WO2003044188A1 - Procede pour inhiber l'expression de genes - Google Patents
Procede pour inhiber l'expression de genes Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003044188A1 WO2003044188A1 PCT/JP2002/012183 JP0212183W WO03044188A1 WO 2003044188 A1 WO2003044188 A1 WO 2003044188A1 JP 0212183 W JP0212183 W JP 0212183W WO 03044188 A1 WO03044188 A1 WO 03044188A1
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- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a target gene obtained by introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having substantially the same sequence as at least a part of the base sequence of a target gene into a cell, tissue or individual. And a method for inhibiting expression.
- RNAi effect As a method of inhibiting the expression of a target gene in a cell, tissue or individual, introduction of double-stranded RNA into the cell, tissue or individual promotes degradation of mRNA having homology to the sequence.
- RNAi method This effect has been used for plants (Waterhouse, PM, et al. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 95, 13959-13964 (1998)), and for birds and horses (Ngo, H. et al. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 95, 14687-14692 (1998)), Hydra (Lohmann, JU, et al., Dev. Biol., 214, 211-214 (1999)), Planaria
- the present invention relates to a method of introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide having increased stability by containing DNA into a cell, tissue, or individual, thereby obtaining a sequence substantially identical to the base sequence of the polynucleotide. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for inhibiting the expression of a target gene.
- the present inventors have made intensive efforts to solve the above problems, and as a result, in a hamster cultured cell CHO-KI, a hybrid of DNA and RNA having a partial nucleotide sequence of the luciferase gene was used.
- a hybrid of DNA and RNA having a partial nucleotide sequence of the luciferase gene was used.
- a certain double-stranded polynucleotide and a double-stranded polynucleotide that is a chimera of DNA and RNA were introduced, it was found that the expression of the luciferase gene was inhibited in the cells, and the present invention was completed.
- the present invention was completed.
- a target characterized in that a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having a sequence substantially identical to at least a part of the base sequence of a target gene is introduced into a cell, tissue, or individual.
- a method for inhibiting gene expression is characterized in that a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having a sequence substantially identical to at least a part of the base sequence of a target gene is introduced into a cell, tissue, or individual.
- the double-stranded polynucleotide is composed of 19 to 25 nucleotides, and is at least an upstream 1Z2 force S RNA among the polynucleotides.
- (11) A method for imparting specific properties to a cell, tissue, or individual by inhibiting the expression of a target gene using the method according to any one of (1) to (9).
- An agent for preventing, treating, or treating a disease involving a target gene comprising a substance obtained by the method described in (13) above as an active ingredient.
- a method for producing an agent for preventing and / or treating a disease associated with a target gene which is characterized by formulating the substance selected by the method according to (13) above.
- An agent for preventing and / or treating a disease associated with a target gene comprising at least the double-stranded polynucleotide according to (22).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the sequences of a sense single-stranded polynucleotide consisting of 21 nucleotides and an antisense single-stranded polynucleotide consisting of 21 nucleotides, which were used to prepare a double-stranded polynucleotide.
- the left means the 5 'end and the right means the 3' end.
- Bold letters indicate RNA and underline indicates DNA.
- FIG. 2 shows a DNA-RNA hybrid double-stranded polynucleotide in CHOKI cells.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing inhibition of luc gene expression when was introduced.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing inhibition of luc gene expression when a double-stranded polynucleotide having a sense strand of: NA and an antisense strand of DNA-RNA chimera was introduced into S2 cells.
- Figure 4 shows the inhibition of luc gene expression when a double-stranded polynucleotide whose antisense strand is RNA and whose sense strand is a DNA-RNA chimera is introduced into HeLa cells and HEK293 cells. It is.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the inhibition of luc gene expression when a DNA-RNA chimera double-stranded polynucleotide is introduced into CHO-K1 cells.
- Double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA for use in RNAi method provides a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having a sequence substantially identical to at least a part of the base sequence of a target gene.
- This is a method for inhibiting expression of a target gene, which comprises introducing a chain polynucleotide into a cell, tissue, or individual.
- a target gene is a cell, tissue, or individual into which the gene is introduced.
- transfectant Any mRNA, and optionally any protein that can be translated to produce a protein.
- the object to be introduced may be intrinsic or exogenous. Further, it may be a gene existing on a chromosome or an extrachromosomal one. Examples of the exogenous one include those derived from a pathogen such as a virus, a bacterium, a fungus, or a protozoan capable of infecting a recipient. The function may be known or unknown, and may be known in cells of other organisms but unknown in the recipient.
- a DNA having a sequence substantially identical to at least a part of the nucleotide sequence of these genes a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of RNA (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “double-stranded polynucleotide j”); Is composed of a sequence substantially identical to a sequence of 20 nucleotides or more, which may be any part of the base sequence of the target gene. is there.
- substantially the same means having homology of 50% or more, preferably 70% or more, more preferably 80% or more with the sequence of the target gene.
- the nucleotide chain length may be any length from 19 nucleotides to the entire length of the open reading frame (ORF) of the target gene, but those having a chain length of 19 to 500 nucleotides are preferably used.
- ORF open reading frame
- mammalian cells have a signal transduction system that activates in response to double-stranded RNA having a chain length of 30 nucleotides or more. This is called the interfacial reaction (Mareus, PI, et al., Interferon, 5, 115.180 (1983)).
- PKR dsRNA-responsive protein kinase
- Bass, BL, Nature, 411, 428-429 (2001) non-specifically inhibits the initiation of translation of many genes, and at the same time, 2 ', 5' oligoadenylate synthetase (Bass, B.IJ) , 411, 428-429 (2001)), RNaseL is activated, and nonspecific degradation of intracellular RNA is induced. These non-specific reactions mask the specific response of the target gene.
- a mammal when a mammal, or a cell or tissue derived from the animal is used as a recipient, it is composed of 19 to 25, preferably 19 to 23, more preferably 19 to 21 nucleotides.
- Single-stranded polynucleotides are used.
- the double-stranded polynucleotide of the present invention does not need to be entirely double-stranded, and includes those having a partially protruding 5 ′ or 3 ′ end, and the protruding end has 1 to 5 nucleotides, preferably It is 1-3 nucleotides, more preferably 2 nucleotides.
- the most preferable example is a polynucleotide having a structure in which the 3 ′ end of each polynucleotide chain is projected by 2 nucleotides.
- the double-stranded polynucleotide means a polynucleotide having a double-stranded portion having complementarity, but may be a single-stranded polynucleotide having self-phase correction and self-annealed.
- Single-stranded polynucleotides having self-phase correction include, for example, those having inverted repeat sequences.
- a hybrid type of DNA and RNA chains for the mixing of DNA and RNA, a hybrid type of DNA and RNA chains, a chimeric type of DNA and RNA, and the like are used.
- the hybrid of the DNA strand and the RNA strand may be any hybrid as long as it has an activity of inhibiting the expression of the target gene when introduced into the recipient, but is preferably The sense strand is DNA And the antisense strand is RNA.
- any chimeric DNA and RNA may be used as long as they have an activity of inhibiting the expression of a target gene when introduced into a recipient.
- the sequence required to inhibit the expression of the target gene is required to be RNA. It is desirable to appropriately determine the amount within the range in which expression inhibition occurs, while analyzing the degree of target gene expression inhibition described below. Thereby, the functional site of UNA in the RNAi method can be identified.
- Preferred examples of the thus-determined chimeric type include, for example, those in which a part of the upstream side of the double-stranded polynucleotide is: NA.
- the upstream side means the 5 'side of the sense strand or the 3' side of the antisense strand.
- the upstream portion is preferably a portion of 9 to 13 nucleotides from the upstream end of the double-stranded polynucleotide.
- the polynucleotides each have a length of 19 to 21 polynucleotides, and at least 1/2 of the upstream side of the polynucleotides is used.
- RNA and double-stranded polynucleotides other than DNA are used.
- the method for preparing the double-stranded polynucleotide is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a chemical synthesis method known per se.
- chemical synthesis a single-stranded polynucleotide having complementarity can be separately synthesized, and can be converted into a double-stranded strand by associating them by an appropriate method.
- the method of associating the synthesized single-stranded polynucleotide is preferably at least about a 3: 7 molar ratio, more preferably about a 4: 6 molar ratio, and most preferably essentially And the mixture is heated to a temperature at which the two chains dissociate, and then gradually cooled.
- the associated double-stranded polynucleotide is purified, if necessary, by a commonly used method known per se.
- a purification method for example, a method of confirming using an agarose gel or the like and removing any remaining single-stranded polynucleotide by decomposing it with an appropriate enzyme or the like can be used.
- the polynucleotide is produced by a method such as chemical synthesis and then self-complemented in the same manner as described above. It is prepared by associating sexually active sequences.
- the transfectant into which the double-stranded polynucleotide thus prepared is introduced may be any as long as the target gene can be transcribed into RNA or translated into protein in the cell.
- the transfectant used in the present invention means a cell, a tissue, or an individual.
- Examples of the cells used in the present invention include germline cells, somatic cells, totipotent cells, pluripotent cells, divided cells, non-divided cells, parenchymal cells, epithelial cells, immortalized cells, and transformed cells. May be used. Specific examples include undifferentiated cells such as stem cells, cells derived from organs or tissues, or differentiated cells thereof. Tissues include single-cell embryos or constitutive cells, or multi-cell embryos, fetal tissues, and the like.
- Examples of the above differentiated cells include, for example, fat cells, fibroblasts, muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells, nerve cells, Darya, blood cells, megakaryocytes, lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, Examples include basophils, mast cells, leukocytes, granulocytes, keratinocytes, chondrocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, hepatocytes, and cells of the endocrine or exocrine glands.
- Specific examples of such cells include CHO-KI cells (RIKEN Cell bank) and Drosophila S2 cells (Schneider, I., et al., J. Embryol. Exp.
- the individual to be introduced in the present invention specifically includes a plant, an animal, a protozoan, a virus, a bacterium, or a fungal species.
- the plant may be a monocotyledonous, dicotyledonous or gymnosperm, and the animal may be a vertebrate or invertebrate.
- Preferred microorganisms as transfectants of the invention are those used in agriculture or by industry, and which are pathogenic to plants or animals.
- Sexual. Fungi include organisms in both power and yeast forms.
- vertebrates examples include mammals, including fish, sea lions, goats, pigs, sheep, hamsters, mice, rats, monkeys and humans, and invertebrates include nematodes and worms. Includes other reptiles, Drosophila, and other insects.
- Methods for introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide into a recipient include, when the recipient is a cell or a tissue, a calcium phosphate method, an electroporation method, a lipofection method, a virus infection, or a double-stranded polynucleotide. Immersion in a polynucleotide solution or a transformation method is used. Examples of the method for introduction into the embryo include microinjection, electoral poration, and virus infection. When the recipient is a plant, a method of injecting or perfusing the plant into the body cavity or stromal cells, or spraying is used.
- the double-stranded polynucleotide can be mixed directly with the food of the organism.
- it can be administered, for example, by administration as an implanted long-term release preparation or the like, or by ingesting an introduced body into which a double-stranded polynucleotide has been introduced.
- the amount of the double-stranded polynucleotide to be introduced can be appropriately selected depending on the transductant and the target gene, but it is preferable to introduce an amount sufficient to introduce at least one copy per cell. Specifically, for example, when the transfectant is a human cultured cell and the double-stranded polynucleotide is introduced by the calcium phosphate method, 0 to 1: L0000 nM is preferable. .
- two or more kinds of double-stranded polynucleotides can be simultaneously introduced.
- the expression of two or more target genes is expected to be inhibited in a cell, tissue, or individual to which the polynucleotide has been introduced (hereinafter, this may be referred to as an “introduced body”).
- the expression inhibition of the target gene means not only the complete inhibition of the expression but also the inhibition of the expression level of m-RNA or protein by 20% or more.
- the degree of target gene expression inhibition is determined by the accumulation of the target gene RNA or the target gene.
- the output of the protein encoded by the gene can be measured by comparing the introduced and non-transduced double-stranded polynucleotides.
- the amount of mRNA can be measured by a commonly used method known per se. Specifically, for example, Northern hybridization, quantitative reverse transfer PGR, or in situ hybridization can be used.
- the amount of protein produced can be measured by Western blotting using an antibody that uses the protein encoded by the target gene as an antigen, or by measuring the enzyme activity of the protein encoded by the target gene. .
- the function of the gene targeted by the introduced double-stranded polynucleotide is analyzed by analyzing the phenotypic change appearing in the transductant. Can be identified.
- the function of the target gene may be known, or the function of the target gene in the recipient may be unknown.
- the double-stranded polynucleotide corresponding to the target gene is as described above.
- the phenotype for which the change should be analyzed in the transductant is not particularly limited. Movement or life-form behavior such as the life span of the introduced body. If the function of the target gene is known in other transfectants, it is preferable to analyze the phenotype associated with that function.
- a means for analyzing a change in the phenotype when analyzing a change in the morphology of the transductant, a method of detecting with a microscope or a naked eye can be used.
- the substance in the transfection body is, for example, mRNA
- examples of the method for analyzing the amount include Northern hybridization, quantitative reverse transfer PCR, in situ hybridization, and the like.
- methods for analyzing the amount include the ⁇ -stamping method using an antibody that uses the protein encoded by the target gene as an antigen, and the enzyme activity of the protein encoded by the target gene.
- a measuring method and the like can be mentioned.
- the phenotypic changes that appear only in the transfectants analyzed in this way are likely to inhibit the expression of the target gene. As a result, it can be identified as a function of the target gene.
- the target gene By inhibiting the expression of a target gene using the double-stranded polynucleotide of the present invention, specific properties can be imparted to cells, tissues, or individuals. Specific properties refer to those that appear in the transductant as a result of inhibition of the expression of the target gene.
- the target gene may be a gene whose inhibitory expression has a known effect on the transfectant, or may have a function or an unknown function in the transfectant.
- a desired property is imparted to the introduced gene by introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide corresponding thereto and selecting a desired phenotype from the phenotype indicated by the introduced product. can do.
- Desirable properties to be imparted to the recipient include, for example, intracellular production function, function to inhibit extracellular secretion, function to repair damage to cells and DNA, and function to resist specific diseases.
- examples of the target gene include enzymes related to fruit ripening, plant structural proteins, and genes related to pathogenicity.
- the target gene may be a gene encoding the protein, Examples include a gene encoding a protein having a function of controlling protein expression.
- the target gene is a gene required for maintaining the oncogenic Z oncogenic phenotype, and the recipient is a cancerous cell or a tumor tissue.
- a double-stranded polynucleotide against the target gene inhibits the expression of a protein encoded by the target gene, it can be used as a therapeutic or preventive agent for a disease associated with the target gene.
- the polynucleotide can be used alone, but it should be used as a pharmaceutical composition by mixing with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Can also. At this time, the ratio of the active ingredient to the carrier can be varied between 1 and 90% by weight.
- the drug can be administered in various forms.
- Examples of the dosage form include oral administration of tablets, capsules, granules, powders, syrups, and the like, or injections, drops, ribosomes, Parenteral administration with suppositories and the like can be mentioned.
- the dose can be appropriately selected depending on the condition, age, weight, and the like.
- Introducers into which a double-stranded polynucleotide targeting such a gene has been introduced are selected according to the phenotype predicted to be associated with the inhibition of gene expression.
- a specific genetic marker for example, a sequence encoding a fluorescent protein or the like is linked to the introduced double-stranded nucleotide
- the expression inhibition degree of the fluorescent protein introduced together with the double-stranded polynucleotide into the recipient is It is also possible to make a selection based on Among them, for example, when a gene that functions to suppress cancer is the target gene, the characteristics of the cells to be selected include malignancy such as enhanced proliferation, decreased cell adhesion, and enhanced motor (metastasis) ability. Tumor traits and the like.
- the trait of a cell to be selected includes a loss of a circadian rhythm specific to the cell.
- the type of cells to be selected includes, for example, sensitivity to the mutagen.
- the selected transductants can be established and obtained as a system by appropriate cloning techniques known per se. Specifically, when the transfectant is a cell, the transfectant should be established and obtained as a cell line by a standard dilution method, a method using a drug resistance marker, etc., which is a method for establishing a cell line in a normal cultured cell. Can be.
- the transfectant obtained with the specific function obtained according to the present invention may be a cell line with an increased production or secretion efficiency of a useful substance, or a cell line that is highly sensitive to environmental factors that cause damage to cells or DNA. It shows traits associated with a disease and can be used as a model for disease treatment.
- the target gene include a gene whose expression level is reduced or absent causes a disease.
- a gene whose expression level is reduced or absent causes a disease.
- XPA / XPDZXPF / XPG gene for xeroderma pigmentosum
- DNA polymerase 7j gene for xeroderma pigmentosum
- APC gene for colorectal cancer
- BRCA1 / BRCA2 gene for breast cancer
- INS / INSR gene for diabetes etc. No.
- Human disease model cells By introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having substantially the same sequence as at least a part of the nucleotide sequence of these human genes into, for example, a human-derived culture cell, Human disease model cells can be obtained. Furthermore, by contacting a test substance with a cell, tissue, or individual to which this specific property has been imparted, and analyzing whether or not a symptom or a trait of a disease involving the gene appears to be altered, It is also possible to screen for a therapeutic agent for the above-mentioned diseases and a therapeutic or preventive agent.
- a substance selected by such screening is used as an active ingredient of the above-mentioned drug
- Such drugs can be administered in various forms, such as tablets, capsules, granules, powders, or syrups, orally, or injections, drops, ribosomes, etc. And parenteral administration with suppositories and the like. The dose can be appropriately selected depending on the condition, age, body weight, and the like.
- the method described in the above (1) to (4) of the present invention employs at least one target gene in the recipient.
- a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having substantially the same sequence as the base sequence is introduced.
- a DNA encoding the indicator protein is further added.
- the primary screening of the transductant is performed using the signal amount emitted from the indicator protein as an index to analyze only the transductant in which the expression of the gene in the transfectant has been inhibited. And efficient analysis can be performed.
- the transfectant is a cultured cell derived from a vertebrate and the indicator protein is a fluorescent protein.
- An expression vector containing DNA encoding a fluorescent protein is introduced into cultured cells derived from a vertebrate and cultured, and cells having a specific intensity or higher of the fluorescence emitted from the indicator protein are selected.
- a double-stranded polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA having a sequence substantially identical to at least a part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA encoding the indica protein is further introduced into the cells selected here and cultured. Then, the degree of inhibition of the indicator gene expression is analyzed based on the degree of attenuation of the amount of fluorescence emitted from the indicator protein.
- the indicator protein needs to have a correlation between its protein mass and the amount of signal it emits.
- a specific example of such a protein is luciferase protein.
- the amount of protein encoded by the target gene can be calculated based on the expression level of the indicator protein.
- Kits for performing the methods described in the above (1) to (5) include a double-stranded polynucleotide, a vector containing the DNA encoding the indicator protein, and at least a part of the indicator gene. Includes double-stranded polynucleotides consisting of DNA and RNA having substantially the same sequence as the base sequence, reagents such as enzymes and buffers, and reagents for introducing polynucleotides.
- the kit of the present invention does not need to include all of these reagents and the like, and may be any combination of reagents and the like as long as the kit is used in the above-described method of the present invention.
- Example 1 Inhibition of target gene expression by double-stranded DNA-RNA hybrid introduced into CHQ-KI cells
- the firefly (Photimis pyralis) luciferase gene (R pyralis lc gene: accession number: U472926) was used as the target gene, and the pGL3-Ccmtrol vector (manufactured by Promega) was used as an expression vector containing this.
- the P. pyralis luc gene fragment is sandwiched between the SV40 promoter and polyA signal in this vector.
- the indicator gene used was the luc: iferase gene of Renilla reniformis, and pRL-TK was used as an expression vector containing this gene.
- the sense strand consisting of 21 nucleotides used in the preparation of the double-stranded polynucleotide used in this example is represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 2 (RNA).
- the antisense strand is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 4 (RNA).
- chimeric single-stranded polynucleotides of DNA or RNA were prepared as shown in FIG. The synthesis of these polynucleotides was outsourced to Genset Corporation through Hitachi Instrument Service Co., Ltd.
- sequence of the sense strand polynucleotide corresponds to the 38th to 58th nucleotide of the Rpyralis luc gene (1,653 base pairs in total length) in the pGL3-Control vector, which is the target gene.
- the double-stranded RNA, double-stranded DNA, and double-stranded DNA-RNA hybrids used to inhibit the expression of the P. pyralis luc gene were prepared using the sense strand FLsl (RNA) or DFLsl (DNA ) And the antisense strand FLa2 (RNA) or DFLa2 (DNA).
- the association is performed by heating the sense single-stranded polynucleotide and the antisense single-stranded polynucleotide in a 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.5), 20 mM NaCl reaction solution at 90 ° C for 2 minutes, and further at 37 ° C. This was carried out by incubating for 1 hour and then allowing the mixture to reach room temperature.
- Double-stranded polynucleotide formation is assayed by electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel in TBE buffer, under which conditions almost all of the single-stranded polynucleotide is associated with the double-stranded polynucleotide.
- CHO-KI cells (RIKEN Cell bank) were used as the culture cells, and the medium was deprived of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (manufactured by Gibco BRL). 10% fetal bovine blood (manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei) and antibiotics penicillin (Meiji Co.) 1 0 units / ml, using a material obtained by adding streptomycin (Meiji Co.) 5 0 ⁇ g / ml, and cultured at 3 7 ° C, 5% C0 2 presence.
- Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium manufactured by Gibco BRL
- 10% fetal bovine blood manufactured by Mitsubishi Kasei
- antibiotics penicillin Meiji Co.
- the CHO-KI cells were plated at a concentration of 0.3 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml in a 24-well plate, and one day later, the Ca-phosphate precipitation method (Cell Engineering Handbook, edited by Toshio Kuroki et al., Yodosha (1) 9 9 2)) with 1.0 ⁇ g pGL3-Control DNA, 0.5 ⁇ g pEL-TK DNA, and two each of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 10OnM A strand polynucleotide was introduced.
- the Ca-phosphate precipitation method Cell Engineering Handbook, edited by Toshio Kuroki et al., Yodosha (1) 9 9 2
- Example 1 (2) The cells prepared in Example 1 (2) above were collected after 20 hours, and two types of luciferase were analyzed using a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega).
- the expression of the gene introduced into CHO-KI cells was inhibited by DNA-RNA and hybrid double-stranded polynucleotides (Fig. 2). All values indicate the inactivity of the target gene product with respect to the expression level of the indicator gene (luciferase enzyme activity). These data show the average of three experiments, and the vertical bar in the figure shows the standard deviation. Compared with the control group into which the double-stranded polynucleotide was not introduced, in the case of the group into which the double-stranded RNA had been introduced, 96%, 80% inhibition of target gene expression was observed in the double-stranded polynucleotide transfection group in which the DNA strand was DNA and the antisense strand was RNA.
- the target gene used was the same as in Example 1; the luciferase gene of Photinus pyralis (P. pyralis luc 17s.-: accession number: U472976) was used.
- the gene for luciferase of Renilla reniformis was used as the in- indicator gene. Further, the expression vector described in Example 1 was also used.
- the sense strand consisting of 21 nucleotides used in the preparation of the double-stranded polynucleotide used in this example is represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 2 (RNA).
- the antisense strand is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 4 (RNA).
- chimeric single-stranded polynucleotides of DNA or RNA were prepared as shown in FIG. These polynucleotides were outsourced to Genset Inc. through Hitachi Instrument Service Co., Ltd.
- the DNA-RNA chimeric double-stranded polynucleotide used to inhibit the expression of the P. pyralis luc gene is composed of the sense strand FLsl (single-stranded RNA) and the antisense strands FLa2-l and Fla2-2 shown in Figure 1. , Fla2.3, Fla2-4, Fla2-5, Fla2-6, Fla2-7, Fla2-8, FLa2-9, Fla2-10 (DNA-RNA chimeric single-stranded polynucleotide) This was made.
- a sense single-stranded RNA and an antisense DNA-RNA chimeric single-stranded polynucleotide were reacted in the same manner as in Example 1. Double-stranded polynucleotide production was assayed by electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel in TBE buffer.
- the culture cells used were Sjojopapa S2 cells (Schneider, I., et al., J. Embryol. Exp. Morph., 27, 353-365 (1972)), and the medium was Schneider's Drosophila medium (Gibco 10% fetal bovine serum (Mitsubishi Kasei) and penicillin (Meiji) as an antibiotic 10 units / ml, streptomycin (Meiji) 50 / ig / The cells were added to the cells and cultured at 25 ° C. in the presence of 5% CO 2 .
- the S2 cells were plated at a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml on a 24-well plate, and one day later, Ca-phosphate precipitation method (Cell Engineering Handbook, edited by Toshio Kuroki et al., Yodosha U
- Example 2 (2) The cells prepared in the above Example 2 (2) were collected after 20 hours, and the expression levels of two types of noresiferase proteins were measured using a Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System (manufactured by Promega). The fluorescence was measured using a Lumat LB 9507 luminometer (EG & G Berthold).
- the expression of the gene introduced into S2 cells was determined by immobilizing the sense side of the double strand on RNA and using the antisense side as a chimeric polynucleotide of DNA and RNA. Inhibited by double-stranded polynucleotide ( Figure 3). All values were determined as the specific activity of the target gene product with respect to the expression level of the indicator gene (luciferase activity), and were shown as the average of three experiments and the standard deviation. Among the double-stranded polynucleotides, those with the antisense side of FLa2, FLa2-2, FLa2-3, FLa2-8, and FLa2-9 were 9 times smaller than the control group into which the double-stranded polynucleotide was not introduced.
- RNAi effect was also confirmed by introducing a double-stranded polynucleotide in which the portion containing this region on the antisense sequence was preserved as RNA and the other portion was replaced with DNA.
- a region necessary and sufficient for the expression of the RNAi effect is identified or predicted, the portion containing this region is stored as RNA, and the other portion is stored as DNA.
- a double-stranded polynucleotide composed of 21 nucleotides, each of which was prepared by substituting the above can inhibit the expression of the target gene by the RNAi effect.
- Example 3 Inhibition of gene expression by DNA-RNA quinula-type double-stranded polynucleotide introduced into human HeLa cells and human HEK293 cells
- the Rpyralisic gene was used as the target gene as in Example 1, and the pGL3-Control vector (manufactured by Promega) was used as the expression vector containing it.
- the indicator gene was the luc gene of Renilla reniformis, and pRL-TK (Promega) was used as an expression vector containing the luc gene.
- the sense strand consisting of 21 nucleotides used in the preparation of the double-stranded polynucleotide used in this example is represented by SEQ ID NO: 1 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 2 (RNA).
- the antisense strand is represented by SEQ ID NO: 3 (DNA) or SEQ ID NO: 4 (RNA).
- chimeric single-stranded polynucleotides of DNA or RNA were prepared as shown in FIG. The synthesis of these polynucleotides was outsourced to Genset Corporation through Hitachi Instrument Service Co., Ltd.
- the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand polynucleotide is the 38th-58th nucleotide of the P. pyralis luc gene (1,653 base pairs in total length) in the target gene, pGL3-Control vector. Equivalent to tide. -
- the DNA-RNA chimeric double-stranded polynucleotide used to inhibit the expression of the P. pyralis luc gene was composed of the sense strands FLsl-l and FLsl-2 (DNA-RNA chimeric single-stranded polynucleotides shown in Figure 1). Nucleotides) and the antisense strand FIa2 (single-stranded RNA).
- a sense DNA-RNA chimeric single-stranded polynucleotide and an antisense single-stranded RNA were reacted in the same manner as in Example 1. Double-stranded polynucleotide production was assayed by electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel in TBE buffer.
- the recombinant expression vector for expressing the target gene used was pGL3-Control described in (1) above, and the expression vector for the indicator gene was pRL-TK described in (1) above.
- Human HeLa cells (ATCC: CCL-2) and human HEK293 cells (ATCC: CRL-1573) were used as culture cells, and the culture medium was non-desorbed to Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Gibco BRL). 10% fetal calf blood
- HeLa cells and HEK293 cells were plated at a concentration of 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml and 0.25 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml, respectively, on a 24-well plate. 0 ⁇ g pGL3-Control DNA, 1.0 ug pRL-TK DNA, and 100 nM of each DNA-RNA chimeric double-stranded polynucleotide were introduced.
- Example 1 the cells prepared in Example 3 (2) above were collected after 20 hours, and the expression levels of the two types of noresiferase proteins were measured using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. did. The fluorescence was measured using a Lumat LB 9507 luminometer. The expression of the genes introduced into HeLa cells and HEK293 cells was determined by immobilizing the antisense side of the double-stranded DNA to RNA, and using the sense side as a chimeric polynucleotide of DNA and RNA. (Fig. 4). All values were determined as the specific activity of the target gene product relative to the expression level of the indicator gene (luciferase enzyme activity), and expressed as the average value of three experiments and the standard deviation.
- FLsl-2 12 nucleotides at the 5 ′ side in the sequence are RNA, and nucleotides in other regions are DNA. Therefore, in this example using HeLa cells and HEK293 cells, when the antisense strand is RNA, the whole or a part of the 12 nucleotides on the sense side is necessary and sufficient for the expression of a strong RNAi effect. Area.
- Example 4 Inhibition of gene expression by DNA-RNA chimeric double-stranded polynucleotide introduced into human CHO-K1
- the Rpyralis luc gene was used as the target gene as in Example 1, and the pGL3-C (mtrol vector (Promega)) was used as the expression vector containing this gene, and the indicator gene was Renilla reniformis PRL-TK (Promega) was used as an expression vector containing the luc gene.
- the sequence of the 21-nucleotide sense strand polynucleotide used for the production of the double-stranded polynucleotide used in this example was the P. pyralis luc gene (full length 1) in the pGL3-Control vector, which is the target gene. , 65 3 base pairs) of 8—2 8th (8—28), 38—58 8th (38—58), 1807—1107 (1107) 1 107).
- each base sequence 8 to 28 sense strands are shown in SEQ ID NOS: 5 (DNA) and 6 (RNA), and antisense strands are shown in SEQ ID NOs: 7 (DNA) and 8 (RNA).
- 5 8 sense strand is SEQ ID NO: 1 (DNA), 2 (RNA), antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: These are shown in 3 (DNA) and 4 (RNA).
- the nucleotide sequence of the sense strand of 1087-117 is SEQ ID NO: 9 (DNA) and 10 (RNA)
- the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 11 (DNA) and 12 (RNA). .
- RNAs for both sense and antisense C.
- D DNA
- antisense RNA
- RNA about half (10 to 13 nucleotides) upstream of the sense strand is RNA (E)
- sense strand is UNA (F)
- F is about half (10 to 13 nucleotides) of force S DNA upstream of the antisense strand was prepared.
- a sense and antisense DNA-RNA chimeric single-stranded polynucleotide was reacted in the same manner as in Example 1. Double-stranded polynucleotide production was assayed by electrophoresis on a 2% agarose gel in TBE buffer.
- the pGL3-Control described in (1) above was used as a recombinant expression vector for expressing the target gene, and the pRL-TK described in (1) was used as an expression vector for the indicator gene.
- Human CHO-K1 cells (ATCC: CCL-61) were used as culture cells, and the medium was Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (Gibco BRL), non-deprived 10% fetal bovine serum (Mitsubishi Kasei) and antibiotics. substances as penicillin (manufactured by Meiji Co.) 10 units / mL strentomvcin. ( Meiji Co.) using a material obtained by adding 50 ⁇ g / nil, and cultured in C0 2 the presence 37 ° C, 5%.
- CHO-K1 cells were plated at a concentration of 0.3 ⁇ 10 6 cells / ml in 24-well plates, and one day later, 1.0 ⁇ g of pRL-TK DNA, 1 OnM or 1.0 ⁇ g by Ca-phosphate precipitation.
- Example 3 Measurement of gene expression in cultured cells As in Example 1, the cells prepared in Example 4 (2) above were collected after 20 hours, and the expression levels of the two types of noreciferase proteins were measured using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. did. The fluorescence was measured using a Lumat LB 9507 luminometer.
- FIG. 5 shows the structure of the double-stranded polynucleotide and the luciferase activity of the cells into which the polynucleotide was introduced relative to the luciferase activity of the control (cells into which the double-stranded polynucleotide had not been introduced).
- open squares indicate RNA strands
- black squares indicate DNA strands.
- the expression of the gene introduced into the CHO-K1 cells in each of the polynucleotides consisting of any of the base sequences was from at least 21 nucleotides each with at least about half of the upstream RNA as the RNA. (Fig. 5 (A), (C) and (E);).
- RNAi effect a region required and sufficient for the expression of the RNAi effect is identified or predicted, a portion containing this region is stored as RNA, and the other portion is stored in DNA. It is presumed that the double-stranded polynucleotides composed of 21 nucleotides, each produced by substitution, can inhibit the expression of the target gene by the RNAi effect.
- RNAi effect is weak, cells expressing particularly high RNAi effect can be used for primary screening. This allows efficient analysis to be performed.
- RNAi double-stranded RNA
- RNase RNase-activated nucleic acid
- the production cost is high. Is expensive.
- the introduced polynucleotide is completely RNA. Therefore, the stability as a substance of a polynucleotide introduced by using a polynucleotide consisting of DNA and RNA, specifically, a hybrid polynucleotide consisting of a DNA strand and an RNA strand, or a DNA-RNA chimeric polynucleotide. And production costs can be reduced.
- the introduced polynucleotide itself can be developed as a preparation for treating a disease.
- DNA can be more easily modified in a variety of ways, such as fluorescent labeling, biotin labeling, amination, phosphorylation, and thiolation. Therefore, when used as a pharmaceutical or a reagent, a function according to the purpose can be added by performing such chemical modification.
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EP02803555A EP1445312B1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | Method of inhibiting gene expression |
CA2467936A CA2467936C (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | Method of inhibiting gene expression |
ES02803555T ES2401326T3 (es) | 2001-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | Procedimiento para inhibir la expresión génica |
AU2002366033A AU2002366033B2 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2002-11-21 | Method of inhibiting gene expression |
US10/849,912 US20050004064A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2004-05-21 | Method of inhibiting gene expression |
US13/176,536 US20110289607A1 (en) | 2001-11-21 | 2011-07-05 | Method of inhibiting gene expression |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1445312A4 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
ES2401326T3 (es) | 2013-04-18 |
CN1612930A (zh) | 2005-05-04 |
AU2002366033A1 (en) | 2003-06-10 |
EP1445312A1 (en) | 2004-08-11 |
CA2467936A1 (en) | 2003-05-30 |
CA2467936C (en) | 2013-11-05 |
EP1445312B1 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
KR100990055B1 (ko) | 2010-10-26 |
KR20050044565A (ko) | 2005-05-12 |
US20110289607A1 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
KR20100087400A (ko) | 2010-08-04 |
US20050004064A1 (en) | 2005-01-06 |
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