WO2004029404A1 - Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes - Google Patents

Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2004029404A1
WO2004029404A1 PCT/US2002/030950 US0230950W WO2004029404A1 WO 2004029404 A1 WO2004029404 A1 WO 2004029404A1 US 0230950 W US0230950 W US 0230950W WO 2004029404 A1 WO2004029404 A1 WO 2004029404A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ofthe
buoyant spheres
conveyance pipe
seal
pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2002/030950
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
George Boyadjieff
Original Assignee
Varco I/P, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Varco I/P, Inc. filed Critical Varco I/P, Inc.
Priority to AU2002327078A priority Critical patent/AU2002327078A1/en
Priority to US10/259,550 priority patent/US6588501B1/en
Priority to DE60212731T priority patent/DE60212731T2/de
Priority to CNB028294254A priority patent/CN1329619C/zh
Priority to EP02761843A priority patent/EP1552104B1/fr
Priority to PCT/US2002/030950 priority patent/WO2004029404A1/fr
Priority to JP2004539749A priority patent/JP3983765B2/ja
Priority to CA002492809A priority patent/CA2492809C/fr
Publication of WO2004029404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2004029404A1/fr
Priority to NO20051547A priority patent/NO327922B1/no

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/001—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor specially adapted for underwater drilling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to sub-sea oil and gas wells. More particularly, the present invention relates to a pump for reducing the density of a drilling fluid in sub-sea oil and gas wells.
  • a hollow cylindrical tube typically referred to as a riser
  • a string of drill pipe as well as drilling fluid may be placed within the hollow portion of the cylindrical tube.
  • drilling mud This column of fluid is commonly referred to as the mud column.
  • the density of the drilling mud is up to 50% greater than the density of the seawater.
  • the spheres need to be pumped down to the a lower end of the mud column, near the drilling surface on the ocean floor, and injected into the mud column.
  • conventional pumps cannot supply the amount of force necessary to pump relatively large spheres to the ocean floor.
  • small spheres must be used.
  • small spheres are not as efficient at decreasing the drilling mud density as large spheres are.
  • the spheres return to the upper end of the mud column, they must be separated from the drilling mud, so that both the drilling mud and the spheres may be reused. It is much easier to separate large spheres from the drilling mud than it is to separate small spheres f om the drilling mud.
  • An exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a pumping system for injecting buoyant spheres into an oil or gas well comprising: a feeder containing a plurality of buoyant spheres; and a sphere pump in proximity to the feeder, having first and second rotatable wheels, wherein the first wheel has a plurality of notches and the second wheel has a corresponding plurality of notches, such that during rotation of the wheels the first and second wheel notches temporarily combine to form a plurality of pockets, wherein each pocket receives then ejects one of the plurality of buoyant spheres from the feeder during rotation of the first and second wheels.
  • the pumping system for inj ecting buoyant spheres into an oil or gas well further comprises a conveyance pipe having proximal and distal ends, wherein its proximal end is connected to an outlet of the sphere pump and its distal end is connected to a lower end of an oil or gas well; and a second pump in fluid communication with the conveyance pipe.
  • Another embodiment of the present invention includes a method of reducing a density of a drilling fluid in an oil or gas well comprising: conveying a plurality of buoyant spheres to a feeder; providing a sphere pump in proximity to the feeder, which applies a first force to the plurality of buoyant spheres, wherein the sphere pump is connected to a proximal end of a conveyance pipe and wherein a distal end of the conveyance pipe is connected to a lower end of a portion of an oil or gas well that is adjacent to the drilling fluid; providing a second pump in fluid communication with the proximal end of the conveyance pipe, which applies a second force to the plurality of buoyant spheres, wherein the first and second forces cause the buoyant spheres to be injected into the drilling fluid to decrease the density of the drilling fluid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic of a pumping system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2A is a schematic of a sphere pump of the pumping system of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 2B is a top view of a sphere pump of FIG. 2 A;
  • FIG. 3 is schematic of the pumping system of FIG. 1, with the addition of a fluid displacement pump
  • FIG. 4 is schematic of the pumping system of FIG. 1, with the addition of an air compressor pump.
  • the invention is directed a pumping system 10 for inj ecting buoyant spheres 12 into an oil or gas well 14.
  • the pumping system 10 is used in a sub-sea oil or gas well 14.
  • a hollow cylindrical column (commonly referred to as a riser 17) is inserted into the ocean, such that the riser 17 extends from a drilling surface on the ocean floor 18 to a position near or above the ocean surface.
  • a string of drill pipe 20 as well as drilling fluid (commonly referred to as drilling mud 22, or mud) may be placed within the hollow portion of the riser 17.
  • This fluid column is commonly referred to as a mud column 16.
  • the pumping system 10 of the current invention accomplishes this by pumping buoyant spheres 12, having a density at least less than the density of the drilling mud 22, into the mud column 16.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 may be made of any suitable material that can withstand a pressure in the range of about 500 psi to about 5000 psi and having a density at least less than the density of the drilling mud 22.
  • the drilling mud 22 typically has a density in the range of about 9 ppg to about 16 ppg and each buoyant sphere 12 of the current invention typically has a density in the range of about 3 ppg to about 5 ppg.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 are comprised of a porous plastic material, such as polystyrene.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 are comprised of a hollow metal material, such as steel. In the depicted embodiment of FIG. 1 , the buoyant spheres 12 are fed into a sphere pump
  • the feeder 26 may be a conically shaped vibratory feeder common to many bulk feeding systems.
  • the feeder ensures that the buoyant spheres 12 properly enter the sphere pump 24.
  • the sphere pump 24 may comprise an inlet 28 disposed adjacent to the feeder 26 and having a channel 29 with a diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter of the buoyant spheres 12.
  • the inlet channel 29 feeds the buoyant spheres 12 into a wheel portion of the sphere pump 24.
  • the wheel portion comprises a first wheel 30 and a second wheel 32.
  • Each wheel 30 and 32 comprises a plurality of notches, i.e., the first wheel 30 comprises a plurality of notches 33 and the second wheel 32 comprises a plurality of notches 34.
  • the sphere pump 24 may comprise a drive shaft 35 and each wheel 30 and 32 may comprise a matching or synchronizing gear, such as a first synchronizing gear 36 and a second synchronizing gear 38.
  • the drive shaft 35 is connected to the second synchronizing gear 38, and the second synchronizing gear 38 meshes with the first synchronizing gear 36, such that the drive shaft 35 drives each gear 36 and 38 and therefore each wheel 30 and 32.
  • the synchronizing gears 36 and 38 may be oriented such that they counter rotate with respect to each other, which in turn causes the wheels 30 and 32 to counter rotate with respect to each other.
  • the synchronizing gears 36 and 38 may contain meshing teeth of a number, size, and orientation to ensure that each notch in the plurality of first wheel notches 33 is aligned with a corresponding notch in the plurality of second wheel notches 34, such that during rotation ofthe wheels 30 and32, each aligned pair of notches forms apocket, and the plurality of notches 33 and 34 form a plurality of pockets 40.
  • each notch of the plurality of notches 33 and 34 is generally hemispherical, such that during rotation ofthe wheels 30 and 32 each aligned pair of notches forms a generally spherical pocket.
  • the spherical pocket may have a diameter that is substantially equal to the diameter ofthe buoyant spheres 12.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 are relatively large in diameter.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 may have a diameter in the range of about 1 inch to about 3 inches. Although other sphere diameters may be used with the pumping system 10 of the present invention, large buoyant spheres provide a number of advantages over relatively small buoyant sphere.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 return to an upper end of the mud column 16, they are separated from the mud 22 before reuse of both the mud 22 and the buoyant spheres 12. It is easier to separate the mud 22 from large spheres than it is to separate the mud 22 from small spheres. In addition, small spheres are not as efficient at decreasing the density ofthe mud 22 as large spheres are. hi one embodiment, the outer diameter of each wheel 30 and 32 is approximately ten times larger in diameter than the diameters ofthe buoyant spheres 12 and the plurality of notches 33 and 34 are formed in and equally spaced about the outer diameters ofthe wheels 30 and 32.
  • the plurality of notches 33 and 34 may be formed in and spaced about the outer diameters of the wheels 30 and 32 such that a minimal spacing 41 exists between adjacent notches on each wheel 30 and 32. This creates a positive displacement pump, meaning that the buoyant spheres 12 pass through the pump in direct proportion to the speed ofthe drive shaft 35.
  • the sphere pump 24 may comprise an outlet 42, having a channel 44 with a diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter ofthe buoyant spheres 12.
  • the pumping system 10 may also comprise a conveyance pipe 46 having a proximal end 47 and a distal end 48.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 may be connected at its proximal end 47 to the sphere pump outlet 42 and at its distal end 48 to a lower end 50 ofthe mud column 16.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 guides the buoyant spheres 12 from the sphere pump 24 to the lower end 50 ofthe mud column 16. i the depicted embodiment, the conveyance pipe 46 is a hollow cylindrical pipe having an inner diameter that is slightly larger than the diameter ofthe buoyant spheres 12.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 are feed from the feeder 26 to the sphere pump inlet 28.
  • the sphere pump inlet 28 is adjacent to the wheels 30 and 32, which comprise the plurality of notches 33 and 34, respectively.
  • the plurality of first wheel notches 33 are aligned with the plurality of second wheel notches 34, to form the plurality of pockets 40, wherein each pocket receives one ofthe plurality of buoyant spheres 12 per revolution ofthe wheels 30 and 32.
  • Rotation ofthe wheels 30 and 32 causes each pocket to apply a pumping force to each buoyant sphere 12 it receives, thus ejecting the buoyant sphere 12 from the pocket, into the sphere pump 24 outlet 42 and into the conveyance pipe 46.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 guides the buoyant spheres 12 from the sphere pump 24 to the lower end 50 of the mud column 16.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 enter the mud column 16, for example through mud column opening 51 and mix with the drilling mud 22 to decrease the density ofthe drilling mud 22 in the mud column 16.
  • the buoyant spheres 12 float, within the drilling mud 22, from the lower end 50 ofthe mud column 16 to an upper end 52 ofthe mud column 16.
  • the upper end 52 of the mud column 16 may comprise a mud flow return line 54, having a mud channel 56 and a sphere channel 58.
  • the mud flow return line 54 guides the drilling mud 22 and the buoyant spheres 12 over the mud channel 56.
  • the mud channel 56 may comprise a screen 60 having openings that are at least smaller than the diameter ofthe buoyant spheres 12.
  • the mud channel screen 60 allows the drilling mud 22, as well as drill bit shavings and/or other drilling debris, to enter the mud channel 56 while preventing the buoyant spheres 12 from entering the mud channel 56.
  • the mud channel 56 guides the drilling mud 22, as well as any other material that passes the mud channel screen 60 to a mud cleaning system (not shown), which "cleans” the mud 22 by removing drill bit shavings and/or other drilling debris from the drilling mud 22.
  • the "cleaned” drilling mud 22 is then recirculated into the mud column 16. Since the buoyant spheres 12 cannot pass through the mud channel screen 60, the mud flow return line 54 guides the buoyant spheres 12 past the mud channel screen 60, to the sphere channel 58.
  • the sphere channel 58 guides the buoyant spheres 12 into the feeder 26.
  • the pumping system 10 may comprise in addition to that described above, a second pump.
  • the second pump is a fluid displacement pump 62 and in FIG. 4 the second pump is an air compressor 64.
  • buoyant spheres 12 Opposing the pumping forces that the sphere pump 24 applies to the buoyant spheres 12 are buoyancy forces that the drilling mud 22 at the opening 51 ofthe mud column 16 applies to the buoyant spheres 12.
  • the second pump assists the sphere pump 24 in overcoming these buoyancy forces, allowing the buoyant spheres 12 to be conveyed from the sphere pump 24, through the conveyance pipe 46 and into the mud column 16.
  • the fluid displacement pump 62 is connected to the conveyance pipe 46.
  • the fluid displacement pump 62 assists the sphere pump 24 in overcoming the buoyancy forces, applied to the buoyant spheres 12 by the drilling mud 22, by inj ecting a fluid, for example water or sea water, into the conveyance pipe 46.
  • the injected fluid applies a force to the buoyant spheres 12 to assist the buoyant spheres 12 in being conveyed from the sphere pump 24, through the conveyance pipe 46 and into the mud column 16.
  • the fluid displacement pump 62 may be any one of a variety of conventional water pumps, among others.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 also comprises at least one seal.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 may comprise a first seal 66 disposed in the proximal end 47 ofthe conveyance pipe 46 and a second seal 68 disposed in the distal end 48 ofthe conveyance pipe 46.
  • the seals 66 and 68 may be attached to the inner diameter ofthe conveyance pipe 46 by any suitable means such as by molding, among others.
  • the seals 66 and 68 may be comprised of a material that is radially elastic, such as a rubber material that has an inner diameter that is smaller than the outer diameters ofthe buoyant spheres 12, such that a fluid tight seal is created around the outer diameter of a buoyant sphere 12 when the outer diameter of a buoyant sphere 12 is in contact with the seal 66 or 68.
  • each seal 66 and 68 is generally cylindrical and long enough, such that there is always at least one buoyant sphere 12 in the seal 66 and 68 to form a fluid tight seal.
  • the length of each seal 66 and 68 may be in the range of about 1 buoyant sphere diameter to about 3 buoyant sphere diameters.
  • the fluid displacement pump 62 is connected to the proximal end 47 ofthe conveyance pipe 46, distal to the first seal 66.
  • the first seal 66 prevents the fluid ejected from the fluid displacement pump 62 from traveling proximally past the first seal
  • the conveyance pipe 46 comprises a- screen section 70 in the distal end 48 of the conveyance pipe 46, proximal to the second seal 68.
  • the screen section 70 has openings that are at least smaller than the diameter ofthe buoyant spheres 12, to allow the ejected fluid to pass through the screen section 70, while preventing the buoyant spheres 12 from passing through the screen section 70.
  • the second seal 68 may be disposed in the distal end 48 ofthe conveyance pipe 46, distal to the screen section 70. The second seal 68 seals off the conveyance pipe 46 from the pressure of the drilling mud 22.
  • the air compressor pump 64 is connected to the conveyance pipe 46.
  • the air compressor pump 64 assists the sphere pump 24 in overcoming the buoyancy forces, applied to the buoyant spheres 12 by the drilling mud 22, by injecting compressed air into the conveyance pipe 46.
  • the compressed air applies a force to the buoyant spheres 12 to assist the buoyant spheres 12 in being conveyed from the sphere pump 24, through the conveyance pipe 46 and into the mud column 16.
  • the air compressor pump 64 may be any one of a variety of conventional air compressors.
  • the conveyance pipe 46 comprises at least one seal, such as the first seal 66 described above. As above, the first seal 66 may be disposed in the proximal end 47 ofthe conveyance pipe 46.
  • the air compressor pump 64 is connected to the proximal end 47 of the conveyance pipe 46, distal to the first seal 66.
  • the first seal 66 prevents the compressed air ejected from the air compressor pump 64 from traveling proximally past the first seal 66 and instead directs the ejected compressed air in a distal direction towards the lower end 50 of the mud column 16. This allows the ejected compressed air to apply a distally directed force to the buoyant spheres 12 and to travel with the buoyant spheres 12 distally down the conveyance pipe 46.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Selon l'invention, un système de pompage (10) d'injection de sphères flottantes (12) dans un puits de gaz ou de pétrole (14) comprend une voie de passage (26) renfermant une pluralité de sphères flottantes (12), et une pompe de sphères (24) située à proximité de la voie de passage (26) comporte des première et seconde roues rotatives (30, 32). Ladite première roue (30) est pourvue d'une pluralité d'encoches (33) et ladite seconde roue (32) possède une pluralité correspondante d'encoches (34), de telle manière que pendant la rotation des roues (30, 32), les encoches des première et seconde roues (33, 34) se combinent temporairement pour former une pluralité de poches (40), chaque poche (40) permettant de recevoir et, puis, d'éjecter une des sphères flottantes (24) provenant de la voie de passage (26), pendant la rotation des première et seconde roues (30, 32).
PCT/US2002/030950 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes WO2004029404A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (9)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002327078A AU2002327078A1 (en) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 System to reduce hydrostatic pressure in risers using buoyant spheres
US10/259,550 US6588501B1 (en) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Method and apparatus to reduce hydrostatic pressure in sub sea risers using buoyant spheres
DE60212731T DE60212731T2 (de) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 System zur Reduzierung von hydrostatischem Druck in Steigrohren unter Verwendung von schwimmenden Kugeln
CNB028294254A CN1329619C (zh) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 利用浮力球降低立管中流体静压的系统和方法
EP02761843A EP1552104B1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes
PCT/US2002/030950 WO2004029404A1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes
JP2004539749A JP3983765B2 (ja) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 浮遊球体を使用して海中ライザにおける静水圧を減少させる方法および装置
CA002492809A CA2492809C (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes
NO20051547A NO327922B1 (no) 2002-09-27 2005-03-23 System og fremgangsmate for reduksjon av hydraulisk trykk i stigeror ved hjelp av oppdriftskuler

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US10/259,550 US6588501B1 (en) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Method and apparatus to reduce hydrostatic pressure in sub sea risers using buoyant spheres
PCT/US2002/030950 WO2004029404A1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2004029404A1 true WO2004029404A1 (fr) 2004-04-08

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PCT/US2002/030950 WO2004029404A1 (fr) 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Systeme de reduction de la pression hydrostatique dans des colonnes montantes au moyen de spheres flottantes

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6588501B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1552104B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3983765B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1329619C (fr)
AU (1) AU2002327078A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2492809C (fr)
NO (1) NO327922B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004029404A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1552104A4 (fr) 2005-11-02
CA2492809C (fr) 2009-08-04
CA2492809A1 (fr) 2004-04-08
NO20051547L (no) 2005-03-23
AU2002327078A1 (en) 2004-04-19
CN1650090A (zh) 2005-08-03
EP1552104B1 (fr) 2006-06-21
US6588501B1 (en) 2003-07-08
NO327922B1 (no) 2009-10-19
JP3983765B2 (ja) 2007-09-26
JP2006500494A (ja) 2006-01-05
CN1329619C (zh) 2007-08-01
EP1552104A1 (fr) 2005-07-13

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