WO2003106321A1

WO2003106321A1 - Counterweight

Info

Publication number: WO2003106321A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/005905
Authority: WO
Inventors: 伊藤　和昌
Original assignee: 三菱電機株式会社
Priority date: 2002-06-13
Filing date: 2002-06-13
Publication date: 2003-12-24
Also published as: EP1512656B1; JPWO2003106321A1; KR20040021694A; CN1549789A; KR100569799B1; EP1512656A1; DE60235727D1; CN1285500C; EP1512656A4

Abstract

A counterweight (10) elevating/lowering while balancing with an elevating/lowering cage in an elevator system (100). The counterweight (10) comprises an upper counterweight (30) and a lower counterweight (32) separable from each other. The upper counterweight (30) comprises an upper brake (36) for stopping the upper counterweight (30) when the counterweight (10) is separated, and the lower counterweight (32) comprises a lower brake (38) for stopping the lower counterweight (32).

Description

Counterweight technical field

The present invention relates to a counterweight. More specifically, the present invention relates to a counterweight for an elevator device that is connected to and moved up and down in an elevator device. Background art

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a rope-type elevator device 200. As shown in FIG. 7, the elevator apparatus 200 includes a hoistway 2. The upper part of the hoistway 2 is partitioned by a machine room floor 4 and a machine room 6 is provided. A car 8 and a counterweight 10 are suspended from the hoistway 2.

The machine room 6 is provided with a hoisting machine 24. A rope 26 is wound around the hoisting machine 24. Both ends of the rope 26 hang down from the machine room 4 to the hoistway 2, and are fixed to the car 8 at one end, and the car 8 is hung to the hoistway 2. At the other end, the counterweight 10 is fixed to the counterweight 10, and the counterweight 10 is suspended by the hoistway 2.

In the elevator apparatus 200 constructed as described above, the car 8 and the counterweight 10 move up and down in the hoistway 2 by the movement of the rope accompanying rotation of the hoisting machine 24. In such a rope-type elevator apparatus 200, the car 8 and the counterweight 10 move up and down with a certain weight balance while being fixed to both ends of the rope 26, respectively. The counterweight 10 is usually set to half the rated load of the car 8 in consideration of the efficiency of the system.

Therefore, for example, when the inside of the car 8 is less than half of the rated load, the car 8 and the counterweight 10 If the control for raising and lowering becomes impossible, since the car 8 is lighter than the counterweight 10, it is considered that the car 8 increases its rising speed and rises above the rated speed. In this case, the counterweight 10 falls downward at a speed higher than the rated speed.

As a countermeasure for such an emergency, for example, the elevator device 200 includes a shock absorber 60 below the hoistway 2 on the counterweight 10 side. By causing the falling counterweight 10 to collide with the shock absorber 60, a certain amount of impact can be absorbed, and the impact can be lessened than when the counterweight 10 directly collides with the bottom of the hoistway 2. You can do it. However, even if the impact can be moderated to a certain extent, if the counterweight 10 is descending the hoistway 2 at a speed higher than the rated speed, the speed Will collide. In such a case, a large impact is applied to the counterweight 10 and the car 8.

Other emergency measures include, for example, installing an emergency stop device below the car 8 or the counterweight 10, and installing a governor in the machine room 6. This detects that the car 8 moves up and down faster than the rated speed. If the car 8 moves up and down faster than the rated speed, the brake is operated to stop the car 8. In addition, as another measure, a mouth brake may be installed to directly grab the main rope. Various safety measures have been taken when operating the elevator system.

However, in order to install the emergency stop safety device as described above, a certain amount of space is required for the elevator device. However, there are many demands for space saving in the installation of the elevator system. Therefore, such safety devices that require space for installation are not necessarily suitable. In addition, when a device that stops the elevator by directly grasping the main rope is used, it is conceivable that the pain of the main rope may be accelerated. Furthermore, these safety devices are complicated in structure, so that malfunctions are likely to occur, and each device is often expensive. In addition, when using these devices, the braking force fluctuates to the deceleration force during braking because it depends on the frictional force. When the operating speed is high and the operating speed is high, the braking distance may be long, and the brake may be worn out and braking may not be possible.

Also, in the apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-193680, there is a structural time lag between the time when the device operates and the braking force is generated, and It is possible that the car speeds up. Summary of the Invention

Therefore, the present invention proposes an improved counterweight for an elevator apparatus that solves the above-mentioned problems and aims to easily prevent the car from moving up and down above the rated speed.

Therefore, the counterweight according to the present invention is a counterweight that is connected to and lifted up and down in an elevator apparatus, wherein the counterweight is an upper counterweight and a lower counterweight. The upper counterweight and the lower counterweight can be separated. According to this, it is possible to adjust the balance between the cage and the counterweight by partially separating the counterweight. Therefore, the lifting speed can be reduced, and the car or the counterweight can be prevented from colliding with the bottom of the hoistway, or the collision impact can be reduced.

Also, the balance weight according to the present invention is characterized in that the upper balance weight is provided with an upper brake device for stopping the upper balance weight when the balance weight is cut off, and the lower balance weight is configured such that the balance weight is cut off. It is equipped with a lower brake device that stops the lower counterweight when released. According to this, since the upper and lower counterweights that move up and down can be separated and stopped individually, the car can be stopped more easily, and the safety of the portable device can be improved. Can be achieved.

Further, the counterweight for an elevator apparatus of the present invention includes a return means for connecting the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight when the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight are separated from each other. Prepare. As a result, the connection can be easily restored even after the upper and lower counterweights are separated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES FIG. 1 is a perspective view illustrating an elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view illustrating a structure of a counterweight of the elevator apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a return plate of the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which an emergency brake is operated in the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state of the upper counterweight when the emergency brake is operated in the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a state of the lower counterweight when the emergency brake is operated in the elevator apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an outline of a rope type elevator device. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each of the drawings, the same or corresponding portions have the same reference characters allotted, and description thereof will not be simplified or repeated. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an elevator apparatus 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a schematic view for explaining the structure of the counterweight 10 in the elevator apparatus 100, FIG. 2A is a front view, and FIG. 2B is a side view. . FIG. 2 shows the emergency brake disposed on the right side in FIG. 1 and a peripheral portion thereof.

As shown in FIG. 1, the elevator apparatus 100 includes a hoistway 2. The upper part of the hoistway 2 is partitioned by a machine room floor 4, and a machine room 6 is provided above the machine room floor 4.

A car 8 and a counterweight 10 are suspended from the hoistway 2. Counterweight 1 0 The cage 8 is designed to be half the weight of the rated load. A guide rail 12 is provided on the car 8 side of the hoistway 2, and the car 8 is connected to the guide rail 12 so as to be vertically movable. A guide rail 14 is provided on the counterweight 10 side, and the counterweight 10 is connected to the guide rail 14 so as to be vertically movable. Above and below the guide rails 14, return plates 16 and 18 are provided, respectively.

The machine room floor 4 is provided with two rope through holes 20 and 22. The machine room 6 is provided with a hoisting machine 24.

A rope 26 is wound around the hoisting machine 24. One end of the rope 26 hangs down from the machine room 6 to the hoistway 2 via the rope through hole 20 provided in the machine room floor 4, is fixed to the car 8, and hangs the car 8 to the hoistway 2. ing. The other end of the mouthpiece 26 hangs down from the machine room 6 to the hoistway 2 via a rope passage 22 provided on the machine room floor 4, and is fixed to the counterweight 10, and the counterweight is Hanging 10 down to hoistway 2.

In the elevator apparatus 100 constructed as described above, when the hoisting machine 24 rotates, the rope 26 moves in accordance with the direction of the rotation. A car 8 and a counterweight 10 fixed to both ends of 26 respectively move up and down the hoistway 2 along the guide rails 12 and 14.

Also, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the balance weight 10 includes an upper balance weight 30 and a lower balance weight 32. The lower counterweight 32 is slightly lighter than the weight when the car 8 is unattended. Also, the weight of the upper counterweight 30 is half of the rated load of the car 8 when the weight of the entire counterweight 10 is linked to the lower counterweight 32. It is set as follows. An emergency brake is provided between the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32. The upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32 are connected by an emergency brake. Further, the rope 26 penetrates the upper counterweight 30 and is fixed only above the lower counterweight 32.

As shown in FIG. 2, the emergency brake includes a brake center part 34, an upper brake fitting 36, and a lower brake fitting 38. The brake center portion 34 includes a solenoid coil 40. Solenoid coil

40 is connected to a current source so that current can flow as needed. Further, a plunger 42 is provided at the center of the solenoid coil 40. An upper brake fitting 36 is mounted on and fixed to the upper counterweight 30. The upper brake fitting 36 includes a connecting rod 44. The connecting rod 44 has a through hole, and the plunger 42 of the brake center part 34 is penetrated through the through hole. With this structure, the brake center 34 and the upper brake fitting 36 are connected, and accordingly, the brake center 34 and the upper counterweight 30 are connected.

An operation elastic body 46 is wound around the connecting rod 44. The dynamic elastic body 46 is a spring-like elastic body formed of a strong wire. A roller 48 is provided at one end of the connecting rod 44. The roller 48 is a circular, columnar member when viewed from the side. A wedge-shaped groove that is tapered so that, when viewed from the side, the width with the guide rail 14 becomes narrower upward when viewed from the side. 50 are formed. The lower brake fitting 38 is installed on and fixed to the lower counterweight 32. The lower brake fitting 38 includes a connecting rod 52. The connecting rod 52 has a through hole, through which the plunger 42 of the brake center part 34 is penetrated. With this structure, the brake center 34 and the lower brake fitting 38 are connected, and thereby, the brake center 34 and the lower counterweight 32 are connected. An operation elastic body 54 is wound around the connecting rod 52. The operation elastic body 54 is a spring-like elastic body formed of a strong wire. Also, connecting rod

At one end of 52, a roller 56 is provided. The roller 56 is a circular, columnar member when viewed from the side. In addition, a wedge-shaped groove 5 having a tapered shape is formed below the roller 56 of the upper brake bracket 38 so that, when viewed from the side, the width of the guide rail 14 becomes smaller toward the lower side. 8 are formed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a return plate. FIG. 3A shows the return plate 16, and FIG. 3B shows the return plate 18. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper return plate 16 has a shape that tapers downward when viewed from the side. On the other hand, the lower return plate 18 has a shape tapered upward. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state where the emergency brake is operated in the elevator apparatus 100. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of the upper counterweight 30 when the emergency brake is activated, and FIG. 6 is a lower counterweight when the emergency brake is activated.

FIG. 32 is a schematic view showing a state of 32. FIGS. 5 and 6 show the emergency brake disposed on the right side in FIG. 4 and a portion around the emergency brake, respectively. 5A and 6A are front views, and FIGS. 5B and 6B are side views.

Hereinafter, the operation state of the emergency brake will be described with reference to FIGS. As described above, the counterweight 10 is set to half the rated load of the car 8. Therefore, for example, when the load condition in the car 8 is equal to or less than the half load, that is, while the balancing weight 10 is heavier and the car 8 is rising, a failure of the hoisting machine 24, a broken shaft, etc. In the event that the control of the hoisting machine 24 is no longer possible, the car 8 increases the ascending speed and rises at a speed higher than the rated speed. Here, the operation of the emergency brake when the car 8 rises at an abnormal speed higher than the rated speed will be described.

First, when the car 8 rises at an abnormal speed higher than the rated speed, the counterweight 10 descends at the same speed. At this time, an abnormality is detected in the elevator 100, and a current flows from the power supply current to the solenoid coil 40. When an electric current flows through the solenoid coil 40, the plunger moves inward, as viewed from the front.

The plunger 42 is pulled out of the connecting rods 44, 52 through the through holes of the connecting rods 44, 52. As a result, the connection between the upper brake bracket 36 and the lower brake bracket 38 is disconnected, and therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the connection between the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32 is established. Is disconnected. At this time, the brake center 34 moves together with the lower brake fitting 38. As shown in FIG. 5, when the plunger 42 is pulled out from the connecting rod 44 of the upper brake fitting 36, the roller 4 is moved by the elastic force of the operation elastic body 46 provided around the connecting rod 44. 8 is pushed upward. The roller 48 is pressed against the guide rail 14 as it moves upward along the wedge-shaped groove 50.

When the upper counterweight 30 continues to descend, the roller 48 has an upward elastic force from the elastic body for operation 46 and an upward elastic force generated between the roller 48 and the guide rail 14. The friction force is applied, and the roller 48 is further pushed upward. As a result, a roller 48 is formed between the guide rail 14 and the wedge-shaped groove 50 having a tapered shape so that the width of the guide rail 14 becomes narrower upward. It is gradually fitted and held down. When the roller 48 is completely fitted into the groove 50, the upper brake bracket 36 is fixed to the guide rail 14 and the upper counterweight 30 stops above the hoistway 2. .

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, when the plunger 14 is pulled out from the connecting rod 52 of the lower brake fitting 38, the elastic force of the operation elastic body 54 provided around the connecting rod 52 causes the plunger 14 to pull out. The rollers 56 are pushed downward. The roller 5.6 is pressed against the guide rail 14 while moving slightly downward along the wedge-shaped groove 58. At this time, since the lower brake bracket 38 is descending, the friction force between the roller 56 and the guide rail 14 is similar to the upward force of the roller 48 of the upper brake bracket 36. Become. However, the groove 58 of the lower brake bracket 38 has a tapered shape so that the width with the guide rail 14 decreases downward, contrary to the groove 50 of the upper brake bracket 36. are doing. Therefore, the roller 56 is not completely fitted into the groove 50 during the downward movement.

Therefore, the lower counterweight 32 and the car 8 are connected by the rope 26 and the lower counterweight 32 continues to descend. However, at this time, since the car 8 is heavier than the lower counterweight 32, the lower counterweight 32 stops descending when descended to some extent, and is conversely pulled by the car 8, The lower counterweight 32 starts to rise. At this time, the frictional force between the roller 56 and the guide rail 14 becomes a downward force, and the roller 56 generates the downward frictional force and the downward elastic force from the operation elastic body 54. As a result, it is pushed downward, gradually fits into the groove 58, and is pressed between the guide rail 14. When the roller 56 is completely fitted into the groove 58, the lower brake bracket 38 is fixed to the guide rail 14. As a result, in the middle of the hoistway 2, the lower counterweight 32 stops, and the car 8 also stops.

Next, a case where the upper and lower counterweights 30 and 32 thus separated are returned will be described. In this case, first, the lower counterweight 32 is manually moved to the place where the lower return plate 18 is installed, and the elevator device 100 is manually pushed down. As a result, the upwardly tapered portion of the return plate 18 automatically pushes the roller 56 up and out of the groove 58, and the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterbalance. Push the roller 56 back to the original position where the weight 32 is connected. Thus, the plunger 42 and the connecting rod 52 can be automatically connected again.

Then, in this state, together with the lower brake fitting 38, the lower counterweight 32 is pushed up to the position where the upper counterweight 30 is stopped, and continues as it is, together with the lower counterweight 32. Push the upper counterweight 30 and upper brake fitting 38 up to where the upper return plate 16 is located. As a result, the tapered portion of the return plate 16 that is tapered downwards automatically pushes the roller 48 down, removes it from the groove 50, and removes the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32. Push roller 28 back to the original position where was connected. Thus, the plunger 42 and the connecting rod 52 are automatically connected, and the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32 can be connected. Here, the case where the car 8 is lifted at a speed higher than the rated speed in a state where the car 8 is lighter than the half-load counterweight 10 is described. However, even if the car 8 is at a speed higher than the half load, that is, the counterweight 10 is lighter and some kind of failure occurs, and the car 8 descends at the rated speed or more, With this elevator device, the following can be handled.

That is, in this case, an abnormal speed is detected in a state where the counterweight 10 is raised. Similarly to the above-described case where the counterweight 10 is descending, a current flows through the solenoid coil 40, the plunger 42 moves, and the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 3 2 is disconnected. At this time, since the upper counterweight 30 is not connected to the rope 26, it immediately stops ascending and starts descending. Then, as in the case of the above-mentioned failure during the lowering of the counterweight 10, the roller 48 fits into the groove 50, and the upper counterweight 30 stops.

On the other hand, the lower counterweight 32 continues to ascend while being pulled by the car 8, and is caused by the downward elastic force from the operating elastic body 54 and the downward frictional force with the guide rail 14. When the roller 56 is pushed downward and the roller 56 fits into the groove 58, the lower counterweight 32 stops.

As described above, according to this emergency brake, the car 8 is set to be heavier than the lower counterweight 32 even in an unmanned state. Regardless of whether it is a half-load or more, or if it is ascending, descending, or malfunctioning in any case, the balance weight 10 is finally separated by disconnecting the counterweight 10. The lower counterweight 32 is pulled up by the car 8 side. Therefore, during ascent, the roller 56 fits into the groove 58, and the lower counterweight 32 stops.

On the other hand, since the separated upper counterweight 30 is not connected to the car 8, it will eventually descend regardless of whether it is ascending or descending. Therefore, while descending, the roller 48 fits into the groove 50 and the oversound! ^ The counterweight 30 stops. In this way, if the weight balance between the car 8 and the counterweight 10 is biased to one side, the hoisting machine 24 etc. breaks down and starts climbing up and down above the rated speed. However, the basket 8 can be stopped with a simple device. Further, according to this device, since the counterweight 10 can be easily separated with a simple mechanism, mechanical failure hardly occurs, and a highly reliable emergency brake can be installed. Also, in this elevator apparatus 100, the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 3 Even when the elevator device 2 is disconnected, the elevator device 100 can be easily connected by manually moving the elevator device 100. Therefore, a simple emergency brake can be installed without having to prepare complicated equipment.

In addition, according to the elevator apparatus 100, an emergency brake is attached to the counterweight 10, so that no special installation space is required, and accordingly, space saving can be achieved. can do. In the present invention, the shape and structure of the elevator device and its members are not limited to those described in the embodiment within the scope of the present invention.

Further, in this embodiment, plunger 42 and connecting rods 44, 52 are used as means for separating upper counterweight 30 and lower counterweight 32. However, the present invention is not limited to the structure described in this embodiment, but may be separated by another method, for example, by a device that is electrically controlled from the outside. There may be.

Further, in this embodiment, as a means for stopping the upper counterweight 30 and the lower counterweight 32, the wedge effect of the rollers 48, 56 and the grooves 50, 58 is used. did. However, the present invention is not limited to those described in this embodiment.

Further, in this embodiment, the elevator apparatus separates the balance weight 10 into two, and has an emergency brake that completely stops the upper and lower balance weights 30 and 32, respectively. What has is described. However, the invention is not limited to those having an emergency brake. Even if you do not have an emergency brake, if you can separate the counterweight 10 into two, by setting the car 8 and the upper and lower counterweights to be unbalanced respectively, Elevating speed above the rated speed can be moderated. Further, if such a counterweight is used in combination with a conventionally used shock absorber, safety measures can be further taken. In the present invention, the upper brake device and the lower brake device mean means for stopping the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight, respectively. For example, in this embodiment, the upper brake bracket 36 and the lower brake Fitting 38 is applicable. In the present invention, the upper rotating body and the lower rotating body correspond to, for example, the rollers 48 and 56 in the present embodiment. Further, the upper elastic body and the lower elastic body correspond to, for example, the elastic body for operation 46 and the elastic body for operation 54, respectively. For example, the groove 50 and the groove 58 correspond to the upper groove and the lower groove, respectively.

Further, in the present invention, the connecting means means a means for connecting the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight, and corresponds to, for example, the brake center portion 34 in this embodiment. The connecting portion corresponds to, for example, the connecting rods 44 and 52 in the present embodiment. The plunger 42 corresponds to the through shaft.

In the present invention, the control device corresponds to, for example, a portion including the solenoid coil 40 in the present embodiment.

Also, in the present invention, the return means indicates a means for reconnecting the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight when the connection between the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight is disconnected. For example, the return plates 16 and 18 in this embodiment correspond to this. Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the present invention, the counterweight for the elevator device can be separated into an upper portion and a lower portion. Therefore, during lifting and lowering of the elevator device, the balance between the car and the counterweight can be adjusted by cutting off the counterweight as necessary, and the lifting speed can be reduced.

Further, in the present invention, in the case where each of the counterweights separated vertically is provided with an upper brake device and a lower brake device, the elevator device can be stopped with a simple device. Safety can be improved. Further, in the present invention, when the counterweight is provided with the return means, it is possible to easily return to the original connected state after the counterweight is cut off. Therefore, the operation of the elevator can be quickly resumed without preparing complicated equipment, so that the service can be improved and the cost can be reduced.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. In a counterweight that is connected to and ascends ascending and descending in an elevator apparatus, the counterweight includes an upper counterweight and a lower counterweight,

The upper counterweight and the lower counterweight can be separated from each other.

2. The upper counterweight includes an upper brake device that stops the upper counterweight when the counterweight is cut off,

The counterweight according to claim 1, wherein the lower counterweight includes a lower brake device that stops the lower counterweight when the counterweight is cut off.

3. The counterweight rises and descends along a guide rail provided on the hoistway of the elevator device,

An upper rotating body attached so as to be able to move in the traveling direction when the counterweight is cut off,

When the counterweight is cut off, an upper elastic body that pushes the upper rotating body upward,

An upper groove portion provided above the upper rotating body, such that a width of the guide rail becomes smaller as going upward.

The upper rotating body is pushed up and fitted between the upper groove and the guide rail when the upper counterweight falls downward, and stops the upper counterweight. The counterweight according to claim 2, wherein

4. The counterweight is moved up and down along a guide rail provided on a hoistway of the elevator device, A lower rotating body attached so as to be movable in a traveling direction when the counterweight is cut off;

When the counterweight is cut off, a lower elastic body that pushes the lower rotating body downward,

A lower groove provided below the lower rotating body so that a width of the guide rail is reduced as going downward;

The lower rotating body is pushed down and fitted between the lower groove and the guide rail when the lower counterweight rises upward, and stops the lower counterweight. The counterweight according to claim 2 or 3, wherein

5. The counterweight includes a connecting means for connecting the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight.

The upper counterweight and the lower counterweight each include a connecting portion having a through hole,

The connection means includes a through shaft that can penetrate each of the through holes, and connects the upper counterweight and the lower counterweight by passing the through shaft through the through hole. The counterweight for an elevator overnight apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein:

6. When the car and the Z or the counterweight move up and down at an abnormal speed higher than a predetermined speed, the connecting means is connected to a control device that senses the rise and fall, and according to a signal from the control device. The balance weight according to claim 5, wherein the upper balance weight and the lower balance weight are separated from each other by removing the through shaft from the through hole of each of the connecting portions.

7. The balance weight has a return means for connecting the upper balance weight and the lower balance weight when the upper balance weight and the lower balance weight are separated. The counterweight according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the counterweight is provided.