WO2002086636A2 - Systeme de programme de commande de machine et procede de commande d'une machine-outil - Google Patents

Systeme de programme de commande de machine et procede de commande d'une machine-outil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002086636A2
WO2002086636A2 PCT/DE2002/001286 DE0201286W WO02086636A2 WO 2002086636 A2 WO2002086636 A2 WO 2002086636A2 DE 0201286 W DE0201286 W DE 0201286W WO 02086636 A2 WO02086636 A2 WO 02086636A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
machine
data
module
target data
control program
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2002/001286
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002086636A3 (fr
Inventor
Frank Baumbusch
Walter Bauer
Original Assignee
Witzig & Frank Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Witzig & Frank Gmbh filed Critical Witzig & Frank Gmbh
Priority to AU2002302338A priority Critical patent/AU2002302338A1/en
Publication of WO2002086636A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002086636A2/fr
Publication of WO2002086636A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002086636A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/409—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using manual data input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panel; characterised by control panel details or by setting parameters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a program system for controlling a machine tool and a corresponding control method.
  • NC programs which allow the operator to specify the actions of the machine tools in a suitable programming language or by other inputs. These entries are based on the dimensions of the workpiece to be manufactured. These are given in a drawing, for example. The programmer or machine operator ner then enters the dimensions of the drawing at a suitable operator interface in the machine tool, or its control, and corrects the entries, if necessary, until the desired production result is achieved.
  • the machine tool In order to achieve high manufacturing accuracy on a machine tool, the machine tool is manufactured as geometrically accurate as possible. This affects the straightness of the guides, the proportionality of the feed of tool spindles and so on. If such geometric accuracy is not available, this can be corrected with the help of stored correction tables as part of the NC control. The NC programs then constantly use such correction tables as part of subroutine calls and in this way attempt to compensate for geometry errors in the machine tool.
  • NC axis is understood to mean any numerically controlled drive that is used to move a tool spindle or the workpiece.
  • NC axes are actuators and the associated ones Guides.
  • the object on which the invention is based is derived from creating a program system which, regardless of the geometric accuracy of the machine tool, permits increased machining accuracy without the cycle times being increased unreasonably or the clarity of the program structure being lost.
  • the machine control program system contains an operating module which is used to enter the desired machining operations.
  • the operating module forms the programming level.
  • the theoretical geometry of the machine tool is shown here. Corrections as they become necessary due to imprecise work results are not incorporated at these levels and are not displayed here.
  • the operating module can have a manual user interface or also a user interface for the transmission of machine-readable data, for example via data carriers or connection to a CAD system.
  • the machine control program system contains a translation module that creates a machine work program from the target dimension data that the operating module provides.
  • the machine work program belongs to the working level and contains all work instructions for the individual work spindles and actuators (NC axes) of the tool machine.
  • the translation module thus creates a machine work program that is only indirectly visible from the operating module.
  • the program system also includes a measuring module, which processes the measurement values obtained during the measurement of test workpieces and transfers them to the actual measurement data interface of the correction module.
  • the correction module is now able to correct the machine work program initially created on the basis of the target data. Based on the measurement data obtained, position values, feed values and other values that appear in the work instructions of the machine work program and characterize the machining process are now corrected. This correction has no influence on the data specified by the control module. The operator therefore does not see the correction - for him, the drawing data (or CAD data) entered once remains.
  • the machine work program is corrected on the working level directly by changing the machine work program, based on differences between the target data and the actual data, as obtained from the measuring module.
  • the cycle time of the machine tool is therefore not negatively influenced in any way. Compared to controls that use correction tables while the machine tool is in operation, the cycle time of the machine tool is significantly reduced. Any loss of time, which otherwise occurs due to the use of correction tables or correction programs, is avoided.
  • the machine tool is controlled by linear processing of the machine machine work program. This is adjusted in the measuring cycle.
  • the machine control program according to the invention allows high machining precision on machine tools that are not geometrically precisely manufactured. Guide errors, misalignments, elasticities and resilience in the guides, tools or workpiece bearings have no influence on the precision of the workpiece produced. Rather, this is achieved in the course of familiarization by correcting the machine work program. Deviations of the actual machine tool geometry from the theoretical geometry of the machine on which the programming level is based are rendered ineffective by the correction module in cooperation with the measuring module.
  • the translation module preferably contains an assignment list or assignment table in order to be able to assign the corrected processing data to the target data.
  • This enables the associated work instructions to be displayed in parallel on the user interface with the setpoint data.
  • the usability and clarity of the program system is very high.
  • the machine control program system can easily base the target data as machining data when the machine work program is first created.
  • the Correction is carried out by the correction module in one or more iteration stages.
  • the measurement module preferably combines individual measurement values from several workpieces into measurement data.
  • the measured values scatter somewhat and are then combined into measured data by the measuring module on the basis of averaging or other statistical evaluation. It depends, for example, on the formation of the mean (expected value) and the scatter of the measured values. From the scatter and the permitted tolerance range of the default values, it can be determined whether reliable production can be achieved with the desired accuracy. If not, the critical machining process for machine tools with several or many workstations can be moved to another workstation, which may allow the machining in question to be carried out with less variation.
  • the correction method mentioned takes into account deviations and inaccuracies which result from the flexibility of the workpiece, for example in thin-walled areas. All corrections are made on the working level below the operating level and are therefore invisible to the operator. If necessary, the correction values can be displayed.
  • FIG. 3 shows a method for controlling a machine tool, carried out with the machine control program system according to FIG. 1, 4 shows a machine tool in an extremely schematic representation
  • FIG. 6 shows a program system for controlling the machine tool according to FIG. 5 as a block diagram.
  • a machine control program system 1 is illustrated in a schematic representation as a block diagram. It serves bpsw. for controlling a machine tool 2, as is illustrated very schematically in FIG. 4.
  • the machine tool 2 is used to machine a workpiece 3, which can be fixed in place or, as illustrated, by a turntable.
  • a work spindle 5 with a tool 6 attached to it is assigned to the workpiece 3 and the rotary table 4.
  • the work spindle 5 is driven in rotation and can be moved by a positioning unit 7 in different, in two directions XY in the example.
  • Guides 8, 9 and drives 10, 11 are used for this purpose.
  • the guide 8 and the drive 10 form an NC axis for the X direction.
  • the guide 9 and the drive 11 form the NC axis for the Y direction.
  • the axis is formed by the drive of the rotary table 4, which is not illustrated in further detail, and the drive of the work spindle 5. All NC axes are controlled by a control device 12, ie controlled moves.
  • the control device 12 is program-controlled.
  • the machine control program system 1 according to FIG. 1 runs on the control device 12.
  • the machine control program system 1 includes an operating module 14, a translation module 15, a measuring module 16 and a correction module 17.
  • the operating module 14 has an input and output interface which serves as the operating interface 18.
  • the operating interface 18 is, for example, a manual input device (keyboard) in connection with a monitor, a data interface for connection to a CAD program or another input and output interface.
  • the function of the control module lies in user communication. It serves bpsw. the target data, such as drawing dimensions a finished part drawing or input values corresponding to these dimensions.
  • the operating module 14 can be set up to enter machining actions, such as, for example, selecting a work spindle, positioning it, driving it at a predetermined speed, feeding it in a specific direction and at a predetermined speed. These inputs form the target data.
  • the operating module 14 has a target data interface 19 which provides the target data.
  • the translation module has a corresponding target data input 21, at which it receives the target data which represent the desired ideal workpiece on a geometrically ideally precise machine tool. Based on this data, the translation module now creates a machine work program 22 which is used for direct control of the controlled NC axes. Production can be carried out with this machine work program 22, which is symbolized in FIG. 1 by a block 23.
  • the workpieces produced in this way are measured with a suitable measuring device 24 (FIG. 4), the measured data being passed as actual data via a corresponding data connection line 25 to an actual data input 26 of the correction module 15.
  • the correction module 17 receives the target data which the operating module 14 provides at its target data interface 19.
  • the correction module 27 checks whether the target data and the actual data match within a predetermined or to be entered (see data line 28) accuracy or not. If the deviation (difference) is too large, the machine work program 22 is changed either directly or with the aid of the translation module 15.
  • the machine control program system 1 described so far functions as follows:
  • the operating module 14 receives this data and transfers it to the translation module, which first of all creates a machine work program with the target coordinates 50, 50.
  • the corresponding machine work program is transferred to the control device 12 or generated therein. It now controls the production (block 23 in FIG. 1) of a sample lot. This can include one or more parts. In order to be able to obtain statistically relevant statements, a lot is preferably made that comprises several (a sufficient number) workpieces.
  • the finished workpieces are transferred to the measuring device 24 (FIG.
  • the measuring module 16 which can run part of the measuring device 24 or at another point in the overall system, now determines the actual data for the actually produced bore 31 from the measured values obtained. As a rule, their position is different from the target position shown in dashed lines in FIG. 2.
  • the correction module thus detects a deviation between the target data and the actual data. Based on this deviation, the translation module 15 now corrects the machine work program.
  • the deviations measured in the respective directions X, Y from the position values that the machine work program is to set are added or subtracted.
  • the translation module can create a list 34, which indicates which target data belong to the data actually driven and processed by the machine work program.
  • the list 34 permits the display of the current program step with target data by the operating module 14.
  • the operator is not aware that the machine work program is not affected by the drawing data ( Target data) actually has different settings and runs through them.
  • geometry errors in the machine tool, compliance of the machine tools, lack of rigidity of the workpiece and other sources of error no longer appear.
  • the machine tool does not have to be precisely manufactured in the geometric sense. Alignment errors, linearity errors, guide errors and similar sources of errors have no influence on the precision of the machining result.
  • the only requirement for the machine tool is that dimensions that arise during production are possible. can be reproduced exactly.
  • the existing position errors are then rendered ineffective by the measuring module 16 and the correction module 17. This without any loss of usability and working speed.
  • FIG. 3 For clarification, the course of the familiarization process, as it is carried out by the machine control program system 1 according to the invention, is illustrated again in FIG. 3.
  • a first machine control program is generated based on the machining data entered.
  • the correction module changes the processing data accordingly. This correction can be made one or more times until the desired actual dimensions are reached.
  • the first creation of the machine control program based on the entered machining data can take place without any consideration of geometry errors of the machine tool. However, at least when these geometry errors assume larger values, it is advantageous to already create the first machine work program taking into account such known deviations. This is possible if a corresponding table 35 is available (FIG. 1), which the translation module can use if necessary. However, this is optional.
  • a major advantage of the division into a programming level and a working level is that it is possible to work with a machine work program that does not require a description and without any subroutine calls.
  • the programmer At the user level (program At the programming level, the programmer has the option of creating a programming-friendly NC program that is easy to use (e.g. calling up work cycles and subroutines.
  • This program is translated into the work level as a directly written naked program in order to minimize cycle times on the machine If the processing of the machine work program is stopped at any point, the translation module controls the corresponding position of the operating program in the operating module, so that the existing situation and the position of the program are quasi translated back. The operator can thus immediately recognize which one Position in which situation the machine work program is currently in.
  • This system enables simple operation on very complex NC machines with many axes and extensive NC programs.
  • the division of the program system into a programming area and on one working level ensure that the machine will operate with the shortest possible cycle time. This advantage weighs heavily above all on complex machines with extensive NC programs.
  • FIG. 5 shows a modified machine tool as shown in FIG. 2.
  • This has a workpiece carrier 36 which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation 37.
  • the workpiece carrier 36 is, for example, cruciform in plan view, with turntables 104 being arranged on the flanks of the arms of the cross. These each support the workpieces 3 such that they can rotate about an axis that is oriented transversely to the axis of rotation 37 and is perpendicular to the respective side surface of the workpiece carrier 36.
  • Three workpiece positions represent machining positions, while the fourth position 38 is, for example, a loading and unloading position.
  • One or more processing units are provided at each of the other positions.
  • two turret heads 39, 40, each with a plurality of tools 41, 42, are provided.
  • the turret heads 39, 40 are not further displaced.
  • illustrated NC axes or drive units can be moved in the X and Y directions.
  • the machine control program system 1 is somewhat modified to control such a machine tool 102. In this form it is illustrated in Fig. 6. The description of the machine control program system according to FIG. 1 applies accordingly, unless expressly pointed out to differences.
  • the machine control program system 1 has the operating module 14 as before.
  • the correction module and the translation module are combined here to form a translation and correction module 15/17.
  • This first generates on the basis of the target data and, as soon as test productions are available, also on the basis of the actual data, machine work programs Ml, M2, M3, M4. These are individually assigned in turntables 104, namely Ml ⁇ TI, M2 ⁇ T2, M3 ⁇ T3, M4 ⁇ T4. Metaphorically speaking, the machine control programs M1, M2, M3, M4 each change their place when the workpiece carrier 36 is advanced by 90 °.
  • the result of this measure are the machine work programs individually assigned to the workpiece clamping stations T1 to T4, which each contain all the corrections specific to the specific clamping station and the processing units.
  • the machine tool works with four different machine work programs, 3 of which are simultaneously active (the 4th position 38 is not a machining position, but a loading and unloading station). The operator feels none of this. All he sees on the user interface is a machine control program that shows the desired dimensions.
  • a machine control program system 1 which strictly separates the programming level from the working level.
  • the programming level is assigned to an operating module 14, which only receives target data and reproduces target data.
  • a machine work program is generated that is assigned to the working level.
  • the machine work program contains the instructions and data required to manufacture the workpiece with the desired precision.
  • the data and instructions of the machine work program can differ from the data and instructions of the operating module 14.
  • measurement data from a measurement module 16 are used, which are obtained in a familiarization process.
  • the correction module 17 corrects the machine work program in such a way that the desired precision is achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de programme de commande de machine (1) qui fait une séparation stricte entre le niveau de la programmation et le niveau de fonctionnement, afin d'accroître la précision d'une machine-outil, indépendamment de la précision géométrique mécanique, et pour faciliter l'utilisation d'une telle machine-outil, ainsi qu'éventuellement pour réduire les cadences de production. Le niveau de la programmation est associé à un module de commande (14), qui ne fait que recevoir et redonner des données nominales. Au moyen d'un module de traduction et d'un module de correction, un programme de fonctionnement de la machine est généré et associé au niveau de fonctionnement. Le programme de fonctionnement de la machine comporte des instructions et des données nécessaires pour la fabrication d'une pièce en respectant la précision requise. Les données et les instructions du programme de fonctionnement de la machine peuvent différer de celles du module de commande (14). La réalisation du programme de fonctionnement de la machine fait appel aux données de mesure d'un module de mesure (16), lesquelles sont obtenues lors d'un processus d'initiation. Le module de correction (17) corrige le programme de fonctionnement de la machine de manière à atteindre la précision d'exécution requise.
PCT/DE2002/001286 2001-04-19 2002-04-09 Systeme de programme de commande de machine et procede de commande d'une machine-outil WO2002086636A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002302338A AU2002302338A1 (en) 2001-04-19 2002-04-09 Machine control program system and method for controlling a machine tool

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10119082.4 2001-04-19
DE2001119082 DE10119082A1 (de) 2001-04-19 2001-04-19 Maschinensteuerungsprogrammsystem und Verfahren zur Steuerung einer Werkzeugmaschine

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WO2002086636A2 true WO2002086636A2 (fr) 2002-10-31
WO2002086636A3 WO2002086636A3 (fr) 2003-08-21

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8417370B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2013-04-09 Hexagon Metrology Ab Apparatus and method for dimensional metrology

Families Citing this family (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10121397B4 (de) * 2001-05-02 2005-01-27 Sven Knorr Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines Werkstücks und/oder eines Werkzeugs
EP3045992B1 (fr) 2015-01-14 2020-10-14 Hexagon Technology Center GmbH Compensation d'erreurs se produisant dans un processus de production

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DE4105096A1 (de) * 1990-02-19 1991-08-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Dynamisches simulationssystem
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US5134574A (en) * 1990-02-27 1992-07-28 The Foxboro Company Performance control apparatus and method in a processing plant
DE4134750A1 (de) * 1990-10-22 1992-05-14 Toshiba Machine Co Ltd Nc-werkzeugmaschinenanlage mit einer einrichtung zum erzeugen eines nc-arbeitsprogramms und verfahren zum erzeugen eines nc-arbeitsprogramms
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8417370B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2013-04-09 Hexagon Metrology Ab Apparatus and method for dimensional metrology
US8825192B2 (en) 2003-10-17 2014-09-02 Hexagon Metrology Ab Apparatus and method for dimensional metrology

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WO2002086636A3 (fr) 2003-08-21
AU2002302338A1 (en) 2002-11-05
DE10119082A1 (de) 2002-12-19

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