WO2003069145A1 - Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003069145A1
WO2003069145A1 PCT/DE2002/004541 DE0204541W WO03069145A1 WO 2003069145 A1 WO2003069145 A1 WO 2003069145A1 DE 0204541 W DE0204541 W DE 0204541W WO 03069145 A1 WO03069145 A1 WO 03069145A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
pressure pump
pump
pressure
metering device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/004541
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marcus Marheineke
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch Gmbh filed Critical Robert Bosch Gmbh
Publication of WO2003069145A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003069145A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped
    • F02D41/3854—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped with elements in the low pressure part, e.g. low pressure pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/205—Quantity of fuel admitted to pumping elements being metered by an auxiliary metering device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M59/00—Pumps specially adapted for fuel-injection and not provided for in groups F02M39/00 -F02M57/00, e.g. rotary cylinder-block type of pumps
    • F02M59/20—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing
    • F02M59/36—Varying fuel delivery in quantity or timing by variably-timed valves controlling fuel passages to pumping elements or overflow passages
    • F02M59/366—Valves being actuated electrically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F04B49/24—Bypassing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
    • F02D2200/0602—Fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
    • F02D2250/31—Control of the fuel pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
    • F02D41/3845—Controlling the fuel pressure by controlling the flow into the common rail, e.g. the amount of fuel pumped

Definitions

  • the invention is based on one
  • Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a fuel injection device is known from DE 198 53 103 AI.
  • This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump, by means of which fuel is conveyed under high pressure into a reservoir. Injectors arranged on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are connected to the memory.
  • a feed pump is provided through which fuel is delivered from a storage container to the high-pressure pump.
  • a fuel metering device is also provided for setting the amount of fuel flowing to the high-pressure pump. The fuel metering device is arranged between the feed pump and the high-pressure pump, and a variable flow cross-section is set in the feed to the high-pressure pump.
  • the fuel metering device is controlled in such a way that a quantity of fuel flows to the high-pressure pump, which is required to maintain a predetermined pressure in the accumulator with the fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump.
  • the high pressure pump may no longer be supplied with fuel. Since it is not ensured that the supply of fuel to the high-pressure pump can be completely blocked with the fuel metering device, a so-called zero-feed throttle is additionally provided, which is located in a between the Fuel metering device and the high pressure pump discharging return to the storage container is arranged and through which due to a leak still through
  • Fuel metering fuel passing through is returned to the reservoir.
  • an overflow valve is arranged parallel to the fuel metering device, which regulates the pressure before
  • Fuel metering device is required.
  • Fuel injection device thus has a complex
  • the fuel injection device according to the invention with the features according to claim 1 has the advantage that it has a simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture. Neither the zero delivery throttle nor the overflow valve of the known fuel injection device are required for this.
  • Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation.
  • the figure shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle.
  • the internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders.
  • the fuel injection device has a feed pump 10, which is arranged, for example, in a fuel tank 12 of the motor vehicle, but can also be arranged outside the tank 12.
  • the feed pump 10 can have an electric drive motor and draws fuel from the fuel reservoir 12, for example, via a prefilter 14.
  • the feed pump 10 can also be driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine, for example.
  • a line 16 leads from the outlet of the feed pump 10 to a high-pressure pump 18. Between the feed pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 18, a fuel filter 20 is arranged in the line 16, which is designed as a fine filter and through which the fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 flows.
  • the high-pressure pump 18 has, for example, a plurality of pump elements 22, each of which has a piston 26 which is guided in a cylinder bore 24 and is driven in a lifting movement by means of an eccentric drive 28.
  • the high pressure pump 18 is preferably driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine.
  • the fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 is fed to a reservoir 32 via a line 30.
  • Each pump element 22 has a working space 34 delimited by the piston 26, into which an inlet from the feed pump 10 opens and from which an outlet leads to the reservoir 32.
  • a suction valve 36 opening into the working space 34 is provided in the inlet of each pump element 22 and a pressure valve 38 opening towards the accumulator 32 is provided in the outlet of each pump element 22.
  • the respective suction valve opens 36 and fuel flows into the working space 34 from the feed pump 10 while the pressure valve 38 is closed.
  • An opening pressure of the suction valve 36 is determined by a valve spring 37.
  • the respective pressure valve 38 opens and fuel flows out of the working space 34 to the accumulator 32, while the suction valve 36 is closed.
  • an injector 40 For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector 40 is provided, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. Each injector 40 is connected to the accumulator 32 via a line 42 and the opening of the injector 40 for fuel injection is controlled by an electrically controlled valve 44 which is controlled by an electronic control device 46. A return 41 can lead from the injectors 40 to the fuel reservoir 12 for fuel that is not injected.
  • a pressure valve 48 can be provided, which opens when a predetermined pressure is exceeded and releases a return via a line 50 from the accumulator 32 into the fuel reservoir 12.
  • a pressure sensor 52 is also arranged on the accumulator 32, by means of which the pressure in the accumulator 32 is detected and which is electrically connected to the control device 46, which is thus supplied with a signal for the pressure prevailing in the accumulator 32.
  • a return 54 can be provided on the high-pressure pump 18, via which, for example, a leakage amount of fuel can flow off and which can open into the line 50.
  • a return 60 leads downstream to the fuel reservoir 12 downstream of the filter 20 can open into line 50, for example.
  • a fuel metering device 62 is arranged in the return 60, through which a flow cross section of the return 60 is set. The fuel metering device 62 is controlled by the control device 46.
  • Fuel metering device 62 has a flow control valve 64 and an actuator 66 which is controlled by the control device 46.
  • the flow cross section of the return 60 can be continuously adjusted between zero and a maximum flow cross section by means of the flow control valve 64.
  • An electromagnet or a piezo actuator can be used as the actuator 66, each of which is supplied with a defined electrical voltage by the control device 46 and thereby brings the flow control valve 64 into a defined position in which it releases a defined flow cross-section.
  • the control device 46 specifies a target pressure in the memory 32.
  • the pressure device 52 provides the control device 46 with a signal for the actual pressure in the accumulator 32.
  • the pressure in the accumulator 32 is dependent on the amount of fuel delivered to the accumulator 32 by the high-pressure pump 18.
  • the amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 can be changed by changing the flow cross-section in the return 60 and thus the amount of fuel flowing out through the return 60 by means of the fuel metering device 62.
  • the fuel metering device 62 is controlled by the control device 46 in such a way that it sets a flow cross-section in the return 60 which is so large that the difference in the amount of fuel flows through it between the amount of fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 and that by the high-pressure pump 18 Maintenance of the specified target pressure to be delivered fuel quantity. If the actual pressure in the accumulator 32 is higher than the target pressure, the high-pressure pump 18 delivers an excessive amount of fuel and the control device controls the fuel metering device 62 in such a way that it releases a larger flow cross section in the return 60 and thus a larger amount of fuel through the Return 60 flows and the amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 is reduced.
  • the high-pressure pump 18 delivers too little fuel and the control device controls the fuel metering device 62 in such a way that it releases a smaller flow cross section in the return 60 and thus a smaller amount of fuel through the Return 60 flows and the amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 is increased.
  • the opening pressure of the suction valves 36 of the high-pressure pump 18 prevails upstream of the fuel metering device 62 and, downstream of the fuel metering device 62, the pressure prevailing in the fuel reservoir 12, which is at least approximately atmospheric pressure.
  • the outflowing fuel quantity can thus be regulated in a simple manner by setting the flow cross section by means of the fuel metering device 62.
  • an at least approximately linear characteristic curve that is an at least approximately linear relationship between the set flow cross section and the outflowing fuel quantity, can be achieved.
  • the opening pressure of the suction valves 36 can be, for example, approximately 5 bar or less.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

The fuel injection device comprises a high-pressure pump (18) which is used to pump the fuel at high pressure into a reservoir (32) and which is connected to injectors (40) that are disposed on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine. A feed pump (10) pumps fuel from a storage container (12) to the high-pressure pump. The amount of fuel pumped by the high-pressure pump is adjusted by a fuel measurement device (62) and controlled in such a way that the amount of fuel pumped into the reservoir (32) by the high-pressure pump corresponds to the amount required in order to maintain a given pressure inside the reservoir (32). A return pipe (60), leading at least indirectly to the storage container (60), runs between the feed element (10) and the high-pressure pump (18). The fuel measurement device (62) is disposed inside the return pipe (60) and the cross-section of the through-flow of the return pipe is adjusted in such a way that the amount of fuel corresponding to the difference between the amount of fuel pumped by the feed pump (10) and the amount of fuel to be fed by the high-pressure fuel pipe (18) in order to maintain a given pressure inside the reservoir flows through the return pipe (60).

Description

Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine BrennkraftmaschineFuel injection device for an internal combustion engine
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Die Erfindung geht aus von einerThe invention is based on one
Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine nach der Gattung des Anspruchs 1.Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of claim 1.
Eine solche Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung ist durch die DE 198 53 103 AI bekannt. Diese Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Hochdruckpumpe auf, durch die Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck in einen Speicher gefördert wird. Mit dem Speicher sind an den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnete Injektoren verbunden. Es ist eine Förderpumpe vorgesehen, durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Vorratsbehalter zur Hochdruckpumpe gefördert wird. Es ist außerdem eine Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung zur Einstellung der der Hochdruckpumpe zufließenden Kraftstoffmenge vorgesehen. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung ist zwischen der Förderpumpe und der Hochdruckpumpe angeordnet und durch diese wird ein veränderlicher Durchflußguerschnitt im Zulauf zur Hochdruckpumpe eingestellt. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung wird derart angesteuert, daß der Hochdruckpumpe eine Kraftstoffmenge zufließt, die erforderlich ist, um im Speicher mit dem durch die Hochdruckpumpe geförderten Kraftstoff einen vorgegebenen Druck aufrechtzuerhalten. Unter bestimmten Betriebsbedingungen der Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise im Schubbetrieb, darf der Hochdruckpumpe kein Kraftstoff mehr zugeführt werden. Da nicht sichergestellt ist, daß mit der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung der Zulauf von Kraftstoff zur Hochdruckpumpe vollständig gesperrt werden kann, ist zusätzlich eine sogenannte Nullförderdrossel vorgesehen, die in einem zwischen der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung und der Hochdruckpumpe abführenden Rücklauf zum Vorratsbehalter angeordnet ist und über die infolge einer Undichtigkeit noch durch dieSuch a fuel injection device is known from DE 198 53 103 AI. This fuel injection device has a high-pressure pump, by means of which fuel is conveyed under high pressure into a reservoir. Injectors arranged on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are connected to the memory. A feed pump is provided through which fuel is delivered from a storage container to the high-pressure pump. A fuel metering device is also provided for setting the amount of fuel flowing to the high-pressure pump. The fuel metering device is arranged between the feed pump and the high-pressure pump, and a variable flow cross-section is set in the feed to the high-pressure pump. The fuel metering device is controlled in such a way that a quantity of fuel flows to the high-pressure pump, which is required to maintain a predetermined pressure in the accumulator with the fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump. Under certain operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, for example in overrun mode, the high pressure pump may no longer be supplied with fuel. Since it is not ensured that the supply of fuel to the high-pressure pump can be completely blocked with the fuel metering device, a so-called zero-feed throttle is additionally provided, which is located in a between the Fuel metering device and the high pressure pump discharging return to the storage container is arranged and through which due to a leak still through
Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung hindurchtretender Kraftstoff in den Vorratsbehalter zurückgeführt wird. Außerdem ist parallel zur Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung ein Überströmventil angeordnet, das zur Regelung des Druckes vor derFuel metering fuel passing through is returned to the reservoir. In addition, an overflow valve is arranged parallel to the fuel metering device, which regulates the pressure before
Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung erforderlich ist. Die bekannteFuel metering device is required. The well-known
Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist somit einen aufwendigenFuel injection device thus has a complex
Aufbau mit vielen Bauteilen auf und ist nicht kostengünstig herstellbar.Structure with many components and is not inexpensive to manufacture.
Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung mit den Merkmalen gemäß Anspruch 1 hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß diese einen einfachen Aufbau aufweist und entsprechend kostengünstig herstellbar ist. Es sind bei dieser weder die Nullförderdrossel noch das Überströmventil der bekannten Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung erforderlich .The fuel injection device according to the invention with the features according to claim 1 has the advantage that it has a simple structure and is inexpensive to manufacture. Neither the zero delivery throttle nor the overflow valve of the known fuel injection device are required for this.
In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung angegeben .Advantageous refinements and developments of the fuel injection device according to the invention are specified in the dependent claims.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Die Figur zeigt eineAn embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. The figure shows one
Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs in schematischer Darstellung.Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle in a schematic representation.
Beschreibung des Ausführungsbeispiels In der Figur ist eine Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine beispielsweise eines Kraftfahrzeugs dargestellt. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist vorzugsweise eine selbstzündende Brennkraftmaschine und weist einen oder mehrere Zylinder auf. Die Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung weist eine Förderpumpe 10 auf, die beispielsweise in einem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 des Kraftfahrzeugs angeordnet ist, jedoch auch außerhalb des Behälters 12 angeordnet sein kann. Die Förderpumpe 10 kann einen elektrischen Antriebsmotor aufweisen und saugt beispielsweise über ein Vorfilter 14 Kraftstoff aus dem Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 an. Die Förderpumpe 10 kann auch beispielsweise mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben werden. Vom Auslass der Förderpumpe 10 führt eine Leitung 16 zu einer Hochdruckpumpe 18. Zwischen der Förderpumpe 10 und der Hochdruckpumpe 18 ist in der Leitung 16 ein Kraftstoffilter 20 angeordnet, das als Feinfilter ausgebildet ist und das von dem durch die Förderpumpe 10 geförderten Kraftstoff durchströmt wird.Description of the embodiment The figure shows a fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine, for example of a motor vehicle. The internal combustion engine is preferably a self-igniting internal combustion engine and has one or more cylinders. The fuel injection device has a feed pump 10, which is arranged, for example, in a fuel tank 12 of the motor vehicle, but can also be arranged outside the tank 12. The feed pump 10 can have an electric drive motor and draws fuel from the fuel reservoir 12, for example, via a prefilter 14. The feed pump 10 can also be driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine, for example. A line 16 leads from the outlet of the feed pump 10 to a high-pressure pump 18. Between the feed pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 18, a fuel filter 20 is arranged in the line 16, which is designed as a fine filter and through which the fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 flows.
Die Hochdruckpumpe 18 weist beispielsweise mehrere Pumpenelemente 22 auf, die jeweils einen in einer Zylinderbohrung 24 geführten Kolben 26 aufweisen, der über einen Exzentantrieb 28 in einer Hubbewegung angetrieben wird. Die Hochdruckpumpe 18 wird vorzugsweise mechanisch durch die Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben. Der durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderte Kraftstoff wird über eine Leitung 30 einem Speicher 32 zugeführt. Jedes Pumpenelement 22 weist einen vom Kolben 26 begrenzten Arbeitsraum 34 auf, in den ein Zulauf von der Förderpumpe 10 her mündet und von dem ein Ablauf zum Speicher 32 abführt. Im Zulauf jedes Pumpenelements 22 ist ein in den Arbeitsraum 34 öffnendes Saugventil 36 vorgesehen und im Ablauf jedes Pumpenelements 22 ist ein zum Speicher 32 hin öffnendes Druckventil 38 vorgesehen. Beim Saughub der Kolben 26, wenn diese sich radial nach innen bewegen, öffnet das jeweilige Saugventil 36 und in den Arbeitsraum 34 strömt Kraftstoff von der Förderpumpe 10 ein, während das Druckventil 38 geschlossen ist. Ein Öffnungsdruck des Saugventils 36 ist durch eine Ventilfeder 37 bestimmt. Beim Förderhub der Kolben 26, wenn diese sich radial nach außen bewegen, öffnet das jeweilige Druckventil 38 und aus dem Arbeitsraum 34 strömt Kraftstoff zum Speicher 32 hin ab, während das Saugventil 36 geschlossen ist.The high-pressure pump 18 has, for example, a plurality of pump elements 22, each of which has a piston 26 which is guided in a cylinder bore 24 and is driven in a lifting movement by means of an eccentric drive 28. The high pressure pump 18 is preferably driven mechanically by the internal combustion engine. The fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 is fed to a reservoir 32 via a line 30. Each pump element 22 has a working space 34 delimited by the piston 26, into which an inlet from the feed pump 10 opens and from which an outlet leads to the reservoir 32. A suction valve 36 opening into the working space 34 is provided in the inlet of each pump element 22 and a pressure valve 38 opening towards the accumulator 32 is provided in the outlet of each pump element 22. During the suction stroke of the pistons 26, when they move radially inward, the respective suction valve opens 36 and fuel flows into the working space 34 from the feed pump 10 while the pressure valve 38 is closed. An opening pressure of the suction valve 36 is determined by a valve spring 37. During the delivery stroke of the pistons 26, when they move radially outward, the respective pressure valve 38 opens and fuel flows out of the working space 34 to the accumulator 32, while the suction valve 36 is closed.
Für jeden Zylinder der Brennkraftmaschine ist ein Injektor 40 vorgesehen, durch den Kraftstoff in den Brennraum des Zylinders eingespritzt wird. Jeder Injektor 40 ist über eine Leitung 42 mit dem Speicher 32 verbunden und die Öffnung des Injektors 40 zur Kraftstoffeinspritzung wird durch ein elektrisch angesteuertes Ventil 44 gesteuert, das von einer elektronischen Steuereinrichtung 46 angesteuert wird. Von den Injektoren 40 kann ein Rücklauf 41 zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 abführen für nicht eingespritzten Kraftstoff.For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, an injector 40 is provided, through which fuel is injected into the combustion chamber of the cylinder. Each injector 40 is connected to the accumulator 32 via a line 42 and the opening of the injector 40 for fuel injection is controlled by an electrically controlled valve 44 which is controlled by an electronic control device 46. A return 41 can lead from the injectors 40 to the fuel reservoir 12 for fuel that is not injected.
Zur Steuerung und/oder Begrenzung des im Speicher 32 herrschenden Drucks kann ein Druckventil 48 vorgesehen sein, das bei Überschreiten eines vorgegeben Drucks öffnet und einen Rücklauf über eine Leitung 50 vom Speicher 32 in den Kraftstoffvorratsbehalter 12 freigibt. Am Speicher 32 ist außerdem ein Drucksensor 52 angeordnet, durch den der Druck im Speicher 32 erfasst wird und der elektrisch mit der Steuereinrichtung 46 verbunden ist, der somit ein Signal für den im Speicher 32 herrschenden Druck zugeführt wird. An der Hochdruckpumpe 18 kann ein Rücklauf 54 vorgesehen sein, über den beispielsweise eine Leckmenge an Kraftstoff abfließen kann und der in die Leitung 50 münden kann.To control and / or limit the pressure prevailing in the accumulator 32, a pressure valve 48 can be provided, which opens when a predetermined pressure is exceeded and releases a return via a line 50 from the accumulator 32 into the fuel reservoir 12. A pressure sensor 52 is also arranged on the accumulator 32, by means of which the pressure in the accumulator 32 is detected and which is electrically connected to the control device 46, which is thus supplied with a signal for the pressure prevailing in the accumulator 32. A return 54 can be provided on the high-pressure pump 18, via which, for example, a leakage amount of fuel can flow off and which can open into the line 50.
Von der Verbindung zwischen der Förderpumpe 10 und der Hochdruckpumpe 18 führt stromabwärts nach dem Filter 20 ein Rücklauf 60 zum Kraftstoffvorratsbehälter 12 ab, der beispielsweise in die Leitung 50 münden kann. Im Rücklauf 60 ist eine Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 angeordnet, durch die ein Durchflußquerschnitt des Rücklaufs 60 eingestellt wird. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 46 angesteuert. DieFrom the connection between the feed pump 10 and the high-pressure pump 18, a return 60 leads downstream to the fuel reservoir 12 downstream of the filter 20 can open into line 50, for example. A fuel metering device 62 is arranged in the return 60, through which a flow cross section of the return 60 is set. The fuel metering device 62 is controlled by the control device 46. The
Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 weist ein Durchflußregelventil 64 auf und einen Aktor 66, der durch die Steuereinrichtung 46 angesteuert wird. Mittels des Durchflußregelventils 64 kann der Durchflußquerschnitt des Rücklaufs 60 kontinuierlich verstellt werden zwischen Null und einem maximalen Durchflußquerschnitt. Als Aktor 66 kann ein Elektromagnet oder ein Piezoaktor verwendet werden, der jeweils durch die Steuereinrichtung 46 mit einer definierten elektrischen Spannung versorgt wird und dabei das Durchflußregelventil 64 in eine definierte Stellung bringt, in der dieses einen definierten Durchflußquerschnitt freigibt .Fuel metering device 62 has a flow control valve 64 and an actuator 66 which is controlled by the control device 46. The flow cross section of the return 60 can be continuously adjusted between zero and a maximum flow cross section by means of the flow control valve 64. An electromagnet or a piezo actuator can be used as the actuator 66, each of which is supplied with a defined electrical voltage by the control device 46 and thereby brings the flow control valve 64 into a defined position in which it releases a defined flow cross-section.
Abhängig von Betriebsparametern der Brennkraftmaschine, wie beispielsweise Drehzahl, Last und anderen, wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 46 ein Solldruck im Speicher 32 vorgegeben. Durch den Drucksensor 52 erhält die Steuereinrichtung 46 ein Signal für den Istdruck im Speicher 32. Der Druck im Speicher 32 ist abhängig von der durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 in den Speicher 32 geförderten Kraftstoffmenge. Die durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge kann dadurch verändert werden, daß mittels der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 der Durchflußquerschnitt im Rücklauf 60 und damit die durch den Rücklauf 60 abfließende Kraftstoffmenge verändert wird. Die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 wird durch die Steuereinrichtung 46 derart angesteuert, daß diese im Rücklauf 60 einen Durchflußquerschnitt einstellt, der so groß ist, daß durch diesen die Differenz der Kraftstoffmenge abfließt zwischen der durch die Förderpumpe 10 geförderten Kraftstoffmenge und der durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 zur Aufrechterhaltung des vorgegebenen Solldrucks zu fördernden Kraftstoffmenge. Wenn der Istdruck im Speicher 32 höher ist als der Solldruck, so wird durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 eine zu große Kraftstoffmenge gefördert und durch die Steuereinrichtung wird die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 derart angesteuert, daß diese einen größeren Durchflußquerschnitt im Rücklauf 60 freigibt und somit eine größere Kraftstoffmenge durch den Rücklauf 60 abfließt und die durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge verringert wird. Wenn der Istdruck im Speicher 32 geringer ist als der Solldruck, so wird durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 eine zu geringe Kraftstoffmenge gefördert und durch die Steuereinrichtung wird die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 derart angesteuert, daß diese einen kleineren Durchflußquerschnitt im Rücklauf 60 freigibt und somit eine geringere Kraftstoffmenge durch den Rücklauf 60 abfließt und die durch die Hochdruckpumpe 18 geförderte Kraftstoffmenge erhöht wird. Vor und nach der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 besteht eine konstante Druckdifferenz, da stromaufwärts vor der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 der Öffnungsdruck der Saugventile 36 der Hochdruckpumpe 18 herrscht und stromabwärts nach der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 der im Kraftstoffvorratsbehalter 12 herrschende Druck, der zumindest annähernd Atmosphärendruck ist. Somit kann auf einfache Weise die abfließende Kraftstoffmenge durch Einstellung des Durchflußquerschnitts mittels der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung 62 geregelt werden. Es kann dabei eine zumindest annähernd lineare Kennlinie, das ist ein zumindest annähernd linearer Zusammenhang zwischen dem eingestellten Durchflußquerschnitt und der abfließenden Kraftstoffmenge, erreicht werden. Der Öffnungsdruck der Saugventile 36 kann beispielsweise etwa 5 bar oder weniger betragen. Depending on the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, such as, for example, speed, load and others, the control device 46 specifies a target pressure in the memory 32. The pressure device 52 provides the control device 46 with a signal for the actual pressure in the accumulator 32. The pressure in the accumulator 32 is dependent on the amount of fuel delivered to the accumulator 32 by the high-pressure pump 18. The amount of fuel delivered by the high-pressure pump 18 can be changed by changing the flow cross-section in the return 60 and thus the amount of fuel flowing out through the return 60 by means of the fuel metering device 62. The fuel metering device 62 is controlled by the control device 46 in such a way that it sets a flow cross-section in the return 60 which is so large that the difference in the amount of fuel flows through it between the amount of fuel delivered by the feed pump 10 and that by the high-pressure pump 18 Maintenance of the specified target pressure to be delivered fuel quantity. If the actual pressure in the accumulator 32 is higher than the target pressure, the high-pressure pump 18 delivers an excessive amount of fuel and the control device controls the fuel metering device 62 in such a way that it releases a larger flow cross section in the return 60 and thus a larger amount of fuel through the Return 60 flows and the amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 is reduced. If the actual pressure in the accumulator 32 is lower than the set pressure, the high-pressure pump 18 delivers too little fuel and the control device controls the fuel metering device 62 in such a way that it releases a smaller flow cross section in the return 60 and thus a smaller amount of fuel through the Return 60 flows and the amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump 18 is increased. There is a constant pressure difference upstream and downstream of the fuel metering device 62, since the opening pressure of the suction valves 36 of the high-pressure pump 18 prevails upstream of the fuel metering device 62 and, downstream of the fuel metering device 62, the pressure prevailing in the fuel reservoir 12, which is at least approximately atmospheric pressure. The outflowing fuel quantity can thus be regulated in a simple manner by setting the flow cross section by means of the fuel metering device 62. In this case, an at least approximately linear characteristic curve, that is an at least approximately linear relationship between the set flow cross section and the outflowing fuel quantity, can be achieved. The opening pressure of the suction valves 36 can be, for example, approximately 5 bar or less.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung für eine1. Fuel injector for one
Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Hochdruckpumpe (18) , durch die Kraftstoff unter Hochdruck in einen Speicher (32) gefördert wird, mit dem an den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine angeordnete Injektoren (40) verbunden sind, mit einer Förderpumpe (10) , durch die Kraftstoff aus einem Vorratsbehalter (12) zur Hochdruckpumpe (18) gefördert wird, und mit einer Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) zur Einstellung der durch die Hochdruckpumpe (18) geförderten Kraftstoffmenge, die derart angesteuert wird, daß durch die Hochdruckpumpe (18) eine Kraftstoffmenge in den Speicher (32) gefördert wird, die erforderlich ist, um im Speicher (32) einen vorgegebenen Druck aufrechtzuerhalten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Förderpumpe (10) und der Hochdruckpumpe (18) ein Rücklauf (60) abführt, der zumindest mittelbar zum Vorratsbehalter (12) führt, daß dieInternal combustion engine with a high-pressure pump (18), through which fuel is conveyed under high pressure into a store (32), to which injectors (40) arranged on the cylinders of the internal combustion engine are connected, with a feed pump (10), through which fuel from a storage container (12) is conveyed to the high pressure pump (18), and with a fuel metering device (62) for adjusting the amount of fuel delivered by the high pressure pump (18), which is controlled in such a way that a quantity of fuel is fed into the accumulator (32) by the high pressure pump (18). is conveyed, which is necessary to maintain a predetermined pressure in the reservoir (32), characterized in that between the feed pump (10) and the high pressure pump (18) a return (60) leads away, which leads at least indirectly to the reservoir (12) , that the
Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) im Rücklauf (60) angeordnet ist und daß durch die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) ein Durchflußquerschnitt des Rücklaufs derart eingestellt wird, daß durch den Rücklauf (60) eine Kraftstoffmenge entsprechend der Differenz zwischen der durch die Förderpumpe (10) geförderten Kraftstoffmenge und der der Hochdruckpumpe (18) zur Aufrechterhaltung des vorgegebenen Drucks im Speicher (32) zuzuführenden Kraftstoffmenge abfließt.Fuel metering device (62) is arranged in the return line (60) and that a flow cross section of the return line is set by the fuel metering device (62) in such a way that the return line (60) produces a fuel quantity corresponding to the difference between the fuel quantity pumped by the feed pump (10) and of the fuel quantity to be supplied to the high-pressure pump (18) in order to maintain the predetermined pressure in the accumulator (32).
2. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) einen elektrisch angesteuerten Aktor (64) und ein durch diesen betätigtes Durchflußregelventil (66) aufweist.2. Fuel injection device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel metering device (62) has an electrically controlled actuator (64) and a flow control valve (66) actuated by it.
3. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die3. Fuel injection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by the
Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) der Durchflußquerschnitt des Rücklaufs kontinuierlich veränderbar ist.Fuel metering device (62) the flow cross section of the return is continuously variable.
4. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen der Förderpumpe4. Fuel injection device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that between the feed pump
(10) und der Hochdruckpumpe (18) ein Kraftstoffilter (20) angeordnet ist und daß der Rücklauf (60) zwischen dem Kraftstoffilter (20) und der Hochdruckpumpe (18) abführt.(10) and the high pressure pump (18) a fuel filter (20) is arranged and that the return (60) between the fuel filter (20) and the high pressure pump (18) leads away.
5. Kraftstoffeinspritzeinrichtung nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei der Kraftstoffzumeßeinrichtung (62) zumindest annähernd eine lineare Abhängigkeit zwischen dem eingestellten Durchflußquerschnitt und der abfließenden Kraftstoffmenge besteht. 5. Fuel injection device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the fuel metering device (62) there is at least approximately a linear dependency between the set flow cross section and the outflowing fuel quantity.
PCT/DE2002/004541 2002-02-13 2002-12-11 Fuel injection device for an internal combustion engine WO2003069145A1 (en)

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CN107299863A (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-27 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Method for the supply unit of the high-pressure injection system that controls internal combustion engine
CN112020602A (en) * 2018-04-10 2020-12-01 康明斯公司 Adaptive high pressure fuel pump system and method of predicting pumping quality

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ATE344882T1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-11-15 Delphi Tech Inc MEASURING DEVICE

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CN107299863A (en) * 2016-04-15 2017-10-27 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Method for the supply unit of the high-pressure injection system that controls internal combustion engine
CN107299863B (en) * 2016-04-15 2022-06-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 Method for controlling a delivery unit of a high-pressure injection system of an internal combustion engine
CN112020602A (en) * 2018-04-10 2020-12-01 康明斯公司 Adaptive high pressure fuel pump system and method of predicting pumping quality
US11486326B2 (en) 2018-04-10 2022-11-01 Cummins Inc. Adaptive high pressure fuel pump system and method for predicting pumped mass

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