WO2003031653A1 - METHOD OF SELECTING BARLEY VARIETY, BARLEY β-AMYLASE GENE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MALT ALCOHOLIC DRINK - Google Patents
METHOD OF SELECTING BARLEY VARIETY, BARLEY β-AMYLASE GENE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MALT ALCOHOLIC DRINK Download PDFInfo
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- WO2003031653A1 WO2003031653A1 PCT/JP2002/010298 JP0210298W WO03031653A1 WO 2003031653 A1 WO2003031653 A1 WO 2003031653A1 JP 0210298 W JP0210298 W JP 0210298W WO 03031653 A1 WO03031653 A1 WO 03031653A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12N9/2405—Glucanases
- C12N9/2408—Glucanases acting on alpha -1,4-glucosidic bonds
- C12N9/2411—Amylases
- C12N9/2425—Beta-amylase (3.2.1.2)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
- A01H1/045—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection using molecular markers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H5/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their plant parts; Angiosperms characterised otherwise than by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H5/10—Seeds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/4624—Hordeum vulgarus [barley]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P19/00—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals
- C12P19/22—Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals produced by the action of a beta-amylase, e.g. maltose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
- C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
- C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
- C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
- C12P7/14—Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of microorganisms or re-use of microorganisms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/34—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
- C12Q1/40—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase involving amylase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
- C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12Y302/01002—Beta-amylase (3.2.1.2)
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for selecting a barley variety having high fermentability and a method for producing a malt alcoholic beverage using the barley.
- barley breeding has been performed using traditional crossing techniques. In other words, individuals with different genotypes are crossed, and a desired line is selected for the obtained progeny line based on cultivation characteristics such as agricultural characteristics, environmental adaptability, disease resistance, etc., and the selected lines are selected.
- cultivation characteristics such as agricultural characteristics, environmental adaptability, disease resistance, etc.
- fixed barley can be obtained by cultivating the barley. This process usually takes 5 to 6 years, and after that, it is necessary to select only barley varieties with better brewing characteristics from the genetically fixed barley described above. It took a huge amount of time to select barley suitable for the meal.
- barley In addition, such breeding of barley must be carried out by breeders based on their experience.In order to select barley that is considered to have excellent brewing characteristics, the subjective judgment of experienced breeders is required. Breeding was required.
- Barley which is used as a raw material for malt alcoholic beverages such as beer and low-malt beer, contains saccharifying enzymes such as ⁇ -amylase and monoamylase. During saccharification, carbohydrates in barley seeds are decomposed into low molecular weight saccharides by the action of these saccharifying enzymes.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and has high heat stability in order to enhance saccharification efficiency in producing malt alcoholic beverages.
- the present inventors have found a native barley having i3-amylase having high thermostability, and confirmed that the structural gene of the monoamylase is a novel gene. This led to the completion of the present invention.
- the crude enzyme solution is added at 55 ° C. to 58 ° C. It is preferable to perform a heat treatment at a predetermined temperature within a range of 10 minutes to 60 minutes for a predetermined time, and particularly preferably to heat-treat the crude enzyme solution at 57.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. is there.
- the gene region to be amplified in the gene amplification step is a gene region containing the barley / 3-amylase gene second etason, and in the gene detection step, the restriction enzyme is MspI.
- the gene is detected under such conditions, and when the novel] 3-amylase of the present invention is detected, the detected gene fragment contains a 53 bp fragment while the known ⁇
- the amylase gene is detected, a gene fragment having a size larger than 53 b ⁇ is detected.
- the barley 3-amylase gene of the present invention is characterized by including the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing.
- the barley / 3-amylase gene of the present invention may be composed of a part of the nucleic acid sequence.
- a malting step of malting the barley selected by the barley variety selection method to obtain malt A charging step of saccharifying the malt to obtain wort,
- Figure 1 is a graph showing heat inactivation curves of ⁇ -amylase contained in seeds of various barley lines.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the nucleotide sequence of the known seed-expressed 3-amylase gene portion and the nucleotide sequence of the novel ⁇ -amylase gene of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is an electrophoresis photograph showing the CAPS polymorphism of the] 3-amylase gene of various barleys.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing the thermal stability of ⁇ -amylase extracted from Schooner X CS 188 cross F2 seeds.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing a saccharification process diagram and a heat inactivation curve of an amylase in the production of a malt alcoholic beverage.
- the heat treatment step according to the present invention is a step of heat-treating a crude enzyme solution extracted from seeds of barley to be selected (hereinafter, referred to as test barley).
- the growth stage of the test barley seeds according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but preferably fully-ripened barley seeds are used.
- the barley tissue to be used is not particularly limited, but specifically, for example, an endosperm tissue can be used.
- an endosperm tissue By using the endosperm tissue, the portion containing the embryo of a single seed can be germinated and grown, and by selecting the
- the method for extracting the crude enzyme solution is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the activity of amylase.
- a 50 mM acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 10 mM dithiothreitol may be used.
- the extraction solution extracted using 5.5) may be centrifuged, and the supernatant may be used as a crude enzyme solution.
- the crude enzyme solution is preferably heat-treated at a predetermined temperature in a range of 55 ° C to 58 ° C for a predetermined time in a range of 10 minutes to 60 minutes.
- the crude enzyme solution is subjected to a heat treatment at 57.5 ° C. for 30 minutes, but is not limited to the conditions of the temperature and the time, and may be performed under other conditions.
- the activity measuring step according to the present invention is a step of measuring the enzymatic activity of enzyme in the heat-treated crude enzyme solution.
- the method for measuring the activity of 3-amylase contained in the crude enzyme solution that has been heat-treated in the heat treatment step is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known method.
- the measurement may be performed using a BETAMYL kit (manufactured by MegaZym Co., Ltd.), which is an activity measurement kit using P-nitrophenylmaltopentanoside as a substrate.
- Dichlorophenyl 3-maltopentaside manufactured by Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.
- reacting the substrate with a crude enzyme solution at 37 ° C to measure the amount of dichlorophenol produced.
- the remaining activity is 85 to
- -amylase gene whose base sequence is already known in the seed-expressed monoamylase gene (hereinafter referred to as “-amylase gene”) (SEQ ID NO: 2 in the sequence listing)
- the present inventors have determined that the corresponding [3-] A novel amylase gene that differs from the amylase gene by at least one base was found (SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing).
- the nucleic acid of SEQ ID NO: 1 shows the nucleotide sequence of the second exon of the novel 0-amylase gene, and 290 to 68 of the known ⁇ -amylase gene having the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2
- the eighth base indicates the second ethathon.
- the present inventors have found that this novel amylase gene region type and ⁇ -amylase thermostability match. Therefore, by analyzing the 3-amylase gene extracted from barley by the method for selecting barley varieties of the present invention, it becomes possible to select barley varieties having 3-amylase with high heat stability. . Specifically, since there is a restriction enzyme cleavage site that is generated or eliminated due to a difference in the nucleotide sequences of both, the ⁇ -amylase gene extracted from the test barley is recognized or cleaved at the restriction enzyme cleavage site. Barley varieties can be identified by cutting with restriction enzymes and comparing the cutting patterns.
- the gene amplification step according to the present invention is a step of amplifying a] -amylase structural gene region from genomic DNA extracted from a test barley seed.
- the method of extracting genomic DNA from the test barley is not particularly limited, and can be performed by a known method. Specifically, for example, the CTA method (Murrayetal., 198, Nuclear A 8: 4 3 2 1 — 4 3 2 5) or E thidi um b 1 omide method (V aradarajanand Prakash 1
- novel / 3-amylase gene according to the present invention is a novel gene discovered by the present inventors, and compared with the known i3-amylase gene, the barley ⁇ -A It is characterized in that the 25th base ⁇ of the second exon of the millase gene has been replaced with C. By this base substitution, a cleavage site of the restriction enzyme MspI that was not present in the known e-amylase gene was generated. As a result, the gene amplification product was converted to Msp
- the method for amplifying the monoamylase structural gene is not particularly limited, and it can be carried out by the following methods: S, for example; Where P C
- the base sequence of the primer used in the R method is not particularly limited as long as it is set in a region capable of amplifying the ⁇ -amylase gene.
- the number of bases is preferably 10 to 60 continuous bases, and more preferably 15 to 30 continuous bases.
- the GC content in the nucleotide sequence of the primer is 40 to 60%.
- the region amplified in this step is preferably a region relating to CAPS strength discovered by the present inventors.
- the ⁇ -amylase genomic structural gene translation initiation codons 1 to 12 32 b ⁇ region are amplified by PCR and cut with the restriction enzyme MspI to obtain 866 bp and 313 bp. ⁇ A region related to a CAPS marker characterized in that a 53 bp nucleic acid fragment is formed.
- the region to be amplified in the gene amplification step according to the present invention is a region containing the 25th base of the / 3-amylase gene second etason, from the translation initiation codon 1 to 1232 bp. The range may be narrow, for example, the ⁇ -amylase gene is preferably the second etason.
- the gene detection step according to the present invention is a step in which the i3-amylase structural gene amplified in the gene amplification step is cleaved with a restriction enzyme to detect a gene fragment having a predetermined number of bases.
- the novel J3-amylase gene according to the present invention has a difference in base sequence from the known] 3-amylase gene. Therefore, the amplified product is amplified using a restriction enzyme that recognizes or cleaves the difference. Upon cleavage, differences in the size of the resulting nucleic acid fragments can be seen.
- the restriction enzyme according to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it recognizes or cleaves the above-mentioned different portion, but the restriction enzyme M which has already been found to have such an action is used. It is preferably spI.
- a gene fragment having a predetermined number of bases is a gene fragment in which, due to the presence of the difference, the size of a nucleic acid fragment obtained by cleaving an amplified product with a restriction enzyme is different.
- the number of bases is not particularly limited.
- the region to be amplified is a region relating to the above-mentioned CAPS marker, and MspI is used as the restriction enzyme
- the predetermined base numbers are 8666 bp, 313 bp and 53 bp.
- 3-amylase gene contains, as described above, Since the base is A, it is not cleaved by MspI. That is, as shown in FIG.
- the 53 bp nucleic acid fragment to be generated by the MspI treatment was not generated, and the 3666 bp and 86 Only two nucleic acid fragments of 6 bp are generated.
- the detection in this step is not particularly limited as long as it can detect a nucleic acid fragment cleaved by a restriction enzyme.
- a restriction enzyme specifically, for example, by agarose gel electrophoresis or polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis You just have to detect it.
- the selection step of the present invention is a step of selecting a predetermined barley variety based on the number of bases of the gene fragment detected in the gene detection step.
- the number of bases of the nucleic acid fragments detected in the gene detection step may be compared to select a barley variety in which the nucleic acid fragment having the desired number of bases has been found.
- the barley 3-amylase gene of the present invention includes a nucleic acid having a base number of 123 bp as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 in the sequence listing.
- the gene is a genomic DNA encoding a 3-amylase having high thermostability, and a nucleic acid comprising a part of this nucleotide sequence is also included in the present invention.
- the nucleic acid comprising a part of the barley; 3-amylase gene of the present invention preferably satisfies the following conditions. That is, known - amylase gene (Harunanijo) counted from the start codon 2 9 lbp of A Gazi, the A force of 2410Bp, the G forces 3216Bp, the C power ST of 3438Bp, C forces the 3493bp It is preferable that T is substituted for G at 3598 bp, and T is substituted for C at 3696 bp.
- the malt alcoholic beverage according to the present invention is not particularly limited in the proportion of malt used in its production, and may be any alcoholic beverage produced using malt as a raw material. Specific examples include beer and low-malt beer (malt alcoholic beverages with a malt use ratio of less than 25%).
- the malting step according to the present invention is a step of obtaining malt by malting the barley selected by the above-described method for selecting a barley variety. Except for using the barley selected as described above, the method of malting is not particularly limited and may be performed by a known method.Specifically, for example, the steeping degree is 40 to 45%. After immersion, malt can be obtained by germination at 10 to 20 ° C for 3 to 6 days and roasting.
- the charging step according to the present invention is a step of saccharifying the malt to obtain wort. Specifically, it is further divided into the following first to fourth steps. That is, the first step is a preparation step of mixing a raw material containing malt and brewing water, saccharifying malt by heating the obtained mixture, and collecting wort from the saccharified malt. is there.
- the malt used in this step is preferably one obtained by giving water and air to barley to cause germination, drying and removing radicles.
- Malt is wort It is a major source of starch as a source of enzymes required for production and as a raw material for saccharification.
- germinated malt is roasted for wort production in order to impart the flavor and pigment peculiar to malt alcoholic beverages.
- auxiliary materials such as hops, corn starch, corn grits, rice, and sugars may be added.
- a commercially available or separately prepared malt extract may be mixed with the water for charging, and the wort may be obtained by adding the auxiliary material as needed.
- the malt is added to the brewing water and then mixed.
- the preparation water is not particularly limited, and water suitable for the malt alcoholic beverage to be produced may be used.
- saccharification may be performed under known conditions.For example, it is preferable to heat the mixed malt and charging water to 65 to 75 ° C., whereby malt saccharification is performed. Saccharification by amylase proceeds. The wort is obtained by filtering the malt saccharified solution thus obtained.
- the second step is a fermentation step in which yeast is added to the wort and fermented to obtain a malt alcohol beverage intermediate product.
- the yeast used here may be any liquor yeast that performs so-called alcohol fermentation that metabolizes the sugar content in the wort obtained by saccharification of the malt to produce alcohol, carbon dioxide, and the like. Fermentation, for example, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Saccharomyces pedophile, etc., is performed by cooling the wort obtained in the above charging step and adding the yeast to the wort.
- the fermentation conditions are basically the same as known conditions.
- the fermentation temperature is usually 15 ° C or lower, preferably 8 to 10 ° C, and the fermentation time is preferably 8 to 10 days.
- the third step is a storage step of storing the malt alcoholic beverage intermediate product obtained in the fermentation step.
- the fermented liquor after the completion of alcohol fermentation is transferred to a closed tank and stored.
- the storage conditions are basically the same as known conditions.
- the storage temperature is preferably 0 to 2 ° C
- the storage time is preferably 30 to 90 days.
- the fourth step is a filtration step of filtering the intermediate malt alcoholic beverage obtained in the alcohol storage step to obtain a malt alcoholic beverage.
- the filtration conditions are basically the same as known conditions.
- diatomaceous earth, PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone), silica gel, cellulose powder, etc. are used as filtration aids, and the temperature is 0 ⁇ 1 ° C. Done in In this way, a malt alcoholic beverage (eg beer or low-malt beer) is obtained.
- the filtered malt alcoholic beverages are sent to tanks, barrels, bottles or cans as they are, or after aseptic filtration or heat treatment.
- a malt alcoholic beverage was produced using the barley selected in this way, and a fermentation efficiency measurement test was conducted. As a result, it was found that the final appearance fermentation degree was improved.
- the final degree of appearance fermentation refers to the percentage of wort extract used in fermentation expressed as a percentage.
- a malt alcoholic beverage according to the method for producing a malt alcoholic beverage of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fermentable sugar with high efficiency in the preparation step, and to perform fermentation using the wort.
- carbohydrates in barley are converted to alcohol with higher efficiency than before.
- the starch decomposition efficiency during the saccharification process is increased, and fermentable low-molecular-weight sugars are generated more. It becomes possible.
- the breeding method is not particularly limited, and can be performed using a known method.
- barley 3-amylase gene of the present invention there is a possibility that barley containing ⁇ -amylase having high thermostability using a gene recombination technique can be produced.
- the method for introducing the barley i3-amylase gene of the present invention into barley is not particularly limited, and it can be carried out by a known method.
- amylase activity was measured using p-nitrophenyl manoleto pentaoside (BETAMYL kit; manufactured by Megazim) as a substrate.
- BETAMYL kit p-nitrophenyl manoleto pentaoside
- 01 was added and reacted for exactly 5 minutes.
- the reaction was stopped by adding 150 ⁇ l of a 1% Tris solution to the reaction solution.
- the reaction solution 100 ⁇ 1 was transferred to a multiplate, and Abs 405 was measured using a BIO-RAD plate reader.
- the value of the treated plot divided by the value of the untreated plot was divided by a value of 850% to confirm that the / 3_ amylase enzyme of CS188 was present in the seeds.
- CS188 selected from barley genetic resources is composed of conventional barley (Haruna ni-jo (A type), R obust (BII type), Harrington (BI type), Schooner (C-type)).
- the types A, B and C are defined as having a residual activity of 35% or more when a crude enzyme solution extracted from barley is subjected to a heat treatment at 57.5 ° C. for 30 minutes. Those were classified as type A, those with 1035% as type B, and those with less than 10% as type C.
- type B was further classified into two types based on the isoelectric point of one amylase contained in barley, and the type having a band of p i 6.5 was classified as B I, and the type having no band was classified as B I I.
- the genomic DNA of the 3-amylase gene extracted from CS188 was decoded by the dye terminator method. As shown in Fig. 2, the base at 2991 bp from the translation initiation codon is ⁇ in the case of a known ⁇ - On the other hand, in the [3-amylase gene isolated from CS188, it was changed to C, confirming that the nucleotide sequence CCGG, which is a recognition site of the restriction enzyme MspI, was formed.
- Genomic DNA was extracted by SDS-propanol method from Cs188 and the sprouting green leaves of normal varieties, and this was designated as N-type DNA and the 5'-primer (5, -A
- 3'-primer 5 CACTCACGATGAATTCTCCGATGCCTGGGA-3': SEQ ID NO: 4
- 50 M each, add 1 ⁇ l of DNA, premix ExTaq and calcine 50 ⁇ 1 scale PCR was performed at 94 ° C. for 1 minute, at 55 ° C. for 2 minutes, at 72 ° C. for 3 minutes: after 30 cycles, at 72 ° C. for 7 minutes.
- 5 ⁇ l of the obtained PCR product was digested with restriction enzyme ss ⁇ I, electrophoresed on a 3% Nusieve (Takara Shuzo) gel, and the band type was observed.
- the annealing conditions in the above-mentioned PCR method were from 50 ° C to 65 ° C.
- i3-amylase gene In the i3-amylase gene extracted from normal barley, two bands, 8666 bp and 3666 bp, are formed by the Msp I restriction enzyme recognition site near 3667 bp from the 5 'end.
- 3-amylase gene has a specific MspI restriction enzyme recognition site near 313 bp in addition to the MspI restriction enzyme recognition site near 366 bp. Three bands of 6 bp, 313 bp and 53 bp were formed. Therefore, in the electrophoresis image, as shown in FIG. 3, a highly thermostable-amylase trait could be selected based on the difference in the band position between 3667 bp and 314 bp.
- the marker used for electrophoresis was 100 bp ladder DNA.
- the homozygous CS188 gene showed the same level of activity as CS188, and the homozygous Schooner lost activity similarly to the Schooner.
- the Hetero type showed intermediate thermal stability. Therefore, it was confirmed that the polymorphism of the j8-amylase structural gene can be used as a selection index for thermostability of monoamylase.
- High heat stability CS—188 which is confirmed to be amylase barley, and
- wheat germinated at 15 ° C for 6 days, and then roasted to obtain malt. After the malt was crushed, wort was produced in the saccharification step shown in the diagram in FIG.
- the barley] 3-amylase gene and the method for producing a malt alcoholic beverage the heat stability is improved in order to enhance the saccharification efficiency in producing a malt alcoholic beverage.
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CA002462842A CA2462842A1 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2002-10-02 | Method of selecting barley variety, barley .beta.-amylase gene and process for producing malt alcoholic beverage |
EP02800751A EP1452607A4 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2002-10-02 | METHOD FOR SELECTING BARLEY VARIETY, BARLEY BETA-AMYLASE GENE, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGE DRINK |
JP2003534623A JP4101757B2 (ja) | 2001-10-04 | 2002-10-02 | 大麦品種の選抜方法、大麦β−アミラーゼ遺伝子及び麦芽アルコール飲料の製造方法 |
AU2002335181A AU2002335181B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2002-10-02 | Method of selecting barley variety, barley beta-amylase gene and process for producing malt alcoholic drink |
US10/490,378 US7465557B2 (en) | 2001-10-04 | 2002-10-02 | Method of selecting barley variety, barley β-amylase gene and process for producing malt alcoholic drink |
US12/147,280 US20090035415A1 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2008-06-26 | Method of selecting barley variety, barley beta-amylase gene and process for producing malt alcoholic beverage |
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US12/147,280 Division US20090035415A1 (en) | 2001-04-10 | 2008-06-26 | Method of selecting barley variety, barley beta-amylase gene and process for producing malt alcoholic beverage |
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JP4258470B2 (ja) * | 2002-06-11 | 2009-04-30 | 日本精工株式会社 | 車両ステアリング用伸縮軸、及びカルダン軸継手付き車両ステアリング用伸縮軸 |
BR112012008862A2 (pt) | 2009-10-16 | 2019-09-24 | Merck Sharp & Dohme | métodos para produzir uma glicoproteína recombinante e uma eritropoietina humana madura, e, composição |
US11129401B2 (en) | 2015-11-24 | 2021-09-28 | Firmenich Sa | Glucosylated terpene glycosides |
CN114350471B (zh) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-05-30 | 黑龙江敬众堂生物科技有限公司 | 一种配制酒及其生产方法 |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0704540A2 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-03 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd. | Variety classification method for barley or malt using gene diagnosis and the primer used therefor |
WO1999000514A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd. | A method for identifying a barley variety and a barley having a brewing property |
-
2002
- 2002-10-02 US US10/490,378 patent/US7465557B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-02 EP EP02800751A patent/EP1452607A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-10-02 CA CA002462842A patent/CA2462842A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-10-02 AU AU2002335181A patent/AU2002335181B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-10-02 JP JP2003534623A patent/JP4101757B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-10-02 WO PCT/JP2002/010298 patent/WO2003031653A1/ja active IP Right Grant
-
2008
- 2008-06-26 US US12/147,280 patent/US20090035415A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0704540A2 (en) * | 1994-09-29 | 1996-04-03 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd. | Variety classification method for barley or malt using gene diagnosis and the primer used therefor |
WO1999000514A1 (en) * | 1997-06-26 | 1999-01-07 | Sapporo Breweries Ltd. | A method for identifying a barley variety and a barley having a brewing property |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
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ERKKILA M.J. ET AL.: "Allele-dependent barley grain beta-amylase activity", PLANT PHYSIOL., vol. 117, no. 2, 1998, pages 679 - 685, XP002961797 * |
KIHARA M. ET AL.: "Geographical variation of beta-amylase thermostability among varieties of barley (Hordeum vulgare) and beta-amylase deficiency", PLANT BREEDING, vol. 118, no. 5, 1999, pages 453 - 455, XP002961796 * |
KIHARA M. ET AL.: "Studies on breeding of beta-amylase activity in barley. 1. Variation of thermostability of beta-amylase among barley varieties and direct selection of malting quality", vol. 48, no. 1, 1998, pages 153, XP002961795 * |
See also references of EP1452607A4 * |
YOUICHI TSUCHIYA ET AL.: "Identification of malting barley varieties by genome analysis", J. FERMMENT BIOENG., vol. 79, no. 5, 1995, pages 429 - 432, XP000604797 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4101757B2 (ja) | 2008-06-18 |
EP1452607A1 (en) | 2004-09-01 |
JPWO2003031653A1 (ja) | 2005-01-27 |
CA2462842A1 (en) | 2003-04-17 |
EP1452607A4 (en) | 2005-06-22 |
US20050053934A1 (en) | 2005-03-10 |
US20090035415A1 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
US7465557B2 (en) | 2008-12-16 |
AU2002335181B2 (en) | 2007-04-05 |
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