WO2003000126A1

WO2003000126A1 - Biophysiological detector

Info

Publication number: WO2003000126A1
Application number: PCT/JP2001/010071
Authority: WO
Inventors: Akihiko Yanaga
Original assignee: Advanced Medical Inc.
Priority date: 2001-06-25
Filing date: 2001-11-19
Publication date: 2003-01-03
Also published as: JP2003000552A; JP4883380B2

Abstract

A biophysiological detector for collecting biophysiological information on a subject by measuring the load on a bed where the subject exists. The load on a bed (1) where the subject exists is measured, the frequency distribution and the magnitude of variation (amplitude) are determined from a waveform indicative of the variation of the measured load and then the biophysiological information on the subject is acquired from these data. More specifically, a frequency appearing noticeably in a first frequency region is regarded as the respiration rate and a frequency appearing noticeably in a second frequency region higher than the first frequency region is regarded as the pulse rate. The subject is judged to be snoring if the variation in a thirst frequency region higher than the second frequency region increases. The subject judged to cough if the variation increases suddenly. Furthermore, the subject is judged to turn from side to side if the variation of the load exceeds a specified level.

Description

Biological physiology detector

Technical field

The present invention relates to a biological physiology detecting device that detects biological physiology information such as a body weight, a respiratory rate, a pulse rate, a cough, and a turn of a subject on a bed.

Akita

Background art

Conventionally, the weight of a subject who is bedridden is measured by placing the subject on a weighing dish with the caregiver's hand, and the change in weight during dialysis is measured by measuring the circulating volume with a dialyzer. Was calculated.

In addition, it was necessary to attach a respiratory sensor and a pulse sensor to the subject for measurement of biological physiology such as respiratory rate and pulse rate. As this kind of living body monitoring apparatus, there is a living body monitoring apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 10-110465 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-129974). This living body monitoring device has a card-type main body, a light-emitting part and a light-receiving part for detecting a pulse wave, an electrocardiogram, an electrode for detecting at least one of body fat percentage and skin resistance, a body temperature and skin. It has a temperature detecting unit for detecting temperature, and a vibration detecting unit for detecting at least one of body surface vibration due to heartbeat or breathing and body movement due to body movement.

However, conventional weight measurement has a problem in that the burden on the caregiver is increased, and when the measurement is performed with the living body monitoring device attached to the body, the troublesomeness of the subject is promoted. is there.

The living body monitoring device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-2299773 determines a blood circulation dynamics such as a pulse rate, a blood pressure value, an arterial stiffness, and a cardiac output of a human body, and detects a signal. Eliminates the discomfort associated with the mounting of the means Displacement sensor (vibration detecting means) for detecting body vibration caused by liquid circulation, calculating means for calculating body vibration characteristics caused by blood circulation of the human body from the detected vibration, and blood circulation of the human body based on the calculated value It is composed of judgment means for judging dynamics.

However, there is a conflicting relationship between the detection capability of the piezoelectric sensor as the vibration detection means and the subject's comfort, and there is a problem that the subject's comfort may become worse in order to increase the detection capability. .

The living body sensing unit attached to the bed of the remote care support system disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-349933 (P2000-349933A) has a predetermined space between the bed base and the mattress unit. It is composed of a plurality of magnetic sensors arranged at intervals and a soft magnetic material sheet arranged above the magnetic sensors. As a result, fluctuations of the living body (movement and heartbeat of the living body due to respiration) are transmitted to the soft magnetic sheet through the mattress portion, and the mechanical movement of the soft magnetic sheet changes the magnetic field, and the magnetic field changes. The change is sensed by the magnetic sensor. Then, when the fluctuation of the magnetic field by the magnetic sensor stops, it is determined that an abnormal situation has occurred, and an alarm is issued via the communication means.

In this reference, since the living body sensing unit must be built in the bed, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost of the bed increases.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-70256 (P2001-70256A), a plurality of load sensors installed under a bedding, inside, or on a surface with a predetermined distribution and outputting a load signal corresponding to an applied load are disclosed. Respiratory signal generating means for generating a respiratory signal corresponding to the respiratory state of the living body based on the plurality of load signals; respiratory state grasping means for detecting the respiratory state of the living body based on the respiratory signal; A living body motor device including a notifying unit for notifying the respiratory state of the living body is disclosed. In addition, this living body monitoring device includes a sleeping posture calculating means for extracting a posture characteristic amount from a load signal to calculate a sleeping posture of the living body, and / or integrating all loads to generate a living posture. A weight calculating means for calculating the body weight is provided.

In this reference as well, as in the above-mentioned reference, a plurality of load sensors must be arranged in a predetermined distribution on the bed, so that the production cost of the bed increases.

U.S.P.No. 5, 47 9 and 93 39 disclose a sleep detecting device. In this method, an infrared sensor or a piezoelectric sensor is provided, and a sleep state of a subject is detected from a signal waveform from the sensor. In this device, since the piezoelectric sensor is disposed directly on the bed, the trouble of the subject is promoted. Disclosure of the invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a living body physiology detecting device that can easily detect the living body physiology information of a subject by measuring the load of a bed on which the subject stays.

In order to achieve this, the present invention measures a load on a bed on which a subject stays; detects a change state of the load from the measurement result; obtains a frequency distribution based on the change state of the load; The magnitude of the load is detected from the measurement result; and the biological physiological data of the subject is obtained from the frequency distribution and the magnitude of the load.

In other words, data such as frequency and magnitude (amplitude) is obtained from the waveform indicating the fluctuation of the measured load, and the physiological information of the subject is obtained based on this data.

Therefore, the present invention provides a load measuring means for measuring a load of a bed on which a subject stays, a load fluctuation detecting means for detecting a fluctuation state of a load measured by the load measuring means, and a load fluctuation detecting means. Frequency distribution calculating means for calculating a frequency distribution based on the fluctuation state of the load detected by the load; A fluctuation amount detecting means for detecting the magnitude of the fluctuation of the load detected by the heavy fluctuation detecting means; a frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means; and a magnitude of the load detected by the fluctuation amount detecting means. Therefore, a biological physiological state detecting means for obtaining biological physiological data of a subject is provided.

Specifically, based on the frequency distribution, a frequency that remarkably appears in the first frequency domain, in other words, a frequency that is greater than or equal to a predetermined value in the first frequency domain, is a fundamental frequency of a respiratory rate. And detect this as the respiratory rate of the subject.

Furthermore, a harmonic component of the fundamental frequency of the respiration is excluded from the frequency distribution, and a frequency remarkably appearing in a second frequency region higher than the first frequency region is defined as a fundamental frequency of a pulse rate. This is detected as the pulse rate of the subject. Further, when the magnitude of the frequency in the third frequency region higher than the second frequency region increases from the frequency distribution, it is detected that the subject is snoring.

When the measured load suddenly increases, it is detected that the subject coughed.

Further, when the amount of change in the load is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, it is detected that the subject has turned over.

Preferably, the load sensor comprises at least four load sensors for measuring the four corner loads of the bed on which the subject stays, and these load sensors are preferably mounted on the legs of the bed.

In addition, the movement of the subject's center of gravity is detected from the detection results of the four load sensors, and the subject's turnover can be detected based on the movement of the center of gravity.

Furthermore, if the subject is not detected to turn over for a predetermined time, it is desirable to issue an alarm-to notify that the subject is in an abnormal state. It is desirable that this detection result be communicated to management centers such as nursing centers, nurse centers, and hospitals via communication means.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

Figure 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a signal processing circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the calculation of the detected value fluctuation waveform in the signal processing according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of the detected value fluctuation waveform (time-series data);

FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a process of detecting biological physiological information according to the embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is a characteristic diagram illustrating an example of frequency analysis;

Figure 8 is a characteristic diagram showing the subject snoring;

Figure 9 is a characteristic diagram showing the subject coughing;

Figure 10 shows the waveform when the subject coughed;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a waveform when a subject turns over; FIG. 12A is a flowchart showing another embodiment for detecting a turn over, and FIG. 12B is a center of gravity. It is explanatory drawing which showed the change of the position.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, the load was measured by the load measuring means 100 for measuring the load of the bed 1 on which the subject stays, and the load measuring means 100 Load fluctuation detecting means 110 for detecting a load fluctuation state; frequency distribution calculating means 120 for calculating a frequency distribution based on the load fluctuation state detected by the load fluctuation detecting means 110; A fluctuation amount detecting means 130 for detecting the magnitude of the fluctuation of the load detected by the load fluctuation detecting means 110; a frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means 120 and the fluctuation amount detecting means A biological physiological state detecting means 140 for obtaining biological physiological data of the subject from the magnitude of the load detected by 140 is provided.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the load on the bed 1 on which the subject stays is measured, the frequency and the magnitude (amplitude) of the variation are determined from the waveform indicating the variation of the measured load, and based on these data. It can obtain the physiological information of the subject.

In addition, the biological physiological state detecting means 140 sets a frequency that remarkably appears in the first frequency region based on the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means 120 as a fundamental frequency of a respiratory rate. In addition to the above, it is desirable to provide a respiratory rate judging means for using this as a subject's respiratory rate.

Further, the physiological condition detecting means 140 removes, from the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means 120, harmonic components of the fundamental frequency of the respiratory rate determined by the respiratory rate determining means. It is desirable to include a pulse rate judging means which sets a frequency which appears remarkably in the second frequency range higher than the first frequency range as a fundamental frequency of a pulse rate and which absorbs the pulse of the subject. No.

Still further, the biological physiological condition detecting means 140 may include, in the frequency distribution calculated by the load frequency distribution calculating means 120, a magnitude of a frequency in a third frequency region higher than the second frequency region. It is desirable to include a snoring determination means for determining that the subject is snoring when the level increases. Further, the physiological condition detecting means 140 may include the fluctuation amount detecting means 130 It is desirable to include a 晐 determination means for determining that the subject coughs when the amount of change in the load detected by によって suddenly increases.

Further, the biological physiological state detecting means 140 includes a turnover determining means for determining that the subject has turned over when the variation in the load detected by the variation detecting means 130 is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. It is desirable to have.

Furthermore, it is desirable that the load measuring means 100 comprises at least four load sensors for measuring the four corners of the bed on which the subject stays. In this case, the biological physiological condition detecting means 1 Reference numeral 40 denotes a center-of-gravity shift detecting means for detecting the shift of the center of gravity of the subject based on load signals from at least four load sensors of the load measuring means 100, and the center-of-gravity shift detecting means detects the shift of the center of gravity. It is desirable to have a turning determination means for determining that the subject has turned over when detected.

Further, it is desirable to include an alarm unit 160 that issues an alarm when the turnover is not detected for a predetermined time by the turnover determination unit.

Furthermore, it is preferable to include a communication unit 150 for transmitting the biological physiological data detected by the biological physiological state detecting unit 140. As a result, biophysiological data can be communicated to the management center 170 of a nursing center, a nurse center, a hospital, etc., and early response is possible.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the embodiment of the present invention, the load detecting sensor 3 (3) for detecting the load on the leg 2 is attached to the end of the four legs 2 of the bed 1 where the subject stays. a, 3 b, 3 c, 3 d) are attached, and the signal from each load detection sensor 3 is transmitted to a signal processing circuit 5 provided in the unit box 4 for processing, and an alarm signal, These are output as communication signals and display signals.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the signal processing circuit 5 adds and amplifies a small signal of a load variation from the load detection sensor 3 (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d). An addition circuit 6 for converting the signal from the addition circuit 6 and the analog signal from the load detection sensor 3 into a digital signal; a digital signal of the load output from the AD conversion circuit 7; A control unit (CZU) 8 that executes predetermined signal processing based on the setting signal from 9 and an external command or the like input through Z or the communication unit 10 and outputs a physiological information signal. A display unit 11 for displaying biological physiological information (weight, respiratory rate, pulse rate, snoring, turning over, etc.) based on the biological physiological information signal from the controller unit 8, and a biological physiological information based on the biological organizing information signal. And an alarm unit 12 that issues an alarm when there is an abnormality.

Further, the processing executed in the control unit 8 will be described. The fluctuation waveform of the detected value is calculated based on the load data Wb detected by the load detection sensor 3. This processing is shown, for example, in the flowchart of FIG. In this flowchart, which is started periodically and continuously from step 40, the detected value Wb is read in step 42, and the detected value Wb is accumulated in step 44. This process is continuously performed for a predetermined time t1 from the start. After the predetermined time t1, the process proceeds to step 48 to calculate a fluctuation waveform (time-series data) of the detected value. The fluctuation waveform (time-series data) of the load obtained in this way is, for example, shown in FIG. Further, the weight of the subject and the change in the weight can be simply measured from the detected value Wb.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 6 shows an example of a biological physiology information detecting process for detecting various biological physiology information from the load fluctuation waveform (time-series data). In the biological physiological information detection process starting from step 50, the fluctuation waveform (time-series data) calculated in the above-described flowchart is read in step 52, and in step 54, for example, the FFT method is used. Therefore, a frequency analysis is performed, and for example, a frequency graph as shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.

Then, in step 56, a prominent frequency is selected in a low frequency band (for example, 0.01 to 1 Hz), and this is detected as the respiratory rate Fb. b is compared with, for example, the previous respiratory rate or a predetermined value. If it is determined that there is no problem (normal), the process proceeds to the next step 60. Also, if the respiratory rate Fb is abnormal, for example, if it is very low or high compared to the previous detection value, if it is much higher or lower than the specified value If so, proceed to step 76 to issue an alarm. In this flowchart, after the alarm is issued in step 76, the process proceeds to step 78 to transmit the data, and that the alarm is issued is transmitted to a nursing center or the like. It may be possible to proceed to step 60 in order to continue.

After the above detection of the respiration rate, in step 60, the pulse rate Fp is detected. In this case, with the respiration rate Fp as the fundamental wave, its harmonic components (two and three times the components) are excluded from the frequency graph as described above, and protrude into a predetermined frequency range (0.5 to 3 Hz). Select the frequency and detect the pulse rate Fp. Then, in step 62, the pulse rate Fp is compared with, for example, the previous pulse rate or a predetermined value, and if it is determined that there is no problem (normal), the process proceeds to the next step 64. move on. In addition, when the pulse rate Fp is abnormal, for example, when it is extremely small or large compared to the previous detection value, when it is very large or small than a predetermined value. If so, proceed to step 76 to issue an alarm. As described above, in this flowchart, after the alarm is issued in step 76, the process proceeds to step 78 to transmit data, and the fact that this alarm is issued is transmitted to a nursing center or the like. However, please proceed to the next step 64 to continue the detection. It is a good thing.

In step 64, snoring is detected. As shown in Fig. 8, when a peak Fs is seen in a high frequency region (1 Hz or more), it is detected as snoring. Then, in step 66, it is determined whether or not this snoring is normal. For example, if snoring is detected at regular intervals and at a certain degree of regularity, it is determined to be normal, and if snoring changes irregularly or abnormally large, or if there is a state where it stops for a predetermined time, Judge as abnormal. As a result, if normal, the process proceeds to the next step 68, and if abnormal, the process proceeds to step 76 as described above.

In step 68, cough detection is performed. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when a large peak Fc is detected as a whole in the frequency graph, it is detected that the subject has coughed. In step 70, a cough determination is made. For example, if the subject has coughed continuously, it is determined to be abnormal and the process proceeds to step 76. If no cough is detected, the process proceeds to the next step 72 as normal. In addition, when the subject coughs, as shown in FIG. 10, when the part F c ′ where the amplitude of the above-mentioned fluctuation waveform (time-series data) greatly changes is detected, the subject takes a seat. It may be determined that it has been done. Then, in step 72, it is determined whether or not the subject has turned over _{c. In} this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the change in the amplitude of the fluctuation waveform (time series data) is greater than in the case of the cough described above. Is large and the cycle of change is large, it can be determined that the subject has turned over. Then, in step 74, the rollover state of the subject is determined. In this determination, for example, in the case where turning over is not determined for a predetermined period of time, the possibility of bedsore becomes high, so that it is determined to be abnormal and the process proceeds to step 76 to issue an alarm.

As described above, after each biological physiological information is detected, in step 78, the data is transferred to the nursing care center via a communication means such as a telephone line or wireless communication. This is transmitted to the hospital, etc., and returns to the beginning of the control from step 80. FIG. 12 discloses another method for detecting the rollover described above. Fig. 1 2

In the flowchart shown in (a), step 721 is based on the subject's center of gravity based on the loads Wa, Wb, Wc, Wd detected by the four load detection sensors 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d. It calculates the position Wp.

As shown in (b), each load can be easily obtained by vector composition. In step 722, the calculated center-of-gravity position Wp is set as the current value Wp (n) and compared with the previous value Wp (n-1), and the current value Wp (n) and the previous value Wp (n) are compared. -If 1) is not equal, it is determined that the subject has turned over and that the subject has turned over in step 723. If the current value Wp (n) is equal to the previous value Wp (n-1), step 723 is bypassed, and no turnover of the subject is detected. Industrial applicability

As described above, according to the present invention, since the living body arrangement information of the subject can be detected by measuring the load on the bed, there is no need to attach a detection instrument to the subject or move the subject. It does not contribute to the discomfort of the subject, and can continuously trace the subject's condition while the subject stays in bed.

Furthermore, if there is an abnormality in the detected biological physiological information, an alarm can be issued, so that the caregiver can take a rest with peace of mind. Because it is possible to grasp the abnormalities, it is possible to respond promptly when the test subject has an abnormality.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A biological physiology detector:

Load measuring means for measuring the load of the bed where the subject stays,

Load fluctuation detecting means for detecting a fluctuation state of the load measured by the load measuring means,

Frequency distribution calculating means for calculating a frequency distribution based on the load fluctuation state detected by the load fluctuation detecting means;

A fluctuation amount detecting means for detecting a magnitude of fluctuation of the load detected by the load fluctuation detecting means;

A biological physiological state detecting means for obtaining biological physiological data of a subject from the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means and the magnitude of the load detected by the fluctuation amount detecting means.

2. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 1:

The biological physiological condition detecting means sets a frequency that remarkably appears in the first frequency region based on the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means as a fundamental frequency of a respiratory rate, and A device equipped with a respiratory rate determining means for determining the respiratory rate.

3. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 2:

The biological physiological condition detecting means excludes a harmonic component of a fundamental frequency of a respiratory rate determined by a respiratory rate determining means from the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means, and the first frequency A pulse rate determining means for setting a frequency which appears remarkably in a second frequency area higher than the area as a fundamental frequency of the pulse rate and using this as a pulse rate of the subject.

4. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 3, wherein:

The physiological condition detecting means is calculated by the load frequency distribution calculating means. A snoring determining means for judging that the subject is snoring when a variation amount of a third frequency region higher than the second frequency region increases from the obtained frequency distribution.

5. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 4, wherein:

The biological physiological state detecting means includes cough determining means for determining that the subject has coughed when the variation in the load detected by the variation detecting means suddenly increases.

6. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 5, wherein:

The biological physiological condition detecting means includes turnover determining means for determining that the subject has turned over when the amount of change in the load detected by the change detecting means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value. .

7. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 6, wherein:

An apparatus comprising: an alarm unit that issues an alarm when a turnover is not detected for a predetermined time by the turnover determination unit.

8. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 7, wherein:

A communication device for transmitting the physiological data detected by the physiological condition detecting means.

9. The living body physiological detecting device according to claim 5, wherein:

The load measuring means comprises at least four load sensors for measuring the four corners of the bed on which the subject stays.

10. The biological physiology detecting device according to claim 9, wherein:

The biological physiological condition detecting means includes: a center of gravity shift detecting means for detecting a shift of the center of gravity of the subject based on load signals from at least four load sensors of the load measuring means; and a shift of the center of gravity by the center of gravity shift detecting means. A turn-over determining means for determining that the subject has turned over when is detected.

11. The biophysiological detection device according to claim 10: An apparatus comprising: an alarm unit that issues an alarm when a turnover is not detected for a predetermined time by the turnover determination unit.

12. The biophysiological detection device according to claim 11, wherein:

1 3. In the biological physiology detecting device according to claim 1:

The biological physiological state detecting means excludes a harmonic component of a fundamental frequency of a respiratory rate determined by a respiratory rate determining means from the frequency distribution calculated by the frequency distribution calculating means, A device comprising a pulse rate determining means for setting a frequency which remarkably appears in a second frequency range higher than the frequency range as a fundamental frequency of the pulse rate, and using this as a pulse rate of the subject.

14. In the biological physiology detecting device according to claim 1:

The living body physiological state detecting means, when the third frequency region higher than the second frequency region increases from the frequency distribution calculated by the load frequency distribution calculating means, the subject snores. Equipped with snoring determination means for determining that

15. The biological physiology detecting device according to claim 1, wherein:

16. In the biological physiology detecting device according to claim 1:

The physiological condition detecting means includes turnover determining means for determining that the subject has turned over when the amount of change in the load detected by the change detecting means is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

17. The biological physiological detecting device according to claim 16, wherein:

The turning-over determining means provides an alarm when turning over is not detected for a predetermined time. With alarm means for issuing

18. The biological physiology detecting device according to claim 1, wherein:

19. The biophysiological detection device according to claim 18, wherein:

The biological physiological state detecting means includes: a center-of-gravity shift detecting unit configured to detect a shift of the center of gravity of the subject based on a load signal from at least four load sensors of the load measuring unit; A device comprising a turn-over determining means for determining that the subject has turned over when the movement of the center of gravity is detected.

20. In the living body physiological detecting device according to claim 19:

A device comprising an alarming means for issuing an alarm when turning over is not detected for a predetermined time by the turnover determining means.