WO2003041450A1 - Heating cabinet - Google Patents
Heating cabinet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003041450A1 WO2003041450A1 PCT/FR2002/003778 FR0203778W WO03041450A1 WO 2003041450 A1 WO2003041450 A1 WO 2003041450A1 FR 0203778 W FR0203778 W FR 0203778W WO 03041450 A1 WO03041450 A1 WO 03041450A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cabinet
- panel
- heating
- cable
- temperature
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/54—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes flexible
- H05B3/56—Heating cables
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electronically controlled heating cabinet dedicated to an explosive atmosphere, in particular for maintaining in particular a viscosity index required for their use of liquid materials such as paint, lacquer, coating, varnish or other, as well as a panel. modular radiant heater that can be incorporated into such a cabinet.
- a thermostatically controlled cabinet under conditions corresponding to their temperature of use. This is the case in particular for paints with an aqueous or solvent-based base, so as to make ready-to-use dosages possible.
- These cabinets are also likely to be exposed to explosive atmospheres that we will call "EX” and whose definition is given in the European Directive ATEX n ° 94/9 / EC. Consequently, the design adopted must be compatible with such atmospheres. So far all the solutions developed solutions remained dedicated to non-explosive atmospheres because they would be extremely expensive if they had to be produced as is with "EX” technologies without providing complete satisfaction to the user.
- a first solution consists in using an electric radiator with or without heat transfer fluid inside the heating cabinet.
- This solution is particularly expensive in the “EX” version.
- its installation requires a large footprint generating an elevation of the cabinet frame or a reduction in the number of jars of storable products.
- This solution generates an increase in the weight of the cabinet and involves the obligation to position the radiator at the bottom of the cabinet to use the natural rise in heat. This results in a heat source concentrated in a single location, this source being capable of causing overheating in its vicinity which, in particular in the case of paint, cause the latter to harden.
- Another solution is to have electrical resistances under the storage shelves of the cabinet. Again, this solution would be very expensive in the “EX” version. Furthermore, it generates significant temperature variations capable of causing overheating of the products placed on the storage shelves.
- a third solution consists in positioning an electrical resistance outside the heating cabinet and in heating the contents of the cabinet by means of forced air.
- cold air drawn from the outside heats up when passing over the very high surface temperature resistance, inducing significant energy consumption.
- the distribution of heated air throughout the cabinet is channeled through ducts.
- the resistor is generally installed at the top of the cabinet outside of the latter to avoid reducing the storage capacity of the cabinet.
- the heating device intended in particular for domestic applications, such as the heating or drying of clothing, consists of electrical resistances housed in an insulating box, the heating operating by blowing air by means of 'a fan, this air being heated by passage through the heating device.
- heating elements consisting of electrical resistances, in the form of helical coils, are fixed to the wall above a cabinet so as to extend above the wall used to delimit the heating enclosure, a fan being provided in this compartment. Again, the heating is effected by blowing hot air, the air heating up in contact with the electrical resistances.
- Patent US-A-4,585,923 describes a heating cabinet, the heating element of which consists of a heating rod bent in meanders. This rod, which has two electrical and / or mechanical connection points to the cabinet, is arranged so as to be spaced from the walls of the heating enclosure. Air passages are provided between the heating enclosure and the compartment containing the heating element.
- heating cables are arranged between the outer and inner walls of said cabinet and constitute a source of heat. These cables are in this case inserted into an insulation consisting of glass fibers, the insulation having the function of maintaining the heat developed by the heating cable inside the compartment containing said cables.
- the heating takes place either by heating a supply air, or by means of heating devices positioned in a compartment external to the cabinet and spaced from the walls serving to the delimitation of the enclosure containing the products to be regulated in temperature.
- the objective is to avoid all sources of ignition such as hot surfaces or arcs or sparks of sufficient energy of electrical origin which can cause a risk of explosion.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a heating cabinet whose design of the heating means makes it possible to obtain uniform and substantially homogeneous heating inside the said cabinet, without creating thermal shock, while limiting the space requirement d 'such a heater.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a heating cabinet whose design makes it possible to avoid any direct contact of the heating means with the products. stored inside the cabinet.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a heating cabinet whose design makes it possible to integrate the heating means without having to make a modification of the frame of the cabinet and to allow heating of very varied volumes by adapting the power depending on the geometry of the cabinet.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a heating cabinet whose design allows the installation of such a cabinet in an explosive atmosphere without generating significant additional cost of the assembly.
- Another object of the invention is to provide optimal regulation performance of the heating system by heating cable thanks to the contribution of electronics which allows better management of a controlled system.
- the subject of the invention is a heating cabinet, in particular for maintaining in particular a viscosity index required for their use of liquid materials such as paint, lacquer, coating, varnish or the like, characterized in that it is equipped, in the vicinity of a wall, with a perforated radiant panel at least partially lining said wall, by creating a buffer space between wall and panel, this panel supporting, on its back side facing the wall lined with l 'cabinet, at least one electric heating cable winding in contact along the back of the panel to create 1 inside the cabinet at least by conduction maintaining the temperature of the cabinet within a determined range .
- the subject of the invention is a heating cabinet, in particular for maintaining in particular a viscosity index required for their use of liquid materials such as paint, lacquer, coating, varnish or other, characterized in that it is equipped, at neighborhood of the bottom part, of a perforated radiant panel doubling in vertical plane at least partially said bottom, by creating a buffer space between bottom and panel, this panel supporting, on its back side facing the bottom of the cabinet , at least one electric heating cable winding in contact along the back of the panel to create 1 interior of the cabinet at least by conduction a maintenance of the temperature of the cabinet within a determined range.
- the design of the perforated radiant panel allows thermal transfer of the cable equipping the panel by combined conduction and radiation on said panel then serving as a heat diffusion radiator, the cable having in itself a much too small exchange surface. Furthermore, such an arrangement allows an easy adjustment of the heating power, in particular as a function of the cable length chosen. Finally, the size of such a heating device is extremely small thanks to the use of an extremely flat panel in the vertical position and the positioning of the panel at the rear of the heating cabinet does not cause any discomfort in the handling of the products stored inside the cabinet, or the risk of being polluted by the products contained inside the cabinet.
- the electric heating cable is a self-limiting cable of the type whose heating power is a function of the outside temperature, this cable being compatible with an explosive atmosphere.
- the invention also relates to a radiant electrical panel for a heating cabinet, characterized in that it is arranged to at least partially double a wall of said cabinet, this panel carrying at least one self-limiting heating cable of the type whose power heating is a function of the outside temperature, this cable winding in contact along the face of the panel intended to come opposite the wall of the cabinet so as to create, inside the cabinet at least by conduction , maintaining the cabinet temperature within a determined range.
- the double panel in vertical plane at least partially the bottom of the cabinet, the back of the panel, intended to come opposite the bottom of the cabinet, being equipped with shaped profiles cable ducts to wrap the cable in the laid state.
- Figure 1 shows a schematic rear view of the cabinet, the bottom of the cabinet having been removed to allow viewing of the radiant panel;
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic front view of the cabinet in the open position of the doors fitted to the cabinet
- Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the panel assembled to a frame used to define a chest in the upper part of the cabinet;
- FIGS. 4A and 4B represent a detailed view of FIG. 3 corresponding to the positioning of the troughs and to their possibility of folding back;
- FIG. 5 represents curves of the evolution of the temperature inside the cabinet, as a function of time, these curves corresponding respectively to the evolution of the temperature at the level of the bottom floor, at the level of the middle floor and at the level of the top floor of the ventilated cabinet compared to the ambient outside temperature curve varying between -2 ° C and + 2 ° C;
- FIGS. 6 and 7 respectively represent curves for regulating the interior temperature of a cabinet as a function of time, FIG. 7 corresponding to the state of the art and
- FIG. 8 represents a block diagram of an intelligent electronic card with microcontroller component of the PIC family adapted for an explosive atmosphere.
- the heating cabinet 1, object of the invention is more particularly intended for the storage of liquid materials, such as paint, lacquer, coating, varnish or other packaged generally in pots 9 as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- liquid materials such as paint, lacquer, coating, varnish or other packaged generally in pots 9 as illustrated in FIG. 2.
- Such products require for their use, maintaining at a determined viscosity index, an index which can only be maintained within a determined temperature range.
- heating is therefore to maintain within the storage enclosure a temperature within a predetermined range, preferably of the order of 20 ° C ⁇ 2 ° C, at an outdoor ambient temperature of 0 ° C minimum.
- This cabinet 1 is constituted in a manner known per se of a frame delimiting a storage enclosure of generally parallelepiped shape.
- the front face of the cabinet is closed by means of two doors, the rear face of the cabinet being closed by means of a bottom wall 2.
- this cabinet is equipped, in the vicinity of a wall with a perforated radiant panel 3.
- this wall is formed by the bottom part 2 of the cabinet.
- This panel 3 which may consist of a sheet blank, can be perforated by means of cutouts in said sheet.
- the perforations 3B or openwork can also be produced by other means such as laser cutting, stamping, etc.
- the void area formed by the openwork or perforation is generally between 5 and 15%, and preferably at least equal to 10% relative to the total surface of the panel 3 to prevent a large part of the power of the heating cable from being used to heat the sheet metal panel acting as a radiator.
- the openings or perforations 3B also allow, in the installed state of the panel, air circulation inside the enclosure avoiding any accumulation of air hot in the buffer space 8 which will be described below. These perforations also have the advantage of reducing the total weight of the panel and of optimizing the air exchange surface.
- This buffer space 8 makes it possible to avoid direct contact of the panel with the external cold walls of the heating cabinet so as to avoid loss of efficiency.
- This configuration therefore makes it possible to develop a heat transfer by means of a fair conduction and heat radiation surface around the heating cable and to avoid contact of the heating cable with an external cold wall which is a source of loss of efficiency.
- This panel 3 supports, on its back side 3A, corresponding to the face of the panel opposite the bottom 2 of the cabinet, at least one electric heating cable 4.
- This electrical cable 4 winds in contact along the back 3A of the panel 3 to create inside the cabinet 1 at least by radiation a maintenance of the temperature of the cabinet 1 within a determined range.
- This arrangement of the cable allows efficient heat conduction on the panel 3, preventing the user from direct contact with the heating cable.
- the electric heating cable 4 used is preferably a self-limiting cable of the type whose heating power is a function of the outside temperature, this cable 4 being compatible with an explosive atmosphere.
- a cable is generally used for frost protection or maintaining the temperature of pipes, fittings, measuring circuits or even electrical control cabinets.
- the principle of such a cable is as follows: a resistance varying with temperature is placed between two copper conductors in parallel. The resistance modulates and limits the heat generation of the cable as a function of the ambient temperature. If the ambient temperature increases, the heating power of the cable decreases. This self-limiting behavior prevents overheating even when layered. Thanks to the parallel power supply, the entire heating circuit is subjected to a voltage of 230 Volts.
- this cable is in the form of a tinned copper connection conductor, a self-regulating heating resistor crosslinked in synthetic material, an internal insulation sheath, for example in polyolefin in complete connection with the resistance, an additional insulation sheath, a tinned copper or stainless steel braid and an external protective sheath in fluorinated resin or polyolefin.
- Such self-limiting toric or flat cables in particular in the form of bands, the technology of which is now well known, are in particular manufactured and / or marketed by companies such as RAYCHEM, BARTEC, CETAL, FLEXELEC or ETIREX SA including a reference of the latter is SRL 10-2C.
- this technology is to obtain a cable whose surface temperature remains low and below a predetermined value.
- this cable 4 is connected to an electronic card 12 incorporating means for triggering the heating of the cable as a function of at least one threshold value, this electronic card 12 itself receiving signals from at least one measurement probe. of temperature measuring the temperature inside the enclosure of the cabinet and can control auxiliary outputs such as a fan or information options such as a temperature display.
- This electronic card also has the distinction of being designed according to the additional protection modes "i" intrinsic safety and "m” specific encapsulation for use in an explosive atmosphere.
- this card manages a slave system. It is a 1st order system, that is to say that the relationship between input and output is a 1st order differential equation.
- a widely used existing system is to use an electromechanical thermostat.
- the transient regime is characterized by an unstable index response called overshoot, as shown in Figure 7, i.e. there will be, on the one hand, a systematic overshoot of the high tolerance value, and on the other hand, in steady state, the difference between the set point value of 20 ° C +/- ⁇ t ° C, and the system response will never reach the value 0 at the infinite.
- This one-step response curve corresponding to the desired temperature setpoint, is much more controllable in the electronic application developed as shown in Figure 6 due to the use of either a microcontroller technology, an example of which is given by the PIC family of products (see Figure 8), or of a specific component, an example of which is given by MOTOROLA with the reference UAA2016P.
- the new functions then used for the heated cabinet are as follows:
- a chrono-proportional control (or PWM: draws Width Modulation for microcontroller) which avoids the phenomenon of overstepping the setpoint when heating (transient regime) constantly requesting the heating system and thus creating risks of continual overheating in the heated cabinet.
- the reflection of an “Ex” heating system can advantageously be implemented thanks to the protection modes of type “i” intrinsic safety and “m” encapsulation, the combination of which allows among other things to develop integrated functions for displaying the temperature or information on the operating status by indicator diodes. This type of function is impossible to perform in the “EX” version with the conventional solutions described above.
- the back 3A of the panel 3 is fitted with profiles 5 in the form of a chute serving to wrap the cable 4 in the laid state.
- These chutes 5, more particularly shown in FIGS. 3 and 4A, 4B, are arranged in preferably parallel rows, possibly with variable spacing, in order to obtain a homogenization of the temperature from the bottom to the top of the cabinet 1.
- we generally reduce the spacing between rows in the lower part so as to increase the heating power in the lower part.
- each chute 5 has a marginal foldable edge 5A to wrap each section of heating cable 4.
- the laying principle is as follows: in the open state of the chute 5, as illustrated in FIG. 4A.
- the cable 4 is introduced through the upper part of the chute 5 inside one of said chute. This cable is automatically positioned by gravity at the bottom of the chute. A retraction of the marginal part 5A of the chute is then carried out to enclose the cable section in the chute 5. The installation of such a cable therefore proves to be extremely easy.
- the chute 5 can be produced by means of a folded sheet metal strip and has a marginal edge 5A separated from the rest of the strip by a plurality of slots 6 delimiting a fold line allowing a folding of the marginal edge 5A and its parallel positioning to another previously folded edge of the strip to form a cage inside which is positioned the cable 4.
- These channels 5 allow to promote the heat exchange between cable 4 and panel 3 and increase the heat conduction surface around the heating cable 4.
- the enclosure of the cabinet 1 also includes an internal ventilation 7 at the top to homogenize the temperature of the atmosphere of the enclosure.
- This ventilation 7 is housed inside a trunk formed in the upper part of the enclosure, this trunk forming an air space isolating in the upper part the storage volume of the cabinet from the external atmosphere.
- this box can be delimited by a panel 10 extending substantially perpendicular to the panel 3 and bearing against the top of the panel 3.
- This panel 10 is provided with a rim delimiting the rest of the 'enclosure a closed volume.
- the fan is housed inside this volume. Openings 11 are provided in the panel 10 to allow the circulation of the hot air circulated by the fan 7.
- This arrangement of the ventilation 7 makes it possible to effect forced circulation of the hot air, naturally stored in the upper part of the heated cabinet and redistribute it only within the enclosure.
- the use of internal ventilation makes it possible not to introduce polluted air inside the cabinet and ensures heat homogenization throughout the volume of the heating cabinet in the simplest possible way for a minimum temperature difference between the bottom and the top of the cabinet.
- the ventilation 7 directs the hot air towards the bottom of the cabinet with a sufficient air flow to create an air circulation around the heating panel 3, thus avoiding the storage of hot air in the buffer volume 8 .
- Each radiant panel 3 also constitutes a modular element which can be assembled with a similar contiguous panel to cover the dimensional characteristics of the bottom 2 of a cabinet. This therefore results in the possibility of integrating the same type of heating module (s) without constraint of transformation of an existing cabinet by an external covering. Such a possibility makes it possible to heat very varied volumes by adapting the heating power according to the geometry of the cabinet.
- the design of the radiant electric panel 3 as described above, its combination with a self-limiting cable and its incorporation in a cabinet of the aforementioned type make it possible to obtain an assembly capable of maintaining a temperature within a range predetermined in a storage enclosure while allowing the establishment of such a cabinet inside an explosive atmosphere.
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- Central Heating Systems (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Accommodation For Nursing Or Treatment Tables (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60204979T DE60204979T2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | HEAT CABINET |
EP02788033A EP1442630B1 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | Heating cabinet |
JP2003543353A JP4142583B2 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | Warmer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0114365A FR2832020B1 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2001-11-07 | HEATING CABINET AND MODULAR RADIANT ELECTRICAL PANEL INCORPORABLE IN SUCH A CABINET |
FR01/14365 | 2001-11-07 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003041450A1 true WO2003041450A1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
Family
ID=8869126
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2002/003778 WO2003041450A1 (en) | 2001-11-07 | 2002-11-05 | Heating cabinet |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1442630B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4142583B2 (en) |
DE (1) | DE60204979T2 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2832020B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003041450A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2875368B1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-12-08 | Fillon Investissement | ELECTRICAL HEATING DEVICE |
FR2906352B1 (en) | 2006-09-27 | 2008-12-05 | Aeml | FURNITURE HOT HOUSING HOLDING TEMPERATURE |
CN104815787A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-05 | 合肥顺昌电磁感应科技有限公司 | Metal can coating electromagnetic induction automatic drying heating device |
CN111885753A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-03 | 河北叁暖能源设备科技有限公司 | Carbon fiber heating device based on far infrared radiation heat transfer |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1362218A (en) * | 1959-08-01 | 1964-05-29 | anhydrous operating type incubator for bacteriological research or laboratory work | |
DE2327000A1 (en) * | 1972-12-09 | 1974-12-12 | Wibo Werk | Combined household heater and dryer - has heater in flat box covering housing sidewall |
US4585923A (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1986-04-29 | Binder Peter M | Heating cabinet |
EP0758694A1 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-19 | Chan Chou Ou | A multipurpose dryer |
US6121583A (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2000-09-19 | Alto-Shaam, Inc. | Food warming unit with humidity control |
-
2001
- 2001-11-07 FR FR0114365A patent/FR2832020B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2002
- 2002-11-05 JP JP2003543353A patent/JP4142583B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-11-05 WO PCT/FR2002/003778 patent/WO2003041450A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-11-05 DE DE60204979T patent/DE60204979T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-05 EP EP02788033A patent/EP1442630B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1362218A (en) * | 1959-08-01 | 1964-05-29 | anhydrous operating type incubator for bacteriological research or laboratory work | |
DE2327000A1 (en) * | 1972-12-09 | 1974-12-12 | Wibo Werk | Combined household heater and dryer - has heater in flat box covering housing sidewall |
US4585923A (en) * | 1982-09-23 | 1986-04-29 | Binder Peter M | Heating cabinet |
EP0758694A1 (en) * | 1995-07-25 | 1997-02-19 | Chan Chou Ou | A multipurpose dryer |
US6121583A (en) * | 1999-09-28 | 2000-09-19 | Alto-Shaam, Inc. | Food warming unit with humidity control |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4142583B2 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
EP1442630A1 (en) | 2004-08-04 |
DE60204979D1 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
FR2832020A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 |
FR2832020B1 (en) | 2003-12-26 |
DE60204979T2 (en) | 2006-05-18 |
EP1442630B1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
JP2005509263A (en) | 2005-04-07 |
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