WO2002095026A1 - Procede permettant de faire proliferer des cellules a differenciation terminal et vecteur de recombinaison pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede - Google Patents
Procede permettant de faire proliferer des cellules a differenciation terminal et vecteur de recombinaison pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002095026A1 WO2002095026A1 PCT/JP2001/008208 JP0108208W WO02095026A1 WO 2002095026 A1 WO2002095026 A1 WO 2002095026A1 JP 0108208 W JP0108208 W JP 0108208W WO 02095026 A1 WO02095026 A1 WO 02095026A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cyclin
- cells
- gene
- dependent kinase
- differentiated cells
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/0652—Cells of skeletal and connective tissues; Mesenchyme
- C12N5/0657—Cardiomyocytes; Heart cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/46—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates
- C07K14/47—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals
- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
- C07K14/4738—Cell cycle regulated proteins, e.g. cyclin, CDC, INK-CCR
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/10—Transferases (2.)
- C12N9/12—Transferases (2.) transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7)
- C12N9/1205—Phosphotransferases with an alcohol group as acceptor (2.7.1), e.g. protein kinases
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/40—Regulators of development
- C12N2501/405—Cell cycle regulated proteins, e.g. cyclins, cyclin-dependant kinases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2506/00—Differentiation of animal cells from one lineage to another; Differentiation of pluripotent cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2510/00—Genetically modified cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2799/00—Uses of viruses
- C12N2799/02—Uses of viruses as vector
- C12N2799/021—Uses of viruses as vector for the expression of a heterologous nucleic acid
- C12N2799/022—Uses of viruses as vector for the expression of a heterologous nucleic acid where the vector is derived from an adenovirus
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for growing terminally differentiated cells and a recombinant vector used for the same, and more particularly, to terminal differentiation using cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinase.
- the present invention relates to a method for growing cells. Background art
- CDK cyclin-dependent kinase
- CDK activity is regulated by a group of inhibitors called CDK inhibitors. Based on their primary structural characteristics and specificity of the inhibitory CDK, they are roughly divided into two groups: the INK4 (Inhibitor of CDK4) family and the CIP / KIP (CDK interacting protein / kinase inhibitory protein) family. If the cell cycle progress is compared to driving a car, CDK is an accelerator and CDK inhibitor is a factor playing a role in brake. The accelerator and brake cooperate to regulate the progress of the cell cycle. Have been.
- INK4 Inhibitor of CDK4
- CIP / KIP CDK interacting protein / kinase inhibitory protein
- D-type cyclins are expressed from mid to late G 1 in response to growth stimuli. Its transcription is promoted by Ras / Raf-1 / MAPK, and its degradation is suppressed by P13K (phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase) / Akt (protein kinase B). CDK4 and 6 bind to D-type cyclin, translocate into the nucleus, and become activated by phosphorylation by CAK (CDK-activating kinase).
- D-type cyclins increase It is thought that the expression of the proliferative signal is an intracellular sensor that is induced in response to the proliferative signal and acts to transmit the signal to CDK2 and CDC2, which actually progress through the cell cycle.
- the role of D-type cyclins / CDK4,6 in cell cycle progression is thought to have two roles. One phosphorylates RB (retinoblastoma gene protein) and releases its growth inhibitory effect. The other is to trap CI PZK IP. The presence of CIP / KIP alone in cells inhibits CDK2 activity that appears late in G1. D-type cyclin / CDK is thought to reduce CDK2 inhibitory activity by these inhibitors in cells by binding to CIP / KIP.
- the substrate targeted by the CDK during the G1 phase of the cell cycle is RB.
- RB is known to interact with many proteins, the key of which is the transcription factor E2F.
- E2F regulates the transcription of genes required for cell cycle progression and DNA replication, e.g., activates cyclin E transcription and plays an important role in the initiation of S phase through the action of cyclin E / CDK2 are doing.
- RB binds strongly to E 2 F, preventing E 2 F from promoting DNA replication.
- RB is phosphorylated by CDKs that progress through the cell cycle, and phosphorylated RB loses its ability to suppress E 2 F and is inactivated.
- RB and E2F have similar proteins, respectively, and have been called RB family and E2F family proteins.
- progression from the G1 to S phase of the cell cycle is a process that is highly regulated by RB and E2F family members.
- this RB-E2F pathway is involved in many life phenomena such as cell division, canceration, and apoptosis.
- inactivation of the above RB and the like leads to cell canceration due to abnormal cell cycle regulation, and many such cell cycle regulatory genes have been reported as cancer suppressor genes.
- terminally differentiated cells such as cardiomyocytes and nerve cells are known to deviate from such a cell cycle and to be in a special state called a quiescent phase (GO phase).
- Cardiomyocytes one of these terminally differentiated cells, lose proliferative capacity shortly after birth. Therefore, if cardiomyocytes are necrotic or lost due to myocardial infarction or dilated cardiomyopathy, the cardiomyocytes will Not born. Therefore, there are many cases of death afterwards due to heart failure, which causes the mortality rate of these heart diseases to be extremely high.
- cardiomyocytes had been arrested in G0 phase, and it was thought that the cell cycle did not progress, but recent studies have begun to suggest that cardiomyocytes also have a cell cycle regulatory mechanism .
- E1A an adenovirus oncogene
- RB adenovirus oncogene
- E1A binds to the RB to promote transcription of an E2F-dependent gene, thereby inducing cell DNA synthesis.
- E1A released E2F in cardiomyocytes and caused DNA synthesis and dedifferentiation. Apoptosis is not clear. It has been reported that E1A induces DNA synthesis in the presence of E1B (see Kirshenbaum, LA et al., The Journal of Biological Chemistry 270, 7791-7794, 1995).
- E2F suppresses the expression of myocardial-specific genes in cardiomyocytes and induces DNA synthesis (Kirshenbaum, LA et al., Developmental Biology 179, 402-411, 1996).
- ES cells embryonic stem cells
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a method for expanding terminally differentiated cells which enables regeneration of terminally differentiated cells such as cardiomyocytes and can be applied to treatment of heart diseases and the like.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present inventors have studied the cell cycle regulation mechanism in terminally differentiated cells, particularly the role of cyclin / CDK in cardiomyocytes in the presence of serum or other growth stimuli.
- D-type cyclin CDK4 induced by growth stimulation was restricted to the cytoplasm and did not translocate into the nucleus, and that evening-phosphorylation of the target RB and activation of cyclin EZCDK2 did not occur. I found it. Therefore, we created an adenovirus vector that incorporates a gene that adds a nuclear translocation signal (NLS) to cyclin D1 and a gene that encodes CDK4, and infects cultured cardiomyocytes.
- NLS nuclear translocation signal
- a first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase are introduced into the nucleus of a terminally differentiated cell, and then the cell is cultured or its tissue is maintained.
- a nucleotide sequence encoding a nuclear localization signal is added to at least one of a cyclin gene and a cyclin-dependent kinase gene, and each of the genes is introduced into a terminally differentiated cell. It is characterized by the ability to culture cells or the direct introduction of each of the genes into terminally differentiated cells in a living body.
- the cyclin is a cyclin capable of activating CDK4 or CDK6, for example, mammalian cyclin D1, D 2 and D 3 are preferred.
- the cyclin-dependent kinase is activated by a D-type cyclin.
- mammalian CDK4 and CDK6 are preferable.
- the terminally differentiated cells are cardiomyocytes, nerve cells, kidney cells or kidney cells.
- the introduction into the terminally differentiated cells is a gene introduction using an adenovirus vector.
- a recombinant vector used to achieve the above object has a nucleotide sequence encoding a nuclear translocation signal (a signal peptide having a function of translocating a protein into the nucleus). It is characterized by containing a cyclin gene or a cyclin-dependent kinase gene to which a nucleotide sequence encoding a nuclear localization signal is added.
- the above-described recombinant vector may contain both a cyclin gene and a cyclin-dependent kinase gene as long as a nucleotide sequence encoding a nuclear localization signal is added to at least one of them.
- the cyclin gene is a cyclin gene capable of activating mammalian CDK4 or CDK6, and the cyclin-dependent kinase gene is a cyclin-dependent kinase activated by mammalian cyclin D1, D2 or D3. It is a ubiquitous kinase gene.
- the recombinant vector is an adenovirus vector
- the nucleotide sequence encoding the nuclear transport signal is a nucleotide sequence of a nuclear transport signal derived from the large T antigen of SV40.
- the nucleotide sequence encoding the nuclear transport signal is a nucleotide sequence of a nuclear transport signal derived from the large T antigen of SV40.
- one that encodes a nuclear translocation signal derived from the SV40 large T antigen three times is recommended.
- the present invention relates to an animal cell or tissue grown by any method according to the first aspect.
- the present invention relates to an agent for growing terminally differentiated cells and Z or tissue, characterized in that any one of the recombinant vectors according to the second aspect is used as an active ingredient.
- a preferred embodiment of the use of the drug in this aspect is a method for treating a patient having a heart disease, wherein at least one of the nucleotide sequences encodes a nuclear transport signal.
- a virus vector expressing the added cyclin gene and cyclin-dependent kinase gene is directly administered to a patient's heart (myocardium) to proliferate the patient's myocardium (cardiomyocytes).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing Western blot analysis of cyclin D1 expression and RB phosphorylation of cardiomyocytes by various growth stimulations. Abbreviations are as follows. ppRB: phosphorylated RB protein, pRB: RB protein,
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing Western blot analysis of the expression of D-type cyclin and CDK4 in cardiomyocytes induced by various growth stimuli in cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts. Abbreviations are as follows.
- RB RB protein
- FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph of the intracellular localization of cyclin D1 in cardiomyocytes induced by various growth stimuli, which was immunofluorescently stained with a mouse anti-sarcomeric lactin monoclonal antibody.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing Western blot analysis of the transfer of cyclin D1 into the nucleus of cardiomyocytes by adding a nuclear transfer signal to cyclin D1.
- FIG. 5 shows Western blot analysis of the localization of cyclin D1 and CDK4 expressed by various recombinant adenoviruses in cardiomyocytes.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing Western blot analysis of RB phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes infected with various recombinant adenoviruses. Abbreviations are as follows. ppRB: phosphorylated RB protein, pRB: RB protein,
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing Western blot analysis of the expression of cyclin A and cyclin E in the nuclei of cardiomyocytes infected with the recombinant adenovirus.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results over time of the results of analyzing the cell cycle of cardiomyocytes that have been subjected to various growth stimuli by laser scan cytometry (LSC).
- LSC laser scan cytometry
- FIG. 9 is a photograph and a diagram showing the results of analyzing cardiomyocytes undergoing cell division by LSC equipped with a confocal laser microscope.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the results of measuring the number of cardiomyocytes after virus infection over time.
- Figure 11 shows that a rat heart was infected in vivo with a recombinant adenovirus containing D1NLS / CDK4 (a and b) or the lacZ gene (c), and immunohistochemical staining of the heart tissue section visualized the expressed proteins.
- red represents sarcomeric actin
- green represents Ki-67 protein
- bar length is 20.
- Mammalian D-type cyclins have three subtypes (Dl, D2, D3), are expressed from the middle to late G1 of the cell cycle, and are activated by binding to CDK4 and CDK6. Mainly phosphorylates RB protein and promotes G1ZS phase transition. Cyclin D1 is localized in the nucleus in the G1 phase, but in the S phase, Tlir286 is phosphorylated by a protein kinase called GSK-33 (glycogen synthase kinase-3) and translocates to the cytoplasm. It is decomposed by the Proteasom as it is. Cyclin D 1 ZC DK 4 has various functions other than cell cycle, such as controlling muscle differentiation by inhibiting the transcription factor MyoD, and activating by binding to ER (estrogen receptor) in mammary epithelial cells Have been reported.
- the present invention is a method for promoting the cell cycle and growing terminally differentiated cells by introducing such cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases into the nuclei of terminally differentiated cells.
- a method of introducing these proteins into the nucleus there is a method of physically injecting them by microinjection, but a gene introduction method is preferred from the viewpoint of introduction efficiency.
- the introduced cyclin may be any as long as it can activate CDK4 or CDK6, and examples thereof include the above three subtypes (cyclins D1, D2, and D3).
- the cyclin-dependent kinase may be any one that is activated by D-type cyclin, such as CDK4 or CDK6. I can do it.
- the terminally differentiated cells used in the method of the present invention can be separated from a living body by various methods and cultured.
- Terminally differentiated cells such as cardiomyocytes, nerve cells, kidney cells, and knee cells, are cells that are in the GO phase of the cell cycle without being divided from birth until the individual dies.
- cultured cardiomyocytes of neonatal rats 1 to 2 days after birth show that 90% or more of the cells are in the GOZG1 phase within 24 hours after culturing by cell cycle assay such as flow cytometry. It is confirmed that.
- a growth stimulus such as serum is added, the transition to the S phase is not observed. (See Claycomb, W. C., Trends Cardiovascular Medicine 2, 231-236, 1992).
- neurons especially central nervous cells such as the brain, complete cell division during the fetal period, so recovery is difficult if the brain is damaged after birth.
- kidney cells are damaged, they cannot be regenerated and require treatment such as artificial dialysis.
- Knee cells produce various digestive enzymes or gastrointestinal hormones, but if / 3 cells are damaged, it is difficult to regenerate, and it is known that they interfere with insulin secretion and cause diabetes.
- these terminally differentiated cells can be proliferated by taking them out of a living body or applying the method of the present invention as they are in a living body, and culturing or maintaining them.
- the D-type cyclin gene and cyclin-dependent kinase gene have already been cloned from humans and various other organisms, and their nucleotide sequences have been reported.
- the nucleotide sequence of the mouse cyclin D1 gene has been reported in Matsushime, H. et al., Cell, 65, 701-713, 1991 and registered in GenBank (Accession No. M64403).
- the human cyclin D1 gene has also been reported in Lee, D. et al., Cell, 66, 1197-1206, 1991 and the like.
- Human. 01 ⁇ 4 is a protein consisting of 303 amino acids, and the cDNA sequence encoding it is registered in GenBank (Accession No. M14505).
- PCR using primers DNA specific for the desired gene Can also be obtained.
- a nucleotide sequence encoding a nuclear localization signal is added to at least one of the above genes, preferably a cyclin gene.
- a nuclear localization signal is added to at least one of the above genes, preferably a cyclin gene.
- three types of nuclear transport signals are known. All of these have more common sequences called motifs.
- the first type has almost no basic amino acids such as lysine-arginine.
- Very few examples of this motif include, for example, the nuclear translocation signal of influenza virus nucleoprotein (AAFEDLRVLS: SEQ ID NO: 1) (Davy, J. et al., Cell 40, 667-1675, 1980).
- the second type contains a large amount of basic amino acids. Examples of this motif are numerous, such as the nuclear localization signal of the SV40 large T antigen (PPKKKRKV: SEQ ID NO: 2) (Kalderon, D. et al., Nature 311, 33-38). , 1989).
- the third type is a type in which basic amino acids form a class with a spacing of about 10 amino acids, which is called a bipartite-type nuclear translocation signal.
- this motif such as the nuclear translocation signal (KRPAATKKAGQAKKKK: SEQ ID NO: 3) of the nucleoplasmin of African Megael (Xenopus laevis) (Robbins, J. et al., Cell 164, 6 15—6 2 (See page 3, 1991)
- the nucleotide sequence encoding the nuclear localization signal is added to at least one of the D-type cyclin gene and the cyclin-dependent kinase gene activated by the cyclin. Since the two proteins expressed by these genes form a complex in the cytoplasm, if either or preferably the cyclin gene has a nuclear translocation signal, the complex can pass through the nuclear membrane. Recombinant vectors having the nucleotide sequences encoding these nuclear translocation signals and translocating the cloned expression protein of DNA into the nucleus can be easily obtained. An expression plasmid pEF / myc / nuc having a large T antigen nuclear translocation signal is commercially available from Invitrogen.
- Vectors include adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, retrovirus, Examples include vectors derived from viruses such as vaccinia virus, evatribox virus, and papovavirus such as SV40.
- the adenovirus vector used in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is a method by homologous recombination using human fetal kidney 293 cells or Escherichia coli (Miyake, S. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 93, pp. 132, pp. 1996) and a simple in vitro method (Mizuguchi, E. et al., Hum. Gene Ther., Vol. 9, pp. 25 7 7— (See page 258, page 1988).
- Adenovirus is one of the DNA viruses with a linear double-stranded D ⁇ ⁇ genome, the most studied being human adenovirus serotype 5 (AD5) and serotype 2 (AD2).
- Adenovirus Expression Vector Kit is commercially available from Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. and can be used in the present invention.
- Gene transfer by retroviruses usually infects specific cells and integrates the genetic information into the cells' own DNA, but it can infect two or more cells in some cases.
- the introduced gene may be expressed transiently, or may be constitutively expressed by integration into the chromosomal DNA of the recipient cell.
- a recombinant adenovirus vector efficient gene transfer and high-level expression of the transferred gene can be performed.
- Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer is one of the most powerful ways to transfer genes into mammalian cells, and virtually all types of human cells and many To be introduced into non-human cells.
- infection with adenovirus is independent of the cell cycle, the gene can be expressed in a variety of primary and transformed cell lines.
- gene transfer can be performed efficiently even in cells that do not undergo DNA synthesis or cell division, such as terminally differentiated cells. Since many cells receive multiple copies of the recombinant DNA after infection, the transfected gene is temporarily expressed at a high level.
- adenovirus DNA is not normally integrated into the cell genome and remains as an episome. As a result, the use of adenovirus has the advantage that almost no mutagenic errors occur randomly when the foreign DNA is integrated into the host cell genome.
- the D-type cyclin gene and the cyclin-dependent kinase gene activated by the cyclin in order to express both the D-type cyclin gene and the cyclin-dependent kinase gene activated by the cyclin, these can be infected by the same recombinant virus, or they can be infected by separate recombinant viruses. It can be transmitted. When co-infected with two types of recombinant viruses, they may be transmitted simultaneously or separately after a certain period of time.
- Terminally differentiated cells that express D-type cyclin and a cyclin-dependent kinase activated by the cyclin in the nucleus are grown by culturing according to a conventionally known method.
- a suitable method for culturing the cells can be selected depending on the type of the cells.
- the method can be selected from static culture in microtiter plates, petri dishes or flasks, rotary culture using culture bottles, and microculture.
- carrier culture For example, in the case of cardiomyocytes, use Eagle's minimum essential medium (MEM), etc., add 5-20% of growth factors such as fetal calf serum, and culture at 37 ° C in the presence of 5% carbon dioxide. it can.
- MEM Eagle's minimum essential medium
- Nerve cells, kidney cells, knee cells and the like can be cultured by the same method. Development and sales of various media to grow various cells under optimal conditions Have been. For example, there are RPMI 1640 medium and CMRL1066 medium. Many such media are available from distributors such as Flow Laboratories and Gibco.
- the gene is directly introduced into a living body, for example, into a terminally differentiated cell or tissue of a mammal by the above-mentioned various methods, and the cell or tissue is propagated by maintaining the cell or tissue in the living body.
- the term “maintain” means that cells are maintained in a physiological environment such as body temperature or blood flow without impairing the physiological functions of the cells or tissues, and cells are proliferated.
- the present invention also relates to cells or tissues characterized by being grown by the method of the present invention.
- a terminally differentiated cell isolated from a patient is introduced with a D-type cyclin gene to which a nuclear translocation signal is added and a cyclin-dependent kinase gene activated by the cyclin by the above-described method, and cultured by culturing.
- These expanded cells or tissues can be used to administer to the patient in which the cells or tissues have been necrotic and to regenerate them.
- cardiomyocytes, nerve cells, kidney cells, knee cells, and the like grown by the method of the present invention can be transplanted into patients.
- the recombinant vector of the present invention can be used for the prevention or treatment of disease, and when a specific cell or tissue is damaged, the recombinant vector according to the present invention is added to such a cell or tissue as an active ingredient.
- the terminally differentiated cells can be proliferated to repair and replenish the necrotic tissue or organ.
- it can be used for the treatment of myocardial infarction and dilated cardiomyopathy.
- the patient's myocardium (cardiac muscle cells) can be obtained by administering the drug containing the recombinant vector directly to the patient's heart. Can be propagated.
- cardiomyocytes which are one of the terminally differentiated cells.
- This example shows one embodiment of growing rat cardiomyocytes in vitro.
- the present invention is not limited to these examples. Absent.
- the adenovirus vector Ad-CM4 containing CDK4 was obtained from plasmid pCMV-CM4 (obtained from Dr. Sander van den Heuvel of Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, van den Heuvel et al., Science, 262, 2050-2054, 1993) Mouse), and an adenovirus construction kit (Adenovirus Expression Vector Kit Code No. 6150, manufactured by Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd.). That is, pCMV-CDK4 was digested with BamHI to prepare a DNA fragment of about 920 base pairs. The end of this fragment was blunt-ended using DNA Blunting Kit Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. Code No.
- this cosmid and human adenovirus type 5 DNA-TPC were derived from human fetal kidney.
- the recombinant adenovirus (Ad-CM4) was prepared by transfection into 293 cells (hereinafter referred to as “293 cells”).
- the plasmid containing the cyclin D1 gene to which the nucleotide sequence encoding the nuclear localization signal (NLS) was added was a mouse cyclin D1 gene fragment derived from pRSV-cyclinDl (see Matsusime, H. et al., Supra) and pEF / myc / nuc It was constructed by ligating NLS derived from a plasmid (manufactured by Invitrogen).
- the plasmid pEF / myc / nuc was digested with restriction enzymes Ncol and Xhol, and the first DNA of about 5.5 kb was obtained using 1.0% agarose gel electrophoresis and QIAduick Gel Extraction Kit (QIAGEN, Cat.28704). Fragments were prepared.
- the plasmid pRSV-cyclinDl was cleaved with the restriction enzyme Ncol to prepare a second DNA fragment of 603 bp in the same manner as described above.
- PCR was performed using the plasmid pRSV-cydinDl as a type II and the following two primers to prepare a third DNA fragment encoding the C-terminal side of the mouse cyclin D1 gene.
- Ncol primer 5 'ACCCTCCATGGTAGCTGCTGGGA 3' (SEQ ID NO: 4) and Xhol primer: 5 'TGATCTCGAGGTCGATGTCCACATCTCGCACGT 3' (SEQ ID NO: 5).
- NLS nuclear translocation signal
- Ad-D1NLS adenovirus Expression Vector Kit Code No. 6150, manufactured by Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd.
- Ad-D1NLS a recombinant adenovirus
- This recombinant adenovirus Ad-D1NLS contains the CAG promoter-1 (avian) 3-actin promoter + site megalovirus in the DNA sequence of the adenovirus deleted for the E1 and E3 genes.
- Enhancer and a mouse cyclin D1 gene having a base sequence encoding the above-described nuclear translocation signal added between the poly-A addition signal sequence of the ⁇ Egret] 3-globin gene.
- the culture was aseptically transferred to a sterile tube for each cell in which the cells were completely died, and the freeze-thaw was repeated 6 times.
- the supernatant centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes was stored at -80 ° C as a primary virus solution.
- 10 liters of this primary virus solution infects 293 cells cultured on a collagen-coated 24-well plate, and after 3-4 days the dead cells Z culture medium is aseptically transferred to a sterile tube and freeze-thawed Was repeated 6 times, and the supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 5000 rpm for 5 minutes was stored at -80 ° C as a secondary virus solution.
- the secondary viral solution 15/1 were infected with 2 9 3 cells cultured in 25 cm 2 bottles coated with collagen, die after 3-4 days
- the cells / cultures were aseptically transferred to sterile tubes and freeze-thawed or disrupted overnight with sealed sonication to release the virus.
- the supernatant centrifuged at 4 ° C for 10 minutes at 3000 rpni was stored as a third virus solution at -80 ° C. .
- the tertiary virus solution 50 il l were infected with 2 9 3 cells cultured in 75 cm 2 bottles coated with collagen, were transferred 3-4 days dead cells / culture after aseptically sterile tubes, frozen Virus was released by thawing or crushing in a sealed sonicator.
- the supernatant centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 10 minutes at 4 ° C was stored at -80 ° C as a fourth virus solution.
- the titer of this quaternary virus solution was determined by plaque assay using 293 cells, and all were always within the KlOU pfu / ml range.
- Cardiomyocytes are separated from 1 to 2 days old rats (Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats), and a layer (fraction) of cardiomyocytes is collected by Percoll gradient centrifugation and contains 5% bovine serum (CS) Dispersed in MEM (minimum essent ial medium; Sigma, Cat. M-4655) (Tamamori, M., et al., Am. J. Phys iol. 275 (Heart Circ. Phys iol. 44), H2036—see H204, page 1988). More than 95% of the cells thus obtained were confirmed to be cardiomyocytes by immunostaining using a mouse monoclonal anti-actin antibody (Dakopas, Denmark).
- the neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were seeded on a culture dish in Eagle's minimum medium (MEM, Flow Laboratories) supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS, Flow Laboratories) and placed in a gas carbonate incubator. The cells were cultured at 37 ° C for 24 hours. The next day, the culture solution was replaced with serum-free Eagle's minimal medium (MEM), and the cells were further cultured for 24 hours. After that, each virus prepared in Example 1 was infected alone or in combination of two or more. Virus infection was performed by adding lOO piu (plaque forming unit) of recombinant adenovirus per cell and culturing for a certain period of time. As a control, a similar experiment was performed using REF52 cells, a type of fibroblast, instead of rat cardiomyocytes.
- MEM Eagle's minimum medium
- FCS fetal calf serum
- Example 3 Analysis of gene expression in cardiomyocytes by Western blot analysis, phosphorylation analysis and immunofluorescence staining
- Various growth factors and Z or the various recombinant adenoviruses prepared in Example 1 were used to infect rat cardiomyocytes prepared by the method described in Example 2. After culturing these virus-infected cells, whole cells, cytoplasmic fractions and nuclear fractions were extracted from the culture medium after a predetermined time by the following method. The cells on the culture dish were washed with ice-cooled (4 ° C) PBS (Phosphate buffered saline), scraped off with a cell scraper, centrifuged, and the supernatant was discarded.
- PBS Phosphate buffered saline
- the obtained precipitate was washed again with a small amount of PBS, and then transferred to a 1.5-ml eppendorf tube. 10 times the volume of the precipitate in ice-cold (4 ° C) Lysis Buffer (50 inM HEPES (pH 7. 9), 150 mM NaCl, 0. lmM EDTA, 0. 1 mM EGTA, 0. 1% NONIDET P - 40, 0. 4 mM NaF, 0. 4 mM Na 2 V0 4, 103 ⁇ 4 glycerol) was added, on ice Then, the mixture was stirred with a vortex mixer for 15 seconds and left on ice for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the mixture was centrifuged at 15,000 rpm at 4 ° C for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was stored as a whole cell extract (rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C).
- Lysis Buffer 50 inM HEPES (pH 7. 9)
- Cytoplasmic proteins and nuclear proteins were fractionated as follows. In the same manner as above, the cells on the culture dish were washed with ice-cold PBS, scraped off with a cell scraper, centrifuged, and the supernatant was discarded. The obtained precipitate was washed again with a small amount of PBS, transferred to a 1.5 ml eppendorf tube, and ice-cooled Buiier A (10 mM HEPES (pH 7.9), 1.5 times the volume of the precipitate). The mixture was pipetted with mM MgCl 2 , 10 mM KC1, 0.5 mM DTT), stirred with a vortex mixer for 15 seconds, and allowed to stand on ice for 10 minutes.
- Buiier A 10 mM HEPES (pH 7.9)
- NONIDET P-40 was added to a final concentration of 0.2%, stirred with a vortex mixer, and allowed to stand on ice for 5 minutes. Finally, the supernatant obtained by centrifugation at 5,000 rpm for 5 minutes was stored as a cytoplasmic fraction (rapidly frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at -80 ° C). The precipitate is pipetted with an equal volume of Buffer C (20 mM HEPES (pH 7.9), 25% glycerol, 0.42 M NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mM EDTA) and vortexed for 15 seconds. After stirring with a mixer, the mixture was left on ice for 30 minutes.
- Buffer C (20 mM HEPES (pH 7.9), 25% glycerol, 0.42 M NaCl, 1.5 mM MgCl 2 , 0.2 mM EDTA
- Protein extracted by the above method is extracted from the same number of cells for each sample. Corrected as done. That is, proteins extracted from 6 lxlO per sample were electrophoresed by 6% or 11% SDS-PAGE GEL, then transferred to a dinitrocellulose membrane, containing 5% skin milk and 0.2% Tween20. The cells were immersed in PBS and shaken for 1 hour (blocking).
- a mouse monoclonal anti-cyclin D1 antibody (Ab-3; manufactured by Oncogene science), a mouse monoclonal anti-RB antibody (1400 1A manufactured by Piiarmingen), a heron polyclonal anti-cyclin A antibody (SC-751; Santa Cruz) Biotechnology), Egret polyclonal anti-cyclin E antibody (SC-481; Santa Cruz Biotechnology), and Z or Egret polyclonal anti-CDK4 antibody (SC-260; Santa Cruz Bioteclmoiogy) After shaking for an additional hour, wash these antibodies with PBS containing 5% skin milk and 0.2 Tween20.
- Ab-3 manufactured by Oncogene science
- a mouse monoclonal anti-RB antibody (1400 1A manufactured by Piiarmingen
- SC-751 heron polyclonal anti-cyclin A antibody
- SC-481 Egret polyclonal anti-cyclin E antibody
- Z or Egret polyclonal anti-CDK4 antibody (SC-260; Santa Cruz Bioteclmoio
- anti-hidge mouse Ig horseradish peroxidase linked whole antibody (Amersham LifeSdence; NA931) or anti-hidge antibody.
- egret Ig horseradish peroxidase linked whole antibody (Amersham LifeScience; NA934)
- PBS 5% skin milk and 0.2% Tween20
- ECL kit Western blotti Immunofluorescent staining was performed using ng detection reagents; Amersham LifeScience; RPN 2109), and Western blot analysis was performed.
- Ad-Ras61L Duke University Medical Center
- PE Phenylephrine
- an adrenergic receptor agonist an adrenergic receptor agonist
- an active Ras protein acting as a cardiac hypertrophy factor Cyclin D1 expression and phosphorylation of RB when cardiomyocytes were stimulated using Leone, G. et al., Nature, 387, 422-426 (1997).
- the presence or absence of oxidation was examined by Western plot analysis.
- the adenovirus Ad_Con without the Ras gene as Ad-Ras6iL or control cardiomyocytes were infected, 18 hours later the culture medium with 10% serum, medium containing 1 (gamma 6 Micromax of PE (phenylephrine) The After the cells were replaced with serum-free medium and cultured for an additional 18 hours, the cell extract was electrophoresed and stained with each antibody, as shown in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 1, cyclin D was induced in cardiomyocytes by these stimulations.
- FIG. 2 shows the results of Western blot analysis of cytoplasmic and nuclear fractions extracted from cardiomyocytes and REF52 cells.
- cardiomyocytes subjected to various proliferation stimuli neither D-type cyclin nor CDK4 was present in the nucleus and expressed only in the cytoplasm.
- REF52 cells stimulated with proliferation cyclins D1, D3 and CDK4 were translocated into the nucleus.
- the RB protein was present in the nucleus in both cardiomyocytes and REF52.
- FIG. 3 is a photomicrograph of cardiomyocytes stimulated with fetal calf serum (FCS) or recombinant adenovirus Ad-RAS61L immunofluorescently stained with a mouse anti-sarcomeric lactin monoclonal antibody. In each case, it can be seen that cyclin D1 is accumulated in the cytoplasm.
- FCS fetal calf serum
- Ad-RAS61L recombinant adenovirus Ad-RAS61L immunofluorescently stained with a mouse anti-sarcomeric lactin monoclonal antibody.
- FIG. 4 shows that overexpression of wild-type cyclin D1 and CDK4 by the adenoviruses Ad-Dl and Ad-CDK4 does not accumulate cyclin D1 in the nucleus. Therefore, a recombinant adenovirus Ad-D1NLS containing the cyclin D1 gene to which a nuclear localization signal (NLS) was added was constructed. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, co-infection with Ad-MNLS and Ad-CDK4 revealed that cyclin D1 and CDK4 were strongly expressed in the nucleus of cardiomyocytes.
- the adenovirus Ad-Dl expressing human cyclin D1 was obtained from Dr. Albrecht, J. of the Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation (Albrecht, JH et al., Cell Growth & Differentiation, Vol. 10, pp. 397-404, 1999). Year).
- the recombinant adenovirus prepared in Example 1 was used to infect the rat cardiomyocytes prepared in Example 2, and after various lapses of time, the cells were covered on a 25 glass cover slip glass with a diameter of 25. The cells were fixed with 70% ethanol and stained with propidium iodide (PI; propidi orchid iodide) to measure the DNA content.
- PI propidium iodide
- iasarcomeric actin antibody (1: 1000) labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), washed with PBS, and then PI 50 g / ml, RNase After adding 500 g / ml of eA and leaving it to stand at 37 ° C for 15 minutes and then at room temperature for 15 minutes, the position of each cell in the cell cycle is determined by laser scanning cytometry (LSC, Olympus). Detected. Cardiomyocytes were confirmed by double staining with the anti-sarcomeric actin antibody described above.
- FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate
- FIG. 8 shows the results of cell cycle analysis by LSC.
- FIG. 8a shows the distribution of cells (relationship between DNA content and cell number) after a certain period of time in cardiomyocytes stimulated by various virus infections or growth factors.
- Cardiomyocytes D1NLS / CDK4 co-infected with Ad-DINLS / Ad-CDK4 in a serum-free medium were transformed into S phase and G 2 It is inferred from the change in the DNA content that the cells have entered the phase.
- cells supplemented with 5% bovine serum 53 ⁇ 4CS + D1NLS / CDK4
- cardiomyocytes D1 / CDK4 infected with serum-stimulated (10% FCS) or Ad-Dl / Ad-CDK4 containing cyclin D1 without nuclear translocation signals have little cell cycle progression You can see that. 5% bovine serum alone (5% CS) remains in G1 phase. These results indicate that co-infection with M_D1NLS / Ad-CDK4 progresses the cell cycle of cardiomyocytes.
- Figure 9 shows the myocardium 48 hours after Ad-D1NLS / Ad-CDK4 co-infection with a laser-scan cytometer (LSC; Olympus, Japan) equipped with a confocal laser microscope. Photograph of cells.
- Figure 9a shows cells in mitosis or just after mitosis. The cell cycle position of each cell was determined by the DNA content (the amount of H fluorescence) measured by PI staining and the peak (maximum) of PI fluorescence intensity. Cells that have undergone DNA replication have an increased DNA content (the amount of PI fluorescence), whereas cells immediately before and immediately after division have a higher PI fluorescence intensity (brighter) due to DNA aggregation.
- LSC laser-scan cytometer
- FIG. 9b shows the relative results of counting the number of these cells with a Coulter counter (cell counter). It can be seen that the number of myocardial cells cultured with co-infection with Ad-DINLS / Ad-CDK4 increased about three-fold after 5 days. In contrast, cardiomyocytes infected with the vector-only adenovirus as a control showed almost no increase in cell number.
- adeno-D1NLS and Ad-CDK4 prepared in Examples 1 and 2 were prepared.
- the virus was injected into the apical region of a Wistar rat (250-300 g) by thoracotomy and visually.
- an adenovirus containing the lacZ gene was similarly performed.
- Four days after the injection 4% paraformaldehyde was perfused to fix the heart cells, and a section of the heart tissue was labeled with a rabbit ego-anti-Ki-67 antibody and a mouse anti-sarcomeric act-in antibody.
- Labeled antibodies were stained and visualized in green and red, respectively, using an anti-Egret Mexa488 antibody or an anti-mouse Alexa568 antibody (both from Molecular Probes).
- the visualized images were observed using a laser scanning confocal image system (ZEISS LSM510), and the results are shown in FIG. In FIG. 11, red indicates sarcomeric actin and green indicates Ki-67.
- Ki-67 nucleoprotein is expressed in proliferating cells in all cycles of the cell cycle (Sdiolzen et al., J. Cell. Physiol., 182, 311-32, 2 This was used to detect cells in which the cell phase was progressing. Images of heart sections co-infected with two types of adenoviruses, Ad-D1NLS and Ad-CM4 (Fig. 11a and b) show that Ki-67 nuclear protein is expressed in many cardiomyocytes and non-cardiomyocytes. I knew it was. On the other hand, Ki-67 nucleoprotein expression was not observed in cardiomyocytes injected with adenovirus containing the lacZ gene (FIG. 11c). These results suggest that the translocation of cyclin D1 and CDK4 into the nucleus also advances the cardiomyocyte cell cycle in vivo.
- cell division of terminally differentiated cells can be induced, and cells can be proliferated to produce cells and tissues for transplantation.
- terminally differentiated cells such as cardiomyocytes, nerve cells, kidney cells, and knee cells
- the use of is expected.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Cell Biology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Rheumatology (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA2447703A CA2447703C (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-09-21 | Methods for proliferating terminal differentiated cells and recombinant vectors therefor |
JP2002592488A JP4499994B2 (ja) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-09-21 | 終末分化細胞の増殖方法及びそのための組換えベクター |
BR0117014-7A BR0117014A (pt) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-09-21 | Método para a proliferação de células diferenciadas terminais, vetor recombinante, célula ou tecido de mamìfero, composição farmacêutica para a proliferação de células ou tecidos diferenciados terminais, e, método para tratar cardiopatia em um paciente humano |
US10/713,008 US7795032B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2003-11-17 | Methods for proliferating cardiomyocytes and recombinant vectors therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2001148266 | 2001-05-17 | ||
JP2001-148266 | 2001-05-17 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/713,008 Continuation US7795032B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2003-11-17 | Methods for proliferating cardiomyocytes and recombinant vectors therefor |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002095026A1 true WO2002095026A1 (fr) | 2002-11-28 |
WO2002095026A8 WO2002095026A8 (fr) | 2003-03-06 |
Family
ID=18993622
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2001/008208 WO2002095026A1 (fr) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-09-21 | Procede permettant de faire proliferer des cellules a differenciation terminal et vecteur de recombinaison pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procede |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP4499994B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0117014A (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2447703C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002095026A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014038653A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 腎臓由来体性幹細胞の製造方法 |
WO2014038655A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 腸上皮由来体性幹細胞の製造方法 |
US10669596B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2020-06-02 | The J. David Gladstone Institutes, A Testamentary Trust Established Under The Will Of J. David Gladstone | Methods for inducing cell division of postmitotic cells |
-
2001
- 2001-09-21 JP JP2002592488A patent/JP4499994B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-21 BR BR0117014-7A patent/BR0117014A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-09-21 CA CA2447703A patent/CA2447703C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-21 WO PCT/JP2001/008208 patent/WO2002095026A1/ja active Application Filing
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
CHARLES J. SHERR ET AL.: "CDK inhibitors: positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression", GENES & DEVELOPMENT, vol. 13, 1999, pages 1501 - 1512, XP002948290 * |
GAVIN BROOKS ET AL.: "Arresting developments in the cardiac myocyte cell cycle: Role of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors", CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH, vol. 39, 1997, pages 301 - 311, XP002948291 * |
HITOSHI MATSUSHIME ET AL.: "Colony-stimulating factor 1 regulates novel cyclins during the G1 phase of the cell cycle", CELL, vol. 65, 1991, pages 701 - 713, XP002948292 * |
KALDERON D. ET AL.: "Sequence requirements for nuclear location of simian virus 40 large-T antigen", NATURE, vol. 311, no. 5981, 1984, pages 33 - 38, XP002948293 * |
MARK H. SOONPAA ET AL.: "Cyclin D1 overexpression promotes cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis and multinucleation in transgenic mice", J. CLIN. INVEST., vol. 99, no. 11, June 1997 (1997-06-01), pages 2644 - 2654, XP002948289 * |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014038653A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 腎臓由来体性幹細胞の製造方法 |
WO2014038655A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 腸上皮由来体性幹細胞の製造方法 |
US10669596B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2020-06-02 | The J. David Gladstone Institutes, A Testamentary Trust Established Under The Will Of J. David Gladstone | Methods for inducing cell division of postmitotic cells |
US11541102B2 (en) | 2015-04-07 | 2023-01-03 | The J. David Gladstone Institutes, A Testamentary Trust Established Under The Will Of J. David Gladstone | Methods for inducing cell division of postmitotic cells |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2447703C (en) | 2011-04-19 |
WO2002095026A8 (fr) | 2003-03-06 |
JP4499994B2 (ja) | 2010-07-14 |
CA2447703A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
JPWO2002095026A1 (ja) | 2004-09-09 |
BR0117014A (pt) | 2004-04-20 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Matsuoka et al. | p57KIP2, a structurally distinct member of the p21CIP1 Cdk inhibitor family, is a candidate tumor suppressor gene. | |
Cheng et al. | Cellular transformation by simian virus 40 and murine polyoma virus T antigens | |
Yamaoka et al. | Constitutive activation of NF‐kappa B is essential for transformation of rat fibroblasts by the human T‐cell leukemia virus type I Tax protein. | |
Kang et al. | Ras induces anchorage-independent growth by subverting multiple adhesion-regulated cell cycle events | |
JP2002500040A (ja) | 細胞の寿命の延長、方法および試薬 | |
JP7386210B2 (ja) | Nmeバリアント種の発現および抑制 | |
JP2003507078A (ja) | 抗ウイルス剤の同定方法 | |
Schaffhausen et al. | Lessons from polyoma middle T antigen on signaling and transformation: A DNA tumor virus contribution to the war on cancer | |
Westbrook et al. | E7 abolishes Raf-induced arrest via mislocalization of p21Cip1 | |
Gordon et al. | Bone sialoprotein stimulates focal adhesion‐related signaling pathways: role in migration and survival of breast and prostate cancer cells | |
JP2002512788A (ja) | 分化をモジュレートする方法 | |
KR101169980B1 (ko) | 심근 세포의 증식 방법 | |
Arsenijevic et al. | A novel partner for D-type cyclins: protein kinase A-anchoring protein AKAP95 | |
WO2000078119A2 (en) | Cardiomyocytes with enhanced proliferative potential | |
Weiss et al. | DYRK2 negatively regulates cardiomyocyte growth by mediating repressor function of GSK-3β on eIF2Bε | |
JP4499994B2 (ja) | 終末分化細胞の増殖方法及びそのための組換えベクター | |
US7795032B2 (en) | Methods for proliferating cardiomyocytes and recombinant vectors therefor | |
KR20080038047A (ko) | 세포핵에서 세포질로의 gsk3 이동을 억제하는 방법 및물질 | |
BG63548B1 (bg) | Полипептиди, съдържащи протеинови домени на gax, включени в транскрипцията и/или взаимнодействащи сдруги протеини, съответни нуклеинови киселини и тяхното използване | |
Westbrook III | Mislocalization of Cip/Kip CDK inhibitors and dysregulation of cellular proliferation by the HPV16 E7 oncoprotein | |
Elliott | Transduction of E2F1 Tat fusion proteins into primary invasive ductal breast carcinoma cell lines and subsequent effects on gene transcription | |
Clair | The dual specificity phosphatase Cdc25C is transcriptionally repressed by the tumor suppressor protein p53 | |
YI | C-ABL promotes osteoblast expansion through BMP signaling pathways | |
Wang | Ap-1-mediated Regulation of Hpv Chromatin Transcription | |
US20060057669A1 (en) | Inactive transcription factor tif-ia and uses thereof |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: C1 Designated state(s): AE AG AL AM AT AU AZ BA BB BG BR BY BZ CA CH CN CO CR CU CZ DE DK DM DZ EC EE ES FI GB GD GE GH GM HR HU ID IL IN IS JP KE KG KP KR KZ LC LK LR LS LT LU LV MA MD MG MK MN MW MX MZ NO NZ PH PL PT RO RU SD SE SG SI SK SL TJ TM TR TT TZ UA UG US UZ VN YU ZA ZW |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: C1 Designated state(s): GH GM KE LS MW MZ SD SL SZ TZ UG ZW AM AZ BY KG KZ MD RU TJ TM AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE TR BF BJ CF CG CI CM GA GN GQ GW ML MR NE SN TD TG |
|
CFP | Corrected version of a pamphlet front page | ||
CR1 | Correction of entry in section i | ||
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2002592488 Country of ref document: JP |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2447703 Country of ref document: CA |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 10713008 Country of ref document: US |
|
REG | Reference to national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: 8642 |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |