WO2004033828A1

WO2004033828A1 - Electrically unblockable release device for doors

Info

Publication number: WO2004033828A1
Application number: PCT/EP2003/011075
Authority: WO
Inventors: Lothar Ginzel; Alfons Fritzer
Original assignee: Dorma Gmbh + Co. Kg
Priority date: 2002-10-07
Filing date: 2003-10-07
Publication date: 2004-04-22
Also published as: DE10246665C5; ES2305565T3; EP1590545B1; DE10246665B3; AU2003276068A1; ATE391819T1; DE50309602D1; EP1590545A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrically unblockable release device (26) for doors, which is suitable for integrating into door frames of single doors or into the fixed leaf of double doors. Said release device (26) comprises a blocking lever (33) which acts on a catch (35) and is blocked or released by an armature (1) of an electromagnet. The release device (26) functions according to the closed-circuit current principle and the coil (2) of the electromagnet is embodied in such a way that the housing (15) thereof simultaneously forms an abutment for the U-shaped armature (1), in such a way that the armature (1) is guided beneath the coil (2).

Description

Title: Electrically unlockable release device for doors

description

The invention relates to an electrically unlockable release device for doors, which is suitable for installation in door frames of single-leaf doors or in the passive leaf of double-leaf doors, the doors being equipped with a lock that has a latch and the release device has a locking lever, which acts on a pawl and is locked or released by an armature of an electromagnet.

Electrically actuated release devices for doors are well known. They serve as door openers for switching or unlocking doors. They generally have an armature that can be actuated by an electrically controllable coil. In such electromechanical door openers, a bolt is held in a locked position by means of a spring-loaded hinged anchor which is mounted at one end in a housing, which bolt is likewise rotatably mounted at one end in the housing and is in engagement with the latch of the door opener , The trap is also spring-loaded and pivotally mounted in the housing. If such an electromagnet is actuated, the hinged armature is tightened and the bolt is released. With a corresponding pressure against the door, the released latch of the door is pivoted due to the protruding lock latch. Folding anchors have the disadvantage that such an electromagnetic door opener can be opened without energization by corresponding knocking or shaking on the door. This is due to the fact that the hinged armature performs pivoting movements in the event of corresponding vibrations. At the same time Pressure against such a door can evade the lock latch as soon as the hinged anchor briefly releases the bolt acting on the latch due to the vibrations. The safety function of a door opener with a hinged anchor is therefore not always guaranteed.

US Pat. No. 3,638,984 shows a door opener in which a pawl interacts with a lever, on the one arm of which a roller is arranged. Such a role obviously fulfills the task of reducing jamming of the pawl compared to a locking lever.

DE 100 50 111 C1 shows a general locking device for emergency exit doors with a wall and an electromagnetically acting locking unit that can be fastened on the frame side and a ferromagnetic anchor plate that can be fastened on the door side. A so-called remanence pin sits axially within the coils used there in order to be able to avoid the harmful disturbances caused by the residual magnetism. Such a remanence pin makes it easier to fall off and thus to release the locking device.

An electrically switchable locking device, such as is used for windows or doors, is disclosed in DE 196 17 151 A1. To interrogate the striking plate used there, a switch contact is provided that reports the locking status of the door. The switching contact is actuated via a contact pin.

A closed-circuit electric strike, which is equipped with a latch pivotably mounted in its housing and includes lever members provided with interlocking stop surfaces that can be locked and released, can be found in DE-GM 75 32 907. With such closed-circuit current door openers, there is a risk that the door cannot be operated in the event of a power failure if it is simultaneously pressurized. You can Such pressurizing traps occur when, for example, a person pushes against the door and the door opener has not yet been actuated. Such a door opener cannot therefore be installed in escape and rescue routes, since in the event of panic, pressure can be exerted against a door to open it by the people who want to get out of a building.

DE 40 33 840 C2 describes an electromagnetically operable door opener which contains a panic function for one or two-leaf doors. Various locking elements are coupled via corresponding toggle levers with spokes and the armature of a lifting magnet in such a way that the pre-closed lock latch and the bolt will hold the applied magnets in the event of a quiescent current. The interruption of the quiescent current causes a release in which the energy stored in a spring pulls the armature out of the lifting magnet and transfers it to a release position via a mechanical coupling.

DE 39 42 379 A1 shows a locking device in which an armature of an electromagnet is displaceably supported when loaded by springs and, at the same time, causes a pawl to be locked when the electromagnet is not energized. An electromechanically controlled door opener, which is disclosed in EP 0 278 359 B1, works according to the same principle.

DE 297 18 378 U1 also shows a locking device for a lock, in which the armature of an electromagnet is positively guided within a guide bore.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrically actuable and thus unlockable release device which can be used in any can be used in the installation position and the door can always be opened even under pressure.

This object is achieved by the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the subject matter of claim 1 result from the subclaims.

With a release device specified in claim 1 it can be achieved that such a release device can be arranged in any installation positions. Also, as will be described below, such a release device is able to release a pressurized pawl even when the release device, which works according to the closed-circuit principle, is not energized. An armature of an electromagnet is designed so that it is preferably U-shaped. At the same time, the free legs of the armature virtually wrap around a coil of an electromagnet. Both on the armature and on the electromagnet there are guiding devices which enable the armature to move axially relative to the coil. The coil is fastened in the base of a housing of the release device. The guide device is designed in such a way that there are guide tracks on the inner sides of the legs of the armature, which cooperate with counter bearings located below the coil. Such a construction ensures that the armature cannot fall out of the housing when installed. The armature is not attached to any other points and is therefore only slidably mounted below the coil; the anchor is spring-loaded. If the coil is not energized, one of the spring bearings causes a central part, which connects the two legs of the armature, to be loaded with two springs so that the armature can be pressed out of its release direction by a locking lever. A spring also pushes the armature in the opposite direction. To ensure that the armature between the housing of the coil and the bottom of the release device does not cause great friction, these areas are equipped with a sliding guide. In addition, the sliding guides can also be coated with a high-performance ceramic. Such a high-performance ceramic consists, for. B. from the finest ceramic particles that are only a few millionths of a millimeter in size. The ceramic particles are used in a chemical substance using a sol-gel process. A resulting material can e.g. B. applied by spraying and retains its ceramic properties and adds new ones that include a new ability. This new ability distinguishes z. B. from very good sliding properties.

On one leg of the anchor there is e.g. B. a role that is pivoted. Instead of the role z. B. a wedge, which is spring loaded accordingly, can be used. A locking surface of the locking lever interacts with both the roller and the wedge. When the coil is energized, the armature is advanced in a locking direction which does not allow the locking lever to release the pawl. In this position, the locking surface rests on the wedge or on the roller and can therefore not be pivoted due to the locking lever mounted on one side. Only when the armature was de-energized would this be pushed away from the yoke of the coil due to the return spring and thus moved in a release direction. This stroke means that the locking surface no longer presses against the roller or the like and the locking lever can therefore be pressed over the roller or the wedge due to the force exerted by the locking pawl against a spring located on the locking lever. If the pawl is pivoted, the latch of the lock can pass the pivoted pawl of the release device. In the locked operating position, the pawl is locked against rotation with respect to the latch. In this position it is necessary to either manually operate the lock, which would mean that the latch is pulled into the lock. However, even in the case of doors with a panic function, in the event of panic, such an unlockable release device can be activated from a control room.

In order to be able to carry out a precise adjustment of the locking lever, it can be mounted eccentrically, for example, at its one-sided pivot point. By turning the eccentric, the point of engagement and thus also the release point of the blocking surface are changed.

Furthermore, there is a feedback in the electrically unlockable release device for the position of the armature relative to the coil, whereby two states "armature pulled" or "armature not tightened" can be displayed. In the same way, there is a feedback for the entry of the latch of the lock into the release device. A spring-loaded lever is provided for this purpose, which is embedded within the pawl. The impact of the latch on the lever, in conjunction with a corresponding switching element, causes a feedback as to whether the latch is retracted or not.

Further details and features as well as advantages of the invention result from the following description of a preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

Figure 1: An electrically unlockable release device in plan view with a locked pawl. Figure 2: Like Figure 1, but with a released pawl.

Figure 3: An arrangement of the switching elements for the feedback.

Figure 4: A section of a locking lever with an adjustment via an eccentric.

Figure 5: A coil according to the invention with an armature in a plan view.

Figure 6: A top view of the anchor used in Figure 5.

Figure 7: A side view of the coil (yoke) used in Figure 5.

Figure 8: A front view of the coil according to the invention.

Figure 9: A rear view of the coil used in the invention.

Figures 10 - 13: Different side views of the anchor used.

Figure 14: A rear view of the anchor.

In the figures, the electrically unlockable release device for doors according to the invention has only been shown to the extent that it is important for the explanation of the invention. An anchor 1 and an associated coil 2 for an electrically unlockable release device 26 for a door are shown in the figures. The anchor 1 is U-shaped according to the invention and has two free legs 4 and 5. Guide tracks 8 are arranged on the two legs 4 and 5, with which the armature 1 can be slidably guided on or under the coil 1. In order to improve the sliding of the armature 1, a sliding coating 18 is preferably provided on the guide tracks 8 of the U-shaped armature 1 and on the counter bearings 12 of the coil 2 and on a bottom 54 of a housing 28 of the release device 26. By such a sliding guide, the z. B. can consist of a high-performance ceramic, the armature 1 can be moved in the housing 28 of the release device 26 against the counter bearing 12 on the coil 2 with a very low coefficient of friction. By reducing the frictional forces, the power of the coil 2 can also be reduced, which means a reduction in the power consumption and thus enables a smaller size of a release device 26 according to the invention.

At its free end, one leg 5 of the U-shaped armature 1 carries a fork 19 which is penetrated by an axis 7 on which a locking roller 6 is mounted. In the same leg 5 there is also a spring chamber 21 designed as a blind hole, which extends axially parallel to the leg 5 and serves to receive a spring 10. Furthermore, an essentially centrally arranged roller 25 is mounted on the leg 5. Instead of the stationary roller, a spring-loaded wedge can also be used.

The other leg 4 of the U-shaped armature 1 is provided with two spring chambers 22, 23, each designed as a blind hole, which are arranged one behind the other on a common axis and are aligned axially parallel to the leg 4. These spring chambers 22, 23 serve to accommodate two springs 16, 17 (see Figures 6 and 7). Furthermore, two rollers 24 can be mounted on the leg 4, which, like a roller 25 on the leg 5, project slightly with their outer circumference over the outer contour of the leg 4 (cf. FIG. 11). The rollers 24 and 25 are used when the sliding coating 18 is not used to reduce the coefficient of friction.

A remanence pin 9 is mounted on the armature 1, which is arranged essentially centrally in a middle part 20 connecting the two legs 4, 5 and projects into the interior of the U-shaped armature 1 in the direction of the free ends of the legs 4, 5 (cf. Figures 5 and 14) and is loaded with a leaf spring, not shown.

The coil 2 is mounted in the space enclosed by the two legs 4, 5. The coil 2 consists of a housing 15 on which two guide surfaces are formed as counter bearings 12 to the guide tracks 8. This makes it clear that the armature 1 is designed as a slide and is pulled against the coil 2 when the coil 2 is energized. The springs 16, 17 and 10 serve as restoring forces. Due to this construction, the armature 1 is positively guided on the counter bearings 12 on both sides, which at the same time defines a stable installation position. A bobbin with winding 14 is mounted in the housing 15. The coil former 14 is provided with a central opening in which a coil core 13 is seated. The coil former 14 is further provided on the outward-facing side with connections 3 for a power supply. On the housing 15, which is designed as a yoke, there is also a coil fastening 11, with which the housing 15 can be fastened on or in the housing 28. The housing 15 of the coil 2 is made entirely or partially of a ferromagnetic material; also anchor 1. FIG. 1 shows the locked release device 26, which means that the armature 1 has been pulled in a locking direction 32 due to the magnetic forces generated via the coil 2. The springs 10 support the magnetic forces of the coil 2.

A locking surface 48 of a locking lever 33 bears against the roller 6. The locking lever 33 is rotatably supported on one side at its end opposite the locking surface 48 via an axis of rotation 46. Inside the locking lever 33 there is a blind bore 38 in which a spring 37 is immersed and at the other end is supported against a wall of the housing 28. The axis of rotation 46 can, as shown in FIG. 4, also be designed as an eccentric 53 in order to be able to effect a stepless adjustment of the locking lever 33. On the side opposite the blind bore 38 there is a contact surface 45 on the locking lever 33 which cooperates with a projection 36 of the pawl 35. As can be seen in the locked position, the pawl 35, which is rotatably supported via axles 44, cannot be pivoted because of the projection 36 because the locking lever 33 prevents it.

In addition, FIG. 1 shows indentations 30 and 40 at the ends of the housing 28, in which there are terminal strips 29 and 39, which are required both for the electrical supply to the coil 2 and for the messages from the switches 41 and 42. There are also bores 34 in the housing in order to be able to connect a corresponding striking plate and thus to ensure the installation of the release device 26.

FIG. 2 shows the state in which the armature 1 is pressed into a release direction 31 due to the spring 16 due to the fact that the coil 2 is not energized. In this position, the springs 10 are compressed at the moment when the release lever 33 by the pawl 35 is pivoted. In this position, the locking surface 48 can be pushed past the roller 6. By using a roller, a reduction in the coefficient of friction between the locking surface 48 and roller 6 is also brought about here.

By pivoting the pawl 35, the projection 36 passes the contact surface 45 of the locking lever 33, which enables the pawl 35 to rotate. By turning the pawl 35, it is possible to open the connected door without actuating the door handle. This is particularly important for doors in escape and rescue routes.

The illustration in FIG. 3 provides a view of the switches 41 and 42. The switch 41 is important for querying the armature 1, the actuation of the switch 41 being effected by a switching flag 51 in the exemplary embodiment.

A switch pin 49 is located on the switch 42, which interacts with a button 50 of the lever 47 of the trap query. The lever 47 is slidably supported within the housing 28 in a guide groove 52. When retracting a trap, not shown, the lever 47 in the illustration in FIG. 3 would be shifted to the left, which would cause the switch 42 to be actuated due to the interaction of the button 50 with the switching pin 49. So that the lever 47 can be pushed back into its starting position, there is a spring 43 between the lever 47 and a housing wall of the housing 28, which is not described in any more detail.

The electrically unlockable release device 26 described above can be used for any installation position and can also be unlocked under pressure on the pawl 35 if the armature 1 falls off. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 anchor

2 coil 3 connections

4 legs

5 legs

6 locking roller

7 axis 8 guideway

9 Retentive pen

10 spring

11 spool attachment

12 counter bearings 13 coil core

14 bobbins with winding

15 housing

16 spring

17 spring 18 slide coating

19 fork

20 middle section

21 spring chamber

22 spring chamber 23 spring chamber

24 roll

25 roll

26 release device

28 Housing 29 Terminal strip

30 indentation releasing direction

reverse direction

locking lever

drilling

pawl

head Start

feather

blind hole

terminal block

indentation

switch

feather

axis

approach surface

axis of rotation

Lever (trap query)

blocking surface

switch Probe

button

Schaltfahne

guide

eccentric

ground

Claims

claims

1. Electrically unlockable release device (26) for doors, which is suitable for installation in the door frame of single-leaf doors or in the passive leaf of double-leaf doors, the doors being equipped with a lock, which has a latch, and the release device (26) has a locking lever (33) which acts on a pawl (35) and is locked or released by an armature (1) of an electromagnet, characterized in that the release device (26) operates according to the closed-circuit principle and the electromagnet a coil ( 2), the housing (15) of which is designed such that a U-shaped armature (1) is guided on or in the housing (15) and is pressed away from the coil (2) by a spring element (16) in the de-energized state becomes.

2. Release device according to claim 1, characterized in that the U-shaped armature (1) preferably has guide tracks (8) arranged on its leg (4, 5).

3. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the housing (15) there are counter bearings (12) for the guideways (8) on which the armature (1) is guided.

4. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter bearing (12) are arranged laterally on the housing (15).

5. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) is axially displaceably mounted to the housing (15).

6. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) on the free leg (5) is provided with a fork (19) in which a locking roller (6) is rotatably mounted or a spring-loaded wedge is arranged displaceably which cooperates with a locking surface (48) of the locking lever (33).

7. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that spring chambers (21, 22, 23) for receiving springs (10, 16, 17) are preferably present in the lateral legs (4, 5).

8. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the leg (5), the spring chamber (21) and in the leg (4) two spring chambers (22, 23) are provided.

9. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the armature (1) rollers (24, 25) are provided, preferably two rollers (24) on the leg (4) and one roller (25) on the leg (5) is rotatably mounted.

10. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the armature (1) at least in some areas, preferably on the guideways (8), and / or on its underside, which to a bottom (54) of the release device. Direction (26) receiving housing (28), is provided with a sliding coating (18).

11. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding coating (18) consists of a high-performance ceramic.

12. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a remanence pin (9) is preferably movably mounted in a central part (20) of the armature (1) connecting the two legs (4, 5).

13. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a latch query (47) is arranged in the form of a displaceable lever which is loaded with a spring (43) and actuates a switch (42) within the pawl (35).

14. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking position of the armature (1) is queried by a switch (41).

15. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking lever (33) with a spring (37) which is immersed in a blind bore (38).

16. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the locking lever (33) has a rotatable bearing with an axis of rotation (46) at one end and the locking surface (48) at its other end.

17. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation (46) is equipped with an eccentric (53) for adjusting the locking lever (33).

18. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (15) of the coil (2) consists of a ferromagnetic material.

19. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing (15) of the coil (2) has on its underside a coil attachment (11) which is connected to the bottom (54) of the housing (28).

20. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the release device (26) can be installed in any position and can cause a release of the trap properly in any installation position.

21. Release device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the release device (26) for

Doors in escape and rescue routes and / or fire protection doors can be used.