workpieces W are moved. Processed.
- each of these components is a so-called porous metal, that is, gas atoms are dissolved.
- a metal obtained by gradually cooling and solidifying a metal in a molten state from a predetermined direction. As the temperature of the metal decreases, the dissolved amount of the gas atoms 15 decreases and the gas atoms precipitate. Thereby, a large number of voids are formed of metal elongated along the cooling direction.
- the amount of gas atoms dissolved in a molten metal varies depending on the pressure of the gas.
- the gas atoms dissolve in large amounts when the pressure of the gas is high, but only in small amounts when the pressure is low.
- Porous metal is based on this property
- the solidification process can be performed.
- a large number of voids are formed to be elongated along the direction by the deposited gas molecules.
- porous metal for example, as shown in FIG.
- the coagulation chamber B is disposed below the heating chamber A, and is equally pressurized by suction vacuum and air supply.
- FIGS. 2 and 3 the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals.
- a crucible 21 having a through hole 21 a formed in the bottom center, a heating device 22 for heating the crucible 21, and an upper end protruding upward from the upper surface of the heating chamber A
- a closure port 23 whose lower end closes the through hole 21a, and a gas intake pipe 24 and a gas supply pipe 25 provided above the crucible 21 are provided. ing.
- the closing rod 23 is vertically moved up and down by an elevating device (not shown) as appropriate.
- J The sea urn is at a lower-limit position, and the lower end thereof has the through hole 21 a.
- the gas intake pipe 24 is connected to an intake device (not shown), and the gas supply pipe 25 is connected to a gas supply device (not shown).
- the cooling part 31 is disposed below the mold 26 and has a hollow inside 20.
- the cooling unit 35 is configured to cool the bottom surface of the rectangular mold 26, while the cooling unit 35 is disposed around the rectangular mold 26, and has a hollow inside.
- Cooling water is supplied from the cooling water circulation device (not shown) of the cooling device 30 into the cooling members 32 and 36 via the water supply pipes 33 and 37, respectively.
- the supplied and supplied cooling water is returned to a cooling water circulation device (not shown) via drain pipes 34 and 38, respectively.
- the pressure adjusting pipes 27 and 28 are connected to pressure adjusting devices (not shown).
- An introduction member 29 is disposed so as to straddle the bottom of the heating chamber A and the top of the coagulation chamber B, and the introduction member 29 has an upper opening formed by the crucible.
- An introduction hole 29 a communicating with the through hole 21 a of FIG. 21 and having a lower opening opening above the mold 26 is formed.
- the solid low-carbon steel is appropriately carried into the crucible 21, and then, into the heating chamber A via the gas suction pipe 24. Is sucked in by a suction device (not shown), and the inside of the heating chamber A is completely empty.
- the pressure in the solidification chamber B is adjusted to a predetermined pressure by a pressure adjusting device (not shown) via the pressure adjusting tubes 27 and 28, and the cooling water circulating device (not shown)
- the cooling water supplied and circulated into each of the cooling members 32 and 36 cools the ⁇ type 26.
- the solid low-carbon steel in the crucible 21 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heating device 22, whereby the solid low-carbon steel is melted into a liquid.
- a gas containing nitrogen gas is supplied into the heating chamber A by a gas supply device (not shown) via the regas supply pipe 25 so that the pressure in the heating chamber A becomes a predetermined pressure.
- the supplied gas dissolves in the liquid low carbon steel.
- the closing rod 23 is lifted by an elevating device (not shown)
- the low-carbon steel in the crucible 21 passes through the through hole 21 a and the introduction hole 29 a to form a ⁇ 2
- the low-carbon steel that has flowed into the inside 6 is cooled by the cooling device 30 and solidified.
- FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view showing the porous metal
- FIG. 4 (b) is a sectional view thereof.
- FIG. 5 (s) is a cross-sectional view showing the porous metal
- FIG. 5 (b) is a side view thereof.
- voids K are formed in various sizes, and some of them are formed so as to communicate with each other. is there.
- the porous metal manufactured as described above is appropriately used for each component of the spindle head 13, the saddle 15, and the table 16, which is a moving body, according to the properties thereof. That is, the produced porous metal is appropriately processed into component parts having a desired shape, and these are joined together by fastening or welding with screws to form the spindle head 13, the saddle 15, and the cable. Assemble each as 1 6.
- the porous metal has a feature that internal friction is larger than that of a solid body due to the void, vibration can be effectively suppressed. It has the characteristic that the heat it has can be effectively dissipated.
- the moving body such as the spindle head 13, the saddle 15 and the table 16 of the machine tool 1 is made of porous metal, so that the weight of the moving body is reduced.
- the weight of the moving body is reduced.
- the processing accuracy can be greatly improved.
- the moving body can be moved at high speed, the power load required for the movement can be reduced, and power consumption can be suppressed.
- the porous metal in this example is a low-carbon steel, the carbon content is low, and even if the components of the moving body are joined by welding, defects such as cracks are unlikely to occur in the welded portion. No.
- the gas containing nitrogen gas is dissolved in the molten low carbon steel, when the void ⁇ is formed, the metal surface layer in the void I portion is low.
- the nitrogen and nitrogen atoms react with the aluminum, chromium, and titanium atoms that form the coal-tin steel to produce nitrides, and the nitride can harden the metal surface layer.
- the porous metal has the same strength in the direction parallel to the void K as the solid body of the same external dimensions.
- the concrete aspect which this invention can take is not limited to this at all.
- the moving body of the vertical machining center was made of porous metal, but it is not limited to this.
- Moving bodies of various machine tools such as an NC lathe can be made of the porous metal.
- the machine tool according to the present invention has a light moving body and is excellent in vibration damping property and thermal characteristics, and is suitable for high-speed machining.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machine Tool Units (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112004000216T DE112004000216T5 (de) | 2003-01-31 | 2004-01-23 | Werkzeugmaschine |
JP2005504689A JPWO2004067221A1 (ja) | 2003-01-31 | 2004-01-23 | 工作機械 |
US10/543,991 US20060193707A1 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2004-01-23 | Machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003-023887 | 2003-01-31 | ||
JP2003023887 | 2003-01-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2004067221A1 true WO2004067221A1 (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
Family
ID=32820744
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/000632 WO2004067221A1 (ja) | 2003-01-31 | 2004-01-23 | 工作機械 |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060193707A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2004067221A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE112004000216T5 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW200416096A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004067221A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007185720A (ja) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-26 | Kitamura Mach Co Ltd | 工作機械 |
US7604442B2 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2009-10-20 | Jobs S.P.A. | Multi-axis machine tool |
JP7457100B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2024-03-27 | ファナック株式会社 | 工作機械 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03170630A (ja) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 発泡金属の製造方法 |
JPH03230859A (ja) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-10-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 軽量アルミニウム鋳物の製造方法 |
JP2002521214A (ja) * | 1998-07-23 | 2002-07-16 | アーツェーテック・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング−アドヴァンスト・キャスティング・テクノロジーズ・ギーセライテヒノロギー | 直線状の直接駆動をもつ平面ガントリシステム |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5181549A (en) * | 1991-04-29 | 1993-01-26 | Dmk Tek, Inc. | Method for manufacturing porous articles |
US5503795A (en) * | 1995-04-25 | 1996-04-02 | Pennsylvania Pressed Metals, Inc. | Preform compaction powdered metal process |
-
2004
- 2004-01-15 TW TW093100972A patent/TW200416096A/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-01-23 WO PCT/JP2004/000632 patent/WO2004067221A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-01-23 DE DE112004000216T patent/DE112004000216T5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-01-23 JP JP2005504689A patent/JPWO2004067221A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-01-23 US US10/543,991 patent/US20060193707A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH03170630A (ja) * | 1989-11-29 | 1991-07-24 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 発泡金属の製造方法 |
JPH03230859A (ja) * | 1990-02-07 | 1991-10-14 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 軽量アルミニウム鋳物の製造方法 |
JP2002521214A (ja) * | 1998-07-23 | 2002-07-16 | アーツェーテック・ゲゼルシャフト・ミット・ベシュレンクテル・ハフツング−アドヴァンスト・キャスティング・テクノロジーズ・ギーセライテヒノロギー | 直線状の直接駆動をもつ平面ガントリシステム |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7604442B2 (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2009-10-20 | Jobs S.P.A. | Multi-axis machine tool |
JP2007185720A (ja) * | 2006-01-11 | 2007-07-26 | Kitamura Mach Co Ltd | 工作機械 |
JP7457100B2 (ja) | 2020-02-27 | 2024-03-27 | ファナック株式会社 | 工作機械 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20060193707A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
TWI299686B (ja) | 2008-08-11 |
TW200416096A (en) | 2004-09-01 |
JPWO2004067221A1 (ja) | 2006-05-18 |
DE112004000216T5 (de) | 2005-12-29 |
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