WO2002084065A2 - Drilling head of a drilling device, particularly a wash drilling head of a horizontal drilling device - Google Patents

Drilling head of a drilling device, particularly a wash drilling head of a horizontal drilling device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002084065A2
WO2002084065A2 PCT/EP2002/003608 EP0203608W WO02084065A2 WO 2002084065 A2 WO2002084065 A2 WO 2002084065A2 EP 0203608 W EP0203608 W EP 0203608W WO 02084065 A2 WO02084065 A2 WO 02084065A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
drilling
drill head
head
sensor
drill
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2002/003608
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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WO2002084065A3 (en
Inventor
Hans-Joachim Bayer
Original Assignee
Tracto-Technik Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tracto-Technik Gmbh filed Critical Tracto-Technik Gmbh
Priority to AU2002316825A priority Critical patent/AU2002316825A1/en
Publication of WO2002084065A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002084065A2/en
Publication of WO2002084065A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002084065A3/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/006—Measuring wall stresses in the borehole
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/01—Devices for supporting measuring instruments on drill bits, pipes, rods or wirelines; Protecting measuring instruments in boreholes against heat, shock, pressure or the like
    • E21B47/017—Protecting measuring instruments
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/005—Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/007—Drilling by use of explosives
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/064—Deflecting the direction of boreholes specially adapted drill bits therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/24—Drilling using vibrating or oscillating means, e.g. out-of-balance masses

Definitions

  • Drilling head of a drilling device in particular rinsing drilling head of a flat drilling device
  • the invention relates to a drilling head, in particular a flushing drilling head of a flat drilling device according to the preamble of claim 1 and claims the priority of German patent application 101 16 363.0, to which reference is made in terms of content.
  • the horizontal drilling device consists essentially of the above-ground drive, an adjoining drill pipe with a flushing drilling head.
  • a position sensor, inclination sensors, roll sensors and a temperature sensor are arranged in the drill head for controlling and steering the drilling process.
  • drilling devices for oil and gas production are described, in which the drill heads are provided with sensors via which the orientation of the Drill head in the borehole can be determined during the drilling of the hole.
  • Another measuring device is also used to draw conclusions about the adjacent earth material, in particular the presence of coal water, via a resistance measurement.
  • BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE preservatives For this purpose, an alternating current is sent via the drill pipe and the drill head into the adjacent mud and into the surrounding borehole wall.
  • the desired conclusions as to the presence of hydrocarbons are obtained by means of the amount of the current flowing back, which is measured by ring electrons arranged on the drill string adjoining the drill head. In this measuring process, the drill head also works as an electrode.
  • the transducers in the form of the ring electrodes are not contained in the drill head, but in the adjacent linkage.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a drilling head, in particular a rinsing drilling head of a flat drilling device, which enables improved control of drilling processes.
  • the arrangement of a sensor for determining the physical and / or chemical properties of the soil directly in the drill head of a drilling device means that the drilling processes can be controlled more optimally, since measured values are now available directly from the driving area of the drill head.
  • the current driving conditions in the rock or soil can be taken into account accordingly and, for example, the driving, the speed of the drill head can be controlled accordingly and the drilling suspension can be continuously adapted. This is comparable to a driver who continuously receives parameters such as speed, speed and fuel consumption via his vehicle and can react accordingly in combination with the existing road surface.
  • This drilling head according to the invention is suitable for use in all areas and fields of application of horizontal and oblique drilling technology and in some areas of vertical drilling technology and thus, for example, for construction work in supply engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental technology, special civil engineering, tunnel construction, parallel drilling requirements, soil improvement, injection technology as well as exploration and development of deposits and sampling.
  • At least one actuator for destruction or comminution of the soil and / or the loosened soil can be arranged in the borehole in the drill head.
  • an actuator such as an ultrasound transmitter, can be switched on.
  • the drill head is protected accordingly.
  • the drilling head is preferably designed as a flushing drilling head with a corresponding channel for the supply of the flushing medium.
  • the measured values or further processed measurement data determined by the sensor (s) in the drill head are transmitted to the earth's surface via a transmitter arranged in the drill head. Transmission via a cable is also possible.
  • a sensor is preferably formed in the drill head for measuring the counterpressure of the soil in the borehole and preferably has an im Area of the circumferential surface of the drill head applied pressure measuring strips (as they are common in soil and rock mechanics).
  • the measurement of the back pressure at the drill head gives clear indications of the rock strength, the bond effect of the rock structure or isolated hard elements such as boulders, fillings or foreign pipes and thus offers the possibility of changing the flushing pressure, the flushing volume and the feed force on Linkage to adjust the speed of rotation of the drill head and thus improve.
  • a sensor for measuring the viscosity of the drilling fluid is used as a further sensor in the drilling head, which sensor is preferably arranged on a return flow channel for the flushing medium in the drilling head, via which the capillary viscosity can be measured.
  • a permanent measurement of the viscosity of the mud enables statements to be made about the removal of the rock material or the loading of the mud with rock material. In this way, any disruption to discharge or the risk of constipation can be recognized at an early stage and avoided, for example, by modulating the flush.
  • a further sensor for measuring the grain number and size of the dissolved earth material, in particular rock material which is likewise preferably arranged in the return head in a backflow channel for the flushing medium and is designed as a multiple contact sensor.
  • the recording of the grain number and size of the loosened rock material enables decisive conclusions to be drawn about the quantity and quality of the drilling head and thus about the drilling progress and the drilling quality.
  • the number and size of the particles can also be determined by measuring the drilling noise, the turbidity of the rinsing liquid. speed, the density of the rinsing liquid or the surface friction on the outside of the drill head.
  • sensors can be provided on and in the drill head for measuring the pH value of the flush, the eH value of the flush, the temperature of the drill head and / or the flow rate of the flushing medium.
  • Soil changes e.g. due to acidification, rock changes or artificial influences, are indicated via the pH value of the flushing.
  • the rinsing can be normalized again in the shortest possible time and its performance can be maintained.
  • the eH value is relatively easy to measure and gives information about mineral deficiency or pollutant loads, about possible salt levels in the soil, which can interfere with optimal flushing.
  • a multiple temperature measurement in the drill head at different points provides knowledge of the frictional resistance at the drill head. Since the soil temperature is relatively constant, an increase in temperature is primarily attributable to an increase in friction at the drill head. Correspondingly, an intensified wear of the drill head can then be counteracted by intensifying the flushing or actuating actuators.
  • Optimal control of the drilling process can be achieved if the drill head has sensors for measuring the back pressure of the soil in the borehole, the grain number and size of the dissolved rock material, the viscosity of the drilling fluid, the pH value of the drilling fluid, the temperature and the flow rate of the Has flushing.
  • an actuator for destruction or comminution of the soil and / or the loosened soil in the borehole is arranged in the drill head, which actuator is designed as a vibration transmitter, in particular an ultrasonic transmitter.
  • An ultrasound transmitter arranged in the front of the drill head and directed against the rock offers good possibilities for the rock to be penetrated with cracks. In this way, the strength of the rock can be taken away, so that it can be removed more easily.
  • the actuator can also be designed as a detonator and / or acid dispenser. It is also possible to design the actuator as a type of stimulus source, such as a microwave transmitter or a gas cartridge.
  • a control surface element for controlling the direction of the drill head is pivotally mounted on the drill head and can be turned out laterally via an actuator arranged in the drill head.
  • other actuators can be used to switch on the back-facing drill head nozzles.
  • FIG. 1 is a view of a rinsing drill head according to the invention in a first embodiment
  • Fig. 2 is a view of a rinsing drill head according to the invention in a second embodiment
  • Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a rinsing drill head according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a drilling head 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a rinsing drilling head with nozzles 2.
  • the nozzles 2 are arranged in the front surface 1a of the drill head 1, which essentially consists of a conical tip 1b and a cylinder part 1c which adjoins it and tapers slightly away from the tip 1b.
  • Channel sections 3a for a detergent are connected to the nozzles 2 inserted into the front surface 1a of the drilling head 1.
  • the channel sections 3a assigned to each nozzle 2 open into a common channel 3 which is essentially Chen runs centrally in the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 and is aligned in the longitudinal direction L of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1.
  • two return flow channels 4 are provided on the drilling head 1 for the used and back-flowing detergent.
  • the return flow channels 4 begin at an inlet opening 5 in the front surface 1a of the drill head 1, then run essentially straight and parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 and, after a slight curvature, open into one in the peripheral surface 1d of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 outlet opening 6 arranged therein.
  • sensors 7a, 7b and 8 are arranged, by means of which the viscosity of the rinsing agent flowing back and, on the other hand, the grain number and size of the dissolved earth material, in particular dissolved rock material, can be determined.
  • the capillary viscosity is measured on the left return flow channel 4 via two sensors 7a and 7b arranged at a defined distance I, which are designed as a micromechanical sensor.
  • the minimum distance should be determined by the interference limit, while the viscosity measurement increases in quality with increasing distance.
  • a glass fiber clamped at one end and surrounded by the detergent and excited to transverse vibrations can be used as the sensor.
  • the density and viscosity of the detergent can be determined on the basis of the phase difference between the excitation and the deflection of the one fiber end, which is measured with a displacement transducer and measured as a function of the excitation frequency. Ultrasonic and inductive sensors are used as displacement sensors.
  • a plurality of sensors 8 are arranged along its wall and in the region of its straight part. These sensors 8 are designed as contact plates, via which the intensity and the number of strokes the grain touches are registered. The grain number and size of the dissolved rock material can then be determined here.
  • the sensors 7a, 7b and 8 are connected via lines 9 to a transmitter 10 which is also arranged in the drill head 1 and via which the measured values determined or prepared can be sent wirelessly to the earth's surface.
  • the transmitter 10 is arranged in the region of the end of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 facing away from the front surface 1a.
  • the drilling head 1 which is also designed as a flushing drilling head, is, as already described for FIG. 1, provided with nozzles 2 for the flushing agent.
  • the transmitter 10 already described for transmitting the measurement data to the surface of the earth is also arranged there in the cylinder part 1c of the drilling head 1.
  • the nozzles 2 are only inserted in a ring shape in the front surface 1 a of the drill head 1, so that a central installation space for an actuator 22 remains.
  • This actuator 22 adjoining the front surface 1 a is designed as an ultrasound transmitter in order to destroy or crush rock material in the borehole if necessary.
  • recesses 11 are provided, the inlet opening 5 of which are covered with protective grids 12 and with a semi-permeable wall 13. Sufficient space for receiving sensors 14 and 15 thus remains in the recess 11 behind the semipermeable wall 13. Furthermore, the recess 11 is connected via an outlet channel 14 to an outlet opening 6 arranged in the peripheral surface 1d. Furthermore, a check valve (not shown) is provided in the outlet channel 14, so that the rinsing agent flowing back into the recess 11 via the inlet opening 5 can only leave the recess 11 via the outlet channel 14.
  • the sensors 15 and 16 are designed as pH and eH measuring electrodes. Soil changes, for example due to acidification and rock changes or artificial influences, can be detected by determining the pH value of the flushing. The salinity, mineral deficiency or pollutant loads in the soil can be determined by determining the eH value.
  • FIG. 3 shows a cross section through a drilling head 1 according to the invention, which is also designed as a rinsing drilling head with a nozzle 2.
  • a plate-shaped control surface element 17 is arranged on the peripheral surface 1d of the drilling head 1, by means of which a directional control of the drilling head 1 is possible during the advance.
  • This control surface element 17 is pivotally mounted in the region of the front surface 1 a of the drill head 1 via an axis 18 which extends essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction L.
  • a further sensor 19 is provided, which is designed as a pressure measuring strip and is embedded in the surface of the peripheral surface 1d.
  • the back pressure of the soil in the borehole can be measured via this pressure measuring strip 19, whereby indications of the rock strength, the bond effect of the rock structure and also occasionally hard elements, for example boulders, fillings or foreign pipes, can be obtained.
  • the possibility is thus obtained by changing the flushing pressure, the flushing volume, the feed force on the linkage, the rotational speed of the drill head, and to adapt and thus improve the propulsion of the drill head.
  • Further sensors 19 in the form of pressure measuring strips are provided in the area of the peripheral surface 1d in the extension of the retracted control element 17.
  • a switch sensor 20 is also provided on the drill head 1 and is arranged on the channel 3 for the detergent.
  • This switching sensor 20 is assigned to the channel 3 as a switch element and can thus divert the detergent flow into a branch duct 21 in order to flow behind the control surface element 17 with the aid of the detergent flow and thus fold out laterally.
  • the switching element is switched in response to pulsed flushing pressure surges.
  • the switching element can also be switched via special signals by means of the transmitter 10.

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling head, particularly a wash drilling head of a horizontal drilling device, comprising sensors that are placed inside the drilling head. Among the sensors placed inside the drilling head is at least one sensor, which is provided for determining physical and/or chemical properties of the soil and/or of the loosened soil inside the drill hole.

Description

"Bohrkopf einer Bohreinrichtunq, insbesondere Spülbohrkopf einer Flachbohreinrichtunq" "Drilling head of a drilling device, in particular rinsing drilling head of a flat drilling device"
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bohrkopf, insbesondere einen Spülbohrkopf einer Flachbohreinrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 und nimmt die Priorität der deutschen Patentanmeldung 101 16 363.0 in Anspruch, auf die inhaltlich Bezug genommen wird.The invention relates to a drilling head, in particular a flushing drilling head of a flat drilling device according to the preamble of claim 1 and claims the priority of German patent application 101 16 363.0, to which reference is made in terms of content.
Aus DE 198 19 626 A1 ist ein lenkbares Horizontalbohrgerät für eine Verlegung von Versorgungsleitungen für Gas, Fernwärme, Trinkwasser und/oder Abwasser sowie von Schutzrohren für Kabel jeglicher Art bekannt. Das Horizontal bohrgerät besteht im wesentlichen aus dem oberirdischen Antrieb, einem hieran anschließenden Bohrgestänge mit einem Spülbohrkopf. Für eine Steuerung und Lenkung des Bohrvorganges sind in dem Bohrkopf ein Ortungssensor, Neigungssensoren, Verrollungssensoren und ein Temperaturfühler angeordnet.DE 198 19 626 A1 discloses a steerable horizontal drilling device for laying supply lines for gas, district heating, drinking water and / or waste water and protective pipes for cables of all kinds. The horizontal drilling device consists essentially of the above-ground drive, an adjoining drill pipe with a flushing drilling head. A position sensor, inclination sensors, roll sensors and a temperature sensor are arranged in the drill head for controlling and steering the drilling process.
Des weiteren sind in der Zeitschrift "Oilfield Review 5, Nr. 2/3, April/Juli 1993, Seiten 44 bis 54" Bohreinrichtungen für die Öl- und Gasgewinnung beschrieben, bei denen die Bohrköpfe mit Sensoren versehen sind, über die die Ausrichtung des Bohrkopfes im Bohrloch während des Vortriebs der Bohrung bestimmt werden kann. Auch wird eine weitere Meßvorrichtung eingesetzt, um über eine Widerstandsmessung Rückschlüsse auf den angrenzenden Erdstoff, insbesondere das Vorhandensein von Kohlenwas-Furthermore, in the magazine "Oilfield Review 5, No. 2/3, April / July 1993, pages 44 to 54" drilling devices for oil and gas production are described, in which the drill heads are provided with sensors via which the orientation of the Drill head in the borehole can be determined during the drilling of the hole. Another measuring device is also used to draw conclusions about the adjacent earth material, in particular the presence of coal water, via a resistance measurement.
BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE serstoffen, zu erhalten. Hierfür wird ein Wechselstrom über das Bohrgestänge und den Bohrkopf in den angrenzenden Spülschlamm und in die umgebende Bohrlochwandung gesandt. Mittels des Betrages des zurückfließenden Stromes, der von an dem Bohrkopf angrenzenden Bohrgestänge angeordneten Ringelektronen gemessen wird, ergeben sich die gewünschten Rückschlüsse auf ein Vorhandensein von Kohlenwasserstoffen. Bei diesem Meßvorgang arbeitet der Bohrkopf auch als Elektrode. Die Meßwertaufnehmer in Form der Ringelektroden sind jedoch nicht im Bohrkopf, sondern in dem angrenzenden Gestänge enthalten.BESTATIGUNGSKOPIE preservatives. For this purpose, an alternating current is sent via the drill pipe and the drill head into the adjacent mud and into the surrounding borehole wall. The desired conclusions as to the presence of hydrocarbons are obtained by means of the amount of the current flowing back, which is measured by ring electrons arranged on the drill string adjoining the drill head. In this measuring process, the drill head also works as an electrode. The transducers in the form of the ring electrodes are not contained in the drill head, but in the adjacent linkage.
Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Bohrkopf, insbesondere einen Spülbohrkopf einer Flachbohreinrichtung, zu schaffen, der eine verbesserte Steuerung von Bohrvorgängen ermöglicht.Starting from this prior art, the present invention is based on the object of creating a drilling head, in particular a rinsing drilling head of a flat drilling device, which enables improved control of drilling processes.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch einen Bohrkopf, insbesondere einem Spülbohrkopf einer Flachbohreinrichtung, mit den Merkmalen des unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen enthalten.This object is achieved by a drilling head, in particular a flushing drilling head of a flat drilling device, with the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are contained in the dependent claims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird durch die Anordnung eines Sensors zum Ermitteln der physikalischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften des Erdstoffs unmittelbar in dem Bohrkopf einer Bohreinrichtung erreicht, daß die Bohrvorgänge optimaler gesteuert werden können, da nunmehr Meßwerte direkt aus dem Vortriebsbereich des Bohrkopfes vorliegen. Somit kann den aktuellen Vortriebsverhältnissen im Gestein bzw. Erdreich entsprechend Rechnung getragen werden und beispielsweise der Vortrieb, die Drehzahl des Bohrkopfes entsprechend gesteuert werden sowie die Bohrsuspension laufend angepaßt werden. Vergleichbar ist dies mit einem Autofahrer, der laufend Parameter, wie beispielsweise Geschwindigkeit, Drehzahl, Verbrauch über sein Fahrzeug erhält und in Kombination mit dem vorhandenen Straßenbelag entsprechend reagieren kann. Dieser erfindungsgemäße Bohrkopf eignet sich für einen Einsatz in allen Bereichen und Anwendungsfeldern der Horizontal- und Schrägbohrtechnik und in einigen Bereichen der Vertikalbohrtechnik und somit beispielsweise für Baumaßnahmen der Versorgungstechnik, Geotechnik, Umwelttechnik, des Spezialtiefbaus, des Tunnelbaus, des Parallelbohrbedarfs, der Bodenverbesserung, der Injektionstechnik sowie der Lagerstättenerkundung und -er- schließung und der Probennahme.According to the invention, the arrangement of a sensor for determining the physical and / or chemical properties of the soil directly in the drill head of a drilling device means that the drilling processes can be controlled more optimally, since measured values are now available directly from the driving area of the drill head. Thus, the current driving conditions in the rock or soil can be taken into account accordingly and, for example, the driving, the speed of the drill head can be controlled accordingly and the drilling suspension can be continuously adapted. This is comparable to a driver who continuously receives parameters such as speed, speed and fuel consumption via his vehicle and can react accordingly in combination with the existing road surface. This drilling head according to the invention is suitable for use in all areas and fields of application of horizontal and oblique drilling technology and in some areas of vertical drilling technology and thus, for example, for construction work in supply engineering, geotechnical engineering, environmental technology, special civil engineering, tunnel construction, parallel drilling requirements, soil improvement, injection technology as well as exploration and development of deposits and sampling.
Zusätzlich kann in dem Bohrkopf mindestens ein Aktor für eine Zerstörung bzw. Zerkleinerung des Erdstoffs und/oder des gelösten Erdstoffs im Bohrloch angeordnet sein. So kann bei Erkennen einer Veränderung des Gesteinsmaterials durch den Sensor zum Ermitteln von physikalischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften des Erdstoffs und/oder des gelösten Erdstoffs im Bohrloch zur Unterstützung des Vortriebes ein Aktor, wie beispielsweise ein Ultraschallgeber, zugeschaltet werden. Gleichzeitig wird hierdurch der Bohrkopf entsprechend geschont.In addition, at least one actuator for destruction or comminution of the soil and / or the loosened soil can be arranged in the borehole in the drill head. Thus, when a change in the rock material is detected by the sensor for determining physical and / or chemical properties of the soil and / or the dissolved soil in the borehole to support the advance, an actuator, such as an ultrasound transmitter, can be switched on. At the same time, the drill head is protected accordingly.
Vorzugsweise ist der Bohrkopf als Spülbohrkopf mit einem entsprechenden Kanal für die Zufuhr des Spülmediums ausgebildet.The drilling head is preferably designed as a flushing drilling head with a corresponding channel for the supply of the flushing medium.
Vorteilhafterweise werden die von dem/den Sensor/en in dem Bohrkopf ermittelten Meßwerte bzw. weiterverarbeiteten Meßdaten über einen in dem Bohrkopf angeordneten Sender an die Erdoberfläche übermittelt. Auch ist eine Übertragung über ein Kabel möglich.Advantageously, the measured values or further processed measurement data determined by the sensor (s) in the drill head are transmitted to the earth's surface via a transmitter arranged in the drill head. Transmission via a cable is also possible.
Um eine zuverlässige Funktionsweise der/die Sensor/en in dem Bohrkopf zu gewährleisten, sind diese in dem Bohrkopf abgedichtet und schockgedämpft angeordnet.In order to ensure reliable functioning of the sensor (s) in the drill head, they are sealed in the drill head and arranged in a shock-absorbing manner.
Bevorzugt ist ein Sensor in dem Bohrkopf für eine Messung des Gegendrucks des Erdstoffs im Bohrloch ausgebildet und weist vorzugsweise ein im Bereich der Umfangsfläche des Bohrkopfes aufgebrachten Druckmeßstreifen (wie sie in der Boden- und Felsmechanik üblich sind) auf. Die Messung des Gegendruckes am Bohrkopf (Erdwiderstand) gibt klare Hinweise auf die Gesteinsfestigkeit, die Verbundwirkung des Gesteinsgefüges oder auf vereinzelte harte Elemente, wie beispielsweise Findlinge, Auffüllungen oder Fremdleitungen und bietet somit die Möglichkeit, durch Veränderung des Spülungsdruckes, des Spülungsvolumens, der Vorschubkraft am Gestänge, der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfes den Vortrieb anzupassen und somit zu verbessern.A sensor is preferably formed in the drill head for measuring the counterpressure of the soil in the borehole and preferably has an im Area of the circumferential surface of the drill head applied pressure measuring strips (as they are common in soil and rock mechanics). The measurement of the back pressure at the drill head (earth resistance) gives clear indications of the rock strength, the bond effect of the rock structure or isolated hard elements such as boulders, fillings or foreign pipes and thus offers the possibility of changing the flushing pressure, the flushing volume and the feed force on Linkage to adjust the speed of rotation of the drill head and thus improve.
Vorteilhafterweise kommt als weiterer Sensor in dem Bohrkopf ein Sensor für eine Messung der Viskosität der Bohrspülung zum Einsatz, der vorzugsweise an einem Rückströmungskanal für das Spülmedium im Bohrkopf angeordnet ist, über dem die Kapillarviskosität meßbar ist. Über eine permanente Messung der Viskosität der Spülung sind Aussagen über den Abtrag des Gesteinsmaterials oder die Beladung der Spülung mit Gesteinsmaterial möglich. Somit können etwaige Austragungsbehinderungen bzw. Verstopfungsgefahren frühzeitig erkannt und beispielsweise über eine Modulation der Spülung vermieden werden.Advantageously, a sensor for measuring the viscosity of the drilling fluid is used as a further sensor in the drilling head, which sensor is preferably arranged on a return flow channel for the flushing medium in the drilling head, via which the capillary viscosity can be measured. A permanent measurement of the viscosity of the mud enables statements to be made about the removal of the rock material or the loading of the mud with rock material. In this way, any disruption to discharge or the risk of constipation can be recognized at an early stage and avoided, for example, by modulating the flush.
Auch ist in dem Bohrkopf ein weiterer Sensor für eine Messung der Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Erdstoffs, insbesondere Gesteinsmaterials, vorgesehen, der ebenfalls vorzugsweise in dem Bohrkopf in einem Rückströmungskanal für das Spülmedium angeordnet und als multipler Kontaktsensor ausgebildet ist. Das Erfassen der Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Gesteinsmaterials ermöglicht entscheidende Rückschlüsse auf die Abtragsmenge und -qualität des Bohrkopfes und damit auf den Bohrfortschritt und die Bohrungsqualität. Auch hier besteht in Abhängigkeit des Meßergebnisses die Möglichkeit eines steuernden Eingriffes durch Veränderung des Vorschubes, des Spülungsdruckes, der Spülungsmenge und der Zuschaltung der Aktoren. Grundsätzlich ist eine Bestimmung der Kornzahl und -große auch über eine Messung von Bohrgeräuschen, der Trübung der Spülflüssig- keit, der Dichte der Spülflüssigkeit oder der Oberflächenreibung an der Außenseite des Bohrkopfes möglich.Also provided in the drill head is a further sensor for measuring the grain number and size of the dissolved earth material, in particular rock material, which is likewise preferably arranged in the return head in a backflow channel for the flushing medium and is designed as a multiple contact sensor. The recording of the grain number and size of the loosened rock material enables decisive conclusions to be drawn about the quantity and quality of the drilling head and thus about the drilling progress and the drilling quality. Depending on the measurement result, there is also the possibility of a control intervention by changing the feed, the flushing pressure, the flushing quantity and the connection of the actuators. In principle, the number and size of the particles can also be determined by measuring the drilling noise, the turbidity of the rinsing liquid. speed, the density of the rinsing liquid or the surface friction on the outside of the drill head.
Zusätzlich können am und im Bohrkopf Sensoren für eine Messung des pH- Wertes der Spülung, des eH-Wertes der Spülung, der Temperatur des Bohrkopfes und/oder der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Spülmediums vorgesehen sein. Über den pH-Wert der Spülung werden Bodenveränderungen, beispielsweise durch Versäuerung, durch Gesteinswechsel oder durch künstliche Einflüsse angezeigt. Durch Spülungsbeigabe, beispielsweise Sodaasche, kann die Spülung in kürzester Zeit wieder normalisiert und deren Leistungsfähigkeit erhalten bleiben. Genauso wie der pH-Wert erfaßt werden kann, ist der eH-Wert relativ einfach meßbar und gibt Angaben über Mineralmangel oder über Schadstofffrachten über mögliche Salzgehalte im Boden an, die eine optimale Spülung stören können. Eine multiple Temperaturmessung im Bohrkopf an verschiedenen Punkten gibt Kenntnisse über Reibungswiderstände am Bohrkopf. Da die Bodentemperatur relativ konstant ist, ist ein Temperaturanstieg primär einer Reibungserhöhung am Bohrkopf zuzuordnen. Entsprechend kann dann durch eine Spülungsintensivierung oder einer Betätigung von Aktoren einem erhöhten Verschleiß des Bohrkopfes entgegengewirkt werden.In addition, sensors can be provided on and in the drill head for measuring the pH value of the flush, the eH value of the flush, the temperature of the drill head and / or the flow rate of the flushing medium. Soil changes, e.g. due to acidification, rock changes or artificial influences, are indicated via the pH value of the flushing. By adding rinsing, for example soda ash, the rinsing can be normalized again in the shortest possible time and its performance can be maintained. Just as the pH value can be recorded, the eH value is relatively easy to measure and gives information about mineral deficiency or pollutant loads, about possible salt levels in the soil, which can interfere with optimal flushing. A multiple temperature measurement in the drill head at different points provides knowledge of the frictional resistance at the drill head. Since the soil temperature is relatively constant, an increase in temperature is primarily attributable to an increase in friction at the drill head. Correspondingly, an intensified wear of the drill head can then be counteracted by intensifying the flushing or actuating actuators.
Eine optimale Steuerung des Bohrvorganges kann erreicht werden, wenn der Bohrkopf Sensoren für eine Messung des Gegendrucks des Erdreichs im Bohrloch, der Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Gesteinsmaterials, der Viskosität der Bohrspülung, der pH-Wert der Spülung, der Temperatur und die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Spülung aufweist.Optimal control of the drilling process can be achieved if the drill head has sensors for measuring the back pressure of the soil in the borehole, the grain number and size of the dissolved rock material, the viscosity of the drilling fluid, the pH value of the drilling fluid, the temperature and the flow rate of the Has flushing.
Zusätzlich ist in dem Bohrkopf ein Aktor für eine Zerstörung bzw. Zerkleinerung des Erdreichs und/oder des gelösten Erdreichs im Bohrloch angeordnet, der als Schwingungsgeber, insbesondere Ultraschallgeber, ausgebildet ist. Ein in der Bohrkopffront angeordneter und gegen das Gestein gerichteter Ultraschallgeber bietet gute Möglichkeiten, das zu durchörternde Gestein it Spaltrissen zu versehen. Hierdurch kann dem Gestein die Festigkeit genommen werden, so daß dieses besser abgetragen werden kann. Auch kann der Aktor als Sprengkapselauswurf und/oder Säurespender ausgebildet sein. Weiterhin besteht die Möglichkeit, den Aktor als eine Art Reizquelle wie beispielsweise einen Mikrowellengeber oder eine Gaspatrone auszubilden.In addition, an actuator for destruction or comminution of the soil and / or the loosened soil in the borehole is arranged in the drill head, which actuator is designed as a vibration transmitter, in particular an ultrasonic transmitter. An ultrasound transmitter arranged in the front of the drill head and directed against the rock offers good possibilities for the rock to be penetrated with cracks. In this way, the strength of the rock can be taken away, so that it can be removed more easily. The actuator can also be designed as a detonator and / or acid dispenser. It is also possible to design the actuator as a type of stimulus source, such as a microwave transmitter or a gas cartridge.
Vorteilhafterweise ist an dem Bohrkopf ein Steuerflächenelement zur Richtungssteuerung des Bohrkopfes schwenkbar gelagert, das über einen in dem Bohrkopf angeordneten Aktor seitlich ausstellbar ist. Grundsätzlich können weitere Aktoren dazu dienen, rückwärts gerichtete Bohrkopfdüsen zuzuschalten.Advantageously, a control surface element for controlling the direction of the drill head is pivotally mounted on the drill head and can be turned out laterally via an actuator arranged in the drill head. In principle, other actuators can be used to switch on the back-facing drill head nozzles.
Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand von in Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigen:The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings. The drawing shows:
Fig. 1 eine Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Spülbohrkopfes in einer ersten Ausführungsform,1 is a view of a rinsing drill head according to the invention in a first embodiment,
Fig. 2 eine Ansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Spülbohrkopfes in einer zweiten Ausführungsform undFig. 2 is a view of a rinsing drill head according to the invention in a second embodiment and
Fig. 3 einen Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Spülbohrkopf.Fig. 3 shows a cross section through a rinsing drill head according to the invention.
Die Fig. 1 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf einen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf 1 , der als Spülbohrkopf mit Düsen 2 ausgebildet ist. Die Düsen 2 sind in der Frontfläche 1a des Bohrkopfes 1 angeordnet, der im wesentlichen aus einer kegelförmigen Spitze 1 b und einem sich hieran anschließenden sowie von der Spitze 1 b weg leicht verjüngenden Zylinderteil 1c besteht. An die in die Frontfläche 1a des Bohrkopfes 1 eingesetzten Düsen 2 schließen sich Kanalabschnitte 3a für ein Spülmittel an. Die jeder Düse 2 zugeordneten Kanalabschnitte 3a münden in einem gemeinsamen Kanal 3, der im wesentli- chen zentral in dem Zylinderteil 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 verläuft und in Längsrichtung L des Zylinderteils 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 ausgerichtet ist.1 shows a plan view of a drilling head 1 according to the invention, which is designed as a rinsing drilling head with nozzles 2. The nozzles 2 are arranged in the front surface 1a of the drill head 1, which essentially consists of a conical tip 1b and a cylinder part 1c which adjoins it and tapers slightly away from the tip 1b. Channel sections 3a for a detergent are connected to the nozzles 2 inserted into the front surface 1a of the drilling head 1. The channel sections 3a assigned to each nozzle 2 open into a common channel 3 which is essentially Chen runs centrally in the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 and is aligned in the longitudinal direction L of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1.
Des weiteren sind an dem Bohrkopf 1 zwei Rückströmungskanäle 4 für das verbrauchte und rückfließende Spülmittel vorgesehen. Die Rückströmungskanäle 4 beginnen an einer Eintrittsöffnung 5 in der Frontfläche 1a des Bohrkopfes 1 , verlaufen dann im wesentlichen gerade und parallel zur Längsrichtung L des Zylinderteils 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 und münden nach einer leichten Krümmung in der Umfangsfläche 1d des Zylinderteils 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 in einer darin angeordneten Austrittsöffnung 6. Entlang des geraden Abschnittes dieses Rückströmungskanals 4 sind Sensoren 7a, 7b und 8 angeordnet, über die einerseits die Viskosität des rückströmenden Spülmittels und andererseits die Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Erdstoffs, insbesondere gelösten Gesteinsmaterials, bestimmt werden kann.Furthermore, two return flow channels 4 are provided on the drilling head 1 for the used and back-flowing detergent. The return flow channels 4 begin at an inlet opening 5 in the front surface 1a of the drill head 1, then run essentially straight and parallel to the longitudinal direction L of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 and, after a slight curvature, open into one in the peripheral surface 1d of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 outlet opening 6 arranged therein. Along the straight section of this return flow channel 4, sensors 7a, 7b and 8 are arranged, by means of which the viscosity of the rinsing agent flowing back and, on the other hand, the grain number and size of the dissolved earth material, in particular dissolved rock material, can be determined.
Die Messung der Kapilarviskosität erfolgt an dem linken Rückströmungska- nal 4 über zwei in einem definierten Abstand I angeordneten Sensoren 7a und 7b, die als mikromechanischer Sensor ausgebildet sind. Der Mindestabstand sollte durch die Interferenzgrenze bestimmt sein, während die Viskositätsmessung mit zunehmendem Abstand an Qualität gewinnt. Beispielsweise kann als Sensor eine an einem Ende eingespannte von dem Spülmittel umgebene und zu Transversalschwingungen angeregte Glasfaser verwendet werden. Anhand der Phasendifferenz zwischen der Anregung und der mit einem Wegaufnehmer erfaßten Auslenkung des einen Faserendes, die als Funktion der Anregungsfrequenz gemessen wird, kann die Dichte und die Viskosität des Spülmittels bestimmt werden. Als Wegaufnehmer kommen Ultraschallaufnehmer sowie induktive Aufnehmer zum Einsatz.The capillary viscosity is measured on the left return flow channel 4 via two sensors 7a and 7b arranged at a defined distance I, which are designed as a micromechanical sensor. The minimum distance should be determined by the interference limit, while the viscosity measurement increases in quality with increasing distance. For example, a glass fiber clamped at one end and surrounded by the detergent and excited to transverse vibrations can be used as the sensor. The density and viscosity of the detergent can be determined on the basis of the phase difference between the excitation and the deflection of the one fiber end, which is measured with a displacement transducer and measured as a function of the excitation frequency. Ultrasonic and inductive sensors are used as displacement sensors.
In dem weiteren Rückströmungskanal 4 auf der rechten Seite des Bohrkopfes 1 sind entlang dessen Wandung sowie im Bereich dessen geraden Teils eine Vielzahl von Sensoren 8 angeordnet. Diese Sensoren 8 sind als Kontaktplättchen ausgebildet, über die die Intensität und die Anschlagzahl der Kornberührungen registriert werden. Hierüber kann dann die Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Gesteinsmaterials ermittelt werden.In the further backflow channel 4 on the right side of the drill head 1, a plurality of sensors 8 are arranged along its wall and in the region of its straight part. These sensors 8 are designed as contact plates, via which the intensity and the number of strokes the grain touches are registered. The grain number and size of the dissolved rock material can then be determined here.
Die Sensoren 7a, 7b und 8 sind über Leitungen 9 mit einem Sender 10 verbunden, der ebenfalls im Bohrkopf 1 angeordnet ist und über den die ermittelten bzw. aufbereiteten Meßwerte drahtlos an die Erdoberfläche gesandt werden können. Der Sender 10 ist dem Bereich des von der Frontfläche 1a abgewandten Endes des Zylinderteils 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 angeordnet.The sensors 7a, 7b and 8 are connected via lines 9 to a transmitter 10 which is also arranged in the drill head 1 and via which the measured values determined or prepared can be sent wirelessly to the earth's surface. The transmitter 10 is arranged in the region of the end of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1 facing away from the front surface 1a.
Die Fig. 2 zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf 1 in einer weiteren Ausführungsform. Der ebenfalls als Spülbohrkopf ausgebildete Bohrkopf 1 ist, wie bereits zu der Fig. 1 beschrieben, mit Düsen 2 für das Spülmittel versehen. Auch ist dort der bereits beschriebene Sender 10 zur Übertragung der Meßdaten an die Erdoberfläche in dem Zylinderteil 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 angeordnet. Bei diesem Bohrkopf sind die Düsen 2 nur ringförmig in die Frontfläche 1 a des Bohrkopfes 1 eingesetzt, so daß ein zentraler Einbauraum für einen Aktor 22 verbleibt. Dieser an die Frontfläche 1a angrenzende Aktor 22 ist als Ultraschallgeber ausgebildet, um im Bedarfsfall Gesteinsmaterial in dem Bohrloch zu zerstören bzw. zu zerkleinern.2 shows a drill head 1 according to the invention in a further embodiment. The drilling head 1, which is also designed as a flushing drilling head, is, as already described for FIG. 1, provided with nozzles 2 for the flushing agent. The transmitter 10 already described for transmitting the measurement data to the surface of the earth is also arranged there in the cylinder part 1c of the drilling head 1. In this drill head, the nozzles 2 are only inserted in a ring shape in the front surface 1 a of the drill head 1, so that a central installation space for an actuator 22 remains. This actuator 22 adjoining the front surface 1 a is designed as an ultrasound transmitter in order to destroy or crush rock material in the borehole if necessary.
Im Bereich der Umfangsfläche 1d des Zylinderteils 1c des Bohrkopfes 1 sind Ausnehmungen 11 vorgesehen, deren Eintrittsöffnung 5 mit Schutzgittern 12 sowie mit einer semipermeablen Wand 13 abgedeckt sind. In der Ausnehmung 11 bleibt somit hinter der semipermeablen Wand 13 ausreichender Raum für die Aufnahme von Sensoren 14 und 15. Des weiteren ist die Ausnehmung 11 über einen Auslaßkanal 14 mit einer in der Umfangsfläche 1d angeordneten Austrittsöffnung 6 verbunden. Ferner ist in dem Auslaßkanal 14 ein nicht dargestelltes Rückschlagventil vorgesehen, damit das über die Einlaßöffnung 5 in die Ausnehmung 11 eintretende rückströmende Spülmittel nur die Ausnehmung 11 über den Auslaßkanal 14 verlassen kann. Die Sensoren 15 und 16 sind als pH- und eH-Meßelektroden ausgebildet. Über die Ermittlung des pH-Wertes der Spülung können Bodenveränderungen, beispielsweise durch Versäuerung und Gesteinswechsel oder künstliche Einflüsse erfaßt werden. Über die Ermittlung des eH-Wertes können die Salzgehalte, Mineralmangel oder Schadstofffrachten im Boden erfaßt werden.In the area of the peripheral surface 1d of the cylinder part 1c of the drill head 1, recesses 11 are provided, the inlet opening 5 of which are covered with protective grids 12 and with a semi-permeable wall 13. Sufficient space for receiving sensors 14 and 15 thus remains in the recess 11 behind the semipermeable wall 13. Furthermore, the recess 11 is connected via an outlet channel 14 to an outlet opening 6 arranged in the peripheral surface 1d. Furthermore, a check valve (not shown) is provided in the outlet channel 14, so that the rinsing agent flowing back into the recess 11 via the inlet opening 5 can only leave the recess 11 via the outlet channel 14. The sensors 15 and 16 are designed as pH and eH measuring electrodes. Soil changes, for example due to acidification and rock changes or artificial influences, can be detected by determining the pH value of the flushing. The salinity, mineral deficiency or pollutant loads in the soil can be determined by determining the eH value.
In der weiteren Fig. 3 ist ein Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Bohrkopf 1 dargestellt, der auch als Spülbohrkopf mit einer Düse 2 ausgebildet ist. An der Umfangsfläche 1d des Bohrkopfes 1 ist ein plattenförmiges Steuerflächenelement 17 angeordnet, über das eine Richtungssteuerung des Bohrkopfes 1 während des Vortriebes möglich ist. Dieses Steuerflächenelement 17 ist im Bereich der Frontfläche 1a des Bohrkopfes 1 über eine im wesentlichen quer zur Längsrichtung L sich erstreckende Achse 18 schwenkbar gelagert. Durch Hinterfüllung einer vorbereiteten Kammer mit Bohrspülung in einem definierten Druckregime kann die Steuerfläche durch Spülungsdruckstöße verstellt werden. An der dem Steuerflächenelement 17 gegenüberliegenden Seite der Umfangsfläche 1d des Bohrkopfes 1 ist ein weiterer Sensor 19 vorgesehen, der als Druckmeßstreifen ausgebildet und in die Oberfläche der Umfangsfläche 1d eingelassen ist. Über diesen Druckmeßstreifen 19 kann der Gegendruck des Erdreiches im Bohrloch gemessen werden, wodurch Hinweise auf die Gesteinsfestigkeit, die Verbundwirkung des Gesteinsgefüges und auch vereinzelt harte Elemente, beispielsweise Findlinge, Auffüllungen oder Fremdleitungen, erhalten werden können. Somit wird die Möglichkeit erhalten durch Veränderung des Spülungsdruckes, des Spülungsvolumens, der Vorschubkraft am Gestänge, der Rotationsgeschwindigkeit des Bohrkopfes, den Vortrieb des Bohrkopfes anzupassen und somit zu verbessern. Weitere Sensoren 19 in Gestalt von Druckmeßstreifen sind im Bereich der Umfangsfläche 1d in Verlängerung des eingefahrenen Steuerelementes 17 vorgesehen. Auch ist an dem Bohrkopf 1 ein Schaltsensor 20 vorgesehen, der an dem Kanal 3 für das Spülmittel angeordnet ist. Dieser Schaltsensor 20 ist als Weichenelement dem Kanal 3 zugeordnet und kann somit den Spülmittelstrom in einen Abzweigkanal 21 umleiten, um mit Hilfe des Spülmittelstromes das Steuerflächenelement 17 zu hinterströmen und somit seitlich auszuklappen. Das Schalten des Weichenelementes erfolgt in Antwort auf gepulste Spülungsdruckstöße. Das Schalten des Weichenelementes kann auch über Sondersignale mittels des Senders 10 erfolgen. 3 shows a cross section through a drilling head 1 according to the invention, which is also designed as a rinsing drilling head with a nozzle 2. A plate-shaped control surface element 17 is arranged on the peripheral surface 1d of the drilling head 1, by means of which a directional control of the drilling head 1 is possible during the advance. This control surface element 17 is pivotally mounted in the region of the front surface 1 a of the drill head 1 via an axis 18 which extends essentially transversely to the longitudinal direction L. By backfilling a prepared chamber with drilling fluid in a defined pressure regime, the control surface can be adjusted by flushing pressure surges. On the side of the peripheral surface 1d of the drill head 1 opposite the control surface element 17, a further sensor 19 is provided, which is designed as a pressure measuring strip and is embedded in the surface of the peripheral surface 1d. The back pressure of the soil in the borehole can be measured via this pressure measuring strip 19, whereby indications of the rock strength, the bond effect of the rock structure and also occasionally hard elements, for example boulders, fillings or foreign pipes, can be obtained. The possibility is thus obtained by changing the flushing pressure, the flushing volume, the feed force on the linkage, the rotational speed of the drill head, and to adapt and thus improve the propulsion of the drill head. Further sensors 19 in the form of pressure measuring strips are provided in the area of the peripheral surface 1d in the extension of the retracted control element 17. A switch sensor 20 is also provided on the drill head 1 and is arranged on the channel 3 for the detergent. This switching sensor 20 is assigned to the channel 3 as a switch element and can thus divert the detergent flow into a branch duct 21 in order to flow behind the control surface element 17 with the aid of the detergent flow and thus fold out laterally. The switching element is switched in response to pulsed flushing pressure surges. The switching element can also be switched via special signals by means of the transmitter 10.

Claims

Patentansprüche: claims:
1. Bohrkopf, insbesondere Spülbohrkopf einer Flachbohreinrichtung mit in dem Bohrkopf angeordneten Sensoren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) mindestens ein Sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) für eine Ermittlung von physikalischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften des Erdstoffs und/oder des gelösten Erdstoffs im Bohrloch angeordnet ist.1. drilling head, in particular flushing drilling head of a flat drilling device with sensors arranged in the drilling head, characterized in that in the drilling head (1) at least one sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) for determining physical and / or chemical Properties of the soil and / or dissolved earth is arranged in the borehole.
2. Bohrkopf nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) mindestens ein Aktor (22) für eine Zerstörung bzw. Zerkleinerung des Erdreichs und/oder des gelösten Erdstoffs im Bohrloch angeordnet ist.2. Drill head according to claim 1, characterized in that in the drill head (1) at least one actuator (22) for destroying or crushing the soil and / or the dissolved soil is arranged in the borehole.
3. Bohrkopf nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Bohrkopf (1 ) als Spülbohrkopf mit einem entsprechenden Kanal (3) für die Zufuhr des Spülmediums ausgebildet ist.3. Drilling head according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the drilling head (1) is designed as a flushing drilling head with a corresponding channel (3) for the supply of the flushing medium.
4. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von dem/den Sensor/en (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) ermittelten Meßwerte bzw. weiterverarbeiteten Meßdaten über einen in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) angeordneten Sender (10) an die Erdoberfläche übermittelbar sind.4. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the measured values or further processed measurement data determined by the sensor (s) (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in the drill head (1) transmitters (10) arranged in the drill head (1) can be transmitted to the surface of the earth.
5. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der/die Sensor/en (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) abgedichtet und schockgedämpft angeordnet sind.5. Drilling head according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the sensor (s) (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in the drilling head (1) are sealed and shock-damped.
6. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor (19) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) für eine Messung des Gegendrucks des Erdreichs im Bohrloch ausgebildet ist und vorzugsweise ein im Bereich der Umfangsfläche (1d) des Bohrkopfes (1 ) aufgebrachter Druckmeßstreifen ist.6. Drill head according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that a sensor (19) in the drill head (1) is designed for measuring the back pressure of the soil in the borehole and preferably a in the area of the peripheral surface (1d) of the drill head (1) is applied pressure measuring strip.
7. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) für eine Messung der Viskosität der Bohrspülung ausgebildet ist und vorzugsweise in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) ein Rückströmungskanal (4) für das Spülmedium angeordnet, an dem die Kapillarviskosität meßbar ist.7. Drill head according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in the drill head (1) is designed for measuring the viscosity of the drilling fluid and preferably in the drill head (1) a return flow channel (4) for the flushing medium is arranged, on which the capillary viscosity can be measured.
8. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor (8) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) für eine Messung der Kornzahl und -große des gelösten Erdstoffs, insbesondere Gesteinsmaterials, ausgebildet und vorzugsweise in dem Bohrkopf (1) Rückströmungskanal (4) für das Spülmedium angeordnet ist, an dem ein als multipler Kontaktsensor ausgebildeter Sensor (8) angeordnet ist.8. Drilling head according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that a sensor (8) in the drilling head (1) for measuring the grain number and size of the dissolved earth material, in particular rock material, is formed and preferably in the drilling head (1) Return flow channel (4) for the flushing medium is arranged, on which a sensor (8) designed as a multiple contact sensor is arranged.
9. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) für eine Messung des pH-Wertes der Spülung und/oder des eH-Wertes und/oder der Spülung, der Temperatur des Bohrkopfes (1 ) und/oder der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Spülmediums ausgebildet ist.9. Drill head according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that a sensor (7a, 7b, 8, 15, 16, 19) in the drill head (1) for a measurement of the pH of the mud and / or the eH -Value and / or the flushing, the temperature of the drill head (1) and / or the flow rate of the flushing medium is formed.
10. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein in dem Bohrkopf (1) angeordneter Aktor (22) als Schwingungsgeber, insbesondere Ultraschallgeber, ausgebildet ist.10. Drilling head according to one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that an actuator (22) arranged in the drilling head (1) is designed as a vibration transmitter, in particular an ultrasonic transmitter.
11. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) angeordneter Aktor (22) als Sprengkapselauswurf und/oder Säurespender ausgebildet ist.11. Drilling head according to one of claims 2 to 10, characterized in that an actuator (22) arranged in the drilling head (1) is designed as a detonator and / or acid dispenser.
12. Bohrkopf nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an dem Bohrkopf (1 ) ein Steuerflächenelement (17) zur Rieh- tungssteuerung des Bohrkopfes (1) schwenkbar gelagert und über einen in dem Bohrkopf (1 ) angeordneten Aktor (22) ausstellbar ist.12. Drill head according to one of claims 2 to 11, characterized in that on the drill head (1) a control surface element (17) for cattle device control of the drill head (1) is pivotally mounted and can be raised via an actuator (22) arranged in the drill head (1).
13. Verfahren zur Steuerung der Betriebsparameter eines Bohrkopfes einer Bohreinrichtung, bei dem die während des Bohrvorgangs mittels mindestens eines Sensors ermittelten physikalischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften des Erdstoffs als Eingangsgrößen verwendet werden.13. A method for controlling the operating parameters of a drill head of a drilling device, in which the physical and / or chemical properties of the soil, determined during the drilling process by means of at least one sensor, are used as input variables.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Betriebsparameter gemessen und geregelt werden.14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the operating parameters are measured and controlled.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vortrieb, die Drehzahl des Bohrkopfes und/oder die Eigenschaften der Bohrsuspension gesteuert werden.15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the propulsion, the speed of the drill head and / or the properties of the drilling suspension are controlled.
16. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 bis 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Erdwiderstand, die Kornzahl und/oder -große des gelösten Erdstoffs, die Säure des Erdstoffs, der Mineralgehalt und/oder Salzgehalt des Erdstoffs und/oder der Reibungswiderstand des Erdstoffs ermittelt werden. 16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the earth resistance, the grain number and / or size of the dissolved earth substance, the acidity of the earth substance, the mineral content and / or salt content of the earth substance and / or the friction resistance of the earth substance is determined become.
PCT/EP2002/003608 2001-04-02 2002-04-02 Drilling head of a drilling device, particularly a wash drilling head of a horizontal drilling device WO2002084065A2 (en)

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DE10116363A DE10116363B4 (en) 2001-04-02 2001-04-02 Drilling head of a drilling device, in particular Spülbohrkopf a flat drilling
DE10116363.3 2001-04-02

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE10116363B4 (en) 2006-03-16
WO2002084065A3 (en) 2004-02-26
DE10116363A1 (en) 2002-10-31
AU2002316825A1 (en) 2002-10-28

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