WO2004029148A1 - The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing - Google Patents
The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004029148A1 WO2004029148A1 PCT/ID2002/000004 ID0200004W WO2004029148A1 WO 2004029148 A1 WO2004029148 A1 WO 2004029148A1 ID 0200004 W ID0200004 W ID 0200004W WO 2004029148 A1 WO2004029148 A1 WO 2004029148A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- liquid smoke
- rubber
- smoke according
- time invention
- processing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/14—Coagulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/14—Coagulation
- C08C1/15—Coagulation characterised by the coagulants used
Definitions
- This time invention is referenced with the processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, block skim rubber/BSR) by using liquid smoke. More specifically, the processing here is to give treatment at natural rubber at the time of coagulation of field latex, giving of brown colour, and preservation by using liquid smoke system of invention at now.
- the first on rubber processing to yield raw materials for crumb rubber is the coagulation of field latex becomes coagula with the addition of acid or naturally that is let coagulate by itself.
- Acid as the above mentioned that is ordinary and many used as materials is formic acid, which for smallholders this is expensive enough.
- liquid smoke which made of wastes of palm oil shell (kernel) , rubber woodcutting, and coconut shell piece.
- Liquid smoke as according to this time invention have some excellences and abilities:
- the concentration can be controlled,
- This time invention especially aims for the processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, blq'ck skim rubber) by using liquid smoke. More specifically, such processing here is to give treatment at natural rubber at the time of coagulation of field latex, giving of colour, and preservation, -by using liquid smoke system of invention this time.
- This liquid smoke made of wastes of palm oil shell, rubber woodcutting and coconut shell piece.
- the three of liquid smoke type of palm oil shell, coconut shell pieces and rubber woodcutting can coagulate latex at pH 4,5, 4,7 and 4,9.
- the yielded coagula has value of PRI higher compared ito which is yielded by using formic acid although it have been soaked in water for 14 days, and processed directly without pre-drying.
- Blanket and crumbs that is soaked and sprayed by liquid smoke show the increasing of Po (early plasticity) and PRI that are high enough if compared to control.
- the malodour of rubber crumb and blanket has loosened and changed with smoke aroma after sprayed or soaked in liquid smoke.
- spraying and soaking with liquid smoke as according to invention this time with various pH, concentration and time treatment of coagulation of field latex, deodorizing to decay, improving value of PRI and eliminate pre-drying process in crumb rubber factory.
- Figure 1 is a flow diagram of crumb rubber processing of field coagula with formic acid or naturally become SIR 20 and sources of reek/putrid/malodour.
- Figure 2 is a flow diagram of crumb rubber processing of field coagula with liquid smoke become SIR 20 and smoke aroma that happened without process pre-drying.
- Figure 3 is a flow diagram crumb rubber processing field coagula with formic acid or naturally become SIR 20 with treatment of soaking/spraying of liquid smoke and without process pre-drying.
- Figure 4 is a flow diagram of comparison of ribbed smoked sheet processing of normally, by using liquid smoke and liquid smoke combine with process of extruder, and baling and packing like crumb rubber.
- Figure 5 is a flow diagram block skim rubber processing by using sulphate acid and using liquid smoke as a coagulant.
- the liquid smoke is a result of condensation of yielded smoke of wood pyrolyses at temperature 400-450°C.
- liquid smoke for example 45 compound type of phenol, more than 70 type of compound carbonyl which consist of aldehyde and keton, 20 acids compound, 11 furan compound, 13 alcohol compound and ester, 13 lactones compound and 27 polycyclic hydrocarbon aromatic compound (Reiner Hamm, 1977) .
- Acids in liquid smoke especially acetic acid will coagulate field latex.
- Phenol compound in liquid smoke have proven has antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungi (Wazyka & Karseno, 2000) .
- Antibacterial will prevent grow and kill bacteria in latex and coagula, so that putrid odour will disappeared in coagula.
- Antioxidant compound will protect rubber particles of air oxidation at high temperature so that the PRI value is still high.
- Antifungi will prevent growth of fungi in the dry sheet.
- Compound of carbonyl in liquid smoke is functioned as a given of brown colour at final product of RSS. Mixture of compounds of phenol, carbonyl, i ester and alcohol will generate typical smoke aroma in liquid smoke .
- Liquid smoke contains of acid compounds in it with pH 2 until 3 can coagulate latex at pH 4,5, 4,7 and 4,9 during 15 until 20 minutes. Coagula obtained smell smoke and do not occurred deterioration, this matter prove that liquid smoke can prevent growth of bacteria.
- Figure 3 showing that treatment of spraying or soaking with the liquid smoke can be done by part of raw materials rubber in the form of: 1) coagula 2) blanket 3) wet crumb and 4) dry crumb. Soaking or spraying in all process sequence can be conducted at every one part or two part of raw rubber materials form above to strengthen its result. Soaking or spraying with concentration 5% until 20% during 5 until 15 minutes, can improve value of PRI and deodorize to decay changed with typical smoke aroma. After done by soaking or spraying at one of the raw rubber materials form the above, the process of pre-drying is not need.
- Figure 4 is comparison of flow diagram between normal processing of RSS, using liquid smoke as latex coagulant, and the combination between using liquid smoke as latex coagulant and final packing as crumb rubber. On figure 4 seen that in processing of normal RSS compared to liquid smoke as coagulant, coagulation of latex with formic acid changed with liquid smoke and at the same time function as giver brown colour and preservative in course of normal smoking process
- RSS normally, and drying process conducted by hot air in tunnel dryer.
- treatment with this liquid smoke do not be needed by smoking (fumigation) process which is needing time 4-5 day but only 3-4 hour for drying with hot air, so that its process will finish during 1 day, and by using extruder machine for blending dried smoke sheet, then pressing with 60 tons press and packing like crumb rubber hence will be formed uniform bales in a short time so that easy to be transported.
- Figure 5 showing flow diagram of processing of block skim rubber by using of sulphate acid and liquid smoke.
- Skim latex coagulated with sulphate acid will yield an putrid odour coagula because of protein biodegradation by bacteria become sulphide and ammonia, so that the PRI value will be very low because of the damage antioxidant in the form of protein and amino acids by bacteria activities.
- But with liquid smoke will be yielded coagula smelling smoke or neutral and value of PRI its high. This matter is caused by in liquid smoke contains compounds of antibacterial, antioxidant, and typical aroma.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Abstract
Processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, block skim rubber) by using liquid smoke according to this time invention, where: liquid smoke according to this time invention made of pyrolysis of wastes of palm oil shell (kernel), rubber wood cutting and coconut shell piece with only using pressure stove, kerosene fuel, equipments in the form of combustion stove, pipe, and condenser tube, liquid smoke according to this time invention is functioned as coagulator of latex, to disappear of natural rubber neck/putrid odour through spraying and soaking so that needn't use process of pre-drying, liquid smoke according to this time invention contain acid compounds in it with pH 2 until 3 and can coagulate latex at pH 4,5; 4,7 and 4,9 during 15 until 20 minutes, liquid smoke according to this time invention can be conducted by the merger of processing of ribbed smoked sheet (RSS) and packaging as like of crumb rubber.
Description
Description
THE USE OF LIQUID SMOKE FOR NATURAL RUBBER PROCESSING
Technical Field
This time invention is referenced with the processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, block skim rubber/BSR) by using liquid smoke. More specifically, the processing here is to give treatment at natural rubber at the time of coagulation of field latex, giving of brown colour, and preservation by using liquid smoke system of invention at now.
Background of Art In course of processing of conventional rubber and which have conducted many until now, having some weaknesses . The weaknesses can earn to be explained as follows: s
The first on rubber processing to yield raw materials for crumb rubber is the coagulation of field latex becomes coagula with the addition of acid or naturally that is let coagulate by itself. Acid as the above mentioned that is ordinary and many used as materials is formic acid, which for smallholders this is expensive enough. Coagulation of latex by formic acid or other acids or naturally, and then the coagula was kept by soaking in the water during one until two week, will cause the bacteria multiply fast because in the coagula contents of protein, carbohydrate, and the other, will destroy natural antioxidant in the coagula which in the form of protein and amino acids, and it also caused release of ion Cu++ (as a pro- oxidant) which initially tied by protein, as a result, the rubber is easy to be oxidized when it's dried, which is shown by the low of PRI (plasticity retention index) of field coagula especially which is coagulated naturally (Hasma & Alias, 1990) . Beside damage the antioxidant existing in c agula/slab, the bacteria activity will generate putrid or malodour that is very sting in coagula since from field until crumb rubber factory. The putrid odour generated because of protein biodegradation becoming ammonia compound and sulphide
by bacteria. These putrid odours come from raw rubber materials storage, room of air hanging of blanket crepe (pre- drying) and dryer machine. This matter is very bothering the environment. To overcome the problem of malodour, various equipments have been tried, but its result still not satisfied yet. So also the things with result of raw materials rubber obtained still malodour.
The second problem arising out by using conventional jor this existing until now processing system is needing the air hanging of blanket crepe process (pre-drying) during 7 up to 14 days, because if directly processed, value of PRI will be very low. The air hanging of blanket crepe process amounting of hundreds thousand ton will disturb even desisting capital it and its processing also become longer again. Both the problem has to be immediately overcome to be able to reach ISO 14000 standard with the reference of environmental impact, which must be taken care of. Beside that, to be made by special consideration is the quality of product to be able to compete with other state, and efficiency of processing cost.
Based on of the description above can be taken 'a conclusion that the usage of formic acid or other acids as coagulator or naturally in the crumb rubber processing jis cannot prevent growth of bacteria of the rottener in coagula, and for formic acid price is expensive enough.
In processing of ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, the problem that is faced is the usage of formic acid as coagulant of latex, the need of a lot of rubber wood which many as firewood to yield smoke and dried, the difficulty to get consistency ,of smoke concentration, the difficulty to get optimal smoking temperature and time, its smoke pollute environment, the duration time for smoking and drying (4-5 days) , and the possibility incidence of burning danger.
For the processing of block rubber skim is malodour sting and value of PRI very low of coagula coming from skim latex that was coagulated by sulphate acid. The putrid odour arising out because of protein biodegradation that is done by j
bacteria. The low PRI value caused by the bacteria activity that is damage the antioxidant
The problems above, can overcome by using liquid smoke, which made of wastes of palm oil shell (kernel) , rubber woodcutting, and coconut shell piece.
Liquid smoke as according to this time invention have some excellences and abilities:
Can overcome and prevent growth of bacteria pest of antioxidant in the latex and coagula, Can overcome putrid odour which have happened in raw materials rubber, giving typical aroma smoke of delicious,
Can coagulate field latex,
Can improving the characteristic and physical type jof vulcanised, Improving the value of PRI the rubber obtained,
Shorting time for drying,
Very good as a coagulator which its cheap price,
Very good as a preservatives,
Very good as a rottener antibacterial, Can give good brown colour,
The concentration can be controlled,
In drying with hot air, the temperature is easy to be controlled, shorting time process till become 3-4 hour and
Environmental friendly.
Summary of the Invention
This time invention especially aims for the processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, blq'ck skim rubber) by using liquid smoke. More specifically, such processing here is to give treatment at natural rubber at the time of coagulation of field latex, giving of colour, and preservation, -by using liquid smoke system of invention this time.
This liquid smoke made of wastes of palm oil shell, rubber woodcutting and coconut shell piece.
In principle, in rubber processing, of crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet (RSS) and block skim rubber, as according to invention this time is with giving treatment in each
processing in the form of the usage coagulator, preservatives, antibacterial and antioxidant compounds, smoking process, in the form of liquid smoke which to be made of wastes of palm oil shell (kernel) , rubber woodcutting and coconut shell pieces.
By using this rubber processing system for RSS production, as according to this invention can reduce drying time become only 3-4 hour, production time become only 1 day, friendly of environment and safe to the danger of burn. PRI value increase because of the antioxidant is not destroyed by bacteria activity in the form of protein biodegradation that there are in latex and coagula.
For the processing of crumb rubber, the three of liquid smoke type of palm oil shell, coconut shell pieces and rubber woodcutting can coagulate latex at pH 4,5, 4,7 and 4,9.
In processing of RSS, its pH 4,5, and in coagulation of skim latex its pH 4,7.
The yielded coagula has value of PRI higher compared ito which is yielded by using formic acid although it have been soaked in water for 14 days, and processed directly without pre-drying. Blanket and crumbs that is soaked and sprayed by liquid smoke show the increasing of Po (early plasticity) and PRI that are high enough if compared to control. The malodour of rubber crumb and blanket has loosened and changed with smoke aroma after sprayed or soaked in liquid smoke. Become result of invention this time is addition, spraying and soaking with liquid smoke as according to invention this time with various pH, concentration and time treatment of coagulation of field latex, deodorizing to decay, improving value of PRI and eliminate pre-drying process in crumb rubber factory.
Brief Description of the Drawings
I Figure 1 is a flow diagram of crumb rubber processing of field coagula with formic acid or naturally become SIR 20 and sources of reek/putrid/malodour.
Figure 2 is a flow diagram of crumb rubber processing of field coagula with liquid smoke become SIR 20 and smoke aroma that happened without process pre-drying.
Figure 3 is a flow diagram crumb rubber processing field coagula with formic acid or naturally become SIR 20 with treatment of soaking/spraying of liquid smoke and without process pre-drying.
Figure 4 is a flow diagram of comparison of ribbed smoked sheet processing of normally, by using liquid smoke and liquid smoke combine with process of extruder, and baling and packing like crumb rubber.
Figure 5 is a flow diagram block skim rubber processing by using sulphate acid and using liquid smoke as a coagulant.
Detailed Description of Invention
The usage of liquid smoke as coagulator of field latex in processing of crumb rubber
The liquid smoke is a result of condensation of yielded smoke of wood pyrolyses at temperature 400-450°C. In result of compounds analysis which there are in liquid smoke for example 45 compound type of phenol, more than 70 type of compound carbonyl which consist of aldehyde and keton, 20 acids compound, 11 furan compound, 13 alcohol compound and ester, 13 lactones compound and 27 polycyclic hydrocarbon aromatic compound (Reiner Hamm, 1977) . Acids in liquid smoke especially acetic acid will coagulate field latex. Phenol compound in liquid smoke have proven has antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungi (Wazyka & Karseno, 2000) . Antibacterial will prevent grow and kill bacteria in latex and coagula, so that putrid odour will disappeared in coagula. Antioxidant compound will protect rubber particles of air oxidation at high temperature so that the PRI value is still high. Antifungi will prevent growth of fungi in the dry sheet. Compound of carbonyl in liquid smoke is functioned as a given of brown colour at final product of RSS. Mixture of compounds of phenol, carbonyl, i
ester and alcohol will generate typical smoke aroma in liquid smoke .
Producing of liquid smoke of invention this time is easy enough and modestly because its combustion only using pressure stove, kerosene fuel, equipments in the form of combustion stove, pipe and condenser tube.
In figure 1 seen that since from the field have occurred protein biodegradation by bacteria in coagula (slab) , causing value of PRI low and putrid odour. After came to the factory, protein biodegradation in coagula still continue so that the putrid odour continue on raw materials rubber storage, room of air hanging of blanket crepe (pre-drying) and dryer machine.
To prevent this putrid odour, coagulation of field latex by using liquid smoke (Figure 2) . Odourless yielded coagula and can directly processed without pre-drying process although have been soaked in water during 14 day, and economical expense and time during 7 until 14 day that is eliminating time and cost for pre-drying of blanket crepe in number hundreds of thousand ton. This matter gives four benefits that are high value of Po and PRI, eliminating putrid odour, efficiency of processing cost, and also quicker production time.
Liquid smoke contains of acid compounds in it with pH 2 until 3 can coagulate latex at pH 4,5, 4,7 and 4,9 during 15 until 20 minutes. Coagula obtained smell smoke and do not occurred deterioration, this matter prove that liquid smoke can prevent growth of bacteria. Quality of technical specification of crumb rubber, characteristics vulcanisation and physical of vulcanite equal with formic acid and better compared to nature coagulation Soaking and spraying of liquid smoke to coagula, rubber crumb and blanket in crumb rubber factory. To increase PRI value and to deodorize the malodour which is generated from coagula, blanket crepe and rubber crumb conducted by spraying or soaking with liquid smoke. Figure 3 showing that treatment of spraying or soaking with the liquid smoke can be done by part of raw materials rubber in the form of: 1) coagula 2) blanket 3) wet crumb and 4) dry crumb.
Soaking or spraying in all process sequence can be conducted at every one part or two part of raw rubber materials form above to strengthen its result. Soaking or spraying with concentration 5% until 20% during 5 until 15 minutes, can improve value of PRI and deodorize to decay changed with typical smoke aroma. After done by soaking or spraying at one of the raw rubber materials form the above, the process of pre-drying is not need.
Usage Of Liquid Smoke In Processing Of Ribbed Smoked Sheet (RSS)
Figure 4 is comparison of flow diagram between normal processing of RSS, using liquid smoke as latex coagulant, and the combination between using liquid smoke as latex coagulant and final packing as crumb rubber. On figure 4 seen that in processing of normal RSS compared to liquid smoke as coagulant, coagulation of latex with formic acid changed with liquid smoke and at the same time function as giver brown colour and preservative in course of normal smoking process
RSS normally, and drying process conducted by hot air in tunnel dryer. In treatment with this liquid smoke do not be needed by smoking (fumigation) process which is needing time 4-5 day but only 3-4 hour for drying with hot air, so that its process will finish during 1 day, and by using extruder machine for blending dried smoke sheet, then pressing with 60 tons press and packing like crumb rubber hence will be formed uniform bales in a short time so that easy to be transported.
Usage Of Liquid Smoke In Processing Of Block Skim Rubber
Figure 5 showing flow diagram of processing of block skim rubber by using of sulphate acid and liquid smoke. Skim latex coagulated with sulphate acid will yield an putrid odour coagula because of protein biodegradation by bacteria become sulphide and ammonia, so that the PRI value will be very low because of the damage antioxidant in the form of protein and amino acids by bacteria activities. But with liquid smoke will
be yielded coagula smelling smoke or neutral and value of PRI its high. This matter is caused by in liquid smoke contains compounds of antibacterial, antioxidant, and typical aroma.
Claims
1. Processing of natural rubber (crumb rubber, ribbed smoked sheet/RSS, block skim rubber by using liquid smoke according to this time invention, where: liquid smoke according to this time invention made by combustion of wastes of palm oil shell (kernel) , rubber wood cutting and coconut shell piece with only using pressure stove, kerosene fuel, equipments in the form of combustion stove, pipe, and condenser tube, liquid smoke according to this time invention function as coagulator of latex, to disappear of natural rubber reek/putrid odour through spraying and soaking so that needn ' t use pre-drying process, liquid smoke according to this time invention contain acid compounds in it with pH 2 until 3 and can coagulate field latex at pH 4,5; 4,7 and 4,9 during 15 until 20 minutes, liquid smoke according to this time invention can be conducted by the merger of the process of ribbed smoked sheet
(RSS) and the package way of crumb rubber.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ID2002/000004 WO2004029148A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing |
| AU2002339701A AU2002339701A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing |
| MYPI20031289A MY128962A (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2003-04-08 | The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ID2002/000004 WO2004029148A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2004029148A1 true WO2004029148A1 (en) | 2004-04-08 |
Family
ID=32040224
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ID2002/000004 WO2004029148A1 (en) | 2002-09-24 | 2002-09-24 | The use of liquid smoke for natural rubber processing |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2002339701A1 (en) |
| MY (1) | MY128962A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2004029148A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108727647A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 海南省先进天然橡胶复合材料工程研究中心有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of smoke sheet rubber |
| WO2018186810A3 (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-12-06 | Kittisriswai Kraitira | Mixed rubber sheets automatic manufacturing process and mixed rubber sheets automatic manufacturing equipment |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB300719A (en) * | 1927-08-27 | 1928-11-22 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improvements in the production of raw rubber from rubber latex |
| GB826709A (en) * | 1957-06-26 | 1960-01-20 | Mac & Lai Company Malaya Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the preparation of rubber sheet |
-
2002
- 2002-09-24 AU AU2002339701A patent/AU2002339701A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-09-24 WO PCT/ID2002/000004 patent/WO2004029148A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-04-08 MY MYPI20031289A patent/MY128962A/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB300719A (en) * | 1927-08-27 | 1928-11-22 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improvements in the production of raw rubber from rubber latex |
| GB826709A (en) * | 1957-06-26 | 1960-01-20 | Mac & Lai Company Malaya Ltd | Improvements in or relating to the preparation of rubber sheet |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018186810A3 (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2018-12-06 | Kittisriswai Kraitira | Mixed rubber sheets automatic manufacturing process and mixed rubber sheets automatic manufacturing equipment |
| CN108727647A (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2018-11-02 | 海南省先进天然橡胶复合材料工程研究中心有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of smoke sheet rubber |
| CN108727647B (en) * | 2018-05-30 | 2020-05-19 | 海南省先进天然橡胶复合材料工程研究中心有限公司 | Preparation method of smoked sheet glue |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2002339701A1 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
| MY128962A (en) | 2007-03-30 |
| AU2002339701A8 (en) | 2004-04-19 |
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