Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
  • B24C1/08—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for polishing surfaces, e.g. smoothing a surface by making use of liquid-borne abrasives
  • B24C1/083—Deburring
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
  • B24C1/10—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
  • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
  • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
  • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
  • B24C3/325—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks for internal surfaces, e.g. of tubes

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for removing material arranged in the interior of a workpiece according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Components for example for the injection area of internal combustion engines, are often subjected to pulsating loads at comparatively high pressures. For this, these components must be designed to be particularly durable. Burrs, sharp edges and notches in the interior of these components represent a decisive reduction in the fatigue strength. Corresponding to these requirements are clean, burr-free and defined rounded contours required.
• cavities may also have to be created in specific, difficult-to-access areas of the workpiece for certain applications.
• devices and methods are already in use for material-removing processing of workpieces, which process the workpieces by means of a water, laser or plasma jet (cf., inter alia, DE 198 498 72 Ai, and DE 196 482 96 AI, DE 196 192 02 AI and US 4,817,874).
• a water, laser or plasma jet cf., inter alia, DE 198 498 72 Ai, and DE 196 482 96 AI, DE 196 192 02 AI and US 4,817,874
• These devices and methods have in common that, due to the dimensions of the beam generating units that can currently be realized, material of the workpiece can only be removed from the outside. Internal intersections of bores or the like, which are difficult to access, cannot be processed with appropriate devices or methods.
• the object of the invention is to propose a device for the removal of a material arranged in the interior of a workpiece, which can be used especially for internal, difficult to access areas of the workpiece and at the same time ensures an improvement in the fatigue strength of the workpiece.
• a device is characterized in that a straightening unit arranged in the interior of the workpiece is provided for straightening the material jet on a predetermined area of the workpiece.
• the material jet can also be directed onto inner, difficult to access areas such as intersections of bores, undercuts or the like.
• Standard components and comparatively economical consumables are used, which in turn has a positive effect on both the costs and the process reliability of the device according to the invention.
• a beam direction of the material jet is provided essentially between 45 degrees and 180 degrees with respect to a transport direction of the material of the radiation unit, the direction of transport of the material of the radiation unit being directed along a feeder for feeding the material to an outlet opening, nozzle or the like.
• a probe can be provided as the feed element, which is to be introduced into a bore, recess or the like.
• corresponding burrs, sharp edges and / or notches must be removed, preferably at an angle of approximately 90 degrees and / or greater with respect to the direction of transport of the material.
• a correspondingly strongly angled material jet can be generated and directed onto the predetermined areas.
• the material jet has an essentially conical shape.
• Radiation generating unit is at least partially movable. This measure enables the direction of radiation of the material beam to be changed, as a result of which regions of the workpiece of any shape, in particular three-dimensionally formed, can be removed.
• a feed element is the
• Radiation generating unit adapted to a bore, recess or the like into which the feed element is to be inserted.
• An adaptation of at least part of the straightening unit to a bore, recess or the like of the workpiece is advantageous, so that it is relatively easy to insert into the workpiece.
• the shape of the straightening unit is at least partially adapted to the predetermined area of the workpiece.
• the straightening unit preferably comprises at least one reflection element arranged in the beam path of the material beam.
• This reflection element in particular enables a comparatively strong deflection of the material jet and thus an almost arbitrarily orientable material jet for the removal of particularly difficult to access inner areas of the workpiece.
• a radially and / or axially movable reflection element is particularly advantageous. Corresponding movements of the reflection element or the straightening unit, the workpiece and / or the beam generating unit are controlled in particular by means of a control unit in an advantageous manner for the defined removal of the predetermined area.
• the reflection element of the straightening unit consists at least partially of almost wear-resistant material such as Hard metal, in particular ultra-fine grain hard metal, ceramic or the like.
• At least one reflection surface is arranged in a recess of the reflection element.
• the recess is at least designed as a u-shaped, v-shaped, parabolic or comparable recess or as a flattening possibly of a round, polygonal element.
• the reflection element can include, for example: be designed as a flat baffle.
• the reflection element preferably comprises several
• Reflection surface if possible with no adverse effects leads especially for the given area to be removed.
• the recess is designed as a longitudinal recess in the axial direction of the reflection element, e.g. formed as a groove or the like.
• the reflection element can be moved continuously and / or stepwise in the axial direction, so that a defined removal of the material in the predetermined area is made possible even if the reflection element is abraded.
• a continuous and / or stepwise radial rotation of the reflection element can be provided.
• the reflection element can have an almost continuous reflection surface both in the radial and in the axial direction, the reflection surface being able to have any three-dimensional shape which is in particular adapted to the predetermined area.
• a corresponding reflection surface can, if necessary, be scanned or scanned by the material jet during the removal process.
• the material jet comprises at least one fluid jet and / or a solid jet with numerous jet bodies.
• the fluid jet can be designed as a water jet, air jet, oil jet or the like. Especially when using a water jet, subsequent, complex cleaning of the workpiece may be largely avoided. Possibly only a comparatively short flushing of the workpiece with water or compressed air can be provided.
• the radiant bodies are preferably essentially spherical and / or, consist of ceramic, steel, steel shot, sand, quartz, silicate, corundum ' , olivine or the like.
• the radiant elements have a diameter of less than 1 mm, in particular between 70 and 125 ⁇ m.
• the removal effect is advantageously influenced by the addition of a solid jet to a fluid jet.
• the blasting elements are to be designed in such a way that, due to their largely spherical shape, they minimize the abrasion of the reflection element and are largely deformed upon impact, in particular burst or break, and thus retain comparatively sharp edges or become more splintered, as a result of which the predetermined area is additionally removed positively changed and the removal of the reflection element is largely reduced.
• hollow spherical blasting bodies can also be provided for this.
• the surface quality and the removal on the workpiece can be influenced via the grain size of the blasting bodies or the working pressures used. If necessary, a plurality of mutually coordinated processing phases with different working pressures and with different material jets, in particular with different fluids and / or solids with different jet bodies or jet body diameters, are also advantageous.
• At least one fixing element preferably fixes the reflection element on the beam generating unit.
• only one structural unit which includes both the beam generating unit and the straightening unit, can be provided in an advantageous manner. This in particular reduces the design effort for a device according to the invention.
• a largely separately manageable straightening unit or a corresponding reflection element can also be used in addition to the beam generating unit. This measure allows in particular greater flexibility in the removal of the material compared to the previously mentioned variant of the invention.
• At least one protective element is provided for protecting sections of the workpiece that are not to be blasted.
• a corresponding protective element can largely prevent disadvantageous or unwanted removal of the workpiece.
• the reflection element comprises the protective element.
• the transition area of the two recesses can be removed in a defined manner at the same time or thereafter. be rounded off
• an already known injector jet device can be used as the jet generating unit.
• the solid or abrasive material is sucked in via a negative pressure which the fluid jet generates in a mixing chamber and mixed with the fluid jet in a mixing tube or feed element and transported to a nozzle or the like.
• Sto 'is then ffstrahl according to the invention redirected within the predetermined range and directed by means of a reflecting element.
• suspension blasting can also be provided as a variant of injector blasting.
• the jet bodies are mixed together with the fluid and then subjected to pressure together and by means of appropriately aligned openings or "nozzles or the like as a straightening unit, a corresponding material jet is produced according to the invention.
• a device according to the invention can be used both for deburring and / or rounding a predetermined area arranged in the interior of a workpiece and for producing a cavity in the interior of a workpiece.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of Figure 1
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a further device according to the invention with a separate reflection element
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of Figure 4
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional representation of a section of a further device according to the invention
• Figure 6 is a schematic representation of
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic illustration of a further device according to the invention
• Figure 8 is a schematic cross section of a suspension blasting device according to the invention.
• an inventive ejector device is shown schematically, a water jet 1 sucking an abrasive 2 in a mixing chamber 5, so that a mixed jet 3 is generated in a probe 6.
• a material jet 4 emerges from the probe 6 and is directed onto a predetermined area inside a workpiece 8 by means of a reflection element 7.
• the specified area is a relatively difficult to access area, e.g. since a bore 9 through which the probe 6 is to be inserted has a relatively small diameter, for example of a few millimeters.
• a passage from the bore 9 to a second, substantially smaller bore 10 is made with the aid of the device according to the invention.
• the device according to the invention can be used to produce a precisely defined removal or rounding of the transition region of the two bores 9, 10.
• the reflection element 7 is fixed to the probe 6 by means of a holding element 11.
• the device according to the invention can be moved in the axial direction of the probe 6 according to an arrow Pi.
• the device according to the invention can be rotated about the axis of the probe 6 according to an arrow P 2 .
• a control unit not shown, controls the movement of the device according to the invention.
• an annular hollow of the bore 9- can be produced by rotation according to arrow P 2 .
• the bore 9 can also be a blind hole.
• FIG. 2 shows a further device according to the invention, whereby, in contrast to the device according to FIG. 1, no holding element 11 fixed to the probe 6 is provided, but rather a separate baffle plate 12 which is inserted into the workpiece 8 through a second bore 13 ,
• the workpiece 8 according to FIG. -2 is, for example, a so-called rail (pressure accumulator) from the common rail system.
• the rail 8 in particular comprises branches 14, each of which has a bore 15.
• both the bore 13 and the bores 15 are produced by means of machining processes, so that burrs or sharp edges arise in the transition region between the bores 13, 15.
• the probe 6 is inserted into the bore 15 and the baffle plate 12 into the bore 13, so that the material jet 4 is reflected on the baffle plate 12 in such a way that it deburrs or rounds off the transition region in a precisely predetermined manner.
• the impulse effect of the material jet 4 produces a compression of the structure and thus the residual compressive stresses of the workpiece 8 upon impact with the workpiece 8.
• These residual compressive stresses have an advantageous effect when the rail 8 is later used, this being exposed in particular to a pulsating load at comparatively high pressures.
• FIG. 3 there are differently designed baffle plates 12 shown schematically.
• FIG. 3a has both a side view and a front view of a baffle plate 12 with a planar reflection surface 16 oriented perpendicular to the material jet 4.
• the baffle plate 12 according to FIG. 3a largely corresponds to the baffle plate 12 according to FIG. 2.
• the baffle plate 12 according to FIG. 3b is again shown in side and front view and has a planar reflection surface 16, but this is arranged at an angle to the beam direction of the material jet 4.
• FIG. 3c shows a side and front view of a baffle plate 12 with a plurality of planar reflection surfaces 16 aligned perpendicular to the material jet 4.
• the baffle plate 12 according to FIG. 3c can optionally be rotated about the longitudinal axis according to arrow P 4 , so that, for example, if a predetermined abrasion of the baffle plate 12 in the area of the impacting material jet 4 is exceeded, the baffle plate 12 can be rotated and / or displaced along the arrow P 3 ,
• FIG. 3d shows a section of an impact plate 12 with a parabolic reflection surface 16.
• the reflection surface 16 extends in the axial direction of the baffle plate 12.
• FIG. 3e shows a baffle plate 12 with a parabolic longitudinal groove 17, the groove 17 having a U-shaped recess 18 in the area where the material jet 4 strikes.
• the grooves 17 of FIGS. 3d and 3e can be both U-shaped and V-shaped.
• the baffle plate 12 may optionally have a plurality of longitudinal grooves 17 and a plurality of depressions 18, so that numerous impact areas on the Baffle plate 12 can be realized.
• FIG. 4 shows a baffle plate 12 with a blind hole-like depression.
• the blind hole-like depression which can optionally also be formed as a longitudinal groove 17, has the reflection surface 16.
• the material jet 4 is reflected on the reflection surface 16 in such a way that it removes the transition region of the bore 13 and the bore 15 in a predetermined manner.
• FIG. 5 shows a baffle plate 12 with several, in particular. longitudinal grooves 17, wherein due to the rotationally symmetrical design, the baffle plate 12 can be rotated as required by arrow P 4 , so that another groove 17 removes the transition region of the bore 13 and the bore 15.
• the baffle plate 12 can be designed such that a machining process can be provided by rotating the baffle plate 12 according to arrow P 4 .
• the reflection of the material jet 4 is influenced in such a way that the transition region of the bore 15 with the bore 13 can advantageously be removed.
• asymmetrical machining is also possible.
• a plurality of corresponding and / or different contours can preferably be attached in succession in the axial direction on the baffle plate 12.
• FIG. 7 A device according to the invention is shown in FIG. 7, the baffle plate 12 being designed to be comparable to the baffle plate 12 according to FIG. 3b.
• the material jet 4 strikes the reflection surface 16 in such a way that the workpiece 8 is hollowed out on one side.
• the baffle plate 12 can be displaced or rotated according to the arrows Pi or P 2 , so that " also More complex, in particular rotationally symmetrical, hollow shapes can be produced in the workpiece 8.
• the device according to FIG. 7 can also be used to open or connect the bore 9 to form a blind hole, not shown in detail.
• FIG. 8 shows a suspension blasting device, the suspension mixture being transported into the interior of the workpiece by means of a probe 19.
• a communication between the bore 9 and 'the blind hole 10 produced in accordance with Figure 8, at the same time or staggered in a cavity 20 in the interior of the workpiece is generated.
• the probe 19 is shifted or rotated according to the arrows P 2 and / or Pi.
• the workpiece 8 can be a diesel nozzle or the like.
• any shape of the impact elements 7, 12 can be used to remove or round any complex areas inside, in particular in areas of the workpiece 8 that are difficult to access.
• the most complex hollow shapes can be produced by moving the impact elements 7, 12, the workpiece 8 and / or the beam generating unit, in particular by rotating, pivoting and / or scanning corresponding elements.
• the removal is generated by high-pressure water jets, which may have a pressure of up to 8000 bar, the removal effect being increased by adding abrasive additives.
• the impact element 7, 12 is preferably made of a very wear-resistant material or has corresponding inserts or the like.
• connection area in particular the diameter and the geometry, are produced in a predetermined manner.
• the bore transition can 'be advantageously formed almost arbitrarily, in particular round, elliptical or polygonal.
• One possibility is, for example, changing the nozzle geometry and the larger jet diameter generated thereby, it being possible to produce a correspondingly larger bore.
• a conical, defocused material jet 4 can additionally provide the bore transition with an advantageous slope or rounding or the like.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Auxiliary Devices For Machine Tools (AREA)

Priority Applications (3)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=7690606

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (5)

Citations (4)

Family Cites Families (2)

• 2001
  • 2001-07-04 DE DE10132451A patent/DE10132451A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2002
  • 2002-06-06 DE DE50203902T patent/DE50203902D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-06-06 HU HU0400383A patent/HUP0400383A2/hu unknown
  • 2002-06-06 EP EP02742799A patent/EP1406749B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-06-06 CN CNB02813530XA patent/CN100366387C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-06-06 WO PCT/DE2002/002054 patent/WO2003004219A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (4)

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