PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF 3-
[2- (3 , 4-DIMETHOXYBENZOYL) -4 , 5-DI-
METHOXYPHENYL] -PENTAN-2-ONE
Technical field of the invention
The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of 3- [2- (3 , 4-dimethoxy- benzoyl) -4 ,5-di ethoxy-phenγl] -pentan-2-one of the formula (I) .
Said 3- [2- (3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 , 5- dimethoxyphenyl] -pentan-2-one is a valuable intermediate, which can be used for the preparation of 1- (3 ,4-dimethoxyphenyl) -4- methyl-5-ethγl-7 , 8-dimethoxy-5H-2 , 3-benzo- diazepine known under the international non-proprietory name tofisopa . The compound exerts an anxiolytic activity.
Background of the invention
According to a process known from Hungarian patent specification No. 158 091 the compound of the formula (I) can be prepared from diisohomoeugenol by oxidation carried out with chromium(VI) oxide. The yield of this process is rather poor.
According to the method provided in Hungarian patent specification No. 194 529 1- (3 , 4-dimethoxyphenyl) -3-methyl-4-ethyl- 6 , 7-dimethoxy-isocroman is oxidized with chromium(VI) oxide into the corresponding benzopyrilium salt. This compound is then decomposed in an alkaline aqueous solution to obtain the desired compound of the formula (I) .
Both methods are accompanied by the same drawback: the chromium salts applied as oxidizing agents or formed during the oxidation process are strongly toxic compounds damaging the environment. The storage, neutralization and re-utilization of these substances cause serious environmental problems .
The process provided in Hungarian patent specification No. 187 161 aims at
eliminating the above drawbacks . According to this method the compound of the formula (I) is produced by a technique devoid of chromate by reacting 3- (3 , 4-dimethoxy- phenyl) -pentan-2-one with 3 , 4-dimethoxy- benzoic chloride in the presence of aluminum(III) chloride and decomposing the thus-obtained benzopyrilium salt in an alkaline medium.
The drawback of the above process resides in the fact that the 3 , 4-dimethoxγ- benzoic chloride used as starting substance is liable to decomposition, and the Friedel-Crafts product formed in the reaction is strongly contaminated, difficult to handle and can be purified only at a heavy loss .
It is the aim of the present invention to eliminate the drawbacks of the hitherto known processes and to provide a feasible method for the preparation of 3- [2- (3,4- dimethoxybenzoyl) -4,5-dimethoxy-phenyl] - pentan-2-one of the formula (I) , said method involving a technique devoid of chromium and utilising environmental- friendly substances, so that the desired
compound may be obtained in higher yield and purity than according to the hitherto known processes. Summary of the invention
It has been found that the above aim is achieved by the process according to the present invention.
According to the present invention there is provided a process for the preparation of 3- [2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) - 4 , 5-dimethoxyphenyl] -pentan-2-one starting from a compound of the general formula (ID .
(wherein R1 and R2 each represents a C1_ alkyl group, or R1 and R2 together form a
C2-6 alkylene group) , which comprises a) exchanging the bromo atom in a compound of the general formula (II) for an alkali or magnesium atom; reacting the thus-obtained alkali or
magnesium compound with an approximately equimolar amount of an acid amide of the general formula (Ilia)
(wherein R3 and R4 each denotes a Cι_4 alkyl group) , and subjecting the thus-obtained compound of the general formula (IV)
(wherein R1 and R2 are as stated above) to hydrolysis; or
b) exchanging the bromo atom in a compound of the general formula (II) for an alkali or magnesium atom; reacting the thus-obtained alkali or magnesium compound with an approximately equimolar amount of an ester of the general formula (Ilib)
(wherein R5 represents a Cι_ alkyl group) , and subjecting the thus- obtained compound of the general formula (IV) to hydrolysis. Description of the preferred embodiments
The term „C1_4 alkyl" used in the present specification relates to straight or branched chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having 1-4 carbon atom(s) (e.g. methyl , ethyl , n-propyl , isopropyl, n-butyl, etc.) .
The term „C2_6 alkylene group" covers straight or branched chain alkylene groups
having 2-6 carbon atoms (e.g. ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene group, etc.) .
The synthesis and characterization of the 3- (2-bromo-4 , 5-di-methoxyphenyl) - ρentan-2-on ketals of the general formula
(II) used as starting substances is provided in the pending Hungarian patent applications Nos. 5326/01 and 5327/01
(filing date: 13. 12. 2001).
According to the method generally applied for the preparation of diary1 ketons from aryl-metal compounds the aryl- metal compound is reacted with an aromatic nitrile, and the thus-obtained imine is subjected to hydrolysis. In the present case this method cannot be applied, because according to the technical literature instead of the formation of the compound of general formula (I) the production of an izokinoline derivative can be expected
(Khim. Geterosikl. Soedin, 1988 , (1) , 134-5) .
In the reaction of the aryl-metal compounds with the generally applied einreb -amides (N-methyl-N-rrtethoxy amide) the formation of a compound of the general formula (IV) would be expected, but the
application of this reagents renders the synthesis very expensive (Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 1993, 1991-2) .
The synthesis of the compounds of the general formula (IV) with aryl-metal compounds and acid chlorides is not expedient, as acid chlorides are highly liable to decomposition, and generally they are contaminated with inorganic acids. Thus said compounds considerably decrease the yield and increase the extent of side- reactions.
Surprisingly it has been found that the compound of the general formula (IV) can be created with the amides of the general formula (Ilia) and esters of the general formula (Illb) generally not applied for the formation of a keto group in the organometallic chemistry.
The present invention is based on the recognition that the desired 3-[2- (3 , 4-di- methoxybenzoyl) -4 , 5-dimethoxyphenyl]- pentan-2-on of the general formula (I) can be prepared by reacting an alkali or magnesium compound formed from a 3- (2- bromo-4 , 5-dimethoxyphenyl) -pentan-2-one
ketal of the general formula (II) with a compound of the general formula (Ilia) or (Illb) , and subjecting the thus-obtained 3- [2- (3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 , 5-dimethoxy- phenyl]-pentan-2-one ketals of the general formula (IV) to hydrolysis .
According to variant a) of the process according to the invention the bromo atom in the compound of the general formula (II) is exchanged for an alkali or magnesium atom, and the thus-obtained alkali or magnesium compound is reacted with a 3,4- dimethoxybenzoic acid N,N-dialkyl amide of the formula (Ilia) . The latter compounds are prepared from 3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoic acid by known methods .
The bromo atom in the compound of the general formula (II) is exchanged for an alkali atom (e.g. sodium, potassium or lithium atom) or for a magnesium atom in a Grignard reaction. According to a preferred embodiment of the process a bromine - lithium exchange is carried out. For this purpose a compound of the general formula (II) is reacted with an alkyl lithium (preferably with n-butyl lithium or
n-hexyl lithium) . The alkyl lithium is preferably applied in an alkane solution. As alkane preferably n-hexane is used. The bromo atom is exchanged for a lithium atom at a temperature between -78 °C and -10 °C, preferably at -10 °C, in anhydrous tetrahydrofurane . The thus-formed alkali or magnesium compound - preferably lithium compound - is then reacted with an approximately equimolar amount (preferably 1,0 - 1,2 mole) of the 3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoic acid N,N-dialkyl amide of the formula (Ilia) . During the process the lithium compound is expediently reacted without isolation, in the reaction mixture where it has been formed, with the 3,4- dimethoxybenzoic acid N,N-dialkyl amide of the general formula (Ilia) . The reaction is carried out at a temperature below 0 ° C , preferably at about -20 °C. The thus- obtained compound of the general formula (IV) can be isolated from the reaction mixture .
According to another embodiment of the process according to the invention the bromo atom in the compound of the general
formula (II) is exchanged for an alkali or magnesium atom, then the thus-obtained alkali or magnesium compound is transformed with a 3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoic acid alkyl ester of the general formula (Illb) into a compound of the general formula (IV) .
When the above reaction has been completed, the compound of the general formula (IV) is preferably isolated and purified by reσrystallization. The isolated ketal of the general formula (IV) is hydrolized with a mineral acid by methods known per se into the corresponding ketone of the general formula (I) .
The hydrolysis is preferably carried out with a mineral acid, particularly with diluted sulfuric acid or with diluted hydrogen chloride. The most preferable is the application of diluted sulfuric acid. The reaction is performed in a two-phase reaction mixture, preferably at a temperature between 20 °C and 40 °C. One of the phases is composed of a water- immiscible organic solvent (preferably an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as benzene, toluene or xylene; or an aliphatic
halogenated hydrocarbon, e.g. dichloro- ethane) , the other is composed of an aqueous acidic solution. In order to expedite the reaction optionally silica gel may be applied in a 2-5-fold amount related to the weight of the compound of the general formula (IV) .
The compound of the general formula (I) can also be produced directly, without isolating the intermediate compound of the general formula (IV) . During this process the compound of the general formula (IV) prepared as specified above is treated in situ with an acid, and only the ketone of the general formula (I) is isolated and purified.
The thus-obtained compound of the formula (I) may optionally be purified by recrystallization from a suitable solvent. For the recrystallization preferably a straight or branched chain aliphatic alcohol may be applied. The purity of the thus-obtained compound of the formula (I) exceeds 98%, and it is highly suitable for transformation into tofisopam.
The advantages of the process according to the invention reside in the application of environment-friendly substances and the high yield of the obtained 3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxγbenzoyl) -4,5- dimethoxyphenyl]propan-2-one intermediate of the formula (I) necessary for the production of tofisopam.
Further details of the present invention are to be found in the Examples without limiting our invention to the said Examples-.
Example 1
3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4,5-dimethoxy- phenyl]-pentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV) 17.26 g (0,05 mole) of 3- (2-bromo-4 , 5- dimethoxyphenyl) -pentan-2-one ethylene ketal (II) are dissolved in 173 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofurane , and the reaction mixture is cooled to -78 °C by the external application of dry-ice. Then 24 ml of a 2 , 5M hexane butyl lithium solution
(0,06 mole) are added within 45 minutes, under stirring. When the addition has been terminated the mixture is stirred for further 2 hours at a temperature of -78 °C . Then 10.46 g (0,05 mole) of 3, 4-dimethoxybenzoic acid N,N-dimethyl amide
(Ilia) are added to the solution, it is allowed to react for 20 minutes and the temperature is raised slowly to room temperature. After 2 hours the mixture is stirred with saturated ammonium chloride solution and extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate phase is washed with saturated sodium-chloride solution and dried over magnesium sulfate . The latter substance is then filtered off and the
filtrate is evaporated until it is free of solvent. The thus-obtained crude product is purified by recrystallization. Thus 9.0 g (42%) of the title compound melting at a temperature of 165 to 166 °C are obtained. IR (KBr) : 1638 cm"1.
HNMR (DMSO-d6, TMS , i400) : 7.35 (d, J=l .9 Hz, 1H) , 7.20 (dd, J=1.9, 8.4 Hz, 1H) , 7.08 (s, 1H) , 7.00 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 1H) , 6.75 (s, 1H) , 3.80 (s, 3H) , 3.76 (s, 3H) , 3.74 (s, 3H) , 3.65 (s, 3H) , 3.80-3.50 (m, 4H) , 3.02 (dd, J=3.7, 11.2 Hz, 1H) , 1.76 (m, 1H) , 1.62 ( , 1H) , 1.00 (s, 3H) , 0.56 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H) ppm. CNMR (DMSO-d6, TMS, i400) : 197.1, 154.6,
151.1, 149.9, 147.4, 134.8, 134.2, 132.1,
127.2, 113.1, 112.9, 112.7, 112.4, 112.0, 66.3, 65.5, 57.3, 57.0, 56.9, 50.8, 24.6, 24.0, 13.8 ppm.
Example 2
3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 ,5-dimethoxy- phenyl]-pentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV)
One proceeds as specified in Example 1, with the difference that the reaction is
carried out at a temperature of -20 °C. Thus 6.9 g (32%) of the title compound melting at 164-166 °C are obtained.
Example 3
3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 ,5-dimethoxy- phenγl]-ρentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV)
One proceeds as specified in Example 1 , with the di ference that instead of 2.5M butyl lithium solution in hexane 2.5M hexyl lithium solution in hexane is used, and the reaction is carried out at a temperature of -78 °C. Thus 8.6 g (40%) of the title compound are obtained.
Example 4
3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 ,5-dimethoxy- phenyl]-pentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV)
One proceeds as specified in Example 1 , with the difference that instead of 2.5M butyl lithium solution in hexane 2 , 5M hexyl lithium solution in hexane is used, and the reaction is carried out at a temperature of
20 °C. Thus 6.2 g (29%) of the title compound are obtained.
Example 5
3-[2- (3 , 4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 , 5-dimethoxγ- phenγl]-ρentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV)
One proceeds as specified in Example 1 , with the difference that instead of 3,4- dimethoxybenzoic acid N,N-dimethyl amide (Ilia) 9.8 g (0.05 mole) of 3,4-di- methoxybenzoic acid methyl ester are applied. Thus 6.9 g (32%) of the title compound melting at 164-166 °C are obtained.
Example 6
3-[2- (3 ,4-dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 ,,5-dimethoxy- phenγl]-pentan-2-one (I)
To a mixture of 25.0 g of silica gel, 100 ml of diσhloromethane and 2.5 ml 15% (mass/volume) of sulphuric acid solution 6.46 g (0.015 mole) of 3-[2-(3,4- dimethoxybenzoyl) -4 ,5-dim thoxyρhenγl]-
ρentan-2-one ethylene ketal (IV) are added at room temperature. The mixture thus obtained is stirred for two hours at .room temperature. The silica gel is then filtered off and washed with dichloro- methane. The dichloromethane solution is dried over magnesium sulphate and evaporated. The thus-obtained crude product is recrystallized. Thus 5.4 g (93%) of the title compound are obtained, which melts at 158-159 °C.
Example 7
3-[2- (3 , 4-dimethoxγbenzoyl) -4 , 5-dimethoxy- phenγl]-pentan-2-one (I)
One proceeds as specified in Example 6, with the difference that the compound of the general formula (IV) is not purified, but the crude product obtained according to the process specified in Examples 1 to 5 is subjected to acidic treatment, and only the thus-obtained compound of the formula (I) is purified by recrystallization. Thus 6.2 - 9.6 g of the title compound (32 - 50%
calculated for the compound of the general formula (II) ) are obtained.
Preparation of the starting substances
Example 8
3- (2-bromo-4 , 5-dimethoxyphenyl) -pentan-2- one ethylene ketal (II)
34.3 g (0.11 mole) of 3- (2-bromo-4, 5-dimethoxyphenyl) -pentan-2-one are dissolved in 250 ml of toluene, and 11.2 ml (0,20 mole) of ethylene glycol and 1.5 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid are measured to the solution. The apparatus is then equipped with a condenser, and the reaction mixture is boiled and stirred until the theoretical amount of water has been condensed off. After condensation the toluene solution is washed acid-free with sodium carbonate solution and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent is evaporated in vacuo. Thus 38 g of crude product are obtained, which is distilled off at a temperature of 149-152 °C under a pressure of ,12 Pa. Thus 36.2 g (92%) of
chromatographically unified product melting at a temperature of 44 - 45 °C are obtained.
IR (film) : 2962 (CH30) , 591 (C-Br) cm"1.
HNMR (DMSO-d6, TMS, 1400): 7.09 (s, 1H) ,
7.01 (s, 1H) , 3.94-3.77 (m, 4H) , 3.72 (s,
3H) , 3.71 (s, 3H) , 3.27 (dd, -7=3.4, 11.5
Hz, 1H) , 1.92-1.85 (m, 1H) , 1.64-1.56 (m,
1H) , 1.07 (s, 3H) , 0.63 (t, J=7.4 Hz, 3H) ppm.
CNMR (DMSO-d6, TMS, 1400): (148.3, 148.1,
132.1, 116.6, 115.1, 111.9, 110.8, 65.2,
64.4, 55.8, 55.7, 53.3, 23.3, 22.8, 11.9 ppm.
Elementary analysis : Calculated:
C 52.19%, H 6#13%, Br 23,14% Measured:
C 52,36%, H 6.12%, Br 23.23%