WO2002083316A1 - Process for sulphide concentration - Google Patents
Process for sulphide concentration Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002083316A1 WO2002083316A1 PCT/AU2002/000471 AU0200471W WO02083316A1 WO 2002083316 A1 WO2002083316 A1 WO 2002083316A1 AU 0200471 W AU0200471 W AU 0200471W WO 02083316 A1 WO02083316 A1 WO 02083316A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- stream
- concentrate
- flotation
- mineral
- contaminant
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
- B03D1/00—Flotation
- B03D1/08—Subsequent treatment of concentrated product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B23/00—Obtaining nickel or cobalt
- C22B23/005—Preliminary treatment of ores, e.g. by roasting or by the Krupp-Renn process
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a method and an apparatus for separating a solid contaminant from a valuable mineral concentrate.
- the invention relates particularly, though not exclusively, to gravity separation of magnesia minerals from a nickel sulphide concentrate such as a serpentinitic hosted low grade nickel sulphide ore.
- the conventional processing route for these types of ores involves crushing and grinding followed by concentration of the nickel through multiple stages of flotation. Conditions in the flotation process are optimised to recover Ni minerals and reject MgO minerals.
- This technology has been applied at Mt Keith and the concentrate Fe:MgO has averaged around 2.9 that corresponds to a MgO content of about 10%.
- the smelter it has been possible for the smelter to accept this concentrate through blending the Mt Keith concentrate with concentrates from other locations. This blending has provided the smelter with the required 5.5 Fe:MgO ratio.
- the smelting requirement of the Fe:MgO of 5.5 limits the future amount of Mt Keith concentrate that can be smelted without blending with other concentrates.
- a method of separating a solid contaminant from a valuable mineral flotation concentrate the method involving gravity separation and thus rejection of a majority of the contaminant from said flotation concentrate .
- an apparatus for separating a solid contaminant from a valuable mineral flotation concentrate including a gravity separator which is effective in separating and thus rejecting a majority of the contaminant from said flotation concentrate.
- the gravity separator is a centrifugal separator designed so that centrifugal forces are imparted on the solid contaminant to effect its separation from the mineral flotation concentrate. More preferably the centrifugal separator is of a construction at least similar to a Kelsey .jig.
- a method of processing a mineral stream including a solid contaminant the method involving the steps of: effecting a size separation of the mineral stream to produce a valuable mineral concentrate of a predetermined size range being predominant in the solid contaminant; and effecting gravity separation of the mineral concentrate to separate and thus reject a majority of the contaminant from the mineral concentrate .
- an apparatus for processing a mineral stream including a solid contaminant comprising: means for effecting a size separation of the mineral stream to produce a valuable mineral concentrate of a predetermined size range being predominant in the solid contaminant ; and means for effecting gravity separation of the mineral concentrate to separate and thus reject a majority of the contaminant from the mineral concentrate .
- the valuable mineral concentrate is a valuable mineral flotation concentrate.
- said size separation means includes a screen and the undersize material or fines from the screen at least in part provides the mineral concentrate being predominant in the solid contaminant. More preferably said separation means also includes a cyclone to which the screen undersize or fines is fed and an underflow of the cyclone or middlings at least in part provides the mineral concentrate being predominant in the solid contaminant.
- the apparatus also includes flotation means being disposed between and arranged to operatively cooperate with the size separation means and the gravity separation means, said flotation means being designed to subject the valuable mineral concentrate or middlings to flotation to recover the valuable mineral and reject the solid contaminant which is fed to the gravity separation means. More preferably the apparatus further includes means for treating the valuable mineral concentrate or middlings with alkali and/or depressant to enhance flotation of the valuable mineral to a final concentrate and depress the solid contaminant to the gravity separation means.
- the apparatus further includes another flotation means being designed to effect flotation of an overflow of the cyclone or ultrafines/slimes to recover the valuable mineral concentrate and reject the solid contaminant .
- the apparatus additionally includes means for treating the overflow or ultrafines/slimes with acid and/or activator to enhance flotation of the valuable mineral to a final concentrate and depress the solid contaminant to a concentrated contaminant or tails stream.
- said gravity separation means includes a centrifugal separator. More preferably the centrifugal separator is of a construction at least similar to a Kelsey jig.
- the size separation is performed to provide a middlings and an ultrafine/slimes stream, said separation being performed at a so called cut size in the range 20 to 50 micron with the range 25 to 45 micron being particularly preferred. More preferably the predetermined size range being predominant in the solid contaminant is the middlings stream being from between 30 to 110 microns.
- the size separation is a multi-stage process. More preferably the multi-stage size separation includes a first stage to provide a coarse and a fines stream, and a second stage involving size separation of the fines stream to provide the ultrafine/slimes stream and the middlings stream of the predetermined size range.
- the method also comprises the step of flotation of the middlings stream to recover the valuable mineral and reject the solid contaminant which undergoes the gravity separation to concentrate the solid contaminant. More preferably the middlings stream is treated with an alkali and/or depressant to enhance flotation of the valuable mineral to a final concentrate and depress the solid contaminant to thereafter undergo the gravity separation.
- the method further comprises the step of flotation of the ultrafine/slimes stream to recover the valuable mineral and reject the solid contaminant. More preferably the ultrafine/slimes stream is treated with an acid and/or activator to enhance flotation of the valuable mineral to a final concentrate and depress the solid contaminant to a concentrated contaminant or tails stream.
- the solid contaminant in the gravity separation means is rejected to a concentrated contaminant or tails stream which is subjected to flotation to recover residual valuable minerals from the mineral concentrate. More preferably the concentrated contaminant or tails stream is ground to liberate at least some of the residual valuable minerals prior to said flotation.
- the gravity separation is conducted in at least two stages such as a rougher and a scavenger stage arranged in series . More preferably the gravity separation is performed on the middlings stream of the predetermined size range.
- the mineral stream or mineral concentrate includes a valuable metal sulphide.
- the valuable metal sulphide is nickel sulphide hosted in a serpentinitic ore including magnesia minerals as the solid contaminants.
- the size separation for the nickel sulphide mineral is effected wherein particle sizes encompassed by the predetermined size range are less than about 120 microns. More typically the predetermined size range is from between about 30 to 110 microns.
- magnesia minerals are contained in the size fraction 30 to 100 microns and are well liberated making physical separation possible.
- the nickel sulphide and the magnesia minerals have a significantly different specific gravity which lends the minerals to gravity separation to achieve magnesia rejection.
- Figure 1 shows one embodiment of a gravity/flotation circuit
- Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of a gravity/flotation circuit.
- the flowsheets of these embodiments of the invention are based on pilot plant testing at Mt Keith, Western Australia, over a limited range of low grade nickel sulphide serpentinitic ore.
- the minerals stream introduced to the gravity circuit of these examples are a flotation concentrate having a high concentration of nickel with the resultant higher than allowable MgO content.
- the flotation concentrate is in this example either a rougher concentrate or a cleaner concentrate. It is to be understood for the purposes of this example that nickel is the valuable mineral and MgO or magnesia minerals are the solid contaminants.
- the mineral stream of Figure 1 undergoes a two stage size separation wherein: i) the screen of the first stage provides a coarse stream of particles greater than 110 microns and a fines stream of particles less than 110 microns; and ii) the fines stream of less than 110 microns is subjected to the second stage separation whereupon a cyclone provides an ultrafine/slimes stream of p80 less than about 25 microns and a middlings stream of p80 greater than around 25 microns.
- the ultrafine/slimes stream is subjected to flotation at a low pH which selectively rejects MgO.
- acid and/or activator * are added to enhance the flotation of nickel whilst depressing magnesia.
- the flotation concentrate is sent to final concentrate without further upgrading and the flotation tails is sent to a concentrated contaminant or tails stream.
- This flotation and upgrading of the ultrafine/slimes stream is typically performed at a pH of about 2 to 5.
- the coarse stream of greater than 110 microns is reground in a tower mill in order to liberate the nickel sulphide from the MgO.
- the liberated coarse stream is then floated in order to recover residual nickel sulphide and reject MgO minerals to enhance the grade of the final concentrate. This also reduces the all important MgO concentration in the final concentrate.
- the middlings stream of a p80 of less than about 25 microns is subjected to flotation to recover nickel sulphide which is sent to final concentrate, and reject or depress magnesia which undergoes gravity separation to concentrate the MgO.
- alkali and/or depressant are added to enhance the flotation of nickel sulphide whilst depressing MgO.
- the pH of the middling stream is adjusted to a pH of between 9 to 11 using soda ash and the depressant guargum is added at rates of from 0 to 5000g/tonne flotation feed.
- MgO minerals in the Mt Keith concentrate are contained in the 30 to 100 micron size fraction and that they are well liberated making physical separation possible.
- the nickel sulphide minerals and magnesium minerals have a significantly different specific gravity which can be exploited using gravity separation equipment to achieve magnesia rejection.
- the concentrated MgO tails of the middlings flotation circuit is fed to a single or multiple stage gravity separation.
- the concentrate from the gravity separation device has relatively low concentrations of MgO and thus a very high Fe:MgO ratio.
- the tails from the gravity separation device reports together with the coarse stream to the regrind tower mill.
- the preferred gravity separation device is a centrifugal separator designed so that both gravity and centrifugal forces are used to effect the required separation.
- the Kelsey jig is such an example of the centrifugal separator and is particularly effective in separating the MgO minerals from the nickel sulphide minerals of the attached flowsheets .
- the jig tails of both embodiments are sent to the tower mill together with the coarse material from the screen.
- the tails are thus ground and floated together with the coarse material greater than 110 micron material with a ⁇ M M ⁇ > ⁇ > o ⁇ J1 o in o u ⁇
- This process increases the concentrate Fe:MgO ratio from about 3 to about 5.5.
- the process of this example has the potential to reject MgO from the Mt Keith concentrate achieving an Fe:MgO of 5.5 thereby making the final concentrate smeltable in its own right .
- the mineral stream of the alternative embodiment of Figure 2 undergoes a two stage size separation wherein: i) the de-slime cyclone of the first stage provides an ultra-fine or slimes stream of p80 less than about 25 microns and coarse stream of p80 greater than around 25 microns ii) the coarse stream is subjected to the second stage separation whereupon a screen provides an ultra- coarse stream of particles greater than 110 microns and a fines/middlings or valuable mineral concentrate of between 30 to 110 microns.
- the ultra-fine or slimes stream of the pilot plant is sent directly to final concentrate without upgrading.
- this stream is the applicant's intention to subject this stream to flotation at low pH which selectively rejects MgO.
- the coarse stream is reground in a tower mill in order to liberate the nickel sulphide from the MgO.
- the liberated coarse stream is then floated in order to recover residual nickel sulphide and reject MgO minerals to enhance the grade of the final concentrate. This also reduces the all important MgO concentration in the final concentrate.
- the nickel sulphide concentrate stream of the 30 to 110 microns size fraction is fed to a two stage rougher and scavenger gravity separation.
- the rougher concentrate reports to the final concentrate and the rougher tails reports to the scavenger separation stage to recover additional nickel minerals.
- the rougher concentrate has relatively low concentrations of MgO and thus a very high Fe:MgO ratio.
- the scavenger concentrate similarly reports to the final concentrate with particularly high Fe:MgO ratios.
- the process in pilot plant scale testing increases the concentrate Fe:MgO from 2.9 to 5.5 with a loss of less than 3% nickel. More recent results have indicated a loss as low as 1.5% nickel. This compares with a greater than 10% recovery loss when using conventional flotation alone to increase the Fe:MgO from 2.9 to 3.8.
- the target of 5.5 has not previously been achievable using conventional flotation.
- the process of this embodiment has the potential to reject MgO from the Mt Keith concentrate achieving an Fe:MgO of 5.5 thereby making the final concentrate smeltable in its own right. It is expected that the process has potential to be applied to other ore bodies removing what otherwise has been a significant impediment to their development.
- the following table includes typical results from the pilot gravity circuit plant of Figure 2 at Mt Keith.
- the method and apparatus for separating a solid contaminant from a valuable mineral concentrate have at least the following advantages: i) the ability to treat a particular mineral concentrate without the need to blend to increase the Fe:MgO for smelting; ii) the potential to expand the process to other ore bodies with relatively high levels of contaminant, such as MgO minerals; and iii) the ability to reject relatively high levels of the solid contaminant whilst minimising loss of the valuable mineral .
- the gravity separator is not limited to a centrifugal separator but rather will be dictated by the particular mineral size and specific gravity of the solid contaminant to be rejected.
- the process need not be limited "to a size separation but rather may involve gravity separation alone of an already liberated mineral concentrate/solid contaminant. All such variations and modifications are to be considered within the scope of the present invention the nature of which is to be determined from the foregoing description.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CA002444143A CA2444143A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process for sulphide concentration |
AU2002248965A AU2002248965B2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process for sulphide concentration |
EP02717837A EP1392444A4 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process for sulphide concentration |
BR0208883-5A BR0208883A (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process and apparatus for separating a solid contaminant from a valuable mineral flotation concentrate and process for processing a mineral stream including a solid contaminant |
US10/474,758 US7314139B2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process for sulphide concentration |
NO20034584A NO20034584L (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2003-10-10 | Process for Concentrating Sulfide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AUPR4376 | 2001-04-12 | ||
AUPR4376A AUPR437601A0 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | Process for sulphide concentration |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002083316A1 true WO2002083316A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
Family
ID=3828372
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/AU2002/000471 WO2002083316A1 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-11 | Process for sulphide concentration |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7314139B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1392444A4 (en) |
AU (1) | AUPR437601A0 (en) |
BR (1) | BR0208883A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2444143A1 (en) |
NO (1) | NO20034584L (en) |
RU (1) | RU2310512C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002083316A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA200307979B (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007115377A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Straits Resources Limited | Process for recovery of antimony and metal values from antimony- and metal value-bearing materials |
CN106216085A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-14 | 大连地拓重工有限公司 | A kind of ultra-fine grade mine tailing method for separating |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2009086606A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2009-07-16 | Bhp Billiton Ssm Development Pty Ltd | Processing nickel bearing sulphides |
EP2310134B1 (en) | 2008-07-25 | 2020-07-01 | Cytec Technology Corporation | Silicate depressant for the flotation of sulfide or precious metal ores |
CN103801548B (en) * | 2013-12-24 | 2015-09-30 | 中钢集团武汉安全环保研究院有限公司 | A kind of stepped utilization method of high-sulfur Low-silica iron ore tailings |
CN104005787B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2017-12-26 | 广东盛瑞科技股份有限公司 | A kind of tailings concentration feeding method and the device for implementing the method |
JP6746890B2 (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2020-08-26 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | Specific gravity separator |
CN106269213B (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2017-05-31 | 广东金宇环境科技有限公司 | A kind of handling process of low-grade cupro-nickel electroplating sludge |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4425227A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1984-01-10 | Gnc Energy Corporation | Ambient froth flotation process for the recovery of bitumen from tar sand |
US4946597A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1990-08-07 | Esso Resources Canada Limited | Low temperature bitumen recovery process |
US5232490A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1993-08-03 | Leadville Silver And Gold | Oxidation/reduction process for recovery of precious metals from MnO2 ores, sulfidic ores and carbonaceous materials |
US5522510A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-06-04 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Apparatus for improved ash and sulfur rejection |
US5968349A (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 1999-10-19 | Bhp Minerals International Inc. | Extraction of bitumen from bitumen froth and biotreatment of bitumen froth tailings generated from tar sands |
US6146444A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 2000-11-14 | Geobiotics, Inc. | Method for recovering metal value from concentrates of sulfide minerals |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4283017A (en) * | 1979-09-07 | 1981-08-11 | Amax Inc. | Selective flotation of cubanite and chalcopyrite from copper/nickel mineralized rock |
US4460459A (en) * | 1983-02-16 | 1984-07-17 | Anschutz Mining Corporation | Sequential flotation of sulfide ores |
CA2116322A1 (en) * | 1991-08-28 | 1993-03-18 | Geoffrey David Senior | Processing of ores |
AUPO869197A0 (en) * | 1997-08-20 | 1997-09-11 | Lowan (Management) Pty Limited | Hutch chamber for jig |
-
2001
- 2001-04-12 AU AUPR4376A patent/AUPR437601A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-04-11 EP EP02717837A patent/EP1392444A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2002-04-11 RU RU2003132881/03A patent/RU2310512C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-11 US US10/474,758 patent/US7314139B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-11 WO PCT/AU2002/000471 patent/WO2002083316A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-11 CA CA002444143A patent/CA2444143A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-11 BR BR0208883-5A patent/BR0208883A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2003
- 2003-10-10 NO NO20034584A patent/NO20034584L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-10-14 ZA ZA200307979A patent/ZA200307979B/en unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4425227A (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1984-01-10 | Gnc Energy Corporation | Ambient froth flotation process for the recovery of bitumen from tar sand |
US5232490A (en) * | 1985-11-27 | 1993-08-03 | Leadville Silver And Gold | Oxidation/reduction process for recovery of precious metals from MnO2 ores, sulfidic ores and carbonaceous materials |
US4946597A (en) * | 1989-03-24 | 1990-08-07 | Esso Resources Canada Limited | Low temperature bitumen recovery process |
US5522510A (en) * | 1993-06-14 | 1996-06-04 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | Apparatus for improved ash and sulfur rejection |
US6146444A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 2000-11-14 | Geobiotics, Inc. | Method for recovering metal value from concentrates of sulfide minerals |
US5968349A (en) * | 1998-11-16 | 1999-10-19 | Bhp Minerals International Inc. | Extraction of bitumen from bitumen froth and biotreatment of bitumen froth tailings generated from tar sands |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP1392444A4 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007115377A1 (en) * | 2006-04-11 | 2007-10-18 | Straits Resources Limited | Process for recovery of antimony and metal values from antimony- and metal value-bearing materials |
CN106216085A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2016-12-14 | 大连地拓重工有限公司 | A kind of ultra-fine grade mine tailing method for separating |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO20034584D0 (en) | 2003-10-10 |
RU2310512C2 (en) | 2007-11-20 |
AUPR437601A0 (en) | 2001-05-17 |
ZA200307979B (en) | 2004-09-03 |
NO20034584L (en) | 2003-11-21 |
US7314139B2 (en) | 2008-01-01 |
BR0208883A (en) | 2004-06-29 |
EP1392444A4 (en) | 2009-04-15 |
US20040217070A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
CA2444143A1 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
EP1392444A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
RU2003132881A (en) | 2005-03-27 |
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