Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
  • G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/0005—Adaptation of holography to specific applications
  • G03H1/0011—Adaptation of holography to specific applications for security or authentication
  • G03H2001/0016—Covert holograms or holobjects requiring additional knowledge to be perceived, e.g. holobject reconstructed only under IR illumination
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/02—Details of features involved during the holographic process; Replication of holograms without interference recording
  • G03H2001/026—Recording materials or recording processes
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/0476—Holographic printer
  • G03H2001/0478—Serial printer, i.e. point oriented processing
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/04—Processes or apparatus for producing holograms
  • G03H1/08—Synthesising holograms, i.e. holograms synthesized from objects or objects from holograms
  • G03H1/0808—Methods of numerical synthesis, e.g. coherent ray tracing [CRT], diffraction specific
  • G03H2001/0816—Iterative algorithms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
  • G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
  • G03H2001/2223—Particular relationship between light source, hologram and observer
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
  • G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
  • G03H2001/2223—Particular relationship between light source, hologram and observer
  • G03H2001/2231—Reflection reconstruction
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
  • G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
  • G03H1/2202—Reconstruction geometries or arrangements
  • G03H2001/2244—Means for detecting or recording the holobject
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
  • G03H2210/00—Object characteristics
  • G03H2210/30—3D object
  • G03H2210/33—3D/2D, i.e. the object is formed of stratified 2D planes, e.g. tomographic data
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S359/00—Optical: systems and elements
  • Y10S359/90—Methods

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the preambles of the independent claims.
• the present invention thus deals with how identifying information can be provided by holograms.
• Holograms are already common today. In order to be able to identify objects as genuine, for example, there are simple holograms on check cards, ID cards, urn packaging such as for software, admission tickets and the like. A problem with conventional holograms is that the holograms often offer insufficient protection against counterfeiting. Furthermore, the identifying information is often not precise enough to identify a single object, for example.
• the hologram having a hologram-bearing surface that is provided with interference patterns that form a holographic image and that different holographic images can be generated in different directions. This requires that light is irradiated from two different directions and that the images are combined if necessary.
• the outlay on equipment here is undesirably high.
• the aim of the present invention is to provide something new for commercial use.
• the invention thus initially proposes a method for providing an object with identifying information, in which a hologram is provided, from which at least first and second hologram patterns spatially separated from one another can be reproduced, the hologram being designed such that the first and second Hologram patterns are generally in one and the same direction, but are reproducible at different levels.
• a first essential basic knowledge of the present invention can thus be seen in the knowledge that particularly meaningful identifying information can be provided by generating hologram patterns on different levels. It was recognized that the projected hologram in the first level does not have to significantly interfere with the reproduction of the hologram pattern separated from it in the second level if the readout levels are sufficiently far apart. This finding made it possible to enable an object to be identified by first and second holograms even when light is irradiated from a single direction, even in cases where the area for the hologram can only be small.
• at least one of the hologram patterns is a machine-readable code.
• Such a code can, if necessary, be structured in such a way that its presence is not easily recognized, for example with the naked eye, even if a projection screen is accidentally moved into the correct plane. This makes it possible to provide identifying information on the object, the presence of which is not readily ascertainable.
• one of the hologram patterns represents a visually detectable pattern. This is advantageous because it allows the simplest possible object identification. It should be pointed out that there can be more than just a first and a second hologram pattern which can be reproduced in different planes.
• the hologram can be provided on a hologram carrier in such a way that first and second regions which are separate from one another are provided on the surface carrying the hologram.
• the partial areas used in the first and second hologram pattern can be interleaved in a checkerboard fashion or linked in some other way.
• Such a link in which the information for the first and second hologram patterns is distributed over a larger area, already contributes to an increase in the scratch resistance and protection against damage.
• a single area is provided for the first and second hologram patterns and optionally also for further hologram patterns. This area then enters Interference pattern from which the different hologram patterns can be projected in the different levels.
• the determination of suitable interference patterns of this type per se is known.
• the iterative calculation of the interference pattern giving the hologram is preferred. Reference is made here only to the essay "Fresnel ping-pong algorithm for two-plane computer-generated hologram display""by RG Dorsch, et al. in Applied Optics, Volume 33, No. 5, Since 869 ff.
• the interference pattern of the first hologram is preferably determined in such a way that the first and second hologram patterns are so far apart from one another that they can be read out with different reading means. These different reading means can then e.g. through a
• Receive beam splitter reflected or transmitted light it is possible to keep a single reading means, for example a projection screen, between the two levels.
• the hologram itself is preferably generated using a single write beam as a computer-generated hologram.
• Individually characterizing information such as a portrait of the user of the object, an address, patient data or, for example in the case of a technical object, information relating to its production can be provided as information characterizing the object.
• the write beam can in particular be a laser beam.
• a double beam made of a material in particular a beam that pre-illuminates a large area, and one in the the pre-heated area, for example, a pre-heated beam is possible.
• the hologram can be embossed into a carrier, in particular if a number of objects of identically identifying information are to be provided.
• first parts can be pre-embossed, while other parts can be written individually.
• the invention further relates to a device for reading out a hologram containing identifying information, as can be seen in particular from one of the method claims, the device comprising a readout light source for reproducing the at least first hologram pattern in the direction in which the second hologram pattern can also be reproduced. Therefore, only a single readout light source is required to reproduce the two hologram patterns.
• Reproduction means can be provided, which can in particular be a projection screen.
• a photosensitive field in particular a CCD, can be provided in order to detect, in particular, a hologram pattern representing a machine-readable code in or near its focal plane.
• the device comprises a data processing unit in order to evaluate the pattern detected with the photosensitive field directly in the device. Protection is also sought for a data carrier with an area for receiving a hologram according to one of the method claims or the use of a data carrier for receiving such a hologram.
• Particularly suitable data carriers comprise a polymer material into which the hologram is introduced.
• the polymer material can be a pre-stretched polymer material, in particular pre-stretched polypropylene. The object fuse is created away from the object and then placed on it.
• Fig. 1 is a sketch for reading a hologram according to the invention.
• a reading device for reading a hologram 2 on a hologram carrier 3a, which belongs to an object 3, comprises a single laser 4, the light beam 5 of which is directed onto the hologram 2 by suitable optics 6a, 6b
• the diffracted light of the first order unlike the light of the zero order, passes through an optical system 8, which improves the signal-to-noise ratio when the diffracted light is received by the early delimitation from the light of the zero order, but is not necessarily per se is required.
• the hologram 2 is a computer-generated hologram generated with a single-jet writing device.
• the interference pattern of the hologram 2 is selected such that two sharp but different hologram patterns are generated at two different distances from the hologram carrier 3.
• object 3 is a check card on which an area 3a made of pre-stretched polymer is provided, which carries hologram 2.
• the interference pattern of the hologram extends over the entire area of the hologram carrier 3a.
• the laser 4 emits visible light.
• the visible light is collimated by the lens 6a and irradiated onto the hologram 2 at an oblique angle by a deflecting mirror 6b.
• the oblique radiation occurs in such a way that the main reflection of zero-order light diffraction 7 does not fall into the further optical arrangement 8 for determining the two hologram patterns coded in the hologram.
• the optics 8 comprises a beam splitter 8a, which is arranged in the direction in which the light diffracted in the first order comes from the hologram 2.
• a projection screen 8b is located in the transmission light path at a first distance a from the beam splitter 8a, the distance a being selected such that the first hologram pattern is imaged sharply on the projection screen. Furthermore, in the reflection light path for the light reflected by the beam splitter there is a CCD array 8c arranged at a distance b, which is connected to a recognition unit (not shown) for identifying a machine-readable code.
• the optical path lengths a and b are different.
• the reader 1 is used as follows: First, the object 3 carrying the hologram 2 is arranged with the hologram 2 at the intended location and illuminated by the laser 4. Then the first hologram pattern on the projection screen 8b is checked visually, as indicated by eye 9.
• the second hologram pattern is recorded on the CCD 8c, without the need for a further laser light source, and the machine code projected thereby is decoded and its information content is checked.
• An advantage of the arrangement is that simply viewing the hologram even when generating the first, visually visible hologram pattern does not reveal that a further, machine-decodable hologram pattern is provided. It should be noted that more than two hologram patterns can be coded; especially in more than two levels.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
• Holo Graphy (AREA)
• Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2001
  • 2001-02-08 DE DE10106105A patent/DE10106105A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2002
  • 2002-02-01 US US10/467,427 patent/US7126729B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2002-02-01 JP JP2002563081A patent/JP2004523789A/ja active Pending
  • 2002-02-01 WO PCT/EP2002/001069 patent/WO2002063398A1/de not_active Ceased
  • 2002-02-01 EP EP02702338A patent/EP1360556A1/de not_active Withdrawn

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