WO2002088499A2

WO2002088499A2 - Self-contained motor-operated assembly for driving a sliding gate

Info

Publication number: WO2002088499A2
Application number: PCT/FR2002/001495
Authority: WO
Inventors: Christian Chorin
Original assignee: Christian Chorin
Priority date: 2001-04-30
Filing date: 2002-04-30
Publication date: 2002-11-07
Also published as: WO2002088499A3; DE60201351D1; EP1383980A2; EP1383980B1; ES2227467T3; DE60201351T2

Abstract

The invention concerns a self-contained motor-operated assembly for driving a sliding gate, characterised in that it comprises a power-operated unit (100) and a support (200) wherein the unit (100) is mounted with clearance and can slide in a generally vertical direction, the motor-operated unit (100) including at least a wheel (7) driven by the motor (4) and a battery (5) for powering the motor (4), the wheel being capable of being urged in contact with the ground (18) under the effect of the very weight of the motor-operated unit (100).

Description

SELF-CONTAINED MOTOR DRIVE ASSEMBLY FOR A SLIDING GATE

The invention relates to motorized opening and closing devices for gates and more particularly to devices intended for sliding gates.

Automated devices for opening and closing a sliding gate between two columns or other fixed structures are already known. These devices generally include a motor fixed to the ground which drives a toothed pinion. The pinion meshes with a rack fixed to a portal to drive the latter in translation. The gate also has wheels which allow it to move along the ground during opening and closing. To facilitate guiding the wheels, grooves can be provided on the ground between the two columns. These types of gates are generally equipped with a presence detector between the two columns which makes it possible to stop the movement of the gate if an object or a person is in its path. These detectors generally include an infrared emitter fixed on one of the columns and a receiver placed opposite the emitter on the other column and capable of detecting the light rays emitted by the emitter.

A disadvantage of these systems is that they require the machining of a pinion and a rack whose length is at least equal to the distance over which the gate moves. The manufacture of these mechanical parts is therefore expensive. Another drawback is that the installation of the rack can be tricky, in particular on openwork gates. In addition, the motor must be fixed on sufficiently hard ground and at a height allowing the contact of the pinion and the rack. Generally, a concrete screed is made to consolidate the ground and adjust the height of the engine. Another disadvantage of these systems is that they require the installation of connections allowing the supply of the motor and the presence detector. The object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a motorized assembly for driving a sliding gate, characterized in that it comprises a motorized block and a support in which the block is mounted with play and can slide in a generally vertical direction, the motorized unit comprising a motor, at least one wheel driven by the motor and a battery for supplying the motor, the wheel being able to come into contact with the ground under the effect of the unit's own weight motorized.

The motorized drive assembly has the advantage of being autonomous and of not requiring a material link with an external power supply. This characteristic allows very rapid installation of the opening and closing device.

The motorized block being mounted with play in the support, it can tilt in the plane of the wheel (s). In this way, the block keeps most of the time at least one wheel in contact with the ground despite the irregularities thereof. This advantageously allows it to adapt to the surface of the ground and to overcome the irregularities encountered.

Preferred but non-limiting aspects of the invention are as follows:

the support is fixed to the sliding portal and the motorized unit is capable of coming into horizontal abutment on said support so as to tow the sliding portal,

- The motorized unit comprises projecting support elements by means of which it comes to bear on a wall of the support fixed on the sliding gate. In an implementation of the opening and closing device, the motorized unit comprises at least two wheels aligned in the direction of movement of the sliding gate. This characteristic makes it possible to increase the contact surface of the wheels with the ground and to multiply the torque allowing the assembly to tow the sliding gate. The block may include a transmission element and the motor is capable of driving at least two of the wheels in rotation via the transmission element. Since the motor drives two wheels, the block can tilt while keeping at least one drive wheel in contact with the ground. This characteristic makes it possible to ensure the drive of the gate despite the presence of elements of small dimensions being on its trajectory.

Other preferred but nonlimiting aspects of the invention are the following:

- the motorized drive assembly comprises means forming a contact engaging with external power supply means when the sliding gate is in an extreme position of its trajectory and causing the battery to be charged, - the motorized assembly d drive includes a solar panel connected to the battery,

- presence detection means are fixed on the support,

the motorized drive assembly also comprises a control module capable of cutting off the power to the motor or of controlling the rotation of the motor in the opposite direction,

the detection means are connected to the control module and the module is capable of cutting off the power to the motor when a presence is detected on the path of the sliding gate,

- The control module includes means for detecting a battery charging phase.

Other characteristics and advantages will also emerge from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and not limiting and should be read with reference to the appended drawings among which:

FIG. 1 is a front view of an example of an autonomous motorized unit according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a side view of the block in FIG. 1,

FIG. 3 is a front view of a support for fixing the motorized unit to the sliding gate,

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the motorized unit of FIG. 1 inserted in the fixing support of FIG. 3,

FIG. 5 is a front view of a device for opening and closing a sliding gate comprising the motorized unit and the fixing support, FIG. 6 is a top view of the motorized block inserted in the fixing support,

FIG. 7 is a front section view of an example of a locking device in which the hook-shaped bolt is in the lowered position, FIG. 8 is a side view of the device in FIG. 7,

FIG. 9 is a front sectional view of the device in FIG. 7, the bolt being actuated by an electric motor,

- Figure 10 is a front sectional view of the device of Figure 7, the bolt being actuated manually, - Figure 11 is a front sectional view of an example of supply means of the locking device.

Figures 1 and 2 are front and side views of a motorized block 100. This block 100 comprises a frame 1 consisting of a plate in the general shape of U in horizontal section. A horizontal sole 2 and a vertical plate 3 are fixed between the two wings of the chassis 1. The sole 2 supports an electric motor 4 (of the vehicle window motor type for example) as well as a battery 5 and an electronic card control 6. Two wheels 7 are mounted in cantilever on the vertical plate 3. The motor 4 rotates the two wheels 7 via a reducer 13 fixed to the vertical plate 3 by buttoning.

The electronic control card 6 has four connections 7, 8, 9 and 10. This card 6 is connected to the battery 5 at connection 7. The power supply cable 11 of the motor 4 is connected to connection 8. The connections 9 and 10 are respectively connected to a presence detection cell and to end of stroke detection means not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Projecting support elements 12 are fixed to the wings of the U-shaped chassis 1 so as to come to bear on a fixing support 200 shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3, in which the motorized block 100 is inserted. These elements supports 12 are in the form of a half-cylinder slice made of polymer material (for example Delrin® or Teflon®), the support surface being constituted by the surface portion cylindrical. These elements 12 may have lateral chamfers making it possible to reduce their contact surface with the support 200 and to limit friction.

The mounting support 200 shown in Figure 3 has a general U-shape in horizontal section with a bottom plate 14 and two wings 15. It has a length L2 slightly greater than the length L1 of the motorized unit 100 so as to allow the sliding but also a certain tilting of the motorized block 100 in the support 200. Preferably the length L2 is longer than the length L1 from l to 2%.

The bottom plate 14 has holes (not shown) for fixing the support 200 by buttoning on the lower part of a sliding gate. A photosensitive cell 16 is mounted on the fixing support 200. FIGS. 4 to 6 represent bottom, front and top views of the motorized unit 100 of FIGS. 1 and 2 inserted in the fixing support 200 of FIG. 3. FIG. 5 also shows the motorized unit 100 inserted in the fixing support 200 such that they can be integrated into a device for opening and closing a sliding gate 17. In FIG. 5, the fixing support 200 is mounted integral with a portal 17 at one of its lower ends. The motorized unit 100 has been inserted into the U-shaped mounting support 200. In this way, the wheels 7 are in contact with the ground 18. When the wheels 7 are driven in rotation by the motor 4, the unit 100 moves on the ground 18 and the elements 12 come to bear on one of the wings 15 of the fixing support 200 situated in the direction of movement. The motorized unit 100 drives the portal 17 in translation via the fixing support 200.

Because the block 100 includes two wheels 7 and is mounted in the fixing support 200 with play, it is free to tilt. The block 100 mostly retains its two wheels 7 in contact with the ground 18 despite the irregularities thereof. This characteristic guarantees good adhesion of the block 100 on the ground 18. Since the motor drives the two wheels 7 in rotation, the block 100 can tilt while keeping at least one drive wheel 7 in contact with the ground 18. This characteristic makes it possible to drive the gate 17 despite the presence of elements of small dimensions being on its trajectory.

In addition, the battery 5 advantageously constitutes a weight which further increases the grip of the wheels 7 on the ground 18. This avoids the need to add an additional weight which would contribute to the bulk of the block 100. The support fixing 200 has a pair of power contactors 19 disposed on the outer surface of the wing of the fixing support 200 located on the side corresponding to the direction F of closing the gate. These contactors 19 are connected to the connector 10 of the electronic control card 6 of the motor 4. This pair of contactors 19 is positioned opposite a second pair of contactors 20 fixed on one of the columns 21, so that the two pairs of contactors 19 and 20 come into contact with one another when the gate 17 is in the closed position.

The contactors 20 fixed on the column 21 are connected to an electrical power source. When the gate 17 is in the closed position, the battery 5 is charged by this source via the contactors 19 and 20. The electronic control card 6 comprises means for detecting the passage of the charging current from the battery 5 (by example in the form of a resistance associated with a threshold detector) which allow it to detect the end of travel of the gate when it is closed F.

An infrared emitter 22 is fixed to the column 21 and connected to the aforementioned power source. This transmitter 22 is positioned opposite the detection cell 16 secured to the fixing support 200. The detection cell 16 is connected to the electronic control card 6. When a presence on the path of the portal 17 is detected by the cell 16 while the portal 17 is moving, the electronic card 6 controls the stopping of the motor 4 and, if necessary, its rotation in the opposite direction. Thus, conventionally, if a presence is detected during a phase of gate F closing 17, the electronic card 6 commands the stop and then, if necessary, the reopening O of the gate 17. Similarly, if the presence is detected during an opening phase O, the electronic card 6 commands the stop of the portal 17. In the implementation of the invention described above, the motorized unit 100 advantageously constitutes an autonomous assembly which does not require constraining wiring with an external power supply. Once the mounting support 200 has been screwed onto the gate 17, the operator responsible for the installation need only insert the motorized unit 100 into the support 200. He must then install a pair of contactors 20 on column 21 and supply wiring for these contactors. This characteristic allows very rapid installation of the opening and closing device.

Other implementations of the invention are of course possible. For example, if the sliding gate is in the open position most of the time (this is the case for example of gates located at the entrance to certain companies), it is possible to place a pair of contactors on the outer surface of the wing of the fixing support 200 being on the side corresponding to the direction of opening O of the gate 17. In this case, power contactors must be installed on the column located opposite the wing 15 on which the contactors are placed.

It is also possible to envisage installing two pairs of contactors, each on one of the wings 15 of the support 200, so as to supply the battery 5 both in the open position and in the closed position of the gate. This implementation can advantageously make it possible to detect the end of travel in both directions O and F of the movement of the gate 17.

Finally, for the assembly to be completely autonomous, a solar panel can be fixed on the gate and the emitter and the photosensitive cell can both be fixed on the fixing support 200 opposite a mirror or reflector installed on one of the columns. In this way, the motorized unit no longer requires any energy input via the contactors placed on one of the columns. The device opening and closing thus implemented is even faster to install since it does not require any installation of contactors or external energy sources.

The invention also relates to electric locks for sliding gates.

Manually operated sliding gates are generally provided with a lock comprising a hook-shaped bolt which can engage in a slot forming a keeper situated on the column on which the portal abuts. When the gate is in the closed position, the bolt is locked in the slot. Whenever you want to open the gate, it is necessary to operate the lock using a key to lift the latch and release it from the slot.

This device is particularly ill-suited to motorized sliding gates operated from a distance. Indeed, it requires that the user manually unlocks the lock each time he wants to control the opening of the gate.

This is why there are currently locks that can be actuated automatically when the gate is opened. US patent 4,434,635 filed March 6, 1984 in the name of F.A.M.A. di Sandra Borgato &

C. describes an automated hook lock that can be actuated either electrically or with a key.

The device described comprises a mechanism that can be controlled electrically. This device comprises coils, a magnetic plate, levers and spring means making it possible to maintain a hook-shaped bolt in a lowered position. When the coils are energized, the magnetic field created causes the magnetic plate to move, which then releases a lever. The released lever disengages from the spring means which made it possible to maintain the hook-shaped bolt in the low position. The bolt is then driven by a succession of levers in the raised position. In this position, it can be disengaged from the keeper. The device also includes a barrel enabling the lock to be actuated using a key. When the user turns the key in the barrel, the barrel panet pushes the magnetic plate and in the same way as before, by a lever system, the hook-shaped bolt is moved to the raised position.

This type of lock can therefore be controlled electrically by the automatic gate opening device. In the event of a power cut or the automatic opening and closing device not working, the lock can be released manually. The disadvantage of this device is that it includes many mechanical parts. It is therefore relatively expensive to manufacture and unreliable in the long term.

The object of the present invention is to provide an electric lock for a sliding gate that is simple, robust, inexpensive and can be controlled by an automatic opening and closing device.

To this end, the invention provides a locking device for a sliding gate, characterized in that it comprises an actuator, a lever element, one of the ends of which has a general hook shape, said end being able to be engaged in a keeper, and elastic means to keep the end of the element engaged in the keeper, the actuator being able to exert a force directly on the lever element to disengage the end of the hook-shaped element waste.

This locking device can be installed on a motorized gate or not. If the gate is motorized, this locking device can be used with any type of motorized gate drive assembly.

The proposed locking device comprises a simple mechanism, presenting a minimum of parts. This characteristic gives it several advantages.

In particular, because it comprises few mechanical parts, this device has an advantageous cost and great ease of assembly. In addition, it can be made using mechanical elements with simple geometric shapes, therefore easy to machine and robust. This gives the locking device great reliability.

In one implementation of the invention, the actuator is a linear output stroke motor capable of being controlled in two extreme positions.

Preferred but non-limiting aspects of the invention are as follows:

- the actuator is able to be controlled by an automated gate opening and closing device,

the locking device comprises a manual lock capable of exerting a force on the lever-forming element to disengage the end of the hook-shaped element from the keeper,

- the manual lock is a cylinder lock having a swivel pin capable of exerting a force on a double lever system to disengage the hook from the strike,

the locking device comprises a guide finger capable of being engaged in an orifice when the gate is in the closed position,

the end of the bolt forming a hook has an inclined outer surface capable of coming into contact with a rim of the keeper and of causing the element to engage in the keeper,

the locking device comprises a cover to prevent access to the element when the gate is in the closed position,

the locking device comprises contact means coming into contact with external supply means when the gate is in an extreme position of its trajectory, the contact means being connected to supply connections for the actuator,

the contact means comprise contactors capable of coming into contact with supply studs when the gate is in the closed position, the studs being movable in translation and comprising elastic means for keeping them in contact with the contactors as long as the hook element is not completely extracted from the keeper, - The external supply means are able to be controlled by an automated device for opening and closing the gate.

In FIGS. 7 to 10, the locking device 300 comprises an actuator 1 (of the car electric lock motor type) fixed to the bottom of the housing 82 and whose output axis 30 can translate between two extreme positions corresponding to a minimum extension and maximum extension along the axis X. The device 300 further comprises a bolt 50 in the general shape of a hook mounted pivoting about an axis 70 and having an extension 50 forming a lever. The hook portion 40 of the bolt 50 extends outside the housing, the hook 40 being oriented downwards. A torsion spring 60 keeps the part of the bolt 50 forming a lever resting on the end of the axis 30 of the engine.

In this way, the translation of the axis 30 of the motor along the X axis causes the bolt 40 to rotate about the axis 70. When the axis 30 is in the maximum extension position, the hook end 40 of the bolt is in the raised position. When the axis 30 is in the minimum extension position, the spring 60 exerts a restoring force on the part of the bolt 50 forming a lever and brings the hook end 40 back to the low position. In FIG. 7, the device 300 is fixed to a sliding gate 17 by means of screws 80. A column 21 constitutes a stop when the gate 17 is in the closed position. The hook portion of the bolt 40 is located opposite a slot 90 formed in the column 21 constituting the keeper in which it can come to engage. A horizontal guide finger 83 is fixed to the housing 82. This finger

83 is for example constituted by a rod whose end has a chamfer. This finger 83 is capable of coming to engage in an orifice 110 formed in the column 21 when the gate 17 is in the closed position. When the gate 17 is closed, it is moved in the direction F. During this closing phase, the hook 40 is in the low position. When the portal 17 reaches near the column 21, the finger 83 enters the orifice 110, guiding the portal 17. The end of the hook bolt 40 comprises an inclined outer surface 120 coming into contact with the lower edge 13 of the keeper 90 and constituting a guide allowing the rotation of the bolt 40 about its axis 70 in the opposite direction to the needles of a watch. This rotation generates the lifting of the hook end 40. This lifting allows the progressive engagement of the hook 40 in the keeper 90. When the hook 40 is fully engaged, the return spring 60 causes the rotation of the bolt 40 in the direction clockwise and engagement of the hook 40 in the keeper 90. A cover 140 secured to the housing 82 prevents access to the bolt 50 when the gate is in the closed position. This cover 140 consists of a U-shaped piece which envelops the horizontal part of the hook 40 of the bolt 50. In this configuration, it advantageously makes it possible to prevent a person from being able to lift the bolt 50 by sliding an element between portal 17 and column 21.

In FIG. 9, the opening of the gate 17 is controlled. The motorized opening and closing device connected to the motor by the connections 150 controls the supply of the motor 81 for a predetermined period. The axis 30 of the motor 81 moves to the position of maximum extension, causing the bolt 50 to rotate about the axis 70 in an anticlockwise direction. This rotation generates the lifting of the hook 40 and its disengagement of the keeper 90. The gate 17 can then move in the opening direction O. At the end of the predetermined duration, the power supply to the motor 81 is cut, the axis 30 returns to the minimum extension position and the hook 40 returns to the low position.

In FIG. 10, the gate 17 is opened manually. To this end, a cylinder lock 160 is actuated using a key. The bit 170 of the barrel 160 pivots and comes to bear on a lever 180 which can pivot around an axis 190 and comes to bear on the part of the bolt 50 forming a lever. This double lever system advantageously allows to multiply the torque exerted by the user on the key. The rotation of the key in the barrel 160 causes the rotation of the bolt 50 anticlockwise. The same way as in FIG. 3, this rotation generates the lifting of the hook 40 and its disengagement of the keeper 90. The gate 17 can then be moved manually in the direction O.

FIG. 11 shows an example of means for supplying the device for locking the gate 17.

These supply means comprise two fixed contactors 29 positioned on the lateral face of the housing 82 coming into contact with the column 21. These two contactors 29 are connected by two conductive wires 32 to the connections 150 for supplying the motor 81. The means of 'supply also include two movable pads 31 positioned on the column 21, facing the contactors 29. The pads 31 are connected to a source of electrical power. These studs 31 come into contact with the fixed contactors 29 when the gate 17 is in the closed position.

The supply pads 31 are movable in translation in the opening direction of the gate 17. Elastic means (not shown) keep the movable pads 31 in a position of maximum extension in the direction of the gate 17.

When the opening of the gate 17 is controlled, the motorized opening and closing device controls the supply of the motor 81 for a predetermined period. A voltage is then applied between the supply studs 31. The motor 81 actuates the bolt 50 and causes it to disengage from the keeper 90. Simultaneously, the gate 17 moves in the opening direction O.

The pads 31 are kept in contact with the contactors 29 by the elastic means. These studs 31 have a sufficient length to ensure this contact during the start of the opening of the gate 17. The hook 40 is thus held in the high position as long as the studs 31 are in contact with the contactors 29. This contact is not broken and the supply to the motor 81 is only cut off when the hook 40 is completely extracted from the keeper 90.

When the gate 17 is closed, it is moved in the direction F. The inclined outer surface 120 of the hook 40 comes into contact with the lower edge 130 of the keeper 90 and causes the rotation of the bolt 50 around its axis 70 anticlockwise. This rotation generates the lifting of the end of the hook 40 of the bolt 50 and its progressive engagement in the keeper 90. When the hook 40 is fully engaged, the return spring 60 causes the rotation of the bolt 50 in the direction of the needles a watch and the engagement of the hook 40 in the keeper 90.

When the gate 17 is closed, the contactors 29 come to bear on the movable studs 31 and cause them to retract towards the column 21. Of course, other means of supplying the locking device can be provided.

For example, in a variant of the supply means of FIG. 11, these comprise a solar panel and a battery integrated in the housing 82. The battery makes it possible to supply the voltage necessary to control the motor 81.

Claims

1. Motorized assembly for driving a sliding gate, characterized in that it comprises a motorized block (100) and a support (200) in which the block (100) is mounted with play and can slide in a generally direction vertical, the motorized unit (100) comprising a motor (4), at least one wheel (7) driven by the motor (4) and a battery (5) for supplying the motor (4), the wheel (7) being able to come into contact with the ground (18) under the effect of the own weight of the motorized unit (100).

2. Assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (200) is fixed on the gate (17) and in that the motorized block (100) is able to come into horizontal abutment on said support (200) so to pull the sliding gate (17).

3. Assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the motorized block (100) comprises projecting support elements (12) by means of which it comes to bear on a wall (15) of the support (200) fixed on the sliding gate (17).

4. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motorized unit (100) comprises at least two wheels

(7) aligned in the direction of movement of the sliding gate (17).

5. Assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that the block (100) comprises a transmission element (13) and in that the motor (4) is capable of driving in rotation at least two of the wheels (7) by l 'intermediate the transmission element (13).

6. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises means (19) forming contact engaging with external supply means (20) when the gate (17) is in a extreme position of its trajectory and causing the battery to charge (5).

7. Assembly according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a solar panel connected to the battery (5).

8. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that presence detection means (16) are fixed on the support (200).

9. Assembly according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a control module (6) capable of cutting the power supply to the motor (4) or to control the rotation of the motor (4) in the direction reverse.

10. Assembly according to claims 8 and 9, characterized in that the detection means (16) are connected to the control module (6) and in that the module (6) is capable of cutting the power supply to the motor (4 ) when a presence is detected on the path of the gate (17).

11. Assembly according to one of claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the control module (6) comprises means for detecting a charging phase of the battery (5).

12. Sliding gate, characterized in that it comprises a motorized drive assembly according to one of claims 1 to 11.

13. Gate according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises a locking device (300) comprising an actuator (81), an element (50) forming a lever, one of the ends (40) of which has a general shape of hook, said end (40) being able to be engaged in a keeper (90), and elastic means (60) for holding the end (40) of the element engaged in the keeper (90), the actuator ( 81) being able to exert a force directly on the element (50) forming a lever to disengage the hook-shaped end (40) of the keeper (90).

14. Gate according to claim 13, characterized in that the actuator (81) of the locking device is a linear output stroke motor capable of being controlled in two extreme positions.

15. Gate according to one of claims 13 or 14, characterized in that the actuator (81) of the locking device is capable of being controlled by an automated device for opening and closing the gate.

16. Gate according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the locking device (300) further comprises a lock manual (160) capable of exerting a force on the element (50) forming a lever to disengage the hook-shaped end (40) of the keeper (9).

17. Gate according to claim 16, characterized in that the manual lock (160) is a cylinder lock having a pivoting pin (170) capable of exerting a force on a double lever system to disengage the hook (40) from the keeper (90).

18. Gate according to one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that the locking device comprises a guide finger (83) capable of being engaged in an orifice (110) when the gate (17) is in the closed position .

19. Gate according to one of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that the hook end (40) has an inclined outer surface (120) capable of coming into contact with a flange (130) of the keeper (90) and to cause the element (50) to engage in the keeper (9).

20. Gate according to one of claims 13 to 19, characterized in that the locking device comprises a cover (140) to prevent access to the element (50) when the gate (17) is in the closed position.

21. Gate according to one of claims 13 to 20, characterized in that the locking device (300) comprises contact means (29) coming into contact with external supply means when the gate (17) is located in an extreme position of its trajectory, the contact means (29) being connected to connections (150) supplying the actuator (81).

22. Gate according to claim 21, characterized in that the contact means comprise contactors (29) able to come into contact with supply studs (31) when the gate (17) is in the closed position, the studs ( 31) being movable in translation and comprising elastic means for keeping them in contact with the contactors (29) as long as the element (50) forming the hook (40) is not completely extracted from the keeper (9).

23. Gate according to one of claims 21 or 22, characterized in that the external supply means are able to be controlled by an automated device for opening and closing the gate (17).