WO2003050778A1 - Systeme capteur optique destine a detecter la formation de glace - Google Patents

Systeme capteur optique destine a detecter la formation de glace Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003050778A1
WO2003050778A1 PCT/DE2002/004269 DE0204269W WO03050778A1 WO 2003050778 A1 WO2003050778 A1 WO 2003050778A1 DE 0204269 W DE0204269 W DE 0204269W WO 03050778 A1 WO03050778 A1 WO 03050778A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
light guide
ice
sensor system
optical sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/004269
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Walter Müller
Klaus-Dieter Probst
Klaus Tittl
Original Assignee
Mueller Walter
Klaus-Dieter Probst
Klaus Tittl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mueller Walter, Klaus-Dieter Probst, Klaus Tittl filed Critical Mueller Walter
Publication of WO2003050778A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003050778A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B19/00—Alarms responsive to two or more different undesired or abnormal conditions, e.g. burglary and fire, abnormal temperature and abnormal rate of flow
    • G08B19/02—Alarm responsive to formation or anticipated formation of ice
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D15/00—De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft
    • B64D15/20—Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical sensor system for detecting ice formation under atmospheric conditions.
  • ice sensors are known from motor vehicle technology for determining the icing condition of the windshield in various designs. Such systems are often coupled to heating devices for windshield heating or also to the windshield wiper system, which are controlled by electrical signals emitted by the sensor.
  • Ice sensors for stationary facilities in various areas of application have also become known.
  • Mainly electrical and optical measuring principles are used here.
  • sensor systems that react to changes in resistance or capacity caused by precipitation or ice formation and display them.
  • sensor systems based on light measurement methods are to be preferred if they are to be installed outdoors on technical systems at great heights above ground and atmospheric discharges, for example due to Lightning strikes cannot be excluded. Because the ice sensors based on electrical measuring principles are particularly at risk and highly prone to failure.
  • an ice detector for an ice warning system in which light from a radiation source is directed onto a transparent detection surface and the light reflected on this surface is registered by a radiation receiver.
  • the reflection of the incident light is particularly great when ice has deposited on the detection surface, while otherwise the light can pass through unhindered.
  • fiber-optic light guides are used, which are designed as 4-port branching, Y-branching or as partially spliced light guides. The setup is simple, and the useful / interference signal ratio is also described as sufficient.
  • the degree of reflection of ice is so strongly dependent on its frequently changing crystallization state that the measuring accuracy of such a device cannot be sufficient for many applications.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a sensor system for the detection of ice formation, which works according to optical measurement principles and which is reliable even under the most varied of external conditions and ensures adequate measurement accuracy.
  • the measuring device should be robust and allow adjustment with little effort. Using appropriately adapted optical components, the light losses should remain as low as possible and the interferences caused by unwanted external radiation should be largely suppressed.
  • the sensor system should be especially for one Attachment at a greater height, such as. B. on supporting columns of Wmdkraftmaschinen or masts of power lines etc. are suitable.
  • a sensor system with the features of the preamble of the main claim, which is characterized according to the invention in that the sensor element is a reflection prism, in the hypotenuse surface of which the radiation transported by the first fiber optic light guide is coupled in under perpendicular light, reflected on the roof surfaces and in Direction reversal after perpendicular light exit from the hypotenuse surface is directed onto the light entry surface of the second fiber optic light guide.
  • the roof surfaces of the reflection prism form the sensor surfaces of the measuring system. The radiation incident on the reflection prism is totally reflected on these surfaces, because the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle for total reflection for the glass / air transition.
  • the use of the flexible fiber optic light guide cables also allows the sensor element to be used in places that are difficult to access, such as near a mast tip and also in distance from the radiation source and the radiation receiver. This makes it possible to reduce the susceptibility to malfunction of such an arrangement, especially since the electrical supply lines and the like, which are particularly at risk in the case of atmospheric discharges, are also completely absent here.
  • the surface areas of the reflection prism not affected by the measurement light should be covered with an opaque lacquer.
  • the robust structure of the sensor system can be reinforced by placing the associated ends of the fiber optic light guide cables directly on the hypotenuse surface of the reflection prism and cementing them firmly to this prism surface.
  • the refractive indices of the prism material, the individual fibers of the light guide and the optical cement should differ only slightly from one another.
  • a radiation source 1 for example a luminescence diode
  • the radiation is directed through a fiber optic light guide 2, the individual fibers of which consist of quartz glass, onto a reflection prism 3 with a hypotenuse surface 4 and roof surfaces 5 and 6.
  • the beam of rays passes through the hypotenuse surface and is completely reflected one after the other on the roof surfaces of the prism, provided that the angle of incidence cci, _ is greater than the critical angle for total reflection.
  • a right-angled prism is used here as the reflection prism, so that the angle of incidence of light and the angle of reflection in the case of perpendicular light entry through the hypotenuse surface are 45 ° be.
  • the critical angle for total reflection for the glass / air transition is approx. 42 °.
  • the totally reflected radiation from the reflection prism passes through a fiber optic light guide 7 to a radiation receiver 8, for. B. a photodiode, which emits a signal corresponding to the incident radiation intensity to an evaluation unit 9.
  • the critical angle for total reflection becomes larger and is around 60 ° at the border crossing between the media glass and ice. Then only a small part of the incident total radiation is deflected at the reflection surfaces and directed onto the radiation receiver and the corresponding electrical signal is displayed in the evaluation unit.
  • the rest of the radiation comes out through the roof surfaces 5 and 6 of the reflection prism. In the arrangement described here, the changes in the measured values during the transition from complete to disturbed total reflection are so considerable that there is sufficient sensitivity for many purposes.
  • the exemplary embodiment can only show the main features of the invention. So it is e.g. possible that the radiation source emits pulsed light, in order to be able to eliminate the possibly still disturbing influence of constant light incident from the environment.
  • the light of the radiation receiver can also be directed onto a plurality of sensor elements using further fiber-optic light guides.
  • the evaluation unit could control a heating device in order, if necessary, to defrost the ice on the reflection prism and to put the system back into the ready-for-use state.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système capteur optique destiné à détecter la formation de glace, comportant une source dont le rayonnement est guidé sur un élément capteur par un premier conducteur optique à fibres optiques, la surface de détection dudit capteur réfléchissant ledit rayonnement et alimentant celui-ci à un récepteur de rayonnement par l'intermédiaire d'un deuxième conducteur optique à fibres optiques. Ledit deuxième conducteur optique produit un signal électrique correspondant à l'intensité du rayonnement et transmet celui-ci à une unité d'évaluation. Selon l'invention, ledit élément capteur se présente sous la forme d'un prisme de réflexion. Le rayonnement transporté par le premier conducteur optique est couplé dans la face de l'hypoténuse dudit prisme avec incidence perpendiculaire de la lumière, réfléchi sur les faces supérieures et dirigé dans la direction inverse sur la face d'entrée de lumière du deuxième conducteur optique après sortie de la lumière perpendiculairement à la face de l'hypoténuse. Lorsqu'il n'y a pas formation de glace sur les faces supérieures, la réflexion est totale, et lorsqu'il y a formation de glace, la réflexion du rayonnement couplé n'est que partielle.
PCT/DE2002/004269 2001-12-05 2002-11-18 Systeme capteur optique destine a detecter la formation de glace WO2003050778A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2001160522 DE10160522A1 (de) 2001-12-05 2001-12-05 Optisches Sensorsystem zur Erfassung von Eisbildungen
DE10160522.6 2001-12-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003050778A1 true WO2003050778A1 (fr) 2003-06-19

Family

ID=7708618

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2002/004269 WO2003050778A1 (fr) 2001-12-05 2002-11-18 Systeme capteur optique destine a detecter la formation de glace

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE10160522A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003050778A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082635A1 (fr) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotor pour eolienne comprenant un dispositif de mesure de la deformation d'une pale de rotor
CN108278969A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-07-13 智恒（厦门）微电子有限公司 一种微型光电传感器
WO2021101465A1 (fr) * 2019-11-22 2021-05-27 Koc Universitesi Appareil et procédé permettant de surveiller l'accrétion de la glace et le dégivrage
US11686742B2 (en) 2020-11-20 2023-06-27 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Laser airspeed measurement sensor incorporating reversion capability
US11851193B2 (en) 2020-11-20 2023-12-26 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Blended optical and vane synthetic air data architecture

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8500402B2 (en) * 2004-12-14 2013-08-06 Aloys Wobben Rotor blade for a wind power station
DE102004060449A1 (de) * 2004-12-14 2006-06-29 Aloys Wobben Rotorblatt für eine Windenergieanlage
US8120759B2 (en) 2008-03-31 2012-02-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Optical transmission strain sensor for wind turbines
GB2461532A (en) 2008-07-01 2010-01-06 Vestas Wind Sys As Sensor system and method for detecting deformation in a wind turbine component
GB2461566A (en) 2008-07-03 2010-01-06 Vestas Wind Sys As Embedded fibre optic sensor for mounting on wind turbine components and method of producing the same.
GB2463696A (en) 2008-09-22 2010-03-24 Vestas Wind Sys As Edge-wise bending insensitive strain sensor system
GB2466433B (en) 2008-12-16 2011-05-25 Vestas Wind Sys As Turbulence sensor and blade condition sensor system
GB2472437A (en) 2009-08-06 2011-02-09 Vestas Wind Sys As Wind turbine rotor blade control based on detecting turbulence
GB2477529A (en) 2010-02-04 2011-08-10 Vestas Wind Sys As A wind turbine optical wind sensor for determining wind speed and direction
AT13109U1 (de) * 2012-06-25 2013-06-15 Bachmann Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erfassung des Eisansatzes und der Vereisungsrate an den Rotorblättern einer Windenergie-Anlage

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2158939A (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-20 Plessey Co Plc Monitoring condition of surface
GB2212913A (en) * 1987-11-28 1989-08-02 Robin Edward Carmic Washington Ice warning detector
WO2001011582A1 (fr) * 1999-08-10 2001-02-15 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Detecteur de glace optique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2158939A (en) * 1984-05-15 1985-11-20 Plessey Co Plc Monitoring condition of surface
GB2212913A (en) * 1987-11-28 1989-08-02 Robin Edward Carmic Washington Ice warning detector
WO2001011582A1 (fr) * 1999-08-10 2001-02-15 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Detecteur de glace optique

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2007082635A1 (fr) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-26 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotor pour eolienne comprenant un dispositif de mesure de la deformation d'une pale de rotor
CN108278969A (zh) * 2018-01-23 2018-07-13 智恒（厦门）微电子有限公司 一种微型光电传感器
WO2021101465A1 (fr) * 2019-11-22 2021-05-27 Koc Universitesi Appareil et procédé permettant de surveiller l'accrétion de la glace et le dégivrage
US11686742B2 (en) 2020-11-20 2023-06-27 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Laser airspeed measurement sensor incorporating reversion capability
US11851193B2 (en) 2020-11-20 2023-12-26 Rosemount Aerospace Inc. Blended optical and vane synthetic air data architecture

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10160522A1 (de) 2003-06-26

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