Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
  • A61K31/403—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
  • A61K31/404—Indoles, e.g. pindolol
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/21—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates
  • A61K31/215—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids
  • A61K31/22—Esters, e.g. nitroglycerine, selenocyanates of carboxylic acids of acyclic acids, e.g. pravastatin
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/335—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. fungichromin
  • A61K31/365—Lactones
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
  • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
  • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
  • A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/02—Drugs for skeletal disorders for joint disorders, e.g. arthritis, arthrosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00

Definitions

• This invention relates to a pentraxin 3 (PTX3) gene expression suppressor useful for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis.
• PTX3 pentraxin 3
• PTX3 gene was found as a novel gene the expression of which is induced by interleu ' kin-1 (IL-1) from normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) [Breviario et al. : J. Biol. Chem. ' , 267(31), 22190-7 (1992)]. Further, a gene (TSG-14 gene) the expression of which is induced by tumor necrosis factor ⁇ (TNF- ⁇ ) from human fibroblasts was also found [Lee et al . : J ⁇ Immunol . , 150 (5) , 1804-12 (1993) ] , and from a structural analysis, this gene has been found to be the same asPTX3gene.
• IL-1 interleu ' kin-1
• HUVEC normal human umbilical vein endothelial cells
• PTX3protein inviewof itsmolecular structure, belongs to the so-called pentraxin family such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid P component (SAP) , but its physiological functions are not known much.
• CRP C-reactive protein
• SAP serum amyloid P component
• PTX3 As relevancy to the inflammatory reaction such as a formation of an arteriosclerotic layer or an ischemic heart disease, it has been found that the blood level of PTX3 is high in acute myocardial infarction patients [Circulation, 102, 636-41 (2000)] and that expression of a tissue factor, an important actor for the formation of thrombus, is increased by PTX3 [Arterioscler. Thromb . Vase. Biol. , 22, 782-7 (2002) ] .
• PTX3 gene is constantly expressed in synovial cells of a rheumatoid arthritis patient and that this expression is suppressed by inteferon- ⁇ (IFN- ⁇ ) or transforming growth factor- ⁇ (TGF- ⁇ ) [Clin. Exp. Immunol., 119(1), 196-202 (2000)].
• IFN- ⁇ inteferon- ⁇
• TGF- ⁇ transforming growth factor- ⁇
• PTX3 also takes part in a disorder via a complement pathway in an autoimmune disease, especially rheumatoid arthritis, because it binds to Clq, one of complement components, to activate the complement pathway [J ⁇ _ Biol . Chem. , 272 (52) , 32817-23 (1997)].
• An object of the present invention is, therefore, to provide a PTX3 gene expression suppressor, which suppresses expression of PTX3 gene and is effective for the treatment of an autoimmune disease, especially rheumatoid arthritis.
• PTX3 gene expression suppressor comprising a compound represented by the following formula (1) :
• R 1 represents an organic group
• R 2 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or a lactone derivative thereof, or a salt thereof, as an active ingredient.
• the present invention also provides a composition for suppressing expression of PTX3 gene comprising the compound represented by the above formula (1) , or a lactone derivative thereof, or a salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• the present invention also provides use, for producing PTX3 gene expression suppressor, of the compound represented by the above formula (1), or a lactone derivative thereof, or a salt thereof.
• FIG. 1 is a diagram showing expression levels of PTX3 gene
• FIG. 2 is a diagram electrophoretically illustrating suppression of gene expression.
• HMG-CoA reductase suppressors useful as hyperlipidemia therapeutics .
• the organic group represented by R 1 in the compound represented by the formula (1) may preferably be a substituted or unsubstituted organic group having a cyclic structure.
• Examples of the organic group having the cyclic structure can include indolyl, indenyl, pyridyl, pyrrolopyridyl, pyrazolopyridyl, thienopyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolyl, imidazolyl, indolidyl, quinolyl, naphthyl, hexahydronaphthyl, cyclohexyl, phenylsilylphenyl, phenylthienyl and phenylfuryl groups, with hexahydronaphthyl, indolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrrolyl and quinolyl groups being particularly preferred.
• substituent groups which may substitute on these organic groups having the cyclic structures, can include hydroxyl group, linear, branched or cyclic alkyl groups, alkyloxyalkyl groups, alkylcarbonyloxy groups, alkyl-substituted amino groups, substituted alkylsulfonylamino groups, substituted phenylsulfonylamino groups, carbamoyl group which may be substituted by one or two alkyl or phenyl groups, halophenyl groups, alkylphenyl groups, alkoxyphenyl groups, phenyl group, and oxo group.
• substituents which may substitute on these organic groups having the cyclic structures, preferred are linear, branched or cyclic C ⁇ _ 6 alkyl groups, C 2 _ 7 alkyloxyalkyl groups, C ⁇ - 4 acyloxy groups, C 1 - 4 alkyl-substituted amino groups, C 1 - 4 alkyl-substituted C 1 - 4 alkylsulfonylamino groups, C ⁇ _ 4 alkyl-substituted phenylsulfonylamino groups, C 1 -4 alkyl-substituted carbamoyl groups, phenyl-substituted carbamoyl groups, fluorophenyl groups, bromophenyl groups, iodophenyl groups, methylphenyl groups, ethylphenyl groups, metoxyphenyl groups, ethoxyphenyl groups and phenyl group, with isopropyl, cyclopropyl
• Examples of the alkyl group represented by R 2 may include a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms .
• the lactone derivative can be obtained by subjecting its corresponding compound, which is representedby the formula (1) , to lactonization in a manner known per se in the art, for example, under acidic conditions.
• the salts of the compound represented by the formula (1) and its lactone derivative are physiologically acceptable salts.
• examples can include alkali metal salts such as the sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as the calcium salts and magnesium salts, organic amine salts such as the phenethylamine salts , and the ammonium salts , with the sodium salts and calcium salts being more preferred.
• the compound represented by the formula (1) and its lactone derivative and the salts of these compound and lactone derivatives are useful in the present invention, significantly suppress expression of RNA for PTX3 in human cells and therefore, are useful in the PTX3 gene expression suppressor according to the present invention, especially for the treatment of autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. Further, they also permit inter alia development of experiment systems, in which PTX3 takes part, and screening of novel medicines .
• Illustrative administration routes for the compound ( 1 ) or its lactone or the salt of the compound or lactone can include oral administrations bytablets, capsules, a granule, apowder, a syrup and the like; and parenteral administrations by an intravenous injection, an intramuscular injection, suppositories, an inhalant, a transdermal preparation, an eye drop, a nasal drop and the like.
• the active ingredient can be used either singly or in combination with one or more of pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, binders, extenders, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, dispersants, buffering agents, preservatives, corrigents, perfumes, coatingmaterials, carriers, diluents and the like, as needed.
• oral administrations are preferred.
• it is preferred to adjust the pH in view of the stability of the active ingredient JP-A-2-0006406, JP-B-2, 774, 037, O-A-97/23200, etc.).
• the dosage of the active ingredient varies inter alia depending on the weight, age, sex and conditions of eachpatient . In the case of an adult, however, it is generally preferred to orally or parenterally administer the active ingredient at a daily dosage of from 0.01 to 1,000 mg, specifically from 0. 1 to 100 mg in terms of the compound represented by formula (1) at once or in several portions.
• Example 1 The present invention will hereinafter be described in detail based on Examples. It should however be borne in mind that the present invention is not limited to the following Examples .
• Example 1 Example 1
• mRNA was isolated from the above-obtained total RNA, and based on the mRNA, cDNA was synthesized. Further, biotin-labeled cRNA was synthesized by in vitro transcription. Subsequent to purification, the biotin-labeled cRNA was subjected to fragmentation by heat treatment to prepare fragmented cRNA for use in a gene expression analysis.
• Gene expression analysis method The fragmented cRNA was poured into "Hugene Human FL Array” (trade name, product of Affymetrix, Inc. ) , and hybridization was conducted at 45°C for 16 hours. Subsequent to washing, staining with phycoerythrin-labeled streptavidin and biotinylated antistreptavidin antibody was applied, and gene expression information was inputted by "GeneChipTM Scanner” (trade name, manufactured by Hewlett Packard Company) . The information was analyzed by "GENECHIP SOFTWARE” (trade name, product of Affymetrix, Inc.) to compare expression levels.
• FIG. 1 The results of the measurement are shown in FIG. 1.
• the expression of PTX3 gene in HUVEC upon elapsed time of 8 hours after the addition of the active ingredient was significantly suppressed to 32.7 and 39.2 in the pitavastatin calcium and atorvastatin calcium addition groups, respectively, as opposed to 1113.0 in the control.
• the expression of PTX3 gene in HCASMC upon elapsed time of 8 hours after the addition of the active ingredient was also significantly suppressedto 452.5 and 432.1 in the pitavastatin calcium and atorvastatin calcium addition groups, respectively, as opposed to 1028.3 in the control.
• Example 2 Example 2
• pitavastatin calciumor atorvastatin calcium was added to 1.1 ⁇ mol/L and 6.6 ⁇ mol/L, respectively.
• pitavastatin calcium was also added to 1 ⁇ mol/L and 10 ⁇ mol/L upon elapsed time of 2 days after inoculation of HUCEC or HCASMC at 3 x 10 5 cells/10 cm dish.
• dimethyl sulfoxide a solvent for both of the active ingredients, was added (final concentration: 0.0066 v/v%).
• RNA PCR Core Kit (trade name, product of Roche Molecular Systems, Inc.) .
• PCR Using "ExpandedTM High Fidelity PCR System" (trade name, manufactured of Boehringer Mannheim AG) , thermal cycling was conducted through 25 cycles according to the following schemes: 95°C for 1 minute - 57°C for 1 minute - 72°C for 1 minute.
• PCR primers the followings were used in sets: SEQIDNo:l (Forward) andSEQIDNo: 2 (Reverse) in the case of PTX3; base SEQ ID No : 3 (Forward) and SEQ ID No: 4 (Reverse) in the case of GAPDH.
• PTX3 gene in HUVEC was suppressed by the addition of pitavastatin calcium or atorvastatin calcium both 8 hours later and 24 hours later compared with the control . Further, the expressions of PTX3 gene in HUVEC and HCASMC were concentration-dependently suppressed by the addition of pitavastatin calcium both 8 hours later and 24 hours later.
• the present invention can provide a PTX3 gene expression suppressor useful for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, especially rheumatoid arthritis.

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• 2002
  • 2002-07-17 US US10/196,428 patent/US20030195167A1/en not_active Abandoned
• 2003
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