WO2003000601A1

WO2003000601A1 - System for purifying waste water originating from olive processing by means of aeration, neutralisation, active carbon filtration and ozonisation

Info

Publication number: WO2003000601A1
Application number: PCT/ES2002/000310
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jose Toro Galvez
Original assignee: Jose Toro Galvez
Priority date: 2001-06-25
Filing date: 2002-06-25
Publication date: 2003-01-03
Also published as: ES2182704B1; ES2182704A1

Abstract

The invention relates a system for purifying waste water originating from olive processing comprising the following steps: 1) homogenisation of the process water; 2) homogenisation of the cooking liquor and/or oxidation water; 3) degreasing of the homogenate; 4) neutralisation; 5) flotation; 6) sand bed filtration; 7) active carbon filtration; 8) sand bed filtration; 9) ozonisation; 10) desalination. Said system can be used to produce completely disinfected, clear, odourless water that complies with all legislative standards. Moreover, said system is economical, fast, effective, easy to manage and perfectly compatible with the environment and persons.

Description

WASTE WATER CLEANING SYSTEM FROM THE PROCESSING OF THE OLIVE BY MEANS OF AIR-NEUTRALIZATION-FILTRATION IN ACTIVE CARBON-OZONIZATION

Wastewater purification system from the processing of the olive (entamado plants, dressing and oxidation of green olives and black olive oil extraction plants) where I get a very high degree of elimination of toxic and harmful substances for the environment that They integrate it. It is a system of economic purification, fast, easy to handle, effective and fully compatible with the environment.

BACKGROUND.

Aqueous waste from olive processing plants is

"INDUSTRIAL WATERS LOADED WITH VERY TOXIC ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PARTICLES FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND FOR PEOPLE" impossible to be discharged into public channels or reused in any other possible way, because by environmental legal provisions are incompatible with the environment, making it impossible the development of the life of any type of organism and considerably affecting the surrounding environment.

These residues are very varied and depend on the processing to which they submit the olive, being able to separate into several characteristic types: a. Cooking liquors: These are wastewater from the entailing process of the green olive (washing waters are also included). They are characterized by their high NaOH content, their coloration (red-brown) and their ability to form dense foams. b. Pickles: They are the waters coming from the dressing of the olive. They are characterized by their high salt content and acidity, as well as their yellowing. c. Process waters: These are the waters from the processing and manufacturing of the olive (bottling, boning, filling, crushing, cutting, etc.). They are characterized by their high concentration of dissolved and suspended solids, as well as its high fat and oil content. d. Oxidation waters: They are the wastewater characteristic of the entamado of the olive in its transformation into black olive. and. Alpechines: Wastewater from olive processing in regard to its oil extraction. They are characterized by their high content of fats, oils, polyphenols and solids in suspension and dissolved. All are characterized by having intrinsic parameters such as a BOD5 and COD of 3-40 g / 1, ph 3-12 and a very high electrical condutivity, all due to its high amount of CINa, NaOH, organic acids, polyphenols, fat, suspended and dissolved matter.

Therefore, the need for treatment and purification is obvious.

The current solutions to achieve sufficient parameters for the law to authorize its discharge are void.

The biological treatment for, through the use of microorganisms, to degrade the pollutants and to innocuolize them has not achieved optimal or reliable results, since this type of residue has inhibitory substances (especially polyphenols, high concentration of salt and sodium hydroxide) that affect largely to its basal metabolism, preventing its development and therefore, the oxidation capacity of the pathogenic substances responsible for its toxicity. The most frequent solutions to date are based mainly on the decrease in volume through evaporation and regeneration to obtain reusable liquids, since its composition makes conventional procedures not very useful. As far as the purification system is concerned, only pretreatment stages can be carried out such as the separation of large-sized solids by means of a grid, the decantation of the particles carried in suspension and the correction of the ph by the addition of acid or base strong.

The purification system (aeration-neutralization-filtration in activated carbon-ozonation) is based primarily on a physical-chemical treatment. In what I explain below I demonstrate the achievement of the appropriate discharge parameters to those required by the law in force through a new and effective system whose object I request is authorized by the patent. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The wastewater purification system from olive processing through aeration-neutralization-filtration in activated carbon-ozonation, is based on the following successive stages:

I ^a Homogenization stage for process waters, brines and / or appendages (Figure LA):

The process waters correspond to the process waters in terms of pitting, filling, breaking, cutting, crushing, sorting and packaging of the olive.

The process waters are mixed with the brines and with the apricots in a container where they are homogenized by stirring or aeration. With this stage we achieve that the water to be treated is perfectly mixed and homogenized for its subsequent treatment.

Step 2 homogenizing the cooking liquor and / or water oxidation (Figure

1 B):

As in the previous stage, the cooking liquors and the oxidation waters are mixed in a vessel by stirring or aeration in order to be perfectly homogenized for later use in the following stages.

Stage 3 ^to degrease the homogenate (Figure lC):

The homogenate of the first stage (Figure Í.Al) then passes into a container where microbubbles of air are injected from the base of the bottom which make the less dense solids and the fat matter rise to the surface in the form of a paste which will be removed from the raft by a surface scraper

(Figure 1.C2).

4 ^to neutralization stage (Figure 1.D:

Once this homogenate has been degreased, we mix it (Figure 1Cl) in a container with the homogenate of the second stage (Figure 1Bl) in a certain proportion until neutralization of its ph (6-8) is achieved by forced aeration and stirring for a period from 2 to 12 hours, depending on the COD value of the water at the same time it is mixed.

If, with this mixture of homogenates, a perfect neutralization of the water to be purified is not achieved, we will need to add acids (Figure L. Ac) or bases (Figure L. Ba), such as H2SO4, C1H, Cal, NaOH, etc.

This neutralization and aeration allows the water to be oxidized by its intrinsic microorganisms and also conditions it for later treatment with other chemicals (coagulants and flocculants).

5 flotation stage (Figure LE):

The neutralized obtained from the previous stage (Figure 11) passes into a container where, as in the degreasing stage, microbubbles of air are injected from the base of its bottom, and where it is treated with coagulant (aluminum glyceride) and flocculant ( cationic polyelectroite), (Figure L. Co and Figure 1.F1 respectively).

It is achieved that the matter that still has in suspension is grouped forming flocs that will ascend (float) to the surface of the container where they will be removed by a surface scraper (Figure 1.E.2). 6 ^a Sand bed filtration stage (Figure lF):

The liquid obtained from the previous phase (Figure 1.E.1) will pass to this phase where it will be filtered in a container with a bed of sand thus eliminating the remains of suspended solids that have not been floated.

Step 7 ^to filtering bed of activated carbon (Figure lG): In step 6 ^to obtain yellowish liquid with no visible particulates.

This will pass through a container with activated carbon bed.

The adsorption capacity of this bed causes the removal of possible suspended solids, as well as odors and color.

Step 8 filtration sand bed (Figure 1.H): This step is identical to that described in the 6th stage.

9 ^a Ozonation stage (Figure 11:

The liquid phase obtained in step 8 (Figure 1.H.1) is now subjected to an ozonation process by a system of generation of ozone gas pressure.

This gas is injected through porous diffusers that create a bubble size smaller than a millimeter located in a contact chamber 4 meters deep, facilitating intimate and effective contact between the gas and the liquid.

The effective dose is in the range of 50-500 g of Os / m3 of residue, which depends on the COD value you have before starting this stage.

Gaseous ozone acts as a strong oxidizing agent that destroys and oxidizes the organic and inorganic particles that are still part of this liquid, a chemical process called ozonolysis. The result of this oxidation is as follows:

-Blanks and removes any trace of color that remains in the liquid making it colorless. -Eliminates odorous particles, making it, therefore, odorless.

-Disinfects and therefore eliminates any type of microorganism, be it bacteria, fungus, algae or virus found in the residue.

10 ^a Desalination stage (Figure 10): In this stage the remains of salts that have not been removed in the previous stages are eliminated (this is achieved by using the typical evaporation panels).

The operation of these panels is quite simple; the water obtained in step 9 (Figure 1.1.1) is sprayed on the surface creating an intensive evaporation, due to the drying action that produces the atmospheric air passing through them, and a retentate that still bears salts dissolved, as they solidify and precipitate when separated from the water. We will therefore obtain evaporated water, solidified salts and a small remainder of water with some traces of salt that has not been able to evaporate.

Another option, in the absence of evaporation panels, is the use at this stage of reverse osmosis

Claims

CLAIMS.

1. Wastewater purification system from olive processing through aeration-neutralization-filtration in activated carbon-ozonation, characterized by having the following stages (and in the order that I list them): I ^a Stage of homogenization for waters process, brines and / or apricots.

Step 2 homogenizing the cooking liquor and / or water oxidation.

Stage 3 ^to degrease the homogenate. ^a Neutralization stage.

Step 5 flotation. ^a Filtration stage in sand bed. ^a Filtration stage in activated carbon bed. ^a Filtration stage in sand bed. ^a Ozonation stage. 0 ^to Desalination stage.