WO2004033936A2

WO2004033936A2 - Gear shifting method and gear shifting arrangement for a transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2004033936A2
Application number: PCT/EP2003/011037
Authority: WO
Inventors: Sergej Gardt; Uwe Hanke
Original assignee: Coreta Gmbh
Priority date: 2002-10-07
Filing date: 2003-10-06
Publication date: 2004-04-22
Also published as: DE10247394A1; WO2004033936A3; JP2006502354A; AU2003268918A1; BR0314473A; EP1565632A2; AU2003268918A8

Abstract

The invention relates to a gear shifting method for a transmission having two degrees of freedom and a gear shifting arrangement for implementing the inventive gear shifting method. Shiftable transmissions are normally shifted with setting elements that are often energetically and functionally overdimensioned. The new solution disclosed in the invention makes it possible to shift gears in a reliable manner while requiring little energy. A passive shifting member is used in the inventive solution, by means of which at least two motion curves or positions of the drive elements of the transmission can be shifted by placing the gear shifting member is a release or blocking state. The passive gear shifting member makes it possible to reduce the gear shifting operation to a purely shifting process and prevents superfluous movements of the setting elements, thereby enabling a gear shifting operation that is reliable and requires little energy. The invention can be used in all sorts of transmission with guidance, transmission and clutch functions.

Description

Scϊialtverfahren and Schal tanordmmg for egg transmission

W ith honor

The invention relates to a shifting method for a transmission with two degrees of freedom and a shifting arrangement for performing the shifting method.

A transmission is a mechanical device for transmitting movements and forces or for guiding points of a body on certain paths. These tasks can be divided into transmission tasks, which are described by corresponding transmission functions, and management tasks. These tasks can be linked in series or in parallel. However, there are also cases in which these tasks branch through an OR relationship. This allows you to choose whether a good should be moved from place 1 to place 2 OR place 3. The same also applies to a transmission task in which a decision is made, for example, between a rest OR a pilgrim step movement. The setting of such discrete states is necessary in mechanical engineering in various areas, for example in handling, locking or precision engineering. A realization takes place through mechanisms with multiple degrees of freedom, each degree of freedom is assigned to ^"a drive. The setting of the transmission is carried out directly by Actuators, such as motors, electromagnets, hydraulics, pneumatics, piezo drives, electrostatic actuators or manually and by a combination of these actuators. These solutions often require a large number of actuators and the associated complex control technology with the corresponding sensors. In addition, contamination, wear and the resulting blocking states of the gearboxes must be taken into account when dimensioning the actuators, which inevitably results in overdimensioning of the actuators. The associated overall high energy consumption often leads to very uneconomical solutions with the other points mentioned. Because of these disadvantages, a solution is sought which does not have the disadvantages of the known solutions.

The object of the invention is to make at least two states adjustable in a low-energy and reliable manner on the output of a transmission.

The object of the invention is achieved with a switching method according to claim 1 and a switching arrangement according to claim 2.

Under the - mechanical - ^■ switching in a switching method according to the invention or a switching arrangement according to the invention, the setting of discrete states, such as. in a bistable electromagnet, as opposed to continuous positioning, such as in a motor-driven actuator. Since the switching element of the electromagnet, such as the armature, is actively moved into a certain position in relation to a gear element for switching, electromagnets Active switching elements. Passive switching elements, on the other hand, have the property of having two discrete states of the mobility of their switching element, for example a compliant and a blocking. The switching element is the part of the switching element that comes into direct contact with a further gear element to be switched and absorbs movements and forces with respect to this gear element. With a yielding switching element state, its switching element is not or only slightly hindered in its mobility and within certain limits. In contrast, the mobility of the switching element is severely restricted or completely hindered in the event of a blocking switching element state. Such a passive switching element is described in patent application DE 102 17 823, but is referred to there as a passive actuator. For the task set here passive switching elements constitute the ideal solution, as they require very little energy and ^'is strictly focused on the recruitment of discrete states their function.

Shifting methods according to claim 1 and shifting arrangements according to claim 2 relate to a transmission with two degrees of freedom. The gearbox consists of a drive element and one or more output elements and a frame. The frame forms the first reference element of the transmission, which does not move relative to the transmission and in which the drive element and at least one output element are mounted. Each gear element after the frame and the drive element, regardless of whether it does work or not, is referred to as the output element. The gear unit is designed so that the output elements can move independently of the drive element. In that two transmission elements are coupled via a force element or a force field according to claims 1 and 2, the transmission is positively rotating. Force elements can be springs made of elastic materials, hydraulic or pneumatic springs and magnetic, electrical, hydrodynamic force fields or gravitational fields. Through the suitable choice of the power coupling, the gearbox is forced to run in a defined manner, that is to say to any position of the drive element. an associated position of the output elements, that is also a switchable output element and / or a further output element according to claims 1 and 2, and thus the entire transmission exists. The totality of these positions of an output but also ^' drive element can be represented by a respective movement curve. According to claims 1 and 2, a passive switching element is arranged in spatial proximity to the switchable output element. Spatially close means here that the switchable output element and the passive switching element can form an active unit. The transmission with the force coupling between two transmission elements is also designed so that in this prestressed state there is at least one state, the basic state, along the movement curve of the switchable output element in which the passive switching element, in particular the switching element of the switching element, does not exist due to the switchable drive element is burdened. An initial or stop position of the transmission is preferably advantageous for the basic state. However, there may also be an intermediate movement state during the actuation of the drive element or the transmission, in which the movement curve mentioned passes through the basic state for a certain period of time. ^' In all these cases a free switching of the passive switching element is guaranteed in the basic state ^' , since this is then not loaded according to claims 1 and 2. The passive switching element can • one compliant and one assume blocking switching state. In the yielding switching state, the passive switching element has no influence on the transmission, so that the switchable output element and / or a further output element can follow a movement curve A. In the simplest case, this movement curve A is identical to the movement curve mentioned above, which inevitably arises as a result of the prestressing of the transmission. In the blocking switching state, a different position is set on the respective output elements compared to the non-blocking switching state, so that there is also a different movement curve on the respective output element. This movement curve B is different from the movement curve A. Analogously, according to claim 2, depending on the switching element state, two layers A and B for the switchable output element and / or one

- Another output element adjustable. In both cases, the gearbox can be used with a low

Reliably implement energy expenditure at least two different switching states.

With regard to the implementation of the switching tasks and the transmission design and the reliability of the switchable transmission, there are great advantages if, according to claim 3, the passive switching element is switched electrically and, according to claim 4, the movement curves and / or the position of transmission elements or according to claim 13, the movement curve and / or the position of the switching element can be tracked or queried with the aid of sensors. The sensor can be, for example, a Hall element or just an electrical switch or an arrangement acting as an electrical switch in connection with the switching element or a gear element. A corresponding transmission can thus be easily combined with an electronic ^" control and monitoring of the transmission circuit. There are advantages in particular in the case of manually driven transmissions. according to claim 5, where in practice electrical switching functions are often set up afterwards. Here ^'due to the low energy consumption of passive circuit elements has always been a favorable energy balance than with active switching elements.

This applies to a large extent to the entire field of application of the locks, which originally represented purely mechanical constructions. For the electrical switching of the lock functions and the lock release or lock blocking, an arrangement of a corresponding transmission according to claim 6 in a lock is therefore particularly advantageous. Here, lock-type gear elements can be directly integrated into the switchable transmission, for example by the switchable output element or a further output element being designed directly as a latch or as a bolt or according to claim 8 the drive element as a bolt. The passive switching element can be arranged locally separate from the shiftable transmission, is disposed about by the passive circuit element in the door frame according to claim 9 or lock side and the transmission rieg ^'el- or door side. If the door is closed, all gear elements and the passive switching element are clearly fixed to each other to fulfill the switching tasks.

The process of locking a lock must be considered separately from the process of opening it. For certain locks and lock functions, it is therefore advantageous if, according to claim 10, a locking possibility exists independently of the switching state of the passive switching element or the position of the drive element, for example a door handle, a rotary knob or a door bolt. According to claim 11, another field of application is gearboxes which have the task of guiding goods, for example sorting, holding or releasing them, or - depending on the task - moving on different ^'track curves. Finally, according to claim 12. also the use of the switching method according to the invention for performing a clutch possible. Here, the passive switching element can be used to set different transmission functions to fulfill different coupling tasks.

The invention is explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment.

Show in the drawing

1 is a five-link transmission for representing the method according to the invention in an arrangement according to the invention,

Fig. 2 is a lock with three-bar on the bolt side

3 a partial view of the transmission from FIG. 2 with a passive switching element on the lock side in different locking positions,

4 shows partial views of the transmission from FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 with the latch on the lock side in different locking positions, FIG. 5 transmission arrangement in the nut area of a mortise lock of a door,

Fig. 6 a castle with a three gears, Fig. 7 are side views of the castle from FIG. ^"6 at different. Latch positions. In Fig. 1, a 5-link gear is shown with which two guiding tasks can be carried out along the prescribed trajectory A 1 and trajectory B 2. The drive element 3, a crank, is mounted in the frame 4 and drives the coupled output elements 5, which are designed as a coupling 6, rocker 7 and sliding block 8. The forced operation is achieved according to claim 2 via two, between the output elements 5, rocker 7 and sliding block 8, arranged force elements 9 in the form of two preloaded springs. The passive switching element 10 is arranged next to the output element 5, rocker 7, and is relieved in the illustrated state. The state shown in FIG. 1 thus simultaneously embodies the basic state of the transmission. If the passive switching element 10 is in a blocking switching element state and hinders with its blocked switching element 24 the movement of the output element 5, rocker 7, then the coupling point 11 follows the movement curve B 2. If the movement of the output element 5, rocker 7 follows Claim 1 not hindered by the passive switching element 10, the coupling point 11 follows the movement curve A 1. Switching between the movement curves A 1 and the movement curve B 2 is, according to claim 11, for guiding or sorting goods, for example along the coupling point 11 , suitable.

Fig. 2 shows a three-part transmission for use as a bolt transmission in locks according to claim 6. It consists of a bolt frame 12, a twist grip 13 as the drive element 3 and a bolt 14 as the output element 5. Between the twist grip 13 and bolt 14 there is a spring 15 and another spring 16 between the locking frame 12 and the rotary handle 13. The gear mechanism is firmly anchored in a door 17 with the locking frame 12. When closing door 17 the part of the bolt 14 designed as a hook, the bolt hook 18, snaps behind the latch 20 located in the lock 19 and resiliently placed against a stop 20. The switching element 24 of the passive switching element 10 is located directly below the bolt hook 18 the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 in Fig. 3 shown in different positions phases of the drive element 3 rotary handle 13. The basic position is shown in Fig. 3 a and is realized according to claims 1 and 2 via the force element 9, spring 15. The forced movement to the output element 5, bolt 14, results from a spring preload between the drive element 3, twist grip 13, and the output element 5, bolt 14, which makes the adjustment of the transmission independent of the drive direction. When the switching element state of the passive switching element 10 is blocked, a drive angle 21 which is greater than the output angle 22 results in a catch on the output element 5, latch 14, see FIG. 3b. Bolt 14 synchronous with the drive member 3, rotary handle 13 until the drive angle 21 reaches the maximum output angle 23, see FIG. 3 c, without a catch on the output member 5, bolt 14. Utilizing the transfer function which can be switched according to claim 1, the release of the output member 5, bolt 14, of the transmission gear can be switched. The bolt 14 is arranged on the door side and is held by the latch 20 when the door is closed in the lock 19 by positive locking on the bolt hook 18. This positive locking is in accordance with FIG. 3 a and FIG. 4 a in the basic position and when the passive switching element 10 is blocking in accordance with FIG. 3 b and FIG. 4 b. When the passive switching element 10 yields, as shown in FIG. 4 c, the positive connection between the bolt 14, in particular the bolt hook 18, and the latch 20 is overcome and the bolt 14 is released on the lock side. Through the implementation of a chamfer on the bolt 14 and the coupling of the spring 16 independent of the direction of rotation, the lock-side locking according to claim 10 is also realized independently of the angle of rotation of the drive element 3.

5 shows the gear arrangement in the nut area of a mortise lock and, according to claims 1 to 3, 5, 6 and 12, describes a clutch application in a gear according to the invention using a passive switching element 10. A drive element 3 and an output element 5 are in the same Pivot 25 stored. The pivot point 25 is firmly anchored in a frame 4. Another output element 5, a lever 26, represents a switchable output element 5. It is mounted in the drive element 3 and is biased against the output element 5 via a spring 15 and a nose 27 located on it. Fig. 5 a shows the basic state of the transmission. When the drive element 3 is rotated by a drive angle 21, see FIG. 5 b, the spring 15 relaxes and rotates the lever 26 about a pivot point 28. If the passive switching element 10 fixed in the frame 4 blocks the movement of the lever 26, this can happen As shown in FIG. 5 c, drive element 5 is rotated at least by one drive angle 29 without moving the output element 5 as well. When the switching element state of the passive switching element 10 yields, the lever 26 is not hindered and can pivot into the notch of the output element 5 by a lever angle 30, see FIG. 5 d. From a certain drive angle 31, the output element 5 is engaged. This moves in the further course of how shown in Fig. 5 e, the output member 5 in synchronization with the drive element 3 ^{^'•} During the. startup cycle, until reaching the drive angle 31 is the output element 5, see Fig. 5 d, at rest. From the drive angle 31, the further movement, see FIG. 5 e, of the drive element 3 takes place synchronously with the output element 5 with a constant angle difference between a drive angle 32 and an output angle 22 in the size of a drive angle 31. This coupling can be mounted on the door side as well as on the frame side and can be used to set bolts or latches, or can also be provided as a component in other applications.

6 describes a 3-link transmission according to claims 1 and 2, in which according to claims 8 and 9 a bolt 14 ^" and a passive switching element 10 and the transmission are arranged on the lock side. In the lock 19 there is a drive element 3 with a locking function a locking roller 33, which is designed in such a way that it allows two directions of movement. When the locking bolt 14 is moved into the lock 19, the locking bolt 14 moves the locking roller 33 in the axial direction, locks itself in it with its locking hook 18 and thus enables the lock to be locked 19. the opening of the lock 19 can only take place by rotation of the latch roller 33 ^'. with the decoupling of the movements of opening and closing is independent of the switching state of the passive circuit element 10 according to claim 10, the closing of the lock 19 is possible. the latch roller 33 is on the Force element 9, a spring 15, is coupled to the frame 4, the lock 19. The spring 15 is rotatory against the connection ag 34 and biased in the axial direction against the lock 19 and thus ensures, according to claim 1, for the basic state of Drive element 3 locking roller 33. The locking lever 35 is mounted in the locking roller 33 at the pivot point 25 as a switchable output element 5. As can be seen in Fig. 7 a, the positive movement of the locking lever 35 is realized according to claim 1 via a spring 36 and the geometry of the locking roller 3.3 and locking lever 35. The springs 15 and 36 thus' in conjunction with stop 34 in the lock 19 for the basic state of the entire transmission, in which the passive switching element 10 is unloaded according to claim 1. When the bolt 14 moves out of the lock 19 through the bolt path 37, see FIG. 7 b, the bolt roller 33 rotates about the drive angle 21 and the passive switching element 10 is loaded. If the passive switching element 10 is blocked, the locking lever 35 begins to rotate about the pivot point 25. As soon as the latch 14 moves around the latch path 38, see FIG. 7 c, with the passive switching element 10 blocking, the latch roller 33 rotates further about the drive angle 31. That too _. Locking lever 35 rotates accordingly about the output angle 22 in the opposite direction about the pivot point 25. When the position shown in FIG. 7 c is reached, the locking lever 35 blocks the locking roller 33 via a positive fit in the lock 19. When the passive switching element 10 yields, the locking lever 35 remains in the basic state relative to the locking roller 33. As a result, the locking roller 33 can be moved beyond the drive angle 31. After a bolt path 39 of the bolt 14, the bolt roller 33 reaches the drive angle 32 and thus releases the bolt 14, see FIG. 7 d. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Path curve A

Trajectory B

driving element

frame

output element

paddock

wing

slide

Kraftelerαent

Passive switching element

crosspoint

bar frame

rotary handle

bars

feather

door

latch hook

lock

Cases

Drive incl

output angle

Schalte1ement

pivot point

lever

nose

pivot point

drive angle

lever angle

drive angle

bars roll

attack

locking lever

feather

Riegelweg

Claims

claims

1.shifting method for a transmission with two degrees of freedom, in which a passive shifting element is arranged in spatial proximity to a switchable output element and at least two transmission elements are coupled via force elements and / or force fields in such a way that the transmission is inevitable and has a basic state, in which the passive switching element is not loaded by the switchable output element and in which, as a result of an actuation of the drive element, the switchable output element loads the passive switching element and the switchable output element and / or a further output element follows a movement curve A in a yielding switching element state and in a blocking state Switching element state led to a movement curve B or its movement is prevented.

2.Shifting arrangement for a transmission with two degrees of freedom, in which a passive shifting element is arranged in spatial proximity to a switchable output element and at least two transmission elements are coupled via force elements and / or force fields in such a way that the transmission is forcible and has a basic state, in which the passive switching element is not loaded by the switchable output element and in which the switchable output element and / or a further output element is in a position A in a yielding switching element state and in a position B in a blocking switching element state.

3. Switching method according to claim 1, characterized in that the passive switching element is switched electrically.

4. The switching method of claim 1, characterized ^■ in that the motion curves and / or able to be followed by transmission elements by means of sensors or queried.

5. Shifting method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmission is driven manually.

6. Switching arrangement according to claim 2, characterized in that the transmission is arranged in a lock.

7. Switching arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the switchable output element or a further output element is designed as a latch or as a bolt.

8. Switching arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the drive element is designed as a bolt.

9. Switching arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the passive switching element is arranged on the lock side and the transmission on the bolt or door side.

10. Switching arrangement according to one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that a locking possibility exists regardless of the switching state of the passive switching element or the position of the drive element.

11. Switching method according to one of claims 1, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that goods are carried with the transmission.

12. Shifting method according to one of claims 1, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that a transmission function of the transmission which is dependent on the shifting state of the passive shifting element is used to carry out a clutch function.

13. Switching method according to claims 1 or 3, characterized in that the movement curve and / or the position of the switching element is tracked or queried with the aid of sensors.