WO2002103133A1

WO2002103133A1 - Foundation wall-fixing wall structure, and base block and wall member therefor, and method of fixing wall member to foundation wall

Info

Publication number: WO2002103133A1
Application number: PCT/JP2002/005906
Authority: WO
Inventors: Koichi Kawase
Original assignee: Tsukamoto, Yoshiro; Komatsu, Hideki; Kawase, Sanae
Priority date: 2001-06-15
Filing date: 2002-06-13
Publication date: 2002-12-27
Also published as: JP2003064848A

Abstract

A foundation wall-fixing wall structure comprising a base block (24) having a holding member (28) and a hook (30), and a wall member (10) formed with a fitting groove for fitting on the holding member (28) and a projection (20) and a recess that assume a state of being joined or approximately joined to another wall member (10). The base block (24) is fixed to the foundation wall of a building and then fitting groove (22) of the wall member (10) is fitted on the holding member (28) of the base block (21). Thereby, there is formed a vertical air passageway that interconnects the recesses formed in the wall members (10).

Description

Description Wall structure for fixing a base wall, its base, and method of fixing wall member to wall member and base wall

[Technical field]

The present invention relates to a foundation wall fixing wall structure to be fixed to the outside or inside of a foundation wall of a building, a base and a wall member which are constituent members of the foundation wall fixing wall structure, and a wall to the foundation wall. The present invention relates to a method for fixing a member.

[Background Art]

Tile, brick, stone, and other materials are preferred as the wall member to be fixed to the outside of the foundation wall of the building because fire resistance and durability are required, but it is easy to fix the wall member to the foundation wall. is not. For example, relatively lightweight wall members such as tiles can be fixed to the foundation wall by providing grooves or protrusions on the back of the tile and bonding the tile to the foundation wall with mortar, There is known a method of fixing a tile to a foundation wall by using such a method. On the other hand, with relatively heavy wall members such as bricks and stones, it is necessary to securely fix the wall members to the foundation wall because there is a risk of falling. There are known methods of stacking bricks and stones one by one by fixing the bricks or stones to the foundation wall by fixing the bricks or stones to the base wall along the wall.

However, such a conventional fixing method has a disadvantage that a large amount of mortar is required to fix the wall member to the foundation wall of the building. In addition, in order to fix the wall members to the foundation wall, it was necessary to shift the fixing device horizontally and with the same width, and the positioning of the fixing device was difficult. In addition, there is a danger that the wall members will fall during construction, and the workability is extremely poor. Furthermore, due to the close contact between the base wall and the wall member, there is no air permeability at the close contact points, and there are problems such as condensation and power Had occurred. In addition, since the wall members and the like are in close contact with the foundation wall, there has been a problem with the heat insulation in the room.

Therefore, the present invention provides a wall structure for fixing a base wall and a component thereof which prevent the occurrence of dew condensation and mold, enhance a heat insulating effect, improve an assembling work efficiency, and maintain a stable fixed state. It is an object of the present invention to provide a base, a wall member, and a method of fixing a wall member to a foundation wall.

[Disclosure of the invention〗

A wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to the present invention is for fixing to a foundation wall of a building, and is provided on a base provided with a number of lower holding means and a number of upper holding means, and on a back surface. One or more dents extending up and down the beam, a lower engaging portion provided on the lower surface for engaging with the lower holding means, and an upper engaging portion provided on the upper surface for engaging with the upper holding means. And a joint member for connecting and fixing the wall members to each other. The base is fixed to the base wall by fixing means, and the wall member is fixed to the lower holding means of the base. Attaching the wall member to the base by engaging the lower engagement portion of the base member and engaging the upper engagement portion of the wall member with the upper holding means of the base; Wall members that are positioned vertically when the wall member is attached to a base An air passage is formed to connect the dents of the wall members to each other to define the outside of the wall members, and a joint material is filled in a boundary between the wall members with a large number of the wall members attached to the base. The joint material blocks communication between the air passage and the outside of the wall member, and fixes the wall members to each other.

The wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to the present invention is further formed on the wall member, wherein one of the lower engagement portion and the upper engagement portion formed on the wall member is a fitting groove. The other of the lower engaging portion and the upper engaging portion is a projection protruding outward, and one of the lower holding means and the upper holding means provided on the base is provided. A holding member that fits into the fitting groove; and a flange for hooking the other of the lower holding means and the upper holding means provided on the base to the projection to prevent the lowering means from falling down. It is intended to be a puck. In the wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to the present invention, a plurality of the protrusions are formed in parallel at intervals, and the dent portion is formed between the protrusions. The wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to the present invention further includes a first air duct for letting air in and out below the lowermost wall member, and the first air duct communicates with the air passage. A second air duct for taking in and out air above the uppermost wall member, and an air hole for communicating with the air passage is formed in the second air duct. It was made. The wall member according to the present invention is a cubic wall member for covering the outside of a foundation wall of a building with a plurality of walls, and forms one or more dents provided on the back surface and extending up and down, and On one side, a protrusion protruding outside the surface is formed, and on the other of the upper surface or the lower surface, a protrusion protruding outside the surface or a groove inside the surface is formed. .

The wall member according to the present invention also has a projection connected to the projection and formed on the side surface so as to project outward therefrom. The wall member according to the present invention is further made of ceramic brick as a material.

A base according to the present invention is a base for fixing to a foundation wall of a building, for holding and fixing a wall member for covering the outside of the foundation wall, and the base is made of metal. And a lower holding means having a tip protruding part parallel to the flat plate and having a tip protruding upward and a tip protruding part having a tip parallel to the flat plate and projecting downward. Means are provided on the flat plate.

The base according to the present invention may further include a support portion that is a connection point between the free tip portion and the flat plate in the lower holding device, or a support portion between the free tip portion and the flat plate in the upper holding device. An air passage hole is provided in at least one of the support portions, which is a connecting point of the above. The base according to the present invention is further characterized in that the lower holding means and the upper holding means are formed on the flat plate by punching the flat metal plate.

A method for fixing a wall member to a foundation wall according to the present invention is a method for fixing a wall member to a foundation wall. A base member having a plurality of lower holding means and upper holding means fixed to a base wall by fixing means, and thereafter, a wall member having a lower engaging portion and an upper engaging portion formed Is attached to the base by engaging its lower engaging portion with the lower holding means of the base and engaging its upper engaging portion with the upper holding means of the base. When a large number of wall members are mounted on the base, a groove space is formed between the wall members so that the back wall is used as the engaging portion or the holding means, and the groove space is filled with a joint material. It is to do.

The method for fixing a wall member to a foundation wall according to the present invention also includes forming a depression extending vertically in the wall member, and indenting the wall member positioned vertically when a large number of wall members are fixed to the base. The parts communicate with each other to form an air passage, and the joint material blocks the air passage from communicating with the outside of the wall member. ·

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a wall member used in the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the wall member shown in FIG. 1 viewed from an opposite direction, and FIG. 3 is a base used in the present invention and its base. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a base wall for fixing the base, FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a state where a wall member is attached to the base shown in FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a view showing a space portion in a state where the wall members are stacked. Cross-sectional view at the space position where the positions are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction.Fig. 6 shows the fitting with the protrusions positioned at the same position in the vertical direction when the wall members are stacked. Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view at the position of the member, Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view at the hook position where the protruding portions are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction when the wall members are stacked, and Fig. 8 is two types of corners. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a wall member for use in a wall structure. FIG. 9 is a wall structure formed using the two types of wall members for corners shown in FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a wall member for another corner, FIG. 11 is a perspective view of another wall member used in the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the wall member in the figure viewed from diagonally below, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing another base used in the present invention and a base wall for fixing the base. FIG. FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a state in which wall members are attached to the base shown in FIG. 13. FIG. 15 is a state in which wall members are stacked. Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view at the position of the hook with the wall members stacked. Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view at the position of the hook with the wall members stacked. Fig. 17 is the position of the air passage hole of the hook with the wall members stacked. FIG. [First best mode for carrying out the invention]

Next, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 and 2 show an example of a wall member used in the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the wall member viewed from obliquely above, and FIG. 2 is an opposite view of the wall member of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the side seen from obliquely below. The wall member 10 is desirably a lightweight and durable brick formed of ceramic material, but any conventionally known material such as a tile or a stone material may be used. The wall member 10 is roughly in the shape of a cube, and the surface of the cube in six directions is the front surface 10a, the back surface 10b, the top surface 10c, the bottom surface (lower surface) 10d, and the right side surface. It consists of 10 e, left side 1 Of. The back surface 1 Ob has a shape in which the center is depressed in the vertical direction, and the back surface 1 Ob includes a pair of left and right protruding back surfaces 12 and an intermediate back surface 14 between them. In other words, a pair of protrusions 16 (FIG. 1) are formed on the left and right sides of the back surface 1 Ob so as to protrude on the opposite side to the front surface 10 a, and between the pair of protrusions 16. A concave portion (space) 18 extending up and down is formed at the bottom.

A projection 20 as an upper engagement portion projecting outward from each of the surfaces is formed in a state of being continuous over the upper surface 10c and the left side surface 10f. The position of the projection 20 is formed substantially at the center of the thickness of the upper surface 10c and the left side surface 10f. The projection 20 is formed on the upper surface 10c, and is formed on at least one of the left side surface 10Of and the right side surface 10e. The contact position of the protrusion 20 between the upper surface 10c and the left side surface 10f and / or the right side surface 10e shall be continuous without any break. A projection 20 may be formed on the entire circumference extending from the top surface 10c, the left side surface 10f, the bottom surface 10d, and the right side surface 10e.

As shown in FIG. 2, on the left and right sides of the bottom face 10 d of the wall member 10, a left side face 1 O f and a lower side engagement part for connecting the right side face 10 e and the recess 18 are provided. Mating groove 2 2 shape And the two fitting grooves 22 are arranged at the same straight line position.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a base used in the present invention. The base 24 includes a flat plate 26, a plurality of L-shaped holding members 28 formed on the flat plate 26 as lower holding means, and a plurality of upper holding means formed on the flat plate 26. And an L-shaped hook 30. The L-shaped holding member 28 is provided with a support portion 28 a communicating with the base 24 in a direction perpendicular to the base 24, and a tip for projecting upward that is to be fitted to the fitting groove 22. Projecting portion 28b. The L-shaped hook 30 is provided with a supporting portion 30a communicating with the base 24 in a direction perpendicular to the base 24 and a tip projecting portion for preventing the position of the projection 20 from falling down and projecting downward. 30 b. When the base 2 ′ 4 stands upright, the L-shaped holding member 28 has a tip projection 28 b facing upward, and an L-shaped hook: 30 tip tip projection. It is set to face. The position of the projecting end portion 28 b of the holding member 28 provided on the base 24 is set so as to fit into one of the pair of right and left fitting grooves 22 formed in the wall member 10. The width of the fitting groove 22 is wider than the thickness of the tip protrusion 28 b, and the depth of the fitting groove 22 is greater than the height of the tip protrusion 28 b. The tip protrusion 30b of the L-shaped hook 30 has a protrusion 20 of the wall member 10 in a state where the fitting groove 22 of the wall 10 is fitted to the tip protrusion 28b. The upper surface of the wall member 10 is prevented from falling down to the opposite side to the flat plate 26.

The material of the base 24 is desirably formed of a flat metal plate that can be easily punched. By punching a metal plate 26, a large number of L-shaped holding members (lower holding means) 28 and L-shaped hooks (upper holding means) 30 are formed on the plate 26 at a time. Can be formed. The base 24 may have several types used on the lowermost, middle and uppermost sides with respect to the foundation wall 36 of the building, but all vertical and horizontal lengths are unified. It is desirable to keep. All the L-shaped holding members 28 and the L-shaped hooks 30 are formed so as to protrude from the same side of the flat plate 26. A cutout space 32 is formed in the flat plate 26 at a position corresponding to the holding member 28 by punching, and a cutout space 34 is formed at a position corresponding to the hook 30. Punching a metal plate If the base 24 is made, a large number of the holding members 28 and the hooks 30 can be formed at one time, so that the manufacturing cost of the base 24 is reduced. However, the base 24 is not limited to one manufactured by punching using a flat metal plate.

Here, the work of attaching the base 24 and the wall member 10 to the foundation wall of the building will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the base 24 is fixed to the foundation wall 36 of the building with fixing means 38 such as nails and screws for building. The fixing means 38 is not limited to this. Generally, many bases 24 are fixed to the foundation wall 36 because the size of the foundation wall 36 varies depending on the building. The outer surface of the base wall 36 is fixed to one reference base 24 at the reference position of the base wall 36, and the other bases 24 are joined in order from the reference base 24. A number of bases 24 are fixed by fixing means 38 so as to cover the entire area of the base. In this way, all the bases 24 can be fixed to the base wall 36 without any displacement. The foundation wall 36 on the side to which the base 24 is fixed may be either an indoor wall or an outdoor wall.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first air duct 42 is placed on the ground or the floor, and the first air duct 42 and the base 24 are fixed to each other by a fixing means (not shown). ). An air hole 44 is formed on the upper surface of the first air duct 42 at a position close to the base 24. Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the fitting groove 22 of the wall member 10 is fitted to the tip projecting portion 28 b of the holding member 28, so that the wall member 10 is 24 can be supported. At this time, the bottom surface 10 d of the wall member 10 is placed on the support portion 28 a of the holding member 28 in a state where the fitting groove 22 is fitted in one tip protrusion portion 28 b, Thereafter, the wall member 10 can be supported by the two holding members 28 by moving the wall member 10 in the lateral direction. In a state in which the tip projecting portion 28 b of the holding member 28 is fitted with the fitting groove 22 of the wall member 10, as shown in FIG. 7, the tip projecting portion 3 O of the L-shaped hook 30 is provided. b is a state in which the outside of the projection 20 of the wall member 10 is hooked, thereby preventing the upper portion of the wall member 10 from falling to the opposite side to the flat plate.

In this way, the wall member 10 can be supported on the base 24 only by moving the wall member 10 in the lateral direction, so that the fitting of the wall member 10 to the base 24 is easy. Tona You. When the wall member 10 is attached to the base 24, each wall member 10 is held by the base 24 from above and below by the holding member 28 and the hook 30. The wall member 10 does not come off the base 24 unless an external force for moving the wall member 10 held by 4 in the lateral direction acts. By repeating such operations, the wall members 10 are mounted on the base 24 in order from the bottom in the upward direction. At this time, the lowermost wall member 10 may be supported by the first air duct 42 or may be supported by the holding member 28.

When a large number of wall members 10 are mounted on the base 24, the wall members 10 in a vertical positional relationship are formed with the projections 20 of the upper surface 10c of the wall member 10 located on the lower side. Since the hook 30 exists between the bottom surface 10 d of the wall member 10 located above the projection, the projection 20 of the top surface 10 c of the wall member 10 and the bottom surface 1 of the upper wall member 10 are present. No contact with 0 d (Figs. 6 and 7). On the other hand, the protrusion 20 on the left side 1 f is in contact with the right side 10 e of the adjacent wall member 10. After stacking the wall portions 0 to the top, the second air duct 46 is placed above the top wall member 10 as shown in FIG. 5, and the second air duct 46 is attached to the base 2. 4 is fixed by fixing means (not shown). An air hole 48 is formed on the lower surface of the second air duct 46 near the base 24.

'ο

When a large number of wall members 10 are attached to the base 24, as shown in Fig. 4 (the positional relationship between the upper and lower wall members 10 is shifted by half each side), as shown in FIG. A groove space 50 having a depth wall as the protrusion 20 is formed at the boundary of the member 10. Here, the groove space 50 in FIG. 4 is located outside the position of the protrusion 20 of the lower wall member 10, the upper surface 10 c of the lower wall member 10, and the upper wall member 10. 5 (FIGS. 5 to 7). The groove space 50 is filled with a joint material 52 such as mortar. A large number of wall members 10 attached to the base 24 are firmly fixed to each other by the joint members 52 filled in the groove spaces 50. In this way, all the wall members 10 are fixed by mounting the large number of wall members 10 on the base 24 while holding them up and down, and fixing the many wall members 10 to each other with the joint members 52. As a result, all the wall members 10 and the base 24 are fixed. As a result, the base 24 and many wall members The wall structure 54 composed of 10 and the joint material 52 is completed. The location where the wall structure 54 is attached to the foundation wall 36 can be applied to both indoor and outdoor locations.

A hook is provided between the projection 20 of the upper surface 10 c of the lower wall member 10 and the bottom surface 10 d of the upper wall member 10 in the wall member 10 in a vertical positional relationship. Although a gap with a thickness of 30 exists, the filling of the joint space 52 into the groove space 50 can completely shut off communication between the gap and the outside of the wall member 10. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5, the joint member 52 fixes the second air duct 46 and the wall member 10. If there is a gap between the first air duct 42 and the wall member 10 located thereon, the gap may be filled with the joint material 52 to fix them.

Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 show that in the state where a plurality of wall members 10 are stacked in the vertical direction, the positions of the protruding portion 16 and the dent portion 18 of each wall member 10 are arranged at the upper and lower circumferential positions. The sectional view of the state is shown. In this state, the dent portions 18 formed in the respective wall members 10 communicate with each other in the vertical direction to form an air passage 56. The air passage 56 is isolated from the outside of the wall member 10 by a joint 52 that connects and fixes the wall member 10. That is, the air passage 56 is surrounded by the wall member 10 and the foundation wall 36 (base 24), and communicates with the outside except for the first air duct 42 and the second air duct 46. Not set.

The depression 18 (air passage 56) of the lowermost wall member 10 is set to communicate with the air hole 44 of the first air duct 42, and the depression 1 of the uppermost wall member 10 is formed. 8 (air passage 56) is set to communicate with the air hole 48 of the second air duct 46. If air is introduced into the first air duct 42 or air is drawn from the second air duct 46 (or both are set), the air will flow from the first air duct 42 The air is sucked into the second air duct 46 from the air hole 48 through the air passage 56 from the hole 44. That is, air flows from the bottom to the top in the air passage 56. Conversely, when air is introduced into the second air duct 46 or air is drawn from the first air duct 42 (or both are set), the air passage 56 is moved upward. Air flows downward from.

As described above, according to the present invention, the air passage 56 is formed between the foundation wall 36 and the wall member 10, and the air passage 56 is provided with air in a state of being cut off from the outside of the wall member 10. Can be passed through. FIGS. 5 to 7 show a state in which the dent portions 18 are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction in a state where the wall members 10 are stacked in the vertical direction. Even in the case where the vertical direction of the wall member 10 as shown is shifted laterally, the recesses 18 of the upper and lower wall members 10 are set so as to communicate with each other to form the air passage 56.

According to the present invention, when the base 24 is fixed to the base wall 36, if one base 24 is mounted at a reference position below the base wall 36, the base 24 is thereafter mounted. What is necessary is just to arrange and fix them side by side in order, and there is no need to position the base 2 other than the reference position, and the work of attaching the base 24 to the base wall 36 becomes easy. Further, since the position of the distal end protruding portion 28 b of the holding member 28 provided on the base 24 is set so as to match the position where the fitting groove 22 of the wall member 10 is fitted, The wall member 10 can be easily attached to the base 24 simply by inserting the wall member 10 into the holding member 28 in the lateral direction, and workability is significantly improved. Further, since the lower part of the wall member 10 is fitted and held by the holding member 28 and the upper part is hooked by the hook 30 to prevent the wall member 10 from falling down, the wall member 10 is held vertically. As a result, the wall member 10 does not come off in the vertical direction with respect to the base 24, and it is possible to eliminate the occurrence of a fall accident of the wall member 10 during work.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing two types of corner wall members. The two types of wall members 58a and 58b are formed by bending the wall member 10 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 into an L-shape around a position slightly shifted left and right from the center of the recess 18 side. Shape. These corner wall members 58a and 58b are used in FIG. 4 (as shown in FIG. 4), in which the horizontal position is shifted by half each other in the positional relationship between the upper and lower wall members 10. These corner wall members 58a, 58b have relatively short front surfaces 60a, 60b and relatively long front surfaces 62a, 62b, Protrudes from the back edge of the short front side It has portions 64a and 64b, and also has protruding portions 66a and 66b at the rear end of the long front surface. The wall members 58a, 58b are L-shaped spaces 68a, 68b between the protruding portions 64a, 64b and the protruding portions 66a, 66b on the back side of the short front side surfaces 60a, 60b and the long front side surfaces 62a, 62b. (A region surrounded by a dashed line). The wall members 58a, 58b have projections 72a, 72b formed on the upper surfaces 70a, 70b and one side surface following the upper surfaces 70a, 70b. By using these corner members 58a and 58b, even when the horizontal position is shifted by half each other in the positional relationship between the upper and lower wall members 10 shown in FIG. The passage 56 (FIG. 5) can be prevented from communicating with the outside of the wall members 58a, 58b. Here, FIG. 9 shows a perspective view of a corner of a wall structure formed using two types of corner wall members 58a and 58b.

As shown in FIG. 5, FIG. 10 shows a corner wall member used when the protruding portion 1.6 and the concave portion 18 are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction. The wall member 74 for this corner is formed by bending the wall member 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 into an L-shape centering on the center of the dent portion 18 side. The horizontal lengths of 76a and 76b are the same length.

In the first embodiment, the projection 20 is formed on the upper surface 10c of the wall member 10, the fitting groove 22 is formed on the bottom surface 10d, and the projection 20 is held on the base 24. L-shaped hook 30 having a tip projection 3 Ob protruding downward and having an L-shaped hook for fitting with the fitting groove 22 and having a tip projection 28 b protruding upward. It was set to have the holding member 28. However, the present invention is valid even if it is turned upside down. In other words, the wall member 10 is turned upside down (the fitting groove 22 is on the upper side and the projection 20 is on the lower side), and the direction of the tip projecting portion 28 b of the L-shaped holding member 28 of the base 24 The tip of the L-shaped hook 30 is opposite to the direction of the projection 3 Ob. That is, the direction of the distal end protruding portion 28b of the holding member 28 is directed downward, and the direction of the distal end protruding portion 3 Ob of the hook 30 is directed upward. Then, the fitting groove 22 of the wall member 10 is fitted to the tip projecting portion 28b of the holding member 28 of the base 24, The protrusions 20 of the wall member 10 may be held by the protruding portions 3 Ob of the hooks 30 of the base 24.

The wall member 10 has projections 20 on both the upper and lower sides, and the base 24 has an L-shaped hook 30 having a tip projection 3 Ob projecting upward and a tip projection 3 projecting downward. An L-shaped hook 30 having O b may be provided. It is necessary to form the protrusions 20 on at least one of the upper and lower sides of the wall member 10. Due to the presence of the projections 20, a groove space 50 for filling the joint material 52 between the upper and lower wall members 10 can be formed. Also, by forming a projection 20 protruding outward from the side of the wall member 10, a groove space 50 for filling the joint material 52 between adjacent wall members 10 can be formed. it can.

[Second best mode for carrying out the invention]

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show another example of a wall member used in the present invention. FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the wall member, and FIG. 12 is a wall member of FIG. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the as viewed from diagonally below on the opposite side. It is the perspective view seen from the lower side. The wall member 80 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 has a pair of projecting portions 16 protruding to the left and right of the back surface 10 b as compared to the wall member 10 shown in FIGS. Is lost. Further, the wall member 80 is lower than the wall member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 at the position of the projection 20 in the wall member 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Three dents (spaces) 82 are formed parallel to each other. That is, the wall member 80 is provided on the back surface of the cubic front member 84 with four parallel thick plate-shaped projections 86 as upper engagement portions in the vertical direction, and between the projections 86. A concave portion 82 extending up and down is formed on the upper surface. The upper portion of each projection 86 communicates with the upper surface of the front member 84, and projects above the upper surface. Of the four protrusions 86, the left protrusion 86 in FIG. 11 protrudes outward from the left side surface of the front member 84. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, a lower engaging portion is provided at the lower part of each projection 86 at the point of communication with the front member 84. Are formed, and the four fitting grooves 88 are arranged at the same linear position. Although the number of the projections 86 formed on the wall member 80 was set to four and the number of the dents 82 was set to three, the number of the projections 86 and the dents 82 was not limited to these. No.

FIG. 13 shows an example of a base used for the wall member 80 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. The base 90 includes a flat plate 92, an L-shaped holding member 94 as a plurality of lower holding means formed on the flat plate 92, and a plurality of upper holding means formed on the flat plate 92. L-shaped hook 96. The L-shaped holding member 94 is a support part 94 a communicating with the base 90 in a direction perpendicular to the base 90, and is bent in a direction perpendicular to the support part 94 a and fits in the fitting groove 88. And a projecting portion 94b for fitting. The L-shaped hook 96 includes a support portion 96a communicating with the base 90 in a direction perpendicular to the base 90, and a tip projecting portion 96b bent in a direction perpendicular to the support portion 96a. The lateral length of the support portion 96 a of the hook 96 is set to the length of the protrusions 86 at both ends of the wall member 80. That is, the support portion 96 a of the hook 96 is set in the axial direction of the recess portion 82 between the projections 86 of the wall member 80. Three air passage holes 98 are formed in the support 96 a of the hook 96. The air passage hole 98 is set so as to be located at a position that matches the concave portion 82 of the wall member 80. The height of the tip 96 b of the hook 96 is set to be approximately the same as the length H of the projection 86 of the wall member 80 projecting above the upper surface of the front member 8 (FIG. 11). . The holding members 94 are arranged so as to be aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions on the base 90. The hooks 96 are also arranged so as to be aligned in the vertical and horizontal directions on the base 90.

When the base 90 is set up vertically, the tip projecting portion 94b of the holding member 9 faces upward, and the tip projecting portion 96b of the L-shaped hook 96 faces downward. I have. The width of the fitting groove 88 is larger than the thickness of the tip protrusion 94 b of the holding member 94, and the depth of the fitting groove 88 is greater than the height of the tip protrusion 94 b. The L-shaped hook 96 is positioned at the front part when the fitting groove 88 of the wall member 80 is fitted to the tip projecting part 94 b. Set so that the outside of the protrusion 20 (the front member 84 side) protruding above the upper surface of the material 84 can be pulled down. The hook 96 prevents the upper portion of the wall member 80 from falling to the side opposite to the flat plate 92.

The material of the base 90 is desirably formed of a flat metal plate that can be easily punched. By punching the base 90, a large number of L-shaped holding members 94 and L-shaped hooks 96 are formed on the flat plate 92 at a time. A cutout space 100 is formed in the flat plate 92 at a position corresponding to the holding member 94 by punching, and a cutout space 102 is formed at a position corresponding to the hook 96. If the base 90 is made by punching a metal flat plate, a large number of the holding members 94 and the hooks 96 can be formed at once, so that the manufacturing cost of the base 90 is reduced.

Here, the work of attaching the base 90 and the wall member 80 to the foundation wall of the building will be described. As shown in FIG. 13, the base 90 is fixed to the foundation wall 36 of the building with fixing means 38 such as nails and screws for building. The fixing means 38 is not limited to this. In general, many bases 90 are fixed to the foundation wall 36 because the size of the foundation wall 36 varies depending on the building. A number of bases 90 are fixed by fixing means 38 so as to cover the entire outer surface of the base wall 36.

Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the fitting groove 88 of the wall member 80 is fitted into the tip projecting portion 94 b of the holding member 94, and FIGS. As shown in FIG. 16, the L-shaped hook 96 passes over the projection 86 of the wall member 80 and is hooked to the outside of the projection 86. As described above, the lower part of the wall member 80 is fitted and held by the holding member 94, and the projections 86 of the wall member 80 are prevented from falling down by the hooks 96. The table 90 is held from above and below. That is, in a state where the fitting groove 88 of the wall member 80 is fitted to the tip projecting portion 94b of the base 90, each wall member 80 is held by the base 90 from above and below. The wall member 80 does not come off the base 90 unless an external force acts on the wall member 80 in the lateral direction.

When a large number of wall members 80 are attached to the base 90, as shown in FIG. 15, a groove space 104 is formed at the upper and lower boundaries of the front member 84 of each wall member 80. . Also, As shown in FIG. 17, the protrusion 96 b of the tip of the hook 96 blocks the groove space 104 and all the dents 82 of the wall member 80. Here, the groove space 104 is filled with a joint material 52 (FIG. 16) such as mortar. A large number of wall members 80 attached to the base 90 are firmly fixed by the joint members 52 filled in the groove spaces 104. The joint material 52 filled in the groove space 104 is blocked by the tip projecting portion 96 b of the hook 96 and does not reach the dent portion 82 of the wall member 80. In this way, all the wall members 80 are fixed by mounting a large number of wall members 80 on the base 90 while holding them up and down, and fixing the many wall members 80 to each other with the joint members 52. Thus, all the wall members 80 and the base 90 are fixed. As a result, a wall structure 106 (FIG. 16) composed of the base 90, a large number of wall members 80, and the joint members 52 is completed. The location where the wall structure 106 is attached to the foundation wall 36 can be applied to both indoor and outdoor locations.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the plurality of wall members 80 stacked on the base 90 in the vertical direction at the position of the dent portion (space) 82 of each wall member 80. In this state, the dents 82 formed in each wall member 80 are arranged at the same position in the vertical direction, and the dents 82 are formed in the support portions 96 a of the hooks 96 with each other. Pass through hole 9-8 to contact. That is, the air passage 108 is formed by the concave portion 82 of each wall member 80 and the air passage hole 98 formed in the support portion 96 a of the hook 96. This air passage 108 communicates with the first air duct 42 and the second air duct 46 shown in FIG. The air passage 108 is isolated from the outside of the wall member 80 by a joint 52 that connects and fixes the wall member 80. That is, the air passage 108 is surrounded by a wall member 80 and a foundation wall 36 (base 90), and is connected to the outside except for the first air duct 42 and the second air duct 46. Is set not to contact.

As described above, according to the second embodiment, the air passage 108 is formed between the base wall 36 and the wall member 80, and the air passage 108 is connected to the outside of the wall member 80. Air can be allowed to pass in a blocked state. The difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the thickness of the wall member 80 is smaller than that of the wall member 10 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. (A pair of protruding portions 16 protruding to the left and right of the rear surface l.0b has been eliminated). As a result, the overall weight can be reduced and the cost can be further reduced. Note that the second embodiment has the same effects as the first embodiment.

Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the protrusion 86 formed on the wall member 80 and the fitting groove 88 are turned upside down, and the tip of the L-shaped holding member 94 of the base 90 is formed. The direction of the protrusion 94b and the direction of the tip protrusion 96b of the L-shaped hook 96 may be reversed.

[Industrial applicability]

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION As mentioned above, according to this invention, the base provided with the fitting member is fixed to the foundation wall of a building, and the wall member in which the fitting groove was formed in the fitting member of the base is successively fitted. It is a thing. As a result, even if a relatively heavy brick or the like is used for the wall member, the lower side of the wall member can be supported by the fitting member and the wall member can be securely held on the base. Prevents wall members from falling accidents, ensuring safety and high work efficiency. In addition, if the upper part of the wall member is prevented from falling down by the hook provided on the base, the wall member can be securely held and fixed up and down, and the accident of dropping the wall member during work can be improved. It can certainly be prevented.

By using the base of the present invention, one base is accurately positioned at the reference position of the foundation wall of the building, and the subsequent bases are sequentially joined and fixed to the base wall. The position of the table (the mounting position of the wall member) is automatically determined, eliminating the need to use the fixtures conventionally used, and greatly improving the work efficiency of the wall member mounting work. Further, if this base is formed by punching a metal, a large number of fitting members and hooks can be formed by a single processing, and the base can be manufactured at very low cost.

A space for filling a joint material such as mortar in a state where the wall members are stacked by providing a projection at least on the upper surface and at least one of the left and right side surfaces at a position apart from the front side surface in the wall member used in the present invention. Can be formed. In this space By filling the joint material, the connection between the wall members can be strengthened, and the joint material can reliably block the air passage from the outside of the wall member. Also, compared to the conventional method in which the joint material is applied to the entire surface of the wall member, the filling amount of the joint material is small and economical.

If the wall member used in the present invention is made of a ceramic brick, it can be made of a lightweight, durable and extremely wide range of materials, and can be made freely in color and shape. In particular, since many colors can be used, it is suitable for indoor use.

According to the present invention, an air passage isolated from the outside can be formed between the wall structure and the foundation wall, and air can be passed through the air passage to form a wall structure having air permeability. By allowing air to pass through the air passage, it is possible to prevent the formation of dew condensation, mold, and the like, which have conventionally occurred on the foundation wall, and to make the foundation wall and the wall member last longer.

Further, by providing an air passage between the foundation wall and the wall structure, the heat insulating effect between the room and the outside can be improved. In summer, in particular, if the cool air inside the cooler is lifted up from below through the air passage and returned to the room from above, the heat insulation effect between the room and the outside can be further improved, and the feet can be cooled down. It is useful for averaging the cooling temperature of the entire room without the conventional problem of excessive cooling. In winter, if heated warm air is allowed to flow from top to bottom through the air passages, the effect of insulating the room from the outside can be further improved, and the problem that only the ceiling is warm can be eliminated. It helps to average the heating temperature of the whole area.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A base for fixing to a foundation wall of a building, the base having a number of lower holding means and a number of upper holding means, and one or more dents provided on the back surface extending vertically. A wall member having a lower engaging portion provided on the lower surface for engaging with the lower holding means, an upper engaging portion provided on the upper surface for engaging with the upper holding device, and the wall members; Fixing the base to the base wall by fixing means, and connecting the lower engaging portion of the wall member to the lower holding means of the base. A state in which the wall member is attached to the base by engaging the upper engaging portion of the wall member with the upper holding means of the base, and the wall member is attached to the base. The dents of the wall members of the upper and lower wall members Forming an air passage partitioning the outside of the wall member, filling a joint between joints of the wall members in a state where a large number of the wall members are attached to the base, and joining the air passage with the joint with the joint; A wall structure for fixing a foundation wall, wherein communication with the outside of a wall member is interrupted and the wall members are fixed to each other.

2. One of the lower engaging portion and the upper engaging portion formed on the wall member is a fitting groove, and the lower engaging portion and the upper engaging portion formed on the wall member are provided. And the other of the parts is a projection that protrudes outward, and one of the lower holding means and the upper holding means provided on the base is a holding member that fits into the fitting groove, 2. The base according to claim 1, wherein the other of the lower holding means and the upper holding means provided on the base is hooked on the projection to prevent the projection from falling down. Wall structure for wall fixing.

3. The wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the protrusions are formed in parallel with a space therebetween, and the recess is formed between the protrusions.

4. A first air duct for letting in and out of air is provided below the lowermost wall member, and an air hole for communicating with the air passage is formed in the first air duct. A second air duct is provided on the upper side for taking in and out air, and the second air duct The wall structure for fixing a foundation wall according to claim 13, wherein an air hole for communicating with the air passage is formed in the duct.

5. A cubic wall member for covering the outside of the foundation wall of the building with many pieces, forming one or more indents extending up and down provided on the back side, and forming one or more of the upper and lower sides from the face A wall member having a projection protruding outward and a projection protruding outward from the surface or a groove inside the surface formed on the other of the upper surface or the lower surface.

6. The wall member according to claim 5, wherein a protrusion is formed on a side surface of the wall member so as to communicate with the protrusion and protrude outward therefrom.

7. The wall member according to claim 5, wherein a ceramic brick is used as a material.

8. A base for fixing to a foundation wall of a building and holding and fixing a wall member for covering the outside of the foundation wall, the base being a flat metal plate. A lower holding means having a tip projecting part having a tip parallel to the flat plate and projecting upward, and an upper holding means having a tip projecting part having a tip parallel to the flat plate and projecting downward. A base characterized in that a plurality of bases are provided.

9. A support part which is a communication part between the free tip part and the flat plate in the lower holding means, or a support part which is a communication part between the free tip part and the flat plate in the upper holding means. 9. The base according to claim 8, wherein an air passage hole is provided in at least one of the bases.

10. The base according to claim 8, wherein the lower holding means and the upper holding means are formed on the flat plate by punching the flat metal plate.

1 1. A method of fixing a wall member to a foundation wall, wherein a base having a number of lower holding means and upper holding means is fixed to the foundation wall by fixing means, and then a lower engaging portion and The lower engaging portion of the wall member formed with the upper engaging portion is engaged with the lower holding means of the base, and the upper engaging portion is engaged with the upper holding means of the base. In this state, when a large number of wall members are attached to the base, a groove space is formed between the wall members so that a back wall is used as the engaging portion or the holding means. A method for fixing a wall member to a foundation wall, characterized by filling a joint material into the groove space.

1 2. In the state in which a number of wall members are fixed to the base, the dents of the wall members located in the up and down direction communicate with each other to form an air passage, and 12. The method for fixing a wall member to a foundation wall according to claim 11, wherein the air passage interrupts communication with the outside of the wall member by a joint material.