WO2003013709A2 - Dispositif de dispersion ultrasonore de fluides en ecoulement - Google Patents

Dispositif de dispersion ultrasonore de fluides en ecoulement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2003013709A2
WO2003013709A2 PCT/EP2002/007086 EP0207086W WO03013709A2 WO 2003013709 A2 WO2003013709 A2 WO 2003013709A2 EP 0207086 W EP0207086 W EP 0207086W WO 03013709 A2 WO03013709 A2 WO 03013709A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dispersing device
membranes
ultrasonic dispersing
designed
concentrators
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/007086
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Winkelmann
Georgij Nikolajewitch Tchervonenko
Mikhail Tchervonenko
Original Assignee
Future Tec Gbr
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Future Tec Gbr filed Critical Future Tec Gbr
Publication of WO2003013709A2 publication Critical patent/WO2003013709A2/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/26—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating
    • A23L3/30—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by irradiation without heating by treatment with ultrasonic waves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/84—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations for material continuously moving through a tube, e.g. by deforming the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J19/10—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/06—Mixing of food ingredients
    • B01F2101/07—Mixing ingredients into milk or cream, e.g. aerating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/22—Mixing of ingredients for pharmaceutical or medical compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2101/00—Mixing characterised by the nature of the mixed materials or by the application field
    • B01F2101/505—Mixing fuel and water or other fluids to obtain liquid fuel emulsions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
    • B01J2219/00164—Controlling or regulating processes controlling the flow

Definitions

  • the submitted invention relates to the field of ultrasound technology and can be used to homogenize heavy fuels or milk, to process high-quality water-fuel emulsions for diesel engines, the firing systems of thermal power stations and heating oil-fired boiler systems, to sanitize drinking water, juices and other liquid foods, for production high quality paints, lubricants, emulsions and suspensions of food, feed, pharmaceutical and other substances, in the chemical industry to intensify chemical reactions and to represent new types of compounds; in primary petroleum processing to increase the yield of light fuels, the preparation of stable drilling fluids and for other similar technologies.
  • a device for ultrasonic emulsification (Japanese Patent Application No. 62-57375, cl. B 01 F 11/02, published in 1987) is known which consists of a vibrator with plates, one of which is designed as a unit with a concentrator with an axial opening is.
  • the disadvantages of this device include the low performance, the poor quality of the emulsions produced and the high energy expenditure due to a low electrical-acoustic efficiency.
  • the device applied for comes closest to a device for the ultrasonic treatment of liquids (patent of the Russian Federation No. 2 061 537, cl. B 06 F 11/02, published in B! No. 16 of June 10, 1996), the contains a piezotransmitter (vibrator) reinforced by a stud with an axial opening and connected to the generator, with two symmetrically and coaxially arranged concentrators, which are designed as a unit with plates and axial openings with diaphragms at the outlet end faces and openings in them.
  • the decisive advantage of the invention submitted is the substantial improvement in the cavitation treatment of the liquid flowing through the vibrator and in the improvement of the energetic characteristics of the system, as well as the possibility of subjecting liquids with a high temperature to the cavitation treatment.
  • Fig. 1 shows the basic variant of the device with four cavitation zones and a detailed description of the basic vibration system.
  • Fig. 2 shows the modification of the basic version with two focusing devices.
  • Fig. 3 shows the design of the slot and ring-shaped column of the modification according to Fig. 2 on a large scale.
  • Fig. 4 shows the modification of the basic variant with two half-wave resonators, two high-frequency transmitters on the end faces, four sound-permeable screens with grooves in the surfaces in Form an Archimedean spiral using a cavitation activator.
  • Fig. 5 shows the modification with a high-frequency transmitter, which is arranged within the concentrators.
  • Fig. 6 shows the modification for the cavitation treatment of a hot liquid.
  • Fig. 7 shows the variant for the cavitation treatment of a hot liquid with half-wave attachments and eight cavitation zones.
  • the device (see Fig. 1) is a piezotransmitter (vibrator) connected to a generator (not shown in Fig. 1) with plates that are designed as a unit with the concentrators 1 (e.g. step concentrators) with a variable internal cross section and is reinforced (tensioned) with a stud screw 2 with the axial bore 3, which has a continuation in the axis of the concentrator 1.
  • the piezoceramic plates 4 and the piezoceramic disc of electro-acoustic feedback 5 are mounted on the ⁇ ⁇ • screw 2 into a package and from this, insulated by the insulation bushing to the current carrying electrodes, the radiators.
  • the resonance membranes 8 with the flow openings 9 in the side surfaces at the level of the flat inner surface of the membranes 8 are acoustically rigid and detachably attached to the output end faces of the concentrators 1 and form between the side surface of the resonance membranes 8 and the inner surface of the inserts 10, which in the node surface of the Concentrators 1 are attached, the annular gaps 11.
  • the sound-permeable screens 12 (made, for example, of thin plastic) form the slit-shaped gaps 14 with the axial openings 13.
  • the package of piezoceramic material 4 and 5 is protected by the housing 15. The tightness of the construction is ensured by the sealing rings 16 made of rubber.
  • the liquid to be treated enters and exits the device via the nozzle 17.
  • Fig. 2 shows how the focusing devices 18 are fastened coaxially and symmetrically in the form of rotational paraboloids, which form the focal points at the inlet and outlet of the device, on the inserts 10.
  • the sound-permeable screens 12 are used on both sides of the resonance membrane 8, as is shown on a large scale in FIG. 3.
  • the volume of the concentrators 1 and the half-wave resonators 20 is filled with the cavitation activator 21 (for example a metal network which is represented by the dotted hatching).
  • the high-frequency ultrasound transmitters 22, which are connected to a generator (not shown in FIG. 4), are fastened acoustically rigid to the end faces of the inserts 10.
  • the sound-permeable screens 12 have on their effective side (which faces the membrane 8) in the form of a flat spiral depression (Archimedean spiral).
  • the high-frequency transmitters 22 are arranged within the concentrators 1 and fastened in the pipe pieces 23 screwed into the screw 2.
  • the bores 24 serve to feed the lines to the high-frequency transmitters 22.
  • the thermal protection of the piezoceramic components 4 is ensured in front of the hot liquid flowing through the vibrator by means of the continuous tube 25, on which the reflectors 26 are hermetically attached from both sides.
  • the tightness of the fastening of the reflectors and their acoustic decoupling from the concentrators 1 is ensured by the rubber rings 27.
  • Figure 7 shows a modification of the previous variant (Fig. 6) with the formation of eight cavitation zones with the aid of two half-wave attachments 28 and four resonance membranes 8.
  • the half-wave attachments 28 are screwed onto the resonance membranes 8 and the annular gaps 11 are through the sleeves 29 formed, " which are tightened with the union nuts 30 and sealed with the rubber rings 31.
  • the functional position of all modifications is vertical.
  • the liquid to be treated flows from bottom to top through the vibrator, so that the bubbles created during cavitation do not accumulate in the vibrator.
  • the device works as follows.
  • the generator (not shown in the figure) generates electrical vibrations with the resonant frequency of the vibrator, which are applied to the disks of the piezoelectric component 4, which generates mechanical vibrations. With the aid of the piezoceramic disks of the electroacoustic feedback 5, these vibrations are converted back into electrical vibrations and applied to the generator for automatic phase adjustment of the resonance frequency of the vibrator.
  • the mechanical vibrations generated by the piezoceramic component 4 are amplified by the concentrators 1 and applied to the resonance membranes 8, which are acted upon on both sides with the liquid to be treated.
  • the mechanical vibrations at the resonance frequency are additionally amplified in proportion to the mechanical properties of the membranes 8.
  • the initial mechanical vibrations of the piezoceramic component 4 are amplified several times (depending on the load) and make it possible to virtually completely balance the load (the liquid to be treated) with the vibrator, as a result of which the electroacoustic efficiency of the entire vibration system is increased to almost 100% can.
  • the practically complete comparison of the vibrator with the load is also achieved because the wave dimension ka of the diaphragms 8, which are loaded from both sides (regime of the oscillating piston without shielding), was chosen such that the relative active resistance reached the possible maximum values, which exceed 1, 2 (see LN. Orlov, AA Shabrov. Calculation and planning of antennas from hydroacoustic fish detection stations /russ./, M., Izd-vo "Pistchevaya promyshiennost", 1974, p. 127, Fig. 61, Curve 5).
  • the liquid to be treated enters the vibrator from below via the inlet connection 17, flows through the lower slot-shaped gap 14 and further through the annular gap 11, the through bores 9 and the upper slot-shaped gap 14 and exits via the axial opening 13 in the diaphragm 12.
  • the flow path of the liquid to be treated is marked on Fig. 3 on an enlarged scale with thick arrows. there the liquid to be treated flows through the device practically in constant contact with the solid initiation surface of the resonance membranes 8 and in the immediate vicinity of the solid surfaces of the insert 10 and the diaphragm 12, thereby ensuring a maximum amount of cavitation.
  • the liquid to be treated flows in the vibrator through the axial bore of the upper concentrator 1, the axial bore of the stud screw 2, the axial bore of the upper concentrator 1 and further as described above, but in reverse order.
  • the liquid to be treated flows through the four cavitation zones one after the other over the initiation surface and close to the fixed limits, which ensures high-quality cavitation treatment of the liquid, which is supplemented by the action of the cavitation as it flows through the interior of the vibrator.
  • the above-described process of cavitation treatment of the liquid flowing through can be significantly intensified (see Fig. 2) if the focussing devices 18 are used to generate strong focal points 19 at the entrance and exit of the dispersing device.
  • the slit-shaped gaps 14 are formed by the sound-permeable screens 12 on both sides of the resonance membranes 8.
  • the process of emulsification with ultrasound can be significantly improved if it takes place on a hard surface and under high sound pressures (see ultrasound. Kleine Enzyklopadie / russJ, by IP Golyamina, M-, "Sovetskaya Enziklopediya" 1979, p. 393). Proceeding from this, the registered dispersing device can be designed as an emulsifying device with an interior filled with an emulsifying activator (eg metal mesh) and half-wave resonators, thus doubling the sound pressure.
  • an emulsifying activator eg metal mesh
  • FIG. 5 A simpler variant of the ultrasonic dispersing device for emulsification purposes is shown in Figure 5.
  • the internal volume of the liquid to be treated is reduced to a minimum size, which is of fundamental importance when such devices are used on diesel engines of trucks and buses, since the fuel supply must be switched to pure fuel before the engine is switched off for a long time so that it is during the idle time the emulsion does not separate and water is present in the non-dispersed phase, which is impermissible for the fuel system of a diesel engine.
  • a certain time is required until all of the emulsion supply from the fuel system has been used up, and its amount is determined precisely by the internal volume of the dispersing device.
  • the operating conditions of such diesel engines require the installation of high-frequency transmitters 22 from the inside of the resonance membrane 8 and the guidance of the liquid to be treated in the vibrator through the tubes 23.
  • the inner slot-shaped gap 14 is used as a half-wave gap after the executed higher frequency in order to reduce the load on the high-frequency transmitter 22 and to ensure a doubling of the sound pressure with respect to the higher frequency in the slot-shaped gap 14.
  • Heavy oil is used for marine diesel and the firing of thermal power stations and boiler houses, which is preheated to temperatures of almost 100 ° C for better atomization.
  • the dispersing device shown in Figure 6 is used, where the through-pipe 25 with the reflectors at the ends, which are sealed with the rubber sealing rings 27, is used to protect the piezoceramic components from the hot fuel. This construction protects the piezoceramic component against the risk of overheating and depolarization.
  • the simple treatment shown in Fig. 6 for homogenizing and preparing an emulsion is not sufficient.
  • the device shown in Fig. 7 can be used, in which the liquid to be treated flows through eight cavitation zones in succession and has a certain dwell time in each cavitation zone (in the slot-shaped gap 14) because the liquid is formed by grooves in the form of an Archimedean Spiral is performed.
  • two cylindrical half-shaft attachments 28 are used, which together with the vibrator form a uniform vibration system.
  • the liquid to be treated flows through the pipes 25 and through the eight slit-shaped gaps and passes out of the vibrator into the attachments 28 (and vice versa) through the annular gaps 11 which are formed by the sleeves 29 with the clamping nuts 30.
  • the tightness of this connection is ensured by the rubber sealing rings 31.
  • This dispersing device has excellent opportunities for use in the cracking process in primary petroleum processing to increase the yield of light-colored products.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de dispersion ultrasonore de fluides en écoulement comprenant un goujon fileté renforcé pourvu d'un trou axial ainsi qu'un émetteur piézo doté de deux concentrateurs disposés symétriquement et coaxialement, formant une unité comprenant des plaques, des ouvertures axiales comportant des membranes situées au niveau des faces de sortie des concentrateurs ainsi que des ouvertures ménagées à l'intérieur. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que : les concentrateurs présentent une section transversale intérieure variable ; les faces de sortie des concentrateurs sont soumises à l'action de membranes de résonance, des fentes en forme d'encoche disposées à proximité de ces dernières et parallèlement à celles-ci étant pourvues d'un dispositif central d'admission et d'évacuation du fluide à traiter ; et en ce que des ouvertures d'écoulement sont ménagées sur les surfaces latérales de la fixation des membranes de résonance, au niveau de leur surface plane.
PCT/EP2002/007086 2001-06-26 2002-06-25 Dispositif de dispersion ultrasonore de fluides en ecoulement WO2003013709A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
RU2001117271 2001-06-26
RU2001117271/15A RU2221633C2 (ru) 2001-06-26 2001-06-26 Ультразвуковой диспергатор проточного типа

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2003013709A2 true WO2003013709A2 (fr) 2003-02-20

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PCT/EP2002/007086 WO2003013709A2 (fr) 2001-06-26 2002-06-25 Dispositif de dispersion ultrasonore de fluides en ecoulement

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RU (1) RU2221633C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003013709A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006107894A1 (fr) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-12 Cargill, Incorporated Matiere d'oeuf liquide

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2479343C2 (ru) * 2010-11-18 2013-04-20 Государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Тольяттинский государственный университет" Ультразвуковой диспергатор проточного типа

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2006107894A1 (fr) * 2005-04-04 2006-10-12 Cargill, Incorporated Matiere d'oeuf liquide

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Publication number Publication date
RU2221633C2 (ru) 2004-01-20

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