WO2003046273A1 - Textiles antibacteriens contenant de l'argent nanometrique non agglomerant fixe et leurs procedes de production - Google Patents

Textiles antibacteriens contenant de l'argent nanometrique non agglomerant fixe et leurs procedes de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003046273A1
WO2003046273A1 PCT/CN2002/000427 CN0200427W WO03046273A1 WO 2003046273 A1 WO2003046273 A1 WO 2003046273A1 CN 0200427 W CN0200427 W CN 0200427W WO 03046273 A1 WO03046273 A1 WO 03046273A1
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Prior art keywords
silver
textile
antibacterial
aggregation
nano
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PCT/CN2002/000427
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Hongjun Zhu
Li Zhu
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Hongjun Zhu
Li Zhu
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Priority to AU2002323761A priority Critical patent/AU2002323761A1/en
Publication of WO2003046273A1 publication Critical patent/WO2003046273A1/zh

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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02GCRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/449Yarns or threads with antibacterial properties
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22BPRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B11/00Obtaining noble metals
    • C22B11/04Obtaining noble metals by wet processes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antibacterial textile and a preparation method thereof, and in particular, to an antibacterial textile containing nano silver and a preparation method thereof.
  • the textile is a woven fabric, knitted fabric, non-woven fabric, or yarn containing nano silver, It has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties. More specifically, the present invention relates to an anti-aggregation nano-silver-containing antibacterial textile prepared by an anti-aggregation technology. Background technique
  • nanotechnology is a new discipline that uses substances with a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers as the object of research and development. It is one of the three major technologies for economic development in the 21st century. It is also the new technology that is most likely to produce breakthrough achievements. countries around the world are racing to invest huge sums of money to gather elites to develop nanotechnology and its applications.
  • Chinese invention patent CN-87100231A entitled "Antibacterial Deodorant Fiber Yarn and Manufacturing Method", was published on November 18, 1987. It disclosed an antibacterial yarn, which was made of acrylic yarn, copper, and alkaline green. -4 Compound cross-linking, the product has antibacterial function against 10 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Leukococcus albicans, Candida albicans, etc. It can be used as antibacterial and deodorant underwear, socks, insoles and pharmaceutical industry, food industry Work clothes.
  • Japanese Patent Hei 3-136649 discloses an antibacterial cloth for preventing cow mastitis. It combines silver ions and polyacrylonitrile in the form of coordination bonds. The product has inhibitory effects on 6 species of bacteria such as streptococcus and staphylococcus. It can be used as an antibacterial cloth to wipe the breast nipples of cows to prevent mastitis in cows.
  • Dr. Burrell used silver nanocrystal technology to deposit metal silver (also mixed with Cu 2-4%, Zn 6-8%, Pb 6-8%) in the form of a flat layer by using vapor deposition coating technology. Polyethylene flat mesh fabric. Based on this, Acti COa t®, a silver-based antibacterial material, was developed to treat wound infections, burns and chronic wounds. Acticoat® releases silver in the form of Ag + and solid silver. The total area of silver of the silver plated layer of 1 inch 2 is 2 inches 2 . The silver plating layer does not contain Ag 2 0, and the released silver is Ag + and metallic silver.
  • US patent 6087549 discloses a silver-coated silver dressing as a dressing for treating wounds and burns. Its product trademark is Sil V el 0n @. Silvelon® is a self-catalyzed, non-electrochemical reduction, oxidation coating technology that applies silver to a polyamide fabric with a three-dimensional structure. It can be simply imagined that Silveron® dipped this three-dimensional structured fabric into a coating solution, and then carried out self-catalyzed non-electrochemical reduction and oxidation reactions to coat silver on the fabric. The composition of silver is 99% metallic silver and 1% silver oxide. Silver particles released by Silvelon® are 100% silver ions (Ag +) without metallic silver. Summary of invention
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to develop a textile which has broad-spectrum antibacterial properties and can be used as a medical functional product and an antibacterial health-care product.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an antibacterial textile containing nano silver, which has a broad spectrum of antibacterial properties and can continuously release silver ions in an aqueous medium.
  • the third object of the present invention is to provide an anti-aggregation antibacterial textile containing anti-aggregation nano-silver.
  • the silver nanoparticles contained in the textile of the present invention are anti-aggregation, and most of the particles are dispersedly distributed with a particle size of 1 -100 nanometer silver particles, the surface of which is silver oxide.
  • the fourth object of the present invention is to provide a method capable of preventing agglomeration between extremely active silver ultrafine particles.
  • the anti-aggregation anti-aggregation nano-silver containing the anti-aggregation nano-silver of the present invention can be produced.
  • a fifth object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing the anti-aggregation nano-silver textile with the broad-spectrum antibacterial performance of the present invention, that is, a method for producing the anti-aggregation nano-silver textile.
  • an anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile is provided. Ultra-fine silver is firmly attached between the fiber elements and fibers of natural animal, plant, or synthetic textile materials, and the particle size is 1 to 100 nanometers, the surface layer of this ultrafine silver is 1-8 nanometers of silver oxide, and the core is elemental silver.
  • a method for producing an anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile includes the following steps:
  • Formulation A based on the total volume of aqueous solution A, it contains silver nitrate 0.005-3M, ammonia water 0.002-1.5M, alkali metal hydroxide 0.01-0.2M;
  • Formulation B based on the total volume of aqueous solution B, which contains a weak reducing agent 0.1-5M, nitric acid 0.02-0.2M, and ethanol 2-10M;
  • Figures 1-3 are SEM photographs of nanosilver prepared in the prior art without anti-aggregation technology.
  • FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the anti-aggregation nano-silver prepared according to the anti-aggregation technology of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional spatial distribution image photograph of the anti-aggregation nano-silver particles prepared according to the anti-aggregation technology of the present invention. Detailed description of the invention
  • an anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile is provided.
  • Ultra-fine silver is firmly attached between the fiber elements and fibers of natural animal, plant, or synthetic textile materials, and the particle size is 1 to 100 nanometers, the surface layer of the ultrafine silver is 1-8 nanometers of silver oxide, and the core is elemental silver.
  • the antibacterial textile of the present invention is that ultrafine silver is firmly attached between the fiber elements and fibers of natural and plant textile materials or synthetic textile materials.
  • the particle size of silver is 1 to 100 nanometers
  • the surface layer is silver oxide of 1 to 8 nanometers
  • the core is elemental silver
  • the silver content is 0.1 to 50 mg / g based on the weight of the fabric.
  • the natural animal and plant textile materials that can be used in the present invention are conventional textiles, which can be cotton, wool, linen, and silk.
  • the synthetic textile material that can be used in the present invention refers to synthetic chemical fibers, including viscose fibers, acetate fibers, polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyolefin fibers, nylon, nylon, polyester, acrylic, or polypropylene, etc., which can be used alone One of them can also use the blended textiles of the above products, which can be in the form of fabrics or in the form of fibers or yarns.
  • the textile used in the present invention may be a knitted fabric, a woven fabric, a non-woven fabric, or a yarn.
  • a method for producing an anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile includes the following steps:
  • Formulation A based on the total volume of aqueous solution A, it contains silver nitrate 0.005-3M, ammonia water 0.002-1.5M, alkali metal hydroxide 0.01-0.2M;
  • Formulation B based on the total volume of aqueous solution B, which contains a weak reducing agent 0.1-5M, nitric acid 0.02-0.2M, and ethanol 2-10M;
  • the aforementioned reduction and oxidation reactions are the key to the preparation of the nano-silver composite particles of the present invention.
  • silver ions are reduced to metallic silver.
  • the present invention selects [Ag (N3 ⁇ 4) 2 ] + as a raw material solution. This is because it is experimentally proven that [Ag (N3 ⁇ 4) 2 ] + It is relatively stable, so that the reduction reaction is not affected by other impurities in the solution, such as co 3 _, so 4 2 -or cr plasma.
  • the silver ammonium complex ion solution is prepared by dissolving silver nitrate in ammonia water.
  • the alkali metal hydroxide used may be sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, preferably sodium hydroxide.
  • the weak reducing agent used is preferably glucose or ascorbic acid.
  • the temperature of the oxidation treatment may be different according to the content of silver oxide and the porous fabric used, as long as it is heated enough to produce at least a portion of silver oxide on the surface of the silver particles, but it is lower than that of the fabric. Ignite.
  • the oxidation reaction time may vary depending on the required silver oxide content and the amount of fabric. If the amount of fabric is large and the content of silver oxide is high, the oxidation reaction time will be long; otherwise, the oxidation reaction time will be short. For cotton fabrics, for example, it is sufficient to heat the product to a brownish yellow color.
  • the production method of the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention comprises the steps of formulating a medicine, spraying medicine on the fabric, continuously adding a dispersant in a reaction kettle, reacting the oxidant, and then washing, centrifugal dehydration, and drying. All steps are in Under the condition of ventilation, the formulation of the medicine is (based on 10 kg of fabric):
  • Formulation A silver nitrate 0.005-0.3M, ammonia water 0.002-1.5M, sodium hydroxide 0.01-0.2M, add water to a total volume of 50 liters:
  • Formulation B glucose or ascorbic acid 0.1 ⁇ 5M, nitric acid 0.02 ⁇ 0.2M, ethanol 2 ⁇ 10M, add water to a total volume of 5 liters:
  • the broad-spectrum antibacterial textile of the present invention can be made into antibacterial medical materials and antibacterial textiles, and can be used as germicidal materials in the fields of field, battlefield, disaster area, environmental protection, transportation, aviation, aerospace, public places and the like.
  • the product of the present invention can be used as a medical (external) material for treating burns and scalds, and for treating skin infections and superficial fungal infections in patients with trauma, as well as materials for preventing and treating incision infections after surgical incisions.
  • a medical (external) material for treating burns and scalds, and for treating skin infections and superficial fungal infections in patients with trauma, as well as materials for preventing and treating incision infections after surgical incisions.
  • Especially important are the field prevention and control of trauma infections under unfavourable environmental conditions such as field operations, explosion injuries, penetrating injuries, cut injuries, burns, sea wounds, war wounds, floods, fires, and earthquakes.
  • the products of the present invention can be used to prevent and treat difficult infections such as refractory bedsore infections, burns and burns, diabetes, chronic ulcers caused by vascular occlusion or other causes, and can also be used as daily health care products.
  • difficult infections such as refractory bedsore infections, burns and burns, diabetes, chronic ulcers caused by vascular occlusion or other causes
  • the technology of the present invention can prevent aggregation of newly generated silver ultrafine particles with a nanometer-sized particle size and strong surface activity, thereby preventing the production of silver particles with a larger particle size.
  • the production operation and product quality are stable, and the annual output value is expected to reach more than 1 billion yuan (RMB).
  • the antibacterial textile of the present invention belongs to an organic-inorganic nano-composite material in which inorganic nano particles are dispersed on an organic matrix in nano material science.
  • the carrier of the antibacterial textile of the present invention we take fabric as the carrier from the many materials that can be used as the carrier.
  • the organic carrier is textile, and the inorganic material is ultrafine silver with a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers. It can be used as a functional material in the field of anti-odor and anti-infection in the human body.
  • the definition of nanomaterials in addition to the particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers, the nanomaterials must have specific functions that are far superior to the latter in terms of certain important properties compared with homogeneous materials of macroscopic size.
  • ultrafine particles with a particle size of 1 to 100 nanometers have a larger specific surface and are inversely proportional to the particle size.
  • the surface area of 1 gram of nanometer silver particles of the present invention is 30 square meters.
  • Figures 1, 2, and 3 of the SEM photos are for products that do not use the anti-agglomeration technology.
  • the spherical particles in the image have a particle size much larger than that of the spherical particles.
  • Figure 4 is an electron microscopic image of antibacterial textiles using anti-aggregation technology. It clearly shows that most of the ultrafine particles on the antibacterial textiles of the present invention have a particle size of 5 to 100 nanometers, and the distribution is neat and uniform.
  • FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional spatial distribution image photograph of the anti-aggregation nano-silver particles prepared according to the anti-aggregation technology of the present invention, and it can be more clearly seen that the nano-silver particles are dispersedly distributed on the fibers and between the fiber elements.
  • the spherical ultrafine particles were measured by photoelectron spectroscopy.
  • the surface layer was silver oxide with a thickness of 1 to 8 nanometers, and the core was elemental silver.
  • the method was published by the United States Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia.
  • the silver content of the nano-silver on the antibacterial textile of the present invention is 0.1 to 50 mg / g.
  • the function and detection test of the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention are as follows:
  • the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention is measured by an electron microscope and a photoelectron spectrometer, and it can be seen that the particle diameter of most of the silver particles is 1 ⁇ 100 nanometer ultrafine particles, the composition is Ag 2 0 + A g , the surface layer of the particles is Ag 2 0, and the core is elemental silver, so it can be clearly defined as silver particles with nanometer size.
  • the test results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
  • the test methods are conventional test methods known in the art.
  • Table 1 is tested by the Microbiology Laboratory of the PLA Military Medical Inspection Center.
  • Table 2 is tested by the Bacteria Room of Huashan Hospital of Shanghai Medical University.
  • the antibacterial mechanism of the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention is a classic antibacterial mechanism: Ag 2 0 + H 2 0 ⁇ 2AgOH ⁇ 2Ag + + 20H- SH SAg enzyme + 2Ag + "enzyme + 2H +
  • the bacterial species shown in Tables 1 and 2 include Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, spores, and anaerobic bacteria. Such a broad antibacterial spectrum is extremely rare among existing antibacterial drugs. of. There are 38 strains of bacteria removal duplicates in Tables 1 and 2, and most of the strains were isolated from the secretions of clinically resistant patients.
  • the washing 50 and 20 times shown in Tables 1 and 2 refer to the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textiles of the present invention, and each time they are rinsed by soap with water and rinsed 50 times by hand.
  • the 100 times of washing is 100 times of rubbing with water each time. After the washing, the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention has no obvious decrease in bacteriostatic performance.
  • the antibacterial textile of the present invention can be foreseen. Will gradually become a substitute for antibiotics.
  • antibacterial textiles Take 0.5 grams of antibacterial textiles, soak them in 500 ml of water every day, and change the water once a day. After 45 days, the antibacterial ability of the antibacterial textiles does not decrease significantly. Therefore, antibacterial textiles have stronger antibacterial force when they encounter water. This is very beneficial for current burn and scald wet therapy.
  • the clinical test of the PLA Medical Center and the Fourth Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and its affiliated Xijing Hospital have good clinical results. Animal experiments and simulated on-site treatment of battle injuries caused by seawater pollution in the Fourth Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. It is proved that the antibacterial textile of the present invention has a very good curative effect, which is in fact the world's leading level, so it is particularly suitable for preventing and controlling wound infections under adverse environmental conditions such as field operations and battlefields.
  • mice, guinea pigs, and big-eared white rabbits were used as test subjects by the National Beijing New Drug Safety Evaluation Research Center and the Pharmacology Department of the Medical Inspection Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army.
  • the maximum amount of antibacterial micropowder given in a single intragastric administration is 925 mg / kg, which is equivalent to 4625 times the clinical amount intended for human use. After continuous observation for 14 days, no symptoms of poisoning and death were found, and the growth was good . It was confirmed that the micropowder containing anti-aggregation nano-silver was non-toxic, non-irritating, non-allergenic, and non-resistant.
  • the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textiles of the present invention and the macro-sized pure silver microparticles are respectively placed.
  • the former has a silver content of only 10 to 3 -10 of the latter.
  • the former On the agar MH plate of bacteria, the former has a bacteriostatic ring of 12-20 mm, and the latter has no bacteriostatic ring. It can be seen that in terms of bacteriostatic ability, the macroscopically-sized homogeneous silver particles are incomparable with the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention.
  • the functions of the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention include broad-spectrum antibacterial properties, long-lasting properties, bacteriostatic ability against drug-resistant pathogenic bacteria, and the hydrophilicity has stronger bactericidal power in the presence of water.
  • Non-toxic (including non-accumulated toxicity), non-irritant, non-allergenic, non-resistance, etc. are far superior to the commonly used antibacterial drugs, and also far better than macro-sized homogeneous silver textiles, so
  • the silver particles on the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention not only meet the particle size of 1-100 nanometers, but also show special superior antibacterial properties. Therefore, the silver particles on the antibacterial textile of the present invention can be definitely defined as nano-silver.
  • the essence of the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile is to use the anti-aggregation technology of the present invention to create silver (Ag 2 0 + Ag) particles uniformly and firmly attached to ultrafine particles with a particle diameter of 1-100 nanometers on the fabric.
  • the antibacterial fabric was obtained.
  • the process of the present invention is-Formulation A Formulation B Dispersant, oxidant Fabric one "" ⁇ Jetting machine ⁇ Reaction kettle ⁇ Washing machine
  • a dispersant an oxidant can be added in a continuous manner or a dispersant, an oxidant can be added in a batch manner.
  • fabrics, auxiliaries and additives can be purchased from the market. Dispersants are commonly used in the industry as anti-aggregation agents. Specific varieties can be found in various conventional manuals.
  • oxidant comprises 3 ⁇ 40 2, KC10 4 NaC10 4 and the like, may be used alone or mixtures thereof may be used.
  • the amount of oxidant can vary according to the amount of silver oxide required by the product and the type of oxidant.
  • the equipment used is a special equipment specially designed and manufactured, and the fabric is treated by using the anti-aggregation technology of the present invention.
  • the anti-aggregation technology refers to Anti-aggregation technology of silver particles.
  • M is the molar concentration
  • Dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric) are dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric)
  • Formulation B glucose 4M, HN0 3 0.1M, boil for 1-5 minutes, add ethanol to 10M after cooling, volume is 5 liters;
  • Dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric) are dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric)
  • Dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric) are dispensing pharmaceutical liquid in the following quantities (based on 10 kg of fabric)
  • Formulation A AgN0 3 0.008M, NH 3 ⁇ H 2 0 0.08M, NaOH 0.05M and distilled water to a total volume of 50 liters;
  • Formulation B Ascorbic acid 0.12M, HN0 3 0.11M, boil for 1-5 minutes, add ethanol to cool to 6M, and the volume is 5 liters.
  • Formulation B ascorbic acid 0.12M, HN0 3 0.11M, boil for 1-5 minutes, add ethanol to 6M after cooling, and the volume is 5 liters;
  • Formulation A AgN0 3 0.3M, ⁇ 2 ⁇ ⁇ 2 0 0.15M 5 NaOH 0.07M Add distilled water to a total volume of 50 liters;
  • Formulation B ascorbic acid 4M, HN0 3 0.1M, boil for 1-5 minutes, add ethanol to 10M after cooling, and the volume is 5 liters; Mix 10 parts of Formulation A + 1 part of Formulation B (V / V) and mix for 10-40 minutes, then spray for 10 kg of polypropylene fabric. After spraying, make the liquid medicine and fabric mix evenly.
  • the reaction kettle while continuously adding sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate as a dispersant, an oxidant (under ventilation), heating and holding until the fabric is brown yellow, and then washing, centrifugal dehydration, and drying to obtain the anti-aggregation nanometer of the present invention. Silver antibacterial textile.
  • the anti-aggregation nano-silver antibacterial textile of the present invention can emit medical functional products and antibacterial health-care needle textiles. After clinical verification, it can be used as a medical functional dressing for in vitro antibacterial treatment of body surface trauma, and becomes a substitute for antibacterial drugs and neutral dressing Preferred product. At the same time, it also involves the medical and health industry and the needle textile industry, such as various medical functional needle textiles used in the medical and health industry, as well as antibacterial and health-care needle textiles used in various industries and fields.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗菌纺织品及其制备方法, 具体地说, 涉及一种 含纳米银的抗菌纺织品及其制备方法, 该纺织品是含有纳米银的机织 物、 针织物、 无纺织物或纱线, 其具有广谱抗菌性能。 更具体地说, 本发明涉及一种用防集聚技术制备的含防集聚纳米银的抗菌纺织品。 背景技术
众所周知, 纳米技术是以 1~100纳米粒径的物质作为研制和研究 对象的新学科, 它是 21世纪经济发展的三大技术之一, 它也是最有可 能产生突破性成就的新技术。 世界各国竞相投巨资, 集精英奋力开发 纳米技术及其应用。
在现有技术中公开了许多有关银抗菌的实例, 如在日本专利昭 54-151669中,公开了一种杀菌性布,用含有铜、银(平均粒径 6微米) 的化合物单独或混合物的树脂溶液处理纱线, 使该溶液均匀涂附在纱 线的表面后再织成杀菌性布, 该产品可作胶靴的衬里, 帆布鞋和袜子。
在日本 "加工技术" V01.17 N0.7报导中, 用铜和硫化物处理腈纶 纤维, 得腈纶一硫化铜复合物, 其对金葡萄球菌、 大肠杆菌、 枯草杆 菌、 皮肤丝状白藓菌有抑菌能力。
中国发明专利 CN-87100231A, 题目为 "抗菌防臭纤维纱线及制 造方法", 公开日为 1987年 11月 18日, 其公开了一种抗菌纱线, 将 腈纶纱线先后与铜、 碱性绿 -4 复合交联, 产品对金葡球菌, MRSA、 白葡球菌、 白色念珠菌等 10个菌种有抑菌功能, 其可用作抗菌防臭的 内衣裤、 袜、 鞋垫和医药工业、 食品工业的工作服。
日本专利平 3-136649, 申请日为 1989年 10月 24日,其公开了一 种预防奶牛乳房炎的抗菌布。 其将银离子与聚丙烯腈以配位键形式复 合, 产品对链球菌、 葡萄菌等 6种菌种有抑制作用, 可用作擦拭奶牛 乳房乳头以预防奶牛的乳房炎的抗菌布。
但上述文献或报道均未涉及用纳米银及适当载体作为抗菌材料。 以上这些产品可能均有抗菌作用, 但是抗菌谱不广、作用不明显, 并且与本发明的方法等完全不同。
1991年 Dr. Burrell以银纳米晶体技术, 系采用气相沉积镀层技术, 将金属银(还混有 Cu 2— 4%、 Zn 6—8%、 Pb 6— 8%) 以平面层的形式 镀在聚乙烯的平面网状织物上。 以此为基础开发了一种以银层为抗菌 物料的用于治疗伤口感染, 烧烫伤和慢性创伤的产品 ActiCOat®。 Acticoat®是以 Ag+和固态银的方式释出银。 1吋 2的镀银层的银总面积 为 2吋 2。 其镀银层中不含 Ag20, 且其释出的银为 Ag+和金属银。
美国专利 6087549公开了一种织物上涂银的银敷料, 作为治疗创 伤和烧烫伤敷料。 其产品商标为 SilVel0n@。 Silvelon®是采用自身催化 无电化学还原, 氧化作用的涂层技术, 将银涂在有三维立体结构的聚 酰胺织物上。 可以简单地想象 Silvelon®是将这三维立体结构的织物浸 入涂料溶液中, 而后进行自身催化无电化学的还原、 氧化反应而将银 涂在织物上。银的组成为 99%金属银和 1%氧化银。 Silvelon®释出的银 质粒子为 100%银离子 (Ag+) 没有金属银。 发明概述
本发明的目的之一是开发一种纺织品, 其具有广谱抗菌性能, 其 可以作为医用功能性产品和抗菌保健型产品。
本发明的目的之二是提供一种含纳米银的抗菌纺织品, 其具有广 谱抗菌性能, 在水性介质中能持地续释放出银离子。
本发明的目的之三是提供一种含防集聚纳米银的抗菌纺织品, 在 本发明的纺织品上所含有的银质纳米颗粒是防集聚的, 绝大部分颗粒 是弥散分布的, 粒径为 1-100纳米的银质颗粒, 该银质颗粒的表面是 氧化银。
本发明的目的之四是提供一种能防止活性极强的银质超微粒子之 间发生集聚的方法, 用该方法可以生产出本发明的含防集聚纳米银的 抗菌防集聚纳米银。
本发明的目的之五是提供一种生产本发明的具有广谱抗菌性能的 防集聚纳米银纺织品的方法, 即防集聚纳米银纺织品的生产方法。 在本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其 是在天然动、 植物或合成纺织材料的纤维元间和纤维上牢固地附着有 超微粒银, 其粒径为 1~100纳米, 该超微粒银的表层为 1~8纳米的氧 化银, 核心为元素银。
在本发明的另一个方面, 提供了一种生产防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织 品的方法, 该方法包括下列步骤:
1)配剂 A, 以水溶液 A的总体积计, 其含有硝酸银 0.005-3M, 氨水 0.002-1.5M, 碱金属氢氧化物 0.01-0.2M;
2)配剂 B, 以水溶液 B 的总体积计, 其含有弱还原剂 0.1-5M, 硝酸 0.02-0.2M, 乙醇 2-10M;
3)将 10体积份配剂 A与 1体积份配剂 B混合,搅拌均匀后放置 10-40 分钟待用, 将该药剂均匀喷渍到纺织品上, 放入反应釜中, 加入分 散剂,氧化剂进行反应至足以使银颗粒表面产生至少一部分氧化银。 本发明的这些以及其它目的将通过下列详细说明和描述来进一步 阐述。 附图说明
图 1-3是现有技术的没有利用防集聚技术制备的纳米银的扫描电镜 照片。
图 4 是根据本发明的防集聚技术制备的防集聚纳米银的扫描电镜 照片。
图 5 是根据本发明的防集聚技术制备的防集聚纳米银质粒子的三 维空间分布图像照片。 发明详述
在本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其 是在天然动、 植物或合成纺织材料的纤维元间和纤维上牢固地附着有 超微粒银, 其粒径为 1〜100纳米, 该超微粒银的表层为 1〜8纳米的氧 化银, 核心为元素银。
在本发明中, 本发明的抗菌紡织品, 是在天然动、 植物纺织材料 或合成纺织材料的纤维元间和纤维上牢固地附着有超微粒银, 该纳米 银的粒径为 1〜100纳米, 表层为 1~8纳米的氧化银, 核心为元素银, 银含量以织品重量为基础是 0.1~50毫克 /克。 可用于本发明的天然动、 植物纺织材料为常规紡织品, 可以是棉、 毛、 麻和丝。 可用于本发明 的合成纺织材料是指合成化学纤维, 包括粘胶纤维、 醋酯纤维、 聚酯 纤维、 聚酰胺纤维、 聚烯烃纤维、 锦纶、 尼龙、 涤纶、 腈纶或丙纶等, 可以单独使用其中的一种, 也可以使用上述产品的混纺织品, 可以是 织物形式, 也可以是纤维或纱线形式。
本发明所用的纺织品可以是针织物、 机织物、 无紡织物或纱线。 在本发明的另一个方面, 提供了一种生产防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织 品的方法, 该方法包括下列步骤:
1)配剂 A, 以水溶液 A的总体积计, 其含有硝酸银 0.005-3M, 氨水 0.002-1.5M, 碱金属氢氧化物 0.01-0.2M;
2)配剂 B, 以水溶液 B的总体积计, 其含有弱还原剂 0.1-5M, 硝酸 0.02-0.2M, 乙醇 2-10M;
3)将 10体积份配剂 A与 1体积份配剂 B混合,搅拌均匀后放置 10-40 分钟待用, 将该药剂均匀喷渍到织品上, 放入反应釜中, 并加入分 散剂, 氧化剂进行反应至足以使银颗粒表面产生至少一部分氧化 银。
在本发明方法的反应原理如下-
[Ag(N¾)2f+还原剂→Ag
部分 Ag +氧化剂 Ag20
上述的还原和氧化反应是本发明纳米银复合颗粒制备的关键。在本 发明中, 首先是将银离子还原成金属银, 在此过程中, 本发明选用了 [Ag(N¾)2]+作为原料溶液, 这是因为由实验证明 [Ag(N¾)2]+比较稳定, 使还原反应不受溶液中其它杂质, 如 co3_、 so4 2-或 cr等离子的影响。 银铵络离子溶液是将硝酸银溶于氨水中配制的, 其反应式为 AgN03 + ΝΗ3· ¾0→ [Ag(NH3)2]++ NO"3 + H2Oo 得到 [Ag(N¾)2]+溶液后, 加入 还原剂, 将织品浸渍于原料溶液中。
在本发明方法中, 所用的碱金属氢氧化物可以是氢氧化钠或氢氧化 钾, 优选氢氧化钠。 在本发明方法中, 所用的弱还原剂优选是葡萄糖 或抗坏血酸。 在本发明方法中, 所进行的氧化处理的温度可根据氧化银的含量, 所用多孔织物的不同而不同, 只要加热至足以使银颗粒表面产生至少 一部分氧化银即可, 但要低于织物的燃点。 氧化反应时间可根据所需 氧化银含量, 织品的量的不同而不同。 织品的量大, 氧化银的含量高, 则氧化反应时间长, 反之, 则氧化反应时间短。 例如, 对全棉织品而 言, 加热至产品呈棕黄色即可。
本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的生产方法,包括药剂的配制、 对织品喷药剂、 在反应釜中连续加入分散剂, 氧化剂进行反应, 然后 清洗、 离心脱水、 干燥等步骤, 全部步骤均在通风条件下进行, 所述 的药剂配置配方为 (按 10公斤织品计):
配剂 A : 硝酸银 0.005-0.3M , 氨水 0.002-1.5M , 氢氧化钠 0.01-0.2M, 加水至总体积为 50升:
配剂 B:葡萄糖或抗坏血酸 0.1〜5M,硝酸 0.02〜0.2M,乙醇 2~10M, 加水至总体积为 5升:
使用时将 10 体积份配剂 A加上 1 体积份配剂混合均匀后放置 10-40分钟后待用。 将药剂均匀喷渍到织品上, 放入反应釜中并连续 加入分散剂, 氧化剂进行反应, 至产品呈棕黄色。
本发明的广谱抗菌纺织品,可制作成抗菌医用材料和抗菌纺织品, 并可用于野外、 战地、 灾区、 环保、 交通、 航空、 航天、 公共场所等 领域中作为杀菌材料。
进一步地, 本发明的产品可以作为治疗烧烫伤的医用(外)材料, 和治疗外伤患者的皮肤感染和皮肤浅部真菌感染以及外科手术切口术 后预防和治疗切口感染的材料, 具有广谱抗菌性, 长效性, 杀灭耐药 性致病菌, 亲水性——遇水杀菌力更强、 耐洗涤、 无毒性、 无刺激性、 无过敏性、 无耐药性等优异功能。 尤其重要的是野外作业、 爆炸伤、 贯通伤、 刀伤、 灼伤, 海水污染创面的战伤、 洪水、 火灾、 地震等不 良环境条件下的现场防治外伤感染。 更重要的是本发明的产品能用于 防治顽固性褥疮感染、 烧烫伤创面感染、 糖尿病, 血管阻塞或其他原 因引发的慢性溃疡等疑难性感染, 也可作为日常生活保健用品, 开创- 了纳米技术在人体抗感染领域应用的产业化范例。
本发明的再一方面, 提供了一种在本发明的生产方法中, 能防止 活性极强的纳米银质粒子之间发生集聚的方法, 在生产过程中加入了 分散剂以防止新生成的表面活性很强的纳米银粒子集聚。
本发明的技术在制作过程中, 能防止新生成的表面活性很强的纳 米级粒径的银质超微粒子之间发生集聚作用, 从而防止生产粒径较大 的银质粒子。 经实验室制作、 中试、 并投产成功, 生产运行和产品质 量稳定, 年产值预计可达 10亿元 (人民币) 以上。
本发明的抗菌纺织品属于纳米材料学中在有机基质上分散了无机 纳米微粒的有机- -无机纳米复合材料。在本发明抗菌纺织品的载体选用 上, 我们从掌握的众多的可以作为载体的物料中, 取用织品作为载体。 有机载体为纺织品, 无机材料则为粒径为 1~100纳米的超微粒银, 其 可以作为功能性材料具体应用在人体防异味, 抗感染领域。 关于纳米 材料的界定, 除了粒径为 1〜100纳米外, 还必须具备有此种纳米材料 与宏观尺寸的同质材料相比, 在某些重要性能上前者有远优于后者的 特异功能。即要同时具有粒径 1~100纳米和特异性能, 两者缺一不可, 否则就不能界定为纳米材料。 以粒径为 1~100纳米超微粒子与同质的 宏观微粒相比, 前者的比表面极大, 且与粒径大小成反比。 例如: 1 克本发明的钠米银微粒的表面积是 30平方米, 同时再加上表面效应即 分布在粒子表面层的原子数迅速增加, 导致原配位不足, 不饱和键外 露增多, 原子的表面能增高, 致使这些纳米级的超微粒子的化学活性 极强, 因为当这些超微粒子刚刚生成的瞬间, 不可避免的要发生相互 碰撞, 则此发生碰撞的两个, 甚至多个超微粒就会发生集聚作用, 由 此导致生成粒径较大, 能大于原粒径几倍, 几十倍, 几百倍的大粒子, 甚至由于集聚作用而变成宏观尺寸的粒子, 相应的其化学活性就大大 降低, 最终将失去纳米材料的性质。 由此可见, 本发明采用适当的化 学和物理手段达到防止新生成的超微粒子间的集聚作用。 这种防集聚 技术对于以化学法为主, 物理法为辅的制作 1〜100纳米超微粒子的方 法成功与否是至关重要的。 为了确证防集聚技术的效果, 我们对采用 和未采用该技术的银质样品进行扫描隧道电子显微镜检测并照相, 其 效果是明显的, 请参看扫描电镜照片图 1、 图 2、 图 3、 图 4和图 5。
扫描电镜照片图 1、 图 2、 图 3为未采用防集聚技术的产品, 图像 中球状微粒的堆积物, 其粒径远大于球状微粒的粒径。 扫描电镜照片图 4为釆用防集聚技术的抗菌纺织品的电子显微图 像, 清晰地显示出本发明的抗菌纺织品上绝大部分的超微粒子的粒径 为 5~100纳米, 且分布整齐、 均匀, 照片中部有一条状隆起, 但是可 以清楚的看出它不是球状超微粒子堆积, 据分析可能是载体中纤毛表 面的微小隆起。 从扫描电镜上观察, 没有采用防集聚技术生产的银质 粒子, 发现有明显的团聚现象。 图 1是团聚的粒子, 而图 2和图 3中 有少量的纳米级细颗粒, 但团聚现象严重。 如果采用本发明的防集聚 技术, 加入分散剂, 则可以防止这些纳米级的粒子集聚, 由于减少了 集聚, 因此大量的颗粒都是弥散的, 尺寸均匀的纳米级颗粒。 从图 4 中可以明显看出, 绝大部分的颗粒是纳米级颗粒, 团聚很少。 图 5是 根据本发明的防集聚技术制备的防集聚纳米银质粒子的三维空间分布 图像照片, 从中可以更清楚地看出, 纳米银质粒子弥散分布于纤维上 及纤维元之间。
此外为了测定抗菌纺织品上超微粒子的组成, 经光电子能谱仪测 定这些球形超微粒子其表层是 1〜8纳米厚的氧化银,其核心为元素银, 用美国药典和英国药典所刊方法, 测定本发明的抗菌纺织品上纳米银 的银量为 0.1〜50毫克 /克。
本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的功能及其检测试验如下: 本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品经电子显微镜和光电子能谱仪 测定, 可见其银质粒子绝大部分的粒径为 1~100纳米的超微粒子, 组 成为 Ag20+Ag, 粒子的表层为 Ag20, 其核心为元素银, 故可以明确 地界定为纳米级粒径的银质粒子, 至于是否有优异的特殊性能, 将通 过下述的各项检测来证实, 检测结果见表 1和表 2, 检测方法为本领 域公知的常规检测方法。
表 1系由中国人民解放军全军医学检验中心微生物实验室检测。 表 2系由上海医科大学华山医院细菌室检测。
本发明防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的抗菌机理为经典的抗菌机理: Ag20 + H20 ― 2AgOH ― 2Ag+ + 20H- SH SAg 酶 + 2Ag+ " 酶 + 2H+
\ \
SH SAg
2H++ 20H"― 2H20
由上可见纳米银质微粒的通过最经典的抗菌机理, 把菌体中赖以 生存的酶中的 -SH基团置换成 -SAg使酶丧失活性导致病菌死亡, 且其 生成物是酶 2SAg和 H20, 不存在二次致病因素。
通过表 1、 表 2所示的实验结果可以看出本发明的抗菌纺织品具 有下列优越的特殊功能。
1. 抗菌的广谱性:
表 1, 表 2所示的菌种, 包括了格兰氏阳性菌, 格兰氏阴性菌、 真 菌、 芽胞和厌氧菌、 如此广泛的抗菌谱, 在现有的抗菌药物中是极为 鲜见的。就表 1和表 2所涉及的菌种除去重复的计有 38个菌种, 且大 部分的菌种是从耐药强的临床患者分泌液中分离出来的。
2. 长效性:
表 1、表 2所示的洗涤 50次和 20次是指本发明的防集聚纳米银抗 菌纺织品每次用肥皂手工搓洗清水漂洗 50次和 20次。 洗涤 100次是 每次用清水搓洗计 100次, 经过洗涤的本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺 织品, 其抑菌性能无明显减退。
3. 本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品和 8个抗菌药品对致病菌抑菌效 果的比较- 表 1所示为本发明抗菌纺织品(28)与红霉素(7),氨苄西林(4), 头抱呋肟(4), 头抱他啶 (15 ), 苯唑西林(2), 庆大霉素 (6), 环丙 沙星 (14) 8 个抗菌药品同时进行体外抑菌试验。 在每个药品名称后 面的括号中的数字为该药品能抑菌的菌种数。 由此可见抗菌纺织品的 抗耐药性致病菌能力比这 8个抗菌药品要优越得多。 这对于打破当前 的细菌的耐药性的增长, 已使得抗生素的开发赶不上细菌耐药性增长 的尴尬局面而是可以寄予希望的。 由上可以预见本发明的抗菌纺织品 将可能逐步成为替代抗生素的替代品。
4. 亲水性——遇水杀菌力更强
从表 1, 表 2可见 PNSF经多次搓洗, 其抑菌力无明显减退, 其主 要机理就是抗菌纺织品上的 Ag20具缓释性能, 一般在有水存在的条 件下, 甚至人体体表的湿度或敷用时的湿润状态的水量已足够使 Ag+ 释出, 当 Ag+达到 0.n-5ppm[10—6]时即可达到 Ag+的动态平衡, 而 Ag+ 的最低抑菌浓度为 Z XIO^M,至于抗菌纺织品的抗菌机理和在抗菌过 程中不会产生二次致病因素在前面 "抗菌机理" 的部分已经阐明。 另 外还进行了下述实验,取 0.5克抗菌纺织品, 每天用 500毫升水浸泡, 每天换水一次, 45天后该抗菌纺织品的抑菌力无明显减退。 所以抗菌 纺织品遇水抗菌力更强。 这对当前烧烫伤湿疗法是很有利的。 中国人 民解放军全军医学检验中心和中国人民解放军第四军医大学及其附属 西京医院的临床验证疗效很好, 中国人民解放军第四军医大学对海水 污染的战伤的动物实验和模拟现场救治的研究, 证实本发明抗菌纺织 品的疗效很好, 实属当今世界领先水平, 故特别适用于野外作业和战 场等不良环境条件下防治伤口的感染。
5. 药代动力学研究
经国家北京新药安全评价研究中心和中国人民解放军医学检验中 心药理科, 用小鼠、 豚鼠和大耳白家兔为试验对象。 用含防集聚纳米 银的微粉为实验药品经皮肤急性毒性试验, 刺激性试验, 过敏性试验 和小鼠急性毒性实验, 最大耐受量测定试验, 和蓄积毒性试验, 尤其 是小鼠(9只)单次灌胃给予抗菌微粉量为最大耐受量 925毫克 /公斤, 相当于人拟用临床量的 4625倍, 给药后连续观察 14天, 末发现中毒 症状及死亡, 且生长情况较好。 由此证实, 含防集聚纳米银的微粉无 毒性, 无剌激性, 无过敏性, 无耐药性。
6. 抗菌纺织品与同质宏观粒径的银微粒的体外抑菌之对比。
以园径均为 6毫米的小圈,分别放置本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺 织品和宏观粒径的纯银微粒,前者的含银量仅为后者的 10—3-10 然而 在体外抑菌的琼脂 MH平板上, 前者的抑菌环为 12-20毫米, 后者无 抑菌环。 由此可见在抑菌能力上, 宏观尺寸的同质的银微粒与本发明 的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品是无法比拟的。 综上所述,本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的功能包括抗菌的广 谱性, 长效性, 对具有耐药性致病菌的抑菌能力, 亲水性一遇水杀菌 力更强, 无毒性(包括无蓄积毒性), 无剌激性、 无过敏性、 无耐药性 等方面都具有远优于当前常用的抗菌药品, 也远优于宏观尺寸的同质 的银纺织品, 因此本发明防集聚纳米银抗菌紡织品上的银质粒子既符 合粒径为 1-100纳米同时又显示有特殊优越的抗菌性能。 所以本发明 抗菌纺织品上的银质粒子可以毫无疑问地界定为纳米银。
防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的实质就是采用了本发明的防集聚技术 而造出在织物上均匀而牢固地附着了粒径 1-100纳米的超微粒子的银 质 (Ag20+Ag) 粒子, 即得抗菌织物。
本发明的工艺流程为- 配剂 A 配剂 B 分散剂, 氧化剂
Figure imgf000011_0001
织物一""► 喷射机 ► 反应釜 ►清洗机
Figure imgf000011_0002
离心脱水 ► 干燥机 ► 成品 在本发明中, 可以连续方式加入分散剂, 氧化剂或以间歇方式加入 分散剂, 氧化剂。 在本发明中, 织物及辅剂和添加剂均可以从市场购 得, 分散剂即本行业通用的防集聚剂, 具体的品种可以从各种常规手 册中查得, 例如, 可用异丙醇、 十二垸基苯磺酸钠、 琥珀酸酯磺酸钠、 胶质钯或胶体钯、 OP-10三垸基磷酸酯类如磷酸三丁酯、 磷酸三辛酯、 磷酸三异戊酯、 硫代磷酸三异辛酯等。 在本发明中, 所用的氧化剂包 括 ¾02、 KC104和 NaC104等, 可以单独使用一种, 也可以使用其混 合物。 氧化剂的量可以根据产品所需氧化银的含量, 氧化剂种类的不 同而不同。
在本发明中, 所使用的设备均为专门设计制作的专用设备, 织品的 处理采用了本发明防集聚技术, 在本发明中, 所述的防集聚技术是指 银质粒子的防集聚技术。
以下通过具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例仅用于说明并 不能限制本发明范围。 实施例
在本发明若非特指所有的份、 量均为以总重量为基础的重量单位,
"M"为克分子浓度。
按以下量配制药液 (按 10公斤织品计)
配齐 A、 AgN02 0.3M,NH2 · ¾Ο 0·15Μ, NaOH O.lM
加去离子水至总体积为 50升;
配剂 B 葡萄糖 4M, HN03 0.1M, 煮沸 1-5分钟, 冷却后加入乙 醇使成 10M, 体积为 5升;
将 10份配剂 A+1份配剂 B(V/V)混匀后放置 10-40分钟后即可供 10 公斤麻织品喷渍用, 喷渍后使药液和织品混合均匀, 进入反应釜, 同 时连续加入分散剂 (OP-10), 氧化剂 (在充分通风条件下)进行化学和 物理处理, 至织品呈棕黄色, 然后经清洗、 离心脱水、 干燥即得本发 明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品。 例 2
按以下量配制药液 (按 10公斤织品计)
酉己齐 A、 AgN02 0.3M, NH2 · H20 0.15M, NaOH 0.07M 加蒸馏水至总体积为 50升;
配齐 |J B、 抗坏血酸 4M, HNO3 0.1M, 煮沸 1-5 分钟, 冷却后加 入乙醇使成 10M, 体积为 5升;
将 10份配剂 A+1份配剂 B(V/V)混匀后放置 10-40分钟后即可供 10 公斤全棉织品喷渍用, 喷渍后使药液和织品混合均匀, 进入反应釜, 同时连续加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠分散剂,氧化剂 (在通风下),加热保温, 至织品呈棕黄色, 然后经清洗、 离心脱水、 干燥即得本发明的防集聚 纳米银抗菌紡织品。 例 3
按以下量配制药液 (按 10公斤织品计)
配剂 A: AgN03 0.008M, NH3 · H20 0.08M, NaOH 0.05M 加蒸馏水至总体积为 50升;
配剂 B: 抗坏血酸 0.12M, HN03 0.11M, 煮沸 1-5分钟, 冷却后 加入乙醇使成 6M, 体积为 5升。
将 10份配剂 A+1份配剂 B (V/V)混匀后放置 10-40分钟后即可 供 10公斤全棉织品喷渍用, 喷渍后使药液和织品混合均匀,进入反应 釜,同时连续加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为分散剂,氧化剂(在通风下), 进行化学和物理处理, 至织品呈棕黄色, 然后经清洗、 离心脱水、 干 燥即得本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品。
按以下量配制药液(按 10公斤织品计)
配齐 IJ A: AgN03 0.1M, NH2 · H20 0.08M, NaOH 0.05M 加去离子水至总体积为 50升;
配剂 B: 抗坏血酸 0.12M, HN03 0.11M,煮沸 1-5分钟,冷却后 加入乙醇使成 6M, 体积为 5升;
将 10份配剂 A+1份配剂 B(V/V)混匀后放置 10-40分钟后即可供 10 公斤尼龙织品喷渍用, 喷渍后使药液和织品混合均勾, 进入反应釜, 同时连续加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为分散剂,氧化剂 (在通风下),加热 保温, 至织品呈棕黄色, 然后经清洗、 离心脱水、 干燥即得本发明的 含纳米的银针纺织品。 例 5
按以下量配制药液(按 10公斤织品计)
配剂 A、 AgN03 0.3M, ΝΗ2 · Η20 0.15Μ5 NaOH 0.07Μ 加蒸馏水至总体积为 50升;
配剂 B、 抗坏血酸 4M, HN03 0.1M, 煮沸 1-5 分钟, 冷却后加 入乙醇使成 10M, 体积为 5升; 将 10份配剂 A+l份配剂 B(V/V)混匀后放置 10-40分钟后即可供 10 公斤聚丙烯织品喷渍用, 喷渍后使药液和织品混合均匀, 进入反应釜, 同时连续加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为分散剂,氧化剂 (在通风下),加热 保温, 至织品呈棕黄色, 然后经清洗、 离心脱水、 干燥即得本发明的 防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品。
本发明的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品可以幵发出医用功能性产品和 抗菌保健型针纺织品, 经临床验证后可以供体外抗菌治疗体表创伤的 医用功能性敷料, 成为替代抗菌药品和中性敷料的首选产品。 同时还 涉及医疗卫生业和针纺织品产业, 如医疗卫生业用的各类医用功能性 针纺织品以及各个产业、 领域中所用的抗菌型、 保健的针纺织品。
表 1 防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品与 8种抗菌药物的抑菌结果
防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织 抗菌药物 MIC法药敏结果 品与对照组抑菌直径
(mm) 洗未涤 S 洗涤次
ATCC25923
大肠埃希菌 13 13 洗涤次 § 12 7 10 S S S S S S ATCC25922
铜绿假单胞菌 12 12 12 ? 7性对照阴 S S S ATCC27853
产气荚膜梭菌 10 M红霉素
CMCC(B) 64606
金黄色葡萄环菌 17 15 15 7 6 R林苯西 S唑 R R R R R R
( MRS A )分泌物
表皮葡萄环菌 18 15 46 7 6 R R苄林氯西 S R R R R R
(MRSE)分泌物
化脓性链球菌 8 8 7 6 S S 孢头啉 SS唑 S S S S 分泌物
10 10 10 7 31 S S 孢肟 S头呋 S S S S 分泌物
头孢他 S啶 大肠埃希菌 17 14 14 7 6 R R R R R R 分泌物 庆大 S霉素 阴沟肠杆菌 8 8 7 11 R R R R R R 分泌物 环沙星 S丙 产气肠杆菌 14 12 13 7 6 R R R R R R 分泌物
铜绿假单胞菌 15 15 15 7 6 R R R R R R 分泌物
嗜麦芽窄食单胞 14 13 14 7 6 R R R S S 菌分泌物
鲍曼不动杆菌 13 12 12 7 19 R R R S S S 分泌物
肺炎克雷伯菌 15 14 14 7 6 R R R S R S 分泌物
粘质沙雷菌 16 13 14 7 6 R R R R R S 分泌物
费劳地枸橡酸杆 11 10 11 7 6 R R R R R R 菌分泌物
雷积普国维登菌 15 13 13 7 6 R R R S R S 分泌物 亲水气单胞菌 13 11 13 7 R R R S R S 分泌物
温和气单胞菌 14 12 12 7 R I I S R S 分泌物
创伤弧菌分泌物 17 15 15 7 R R R S I S 奇异变形杆菌 11 10 10 7 R R R S R R 分泌物
普通变形杆菌 11 9 11 7 R R R S R R 分泌物
潘氏变形杆菌 10 9 10 7 R R I S R S 分泌物
白色念珠菌分 21 20 20 7
泌物
热带念珠菌分 18 17 18 7
泌物
近平滑念珠菌 20 19 20 7
分泌物
光滑球似酵母菌 27 26 26 7
分泌物
注: S : 敏感, : 中介, R: 耐药
表 2
菌株 空白 AB织物 防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品
织物 未洗 洗 20次 髙压 未洗 髙 洗 20次 洗 50次 压
绿脓杆菌 - - - - 15 13 16 16 金黄色葡萄球菌 - - - - 15 17 15 15 大肠杆菌 - - - - 13 14 18 15
MRSA - - - - 14 14 17 15 蜡样杆菌 - - - 11 13 13 15 15 创伤弧菌 - - - - 16 16 16 16 白色念珠菌 - 21 - - 11 11 11 11
B群溶血性链球菌- - - - 11 11 12 11 嗜麦芽假单胞菌 - - - - 12 12 15 14 硝酸盐阴性杆菌 - - - - 14 14 13 15 丙型副伤寒沙门氏菌 12 - - 12 14 19 14 亚利桑那菌 - - - - 14 14 15 14 枸橡酸杆菌 - - - - 14 14 15 13 肺炎杆菌 - - - - 13 13 17 13 枯草杆菌 - - - - 12 12 12 12 摩根氏菌 - - - 10 12 12 12 12 粪产硷杆菌 - - - - 14 12 16 16 斯氏普图菲登氏菌- - - - 12 12 14 13 阴沟肠杆菌 - - - - 13 13 13 13 淋球菌 11 11 11 11 注: AB织物为 CN-87100231A公开的织物

Claims

权利要求
1. 一种防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于在天然动、 植物或合成 紡织材料的纤维元间和纤维上牢固地附着有超微粒银,其粒径为 ι~ιοο 纳米, 该超微粒银的表层为 1~8纳米的氧化银, 核心为元素银。
2. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于所述纺 织品是采用防集聚方法生产的, 在其生产过程中加入了分散剂以防止 新生成的表面活性很强的纳米银粒子集聚。
3. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于在天然 动、 植物纺织材料的纤维元间和纤维上牢固地附着有超微粒银, 银含 量以织品重量为基础是 0.1〜50毫克 /克。
4. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于所述的 天然动、 植物或合成纺织品是棉、 毛、 麻、 丝、 合成化学纤维或上述 的混纺纺织品。
5. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌紡织品, 其特征在于所述纺 织品可以是针织物、 机织物、 无纺布或纱线。
6. 如权利要求 4所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于所述合 成化学纤维包括粘胶纤维、 醋酯纤维、 聚酯纤维、 聚酰胺纤维、 聚烯 烃纤维、 锦纶、 尼龙、 涤纶、 腈纶或丙纶。
7. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于该纺织 品上的银质粒子是以银铵络离子 [Ag(NH3)2]+为原材料制备的。
8. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于该纺织 品上的银质粒子是采用还原氧化方法制备的。
9. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品, 其特征在于该抗菌 纺织品能在含水介质中以动态平衡的方式持续释放出银离子, 而无零 价银释出。
10. 如权利要求 1所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品,其特征在于该抗菌 纺织品足以在含水介质中产生 12-20毫米的抑菌环。
11. 一种生产权利要求 1所述防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品的方法,其特征 在于包括下列步骤:
1)配制配剂 A, 以水溶液 A的总体积计, 其含有硝酸银 0.005-3M,氨 水 0.002-1.5M, 碱金属氢氧化物 0.01-0.2M;
2)配制配剂 B, 以水溶液 B的总体积计, 其含有弱还原剂 0.1-5M, 硝 酸 0.02-0.2M, 乙醇 2-10M;
3)将 10体积份配剂 A与 1体积份配剂 B混合,搅拌均匀后放置 10-40 分钟待用, 将该药剂均匀喷渍到纺织品上, 放入反应釜中, 并加入 分散剂, 氧化剂进行反应至足以使银颗粒表面产生至少一部分氧化 银。
12. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于包括在制作过程中采用防 止活性极强的银质超微粒子之间发生集聚的步骤。
13. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于可以连续方式加入所述分 散剂。
14. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于可以间歇方式加入所述分 散剂。
15. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于所述纺织品是天然动、 植 物或合成纺织品。
16. 如权利要求 11所述的方法,其特征在于所述纺织品可以是针织物、 机织物、 无纺布或纱线。
17.如权利要求 14所述的方法, 其特征在于所述天然动、 植物或合成 紡织品是棉、 毛、 麻、 丝、 合成化学纤维或上述的混紡纺织品。
18.如权利要求 16所述的方法, 其特征在于所述合成化学纤维包括粘 胶纤维、 醋酯纤维、 聚酯纤维、 聚酰胺纤维、 聚烯烃纤维、 锦纶、 尼 龙、 涤纶、 腈纶、 聚丙烯或丙纶。
19. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于所述碱金属氢氧化物是氢 氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
20. 如权利要求 11所述的方法, 其特征在于所述弱还原剂是葡萄糖或 抗坏血酸。
21. 由权利要求 1 所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品制备的医用抗菌功 能性用品的功能层。
22. 如权利要求 21所述的医用抗菌功能性用品, 其特征在于包括创伤 包扎用品。
23.如权利要求 21所述的医用抗菌功能性用品, 其特征在于所述创伤 包扎用品包括创伤贴、 纱布、 敷料、 胶布、 创可贴、 绷带或三角巾。
24. 由权利要求 1 所述的防集聚纳米银抗菌纺织品制备的保健抗菌功 能性用品。
PCT/CN2002/000427 2001-06-22 2002-06-18 Textiles antibacteriens contenant de l'argent nanometrique non agglomerant fixe et leurs procedes de production WO2003046273A1 (fr)

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CNB011295066A CN1156624C (zh) 2001-06-22 2001-06-22 防集聚广谱抗菌纳米银针、纺织品及产业化生产工艺
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WO2008140337A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-11-20 Instytut Wlókien Naturalnych (Institute Of Natural Fibres) Cellulose fibre textiles containing nanolignins, a method of applying nanolignins onto textiles and the use of nanolignins in textile production
US8399027B2 (en) 2005-04-14 2013-03-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Silver coatings and methods of manufacture
US9289450B2 (en) 2006-01-13 2016-03-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Silver-containing antimicrobial articles and methods of manufacture
US9440001B2 (en) 2013-03-06 2016-09-13 Specialty Fibres and Materials Limited Absorbent materials

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CN112376265B (zh) * 2020-11-12 2023-01-03 上海普榭尔科技有限公司 一种制备纺织品用抗微生物处理剂的方法

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JPH11158746A (ja) * 1997-11-28 1999-06-15 Teijin Ltd 表面金属化繊維の製造方法
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8399027B2 (en) 2005-04-14 2013-03-19 3M Innovative Properties Company Silver coatings and methods of manufacture
US9289450B2 (en) 2006-01-13 2016-03-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Silver-containing antimicrobial articles and methods of manufacture
WO2008140337A1 (en) 2007-05-09 2008-11-20 Instytut Wlókien Naturalnych (Institute Of Natural Fibres) Cellulose fibre textiles containing nanolignins, a method of applying nanolignins onto textiles and the use of nanolignins in textile production
US9440001B2 (en) 2013-03-06 2016-09-13 Specialty Fibres and Materials Limited Absorbent materials

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CN1156624C (zh) 2004-07-07
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