WO2003047825A1 - Panneaux de fibres et procedes de preparation de ces panneaux - Google Patents

Panneaux de fibres et procedes de preparation de ces panneaux Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2003047825A1
WO2003047825A1 PCT/FI2002/000919 FI0200919W WO03047825A1 WO 2003047825 A1 WO2003047825 A1 WO 2003047825A1 FI 0200919 W FI0200919 W FI 0200919W WO 03047825 A1 WO03047825 A1 WO 03047825A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fibers
salt
fiber
lignocellulosic
iii
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2002/000919
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Joni Kunnas
Marko Lindgren
Frits Veldman
Hans Voorn
Pia Qvintus-Leino
Original Assignee
Dynea Chemicals Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dynea Chemicals Oy filed Critical Dynea Chemicals Oy
Priority to AU2002342944A priority Critical patent/AU2002342944A1/en
Publication of WO2003047825A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003047825A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
    • D21J1/00—Fibreboard
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/005—Microorganisms or enzymes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fiberboards and similar wood-based products.
  • the present invention concerns fiberboards according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such fiberboards contain lignocellulosic fibres which are bonded together in the presence of an inorganic salt having a multivalent metal cation and shaped into a compressed product having a density of at least 750 kg/m .
  • the fibres are bonded together essentially in the absence of synthetic polymer resins.
  • the wood panel industry produces a wide variety of products f om plywood to oriented strandboard, from laminated veneer lumber to engineered wood products, from hardwood plywood to particleboard and medium density fiberboard.
  • the wood particles which concept in the present context covers both wood fibres, saw dust, wood strands and wood sheets, are bonded together using various industrial resins, including phenolic, melamine and urea resins.
  • Wood panels such as fibre boards, have high strength and provide excellent insulation properties. However, they are sensitive to moisture because wood fibres have a tendency to swell upon contact with water. Therefore, there is a need to provide new panels with improved dimensional stability.
  • Westin et al. [Westin, M., Simonson, R. and Ostman, B., Holz als Roh- und Maschinenstoff 58 (2001) 393-400, Springer-Nerlag] have described the effect of kraft lignin addition to wood chips or board pulp prior to fiberboard production and shown that it is possible to improve the properties of fiberboards by adding kraft lignin to wood chips prior to defibration and alternatively to fibres.
  • Westin et al. also discuss the addition of aluminum salts together with the kraft lignin. The use of aluminum salts as such is disclosed in some of the examples, but the authors conclude that without the addition of lignin, only a small amount of metal can be fixed and very little stabilization effect is gained with the metal treatment alone.
  • the boards manufactured by Westin et al. are rather thin (having a thickness of 3 mm) and the fibers studied have been exclusively derived from softwood.
  • the present invention is based on the idea of producing fiberboards comprising lignocellulosic fibers, which consist essentially of hardwood fibers.
  • fibers are bonded together using a ferric salt, such as ferric sulfate or ferric nitrate.
  • a ferric salt such as ferric sulfate or ferric nitrate.
  • the concentration of the metal cation, i.e. the Fe(III) ion, in the board should be at least 0.3 wt-% of the dry matter of the fibers.
  • the fiberboard or similar wood-based product according to the invention is mainly characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 1.
  • iron (III) salts good bonding strengths are obtained without the use of traditional synthetic polymeric resins, such as phenolic resins or urea formaldehyde or melamine urea formaldehyde resins.
  • Iron (III) salts are well soluble in water which makes it possible to use them at very strong concentrations, which decreases the amount of water incorporated into the fibrous mixture before it is compressed into a rigid structure. As a result of the decreased moisture contained in the fibrous mat, pressing times are reduced and pressing can be carried out at increased temperatures without risking blistering of the boards.
  • Panels which are produced using metal salts for bonding, are free from adhesive resins and can be recycled with other recyclable wood. Further, as far as the overall economics of the process is concerned it should be pointed out that, calculated by weight, less bonding agent needs to be transported, because the metal salt can be shipped dry, whereas adhesive resins are usually transported in the form of dispersions. Also the storability is advantageous for metal salts compared to adhesive resins. Adhesive resins become more viscous over time and do not have a long shelf life and do not tolerate long shipping distances. Metal salt bonding agent can be stored dry and the source is not dependent on plant location as is the case for formaldehyde resins.
  • Figure 1 shows the flow scheme of an MBF fiber treatment and panel processing process.
  • fiberboards are produced from fibrous lignocellulosic material by mixing the material with a ferric salt, shaping the mixture into a layer and compressing the layer into a compressed sheet-formed product using increased temperature and pressure.
  • fibrous lignocellulosic material denotes finely divided particles of vegetable origin, in particular derived from wood or annual or perennial plants. Preferably the material is in the form of fibers, fibrils and similar fibrous particles.
  • Fiberboard or “fibrous panel” is a product for, e.g., constructional uses which primarily comprises said fibers mixed with a suitable adhesive. It should be pointed out that the present products can be called “layered structures" which include both the above-mentioned boards and panels as well as compressed structures of any shape. They do not necessarily need to be flat or laminar but they can have any form as long as they contain several layers of fibers.
  • the particles have sizes in the range of 0.01 to 10 mm.
  • Particularly advantageous properties are obtained with wood fibers having a fiber length distribution, in which at least 50 % are smaller than 0.249 and preferably at least 35 % are smaller than 0.125 mm, as will be explained below in greater detail. A distribution of this kind will reduce swelling of the compressed product.
  • the fiberboards comprise a in addition to the iron salt a second inorganic salt rendering properties of resistance against unwanted microbiological reaction to the board.
  • the ferric salt provides good bonding strength as such, there are a number of ways of further improving the strength properties of the boards.
  • Such free radicals will activate the lignin present in the fibers and the activated lignin will work as a bonding agent.
  • the free radicals can be generated by the use of radiation, or chemically or enzymatically.
  • the chemical activating agent can be selected from typical free radical forming agents, such as hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxides, potassium permanganate, ozone, chlorine dioxide etc.
  • oxygen radicals particularly hydroxyl radicals (HO-) and superoxide anion.
  • radicals (O 2 " " )- Peroxide decomposition is strongly catalyzed by polyvalent metal ions (applied in the form of, e.g., ferrous sulfate).
  • Hydroxyl radicals are powerful electrophiles, which in contact with wood fibers preferably attack the electron-rich lignin component rather than the carbohydrates. Lignin model compound studies have shown that they are able to abstract a hydrogen from a phenolic hydroxyl group or a benzylic alcohol group, thereby phenoxy and benzyl radicals, respectively, are formed.
  • Phenoxy radicals can be formed also from originally non-phenolic aromatic units, which have undergone oxidative hydroxylation or demethoxylation.
  • the coupling of mainly phenoxy radicals generates covalent bonds between lignin units resulting in lignin polymerization.
  • activation with a chemical agent is similar to activation with an oxidative enzyme.
  • free radicals are generated by a combination of hydrogen peroxide and ferric salts.
  • the dosage of peroxide can be in the range of 0.1 to 10 % from the dry matter of the fibers. Preferably the dosage is about 0.3 - 5 %.
  • Another preferred embodiment comprises the use of ferric salt with oxidative enzymes, such as laccase.
  • the panel produced will contain some minor residues of the oxidative enzyme used for generating free radicals in the fibers during the manufacture of the board.
  • the amoimt of enzyme used varies depending on the activity of the enzyme and on the amoimt of dry matter content of the composition.
  • the oxidases are used in amounts of 0,001 to 10 g protein/g of dry matter, preferably about 0,1 to 5 g protein/g of dry matter.
  • the activity of the oxidase is about 1 to 100,000 nkat g, preferably over 100 nkat/g.
  • Still a further alternative comprises using the ferric salt together with isolated lignin, such as kraft lignin.
  • the amount of the ferric salt can vary depending on whether it is use alone or in combination with a radical generating agent. Usually, if employed alone, the amount of ferric salt - calculated as metal (i.e. metal ion) per dry substance of fibrous material is preferably from about 0.9 % by weight up to 2 % or even more. When used in conjunction with a radical generating agent, such as laccase or hydrogen peroxide, the amount can be reduced to about 0.5 to 0.9 wt-% Fe(III) ions of the dry fiber matter.
  • a radical generating agent such as laccase or hydrogen peroxide
  • the ferric salt can be mixed with the fibrous raw material in wet state or in dry state. According to a preferred embodiment the ferric salt is mixed with the fibers in fluffed state, which means using air or another gas as the main medium for the
  • the ferric salt is preferably selected from the group of ferric sulfaje. and ferric nitrate.
  • the board contains a second salt selected from the group of inorganic salts of bi- or trivalent metal cations.
  • the second salt can be selected, e.g., from the group of inorganic salts of aluminum, copper and calcium.
  • Such fibers are selected from the group consisting of beech, birch, aspen, alder, poplar, eucalyptus, maple and mixed tropical hardwood fibers.
  • a thickness swelling is another feature of importance for the performance of the boards.
  • the fiber size distribution of the refined fibers influences the 24 h thickness swelling of the compressed articles.
  • the fines content dry sieve analysis, Bauer McNett analysis
  • a thickness swelling of less than 25 %, in particular less than 20 % is obtained by using a lignocellulosic raw-material having a fines proportion of >50 % of fines ( ⁇ 0.249 mm).
  • the fine fiber fraction acts as a filler in the voids between longer fibers.
  • the fillers prevent the water from penetrating between the fibers and no swelling can happen.
  • the present boards are prepared by a method comprising the following steps:
  • the characterizing steps of the invention are two, viz. refining chips of a hardwood tree species to provide the lignocellulosic material and using an Fe(III) salt as the inorganic salt and mixing the salt with the fiber material in an amount sufficient to provide a concentration of Fe(III) ions in the compressed product of at least 0.3 wt-% calculcated from the dry fiber matter.
  • At least a part of the individual fibers are brought within a distance of 2 A from each other during pressing to allow for inter-fiber bonding.
  • the salt addition according to the present invention lowers the vapor pressure.
  • Another way of reducing vapor pressure is to use wire mats between the preformed fiber mat and aluminum plates.
  • the layered structure is pressed at a temperature sufficient to provide an inner temperature of the layered structure of at least 90 °C.
  • much higher temperatures can be used in practice, i.e. the layered structure can be compressed at a temperature of at least 140 °C.
  • panel delamination can be practically eliminated and panels can be pressed at 190 °C even without wire mats.
  • the present panels have very low swelling values (from 5 to 10 %).
  • the lignocellulosic fibers are mixed with ferric sulfate or ferric nitrate and optionally w with a salt selected from the group consisting of inorganic salts of aluminum, copper and calcium.
  • the following examples illustrate the invention.
  • the examples were carried out at laboratory conditions using the process depicted in Figure 1.
  • Fibers made of beech by refining in a TMP refiner at 10 bar were used.
  • the gap between then refining discs was 0.4 mm and the production rate 65 kg/h.
  • the moisture content of the fibers was 5.5 to 7 % before the addition of the ferric salt.
  • the first step 1 of the process comprises verification of the quality of the fibers to determine fiber size distribution and moisture content of the fibers.
  • fibers and chemicals were mixed in a Forberg laboratory mixer and chemical was sprayed using a Wagner sprayer. Mixing time was 10 rnin.
  • the chemicals optionally comprise an enzyme, which creates radical in the fibers.
  • the radicals formed were determined 3 by assessing the intensity of the red color of the treated fibers, which value was compared with the initial value determined in step 1.
  • Fiber pressing was carried out in steps 4 and 5, whereby first a mat was formed of the fibers and the mat formed was then pressed.
  • a fixed pressure press was used. Panel size was 22.5x22.5 cm. Press temperature was maintained with hot oil circulation. Maximum press pressure was 1700 psi for the 10 cm press cylinder, being ca 18 bar for the panel.
  • Press closing time was max 10 s. Panel thickness was fixed with the press closing stoppers.
  • FENO ferric nitrate
  • FESO ferric sulfate
  • CANO calcium nitrate ezsol: laccase solution
  • Fe-salt When comparing Fe-salt and Al-salt bonding agents, the use of Fe-salt is more advantageous, because more Fe-salt can be diluted into water and less water needs to be removed during pressing, resulting in shorter MDF panel press cycles, decreased energy need and steam emissions.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un panneau de fibres ou un produit à base de bois similaire contenant des fibres lignocellulosiques liées entre elles en présence d'un sel minéral possédant un cation métallique multivalent et en absence d'une résine polymère synthétique afin de former un produit comprimé ayant une densité d'au moins 750 kg/m3,et un procédé de fabrication de ce panneau. Selon l'invention, les fibres comprennent des copeaux de raffinage d'une espèce de feuillu qui sont liés entre eux au moyen d'un sel de Fe(III) en tant que sel minéral et le mélange de sel avec la matière fibreuse dans une quantité suffisante à fournir une concentration d'ions de Fe(III) dans le produit comprimé d'au moins 0,3 % en poids calculé à partir de matière fibreuse sèche. L'utilisation de sels de Fe(III) permet d'obtenir des panneaux à bonne résistance au liage sans utiliser de résines polymères synthétiques traditionnelles.
PCT/FI2002/000919 2001-12-03 2002-11-19 Panneaux de fibres et procedes de preparation de ces panneaux WO2003047825A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002342944A AU2002342944A1 (en) 2001-12-03 2002-11-19 Fiberboards and processes for the preparation thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20012374A FI20012374A0 (fi) 2001-12-03 2001-12-03 Kuitulevyt ja menetelmät niiden valmistamiseksi
FI20012374 2001-12-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003047825A1 true WO2003047825A1 (fr) 2003-06-12

Family

ID=8562397

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2002/000919 WO2003047825A1 (fr) 2001-12-03 2002-11-19 Panneaux de fibres et procedes de preparation de ces panneaux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002342944A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20012374A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003047825A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009007517A2 (fr) * 2007-05-09 2009-01-15 Alain Villafines Matériau composite bois/polymère
CN102310451A (zh) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-11 郭明辉 基于漆酶介体体系活化制备木质纤维板
CN105058536A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种尺寸稳定导热好的改性荷木地板
CN105058539A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种耐用的改性白蜡木地板
JP2018069670A (ja) * 2016-11-02 2018-05-10 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ 繊維板

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007312A (en) * 1973-09-27 1977-02-08 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of bonding solid lignocellulosic material, and resulting product
JPS55163300A (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-19 Otsuka Kagaku Yakuhin Production of incombustible low density cellulose fiberboard
US4686140A (en) * 1985-11-29 1987-08-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Agriculture Wood veneer panels bonded with cellulose solvents

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4007312A (en) * 1973-09-27 1977-02-08 The Regents Of The University Of California Method of bonding solid lignocellulosic material, and resulting product
JPS55163300A (en) * 1979-06-06 1980-12-19 Otsuka Kagaku Yakuhin Production of incombustible low density cellulose fiberboard
US4686140A (en) * 1985-11-29 1987-08-11 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Agriculture Wood veneer panels bonded with cellulose solvents

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198109, Derwent World Patents Index; Class F09, AN 1981-14403D *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009007517A2 (fr) * 2007-05-09 2009-01-15 Alain Villafines Matériau composite bois/polymère
WO2009007517A3 (fr) * 2007-05-09 2009-03-05 Alain Villafines Matériau composite bois/polymère
CN102310451A (zh) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-11 郭明辉 基于漆酶介体体系活化制备木质纤维板
CN105058536A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种尺寸稳定导热好的改性荷木地板
CN105058539A (zh) * 2015-07-15 2015-11-18 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种耐用的改性白蜡木地板
JP2018069670A (ja) * 2016-11-02 2018-05-10 株式会社Ｌｉｘｉｌ 繊維板

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20012374A0 (fi) 2001-12-03
AU2002342944A1 (en) 2003-06-17

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0918601B1 (fr) Procede de production de materiaux lignocellulosiques composites
US7326317B2 (en) Lignocellulose product
Halvarsson et al. Manufacture of non-resin wheat straw fibreboards
Blanchet et al. Particleboard made from hammer milled black spruce bark residues
US4022965A (en) Process for producing reactive, homogeneous, self-bondable lignocellulose fibers
US7651591B1 (en) Fire retardant composite panel product and a method and system for fabricating same
CA3061242A1 (fr) Procede de production d'un materiau composite cellulosique densifie
US5520777A (en) Method of manufacturing fiberboard and fiberboard produced thereby
EP0942815B1 (fr) Procede d'utilisation de matieres composites lignocellulosiques recyclees
Yelle et al. Bonding of wood fiber composites using a synthetic chelator-lignin activation system
Demirel et al. Effect of alkyl ketene dimer on the physical, mechanical, and biological durability of plywood
US6365077B1 (en) Process for preparing cellulosic composites
WO2003047825A1 (fr) Panneaux de fibres et procedes de preparation de ces panneaux
Akbulut et al. Some advantages of three-layer medium-density fibreboard as compared to the traditional single-layer one
EP3917740B1 (fr) Planches en hévéa acétylé
Kawalerczyk et al. The effect of a phenol-formaldehyde adhesive reinforcement with nanocellulose on the pressing parameters of plywood
Kelley et al. Bond formation by wood surface reactions: Part Ill-Parameters affecting the band strength of solid wood panels
Gardner et al. Bonding surface activated hardwood flakeboard with phenol-formaldehyde resin. I. Physical and mechanical properties
Chen Bonding flakeboards of southern species with copolymer resins of forest and agricultural residue extracts
Ukey et al. Role of resin content in MDF board fabricated from lignocellulosic fibre of Bambusa polymorpha Munro
MXPA99005072A (en) Method for use of recycled lignocellulosic composite materials

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ OM PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TN TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZM ZW

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZM ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE SK TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Country of ref document: JP