WO2002050938A1 - Chargeur de batteries - Google Patents

Chargeur de batteries Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002050938A1
WO2002050938A1 PCT/ES2001/000499 ES0100499W WO0250938A1 WO 2002050938 A1 WO2002050938 A1 WO 2002050938A1 ES 0100499 W ES0100499 W ES 0100499W WO 0250938 A1 WO0250938 A1 WO 0250938A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
circuit
battery
charger
batteries
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ES2001/000499
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
José Luis SILVESTRE CRESPO
Angel FERRER MUÑOZ
Original Assignee
Covebruno, S.L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8496103&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2002050938(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Covebruno, S.L. filed Critical Covebruno, S.L.
Priority to AU2002216130A priority Critical patent/AU2002216130A1/en
Publication of WO2002050938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002050938A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00—Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates, as its title indicates, to a battery charger.
  • battery chargers are known in the market, with very variable charging intensities ranging from 5 A / h to 70 A / h and with very varied characteristics in terms of slow charges, fast charges, staggered slow charges, equalization charges, reduced loads, among others.
  • the power supply of these chargers can be single-phase or three-phase, and the rectification of the current is carried out either with bridge rectifiers, either with germanium or silicon diode rectifiers, or even with thyristors in the three-phase for high load intensities. If the charges are slow, the lead-acid batteries behave as their manufacturers indicate as they have been designed for this behavior, and keep the intensity and voltage within the limits and guarantees given by the different manufacturers.
  • the battery charger according to the invention is of the type that includes an inductive-reactive mixed alternating current power circuit, and is essentially characterized by comprising a current rectifier, a power transformer, a power amplifier, a high frequency generator, a safety circuit against overloads, loading clamps, a switch and a control panel, all adapted so that during the loading process an increase in the loading process is achieved; faster loading; and a regeneration of the plates that prevents the deterioration of the battery increasing its useful life while contributing to a decrease in waste from electric batteries.
  • the charger power transformer according to the invention is a reversible transformer and the power amplifier comprises at least two saturable tuned transformers with complementary and self-induction windings that generate an inductance and thereby the impedance component that does not depend on the resistance so that when this power is introduced into the rectification circuit, it increases the performance of the latter up to charging powers in direct current towards the batteries that have not been used for such purpose.
  • the power transformer and the saturable and tuned transformers are mounted in parallel-series so that, through a self-induction and reactive circuits, they generate an inductance that in turn causes the impedance component that is not due to the resistance, which increases the intensity of the rectified direct current by the germanium diodes that is applied directly to the output of the load clamps.
  • the power transformer is a reversible transformer with independent primary and secondary coils, the primary one having several inputs of the most usual in the industry, such as 125 V.
  • the secondary coils with outputs suitable for voltage, rectification and power for the charger to be built (12 V., 24 V., 36 V., 48 V., 60 V., 72 V., among others), as well as providing the necessary intensity for this purpose.
  • the saturable and tuned transformers of the power amplifier have, in addition to the primary, several independent coils placed on top of each other in the same direction and one superimposed on them cutting perpendicularly the field of forces generated by the primary coil and interconnected with each other so that when the cores become saturated, they induce complementary currents that, by means of inductance, impedance and self-induction, generate independent power that properly introduced into the circuit of the power transformer increases the power that it sends to the current rectifier, so that rectification amperage that comes out of the current rectifier is appreciably higher than what it would supply with the power of the power transformer if it acted independently.
  • the core of the charger is saturated and by having input and output control windings it increases the power of the transformer and doubles the functions of the relay, this being the short circuit protection circuit on the load clamps so that when said clamps are short-circuited, either accidentally or by direct contact, the input relay jumps and disconnects the power load current in just 0.18 seconds.
  • the high frequency generator is intercalated in the charger circuit and has a frequency such that when introduced inside the batteries and through the electrolyte of the batteries, it acts as a catalyst for the chemical reaction avoiding the heating of the electrolyte and helping to cause electrolysis on the plates of the batteries so that they gradually regenerate. Due to the high frequency, the charging intensity coming from the current rectifier is assimilated and stabilized in the batteries more quickly, reaching to charge the batteries, if necessary, at 80% of their maximum capacity, which results in a significant time savings in recharges to the point of being able to recharge a battery of 180 A / h and 12 V. in a time of 97 minutes or a battery of 140 A / h and 12 V in 72 minutes.
  • the high frequency generator acts on the charging clamps and, consequently, on the batteries that, when passing through the electrolyte and the plates of the same, creates the following advantageous effects: a) it acts as a catalyst for the internal chemical reaction in the batteries, accelerating the load capacity of them at a value between four and six times higher than normally achieved with a traditional charger; b) prevents heating of the electrolyte and, consequently, of the plates and of the battery, being crossed by very high current intensities, thereby preventing the deterioration of the plates, the electrolyte and the battery; c) It causes the lead ions of the lead-acid battery plates, which are released from them during normal battery discharge processes, to be raised from the bottom of the batteries, “clouding" the electrolyte with positive and negative particles, even the plates, remaining stuck to them by the electrolytic effect, this produces a regeneration of the plates and a maintenance of the load capacity of the plates that lasts for a much longer time than the normally given by the various battery manufacturers when they are recharged using
  • the lead dioxide powder generally used in batteries is brown in color and when attacked by the sulfuric acid in the electrolyte, it forms a very poisonous sulphurous plumbate and, since the charger according to the invention prevents the destruction of the batteries in more than one 60% of its useful life, by means of the charger of the invention, the spillage of more than 60% of the derivatives of lead from electric batteries and lead-acid batteries, which come to absorb more than one third is avoided of the world production of lead, which is about 4.5 million tons per year, one third of which is dedicated to the manufacture of batteries and accumulators.
  • the switch consists of a load impulse relay and the electrical circuit connected to it performs functions of electrical charge connector and disconnector thereof so that when an accidental short circuit occurs on the load clamps, being provided with two protection circuits, one for alternating current power contacts and another transistorized for external direct current protection.
  • the overload safety circuit comprises a disconnector of load which in turn is a circuit of alternating current-direct current that by its special disposition fulfills two essential and separate tasks; on the one hand it avoids overloads on the charger power supply in alternating current by means of a relay and an electronic circuit of controlled intensity and, on the other hand, it is the battery charge protection circuit, which cuts the intensity that reaches the same when the battery is missing between 10 and 15 A. of its maximum nominal charge, or when the power supply voltage falls between the limits established in the adjustable charge regulator located on the control panel (H) .
  • the safety circuit against overload, internal protection and load regulation consists of a mixed circuit of alternating current and direct current that, by means of transistors, triacs and a relay, protects the charger from overheating, short circuits and overloads, and by means of a potentiometer located on the control panel, limits the final charge of the batteries to an intensity of 5 A. below the maximum capacity of the batteries, being helped by a bridge rectifier of 5 A.
  • the current rectifier which rectifies the alternating current in DC, comprises Germanium diodes of power characteristics appropriate to the function for which the charger is required.
  • the diodes will be mounted on a Wheatstone bridge to perform a full-wave rectification and fixed on suitable cooling radiators that in turn are crossed by a forced air current generated by a fan driven by alternating current.
  • the activation circuit of the charger is commanded by means of a general switch that, when activated, lights the corresponding pilot, but without charging the circuit, either in alternating current or direct current. Interleaved in this circuit there is a relay and a switch that work at 220 V. of alternating current; when the switch and the charge controller are activated, the general switch being closed, the rectifier becomes operational if the charging clamps are connected to the battery, which is the element that primes the circuit, that is, if the clamps are not connected to the battery or a direct current circuit that primes the charger, it is not activated, which acts as a protection circuit for the discharge of high or very high current.
  • the load current can be selected from relatively low values, of the order of 10 A / h to values very high, being able to reach values superior to 450 A / h.
  • circuit breaker for activating the load circuit, with control elements located on the control panel, which at the same time serving as protection and regulation of the load, has a switch that bridges the circuit breaker and the circuit to enable and activate Prime the general circuit if necessary.
  • the charging intensity of the charger according to the invention is much higher than that of conventional chargers, since it adds to the normal circuit of these chargers saturable and tuned transformers and a high frequency generator, with protection and regulation circuits, avoiding heating of the electrolyte, gas evolution and accumulation of poisonous by-products and pollutants derived from environmental lead.
  • Fig. 1 is a detailed diagram of the different elements that make up the battery charger according to the invention, the connections between them being appreciated;
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of another embodiment of the invention; and
  • Fig. 3 is another schematic view of a new embodiment of the charger of the invention.
  • the battery charger object of the present invention comprises a current rectifier (A), a power transformer B, a power amplifier (C), a high frequency generator (D), a Overload safety circuit (E), loading clamps (F), a switch (G) and a control panel (H).
  • Each of the aforementioned parts is designed for a specific and determined purpose and is endowed with physical, electrical, electromechanical and electronic characteristics that depend on the function to be performed and the operation of the charger.
  • the power transformer (B) comprises a reversible transformer whose main mission is to reduce the voltage of the network it receives in the primary, normally connected to 220 V. of alternating current, to a suitable voltage in the secondary, normally 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72 V of alternating current, which provides the intensity required to apply it to the current rectification block (A).
  • the transformer will have sufficient power characteristics to carry out its function.
  • the tuned and saturable transformers of the power amplifier (C) are mounted in parallel-series with the power transformer (B) and, together, increase the power of the assembly that is sent to the current rectifier (A).
  • the tuners and saturators of the power amplifier (C) are equipped with special and complementary coils that self-induce the current of the main coils through the complementary coils and, by taking advantage of the saturation of the cores, mutual inductance and induction provided by the coils that cut the field perpendicular to it, induce the complementary current so that, together with that of the power transformer (B), it increases the efficiency of the charger when rectified in the current rectifier (A) .
  • the high frequency generator (D) is interleaved in the circuit.
  • the frequency meter is in charge of carrying out the functions of catalyst in the chemical reaction of the batteries, avoiding the heating of the electrolyte and, consequently, of the batteries, performing electrolysis on the components of the battery plates by gradually regenerating them and, in addition, help the load intensity caused by the transformers and rectifiers in the rectification block and stabilize more quickly inside the batteries.
  • the current rectifier (A) consists of Germanium rectifier diodes, of adequate power for the purpose of the charger and which are mounted on a Wheatstone bridge and perform a full wave rectification. They are mounted on aluminum radiators to prevent them from being destroyed by overheating, and in addition, the ventilation is aided by properly arranged fans so that the air flow they cause is conducted through the cooling fins of the radiators.
  • the switch (G) comprises a drive relay that has two main missions, on the one hand to close the power circuit of the power transformer (B) and power amplifier (C) providing them with the necessary electrical power and, on the other side, that of being the short-circuit protection circuits on the charging clamps (F) of the battery charger.
  • the overload safety circuit (E) comprises a load disconnector and a mixed circuit of alternating current and direct current having as main function being the safety circuit for overloads in the charger power circuit through an electronic circuit and A deactivation relay.
  • circuit (E) of safety against overloads by means of a triac of 10 A. of power and of a bridge rectifier of 5 A. that serves as passage, forms the circuit of load security of the rectifier.
  • the safety circuit breaker cuts the battery power in two different ways, by intensity and voltage. When the battery charge is between 5 and 10 A. of its maximum capacity it makes a cut by intensity while using a charge regulator located on the control panel (H) it cuts the charge to the battery upon reaching a certain voltage preset by the position of the regulator.
  • the charging clamps (F) are responsible for carrying the direct current from the output of the rectifier (A) and through suitable section cables to withstand the intensity that must circulate through them, to the batteries to be charged.
  • an ammeter bar of adequate power passage is arranged to, between its ends, connect the ammeter for measuring the intensity of charge that reaches the batteries.
  • the control panel (H) is formed by the necessary elements to control the operation of the charger and, among other elements that can be incorporated, comprises a general switch with its corresponding pilot, which switch gives way to the mains current without activating the internal load, control and safety circuits; a step circuit breaker that activates the circuit's load relay without charging output to the load clamps (F); a circuit breaker switch that bridges it so that when the power difference between the load clamps is insufficient to prime the charger, it can be activated and start charging by lighting the corresponding pilot; a charge regulator that marks the voltage on which the battery will be charged and that will disconnect the charge upon exceeding said voltage or when the amperage is between 5 and 10 A.
  • a charging switch and its corresponding pilot that, when connected to any of the charging currents, activates the battery charging circuit by initiating the charging of the batteries;
  • the load currents from 10 A / h to powers greater than 450 A / h can be selected.
  • control panel H
  • ammeter to know the intensity at which the batteries are charging
  • a voltmeter that, in addition to indicating the potential difference between the terminals of the battery charging, indicates the status and behavior of the battery during the charging process based on the evolution of the potential difference between the battery terminals.
  • the charge regulator through its associated potentiometer, turns on or off the LED corresponding to the load or when disconnected from the system.
  • the elements that make up the battery charger can be assembled in different ways depending on the needs and requirements that are required both in terms of charging intensities and voltage amplitudes without altering the nature of the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un chargeur de batteries comprenant un redresseur de courant (A), un transformateur d'alimentation (B), un amplificateur de puissance (C), un générateur à haute fréquence (D), un circuit (E) de protection contre les surcharges, des pinces de charge (F), un commutateur (G) et un panneau de commande (H), reliés de façon qu'à partir du courant du réseau monophasé ou triphasé et après réduction de la tension d'entrée à un niveau convenable, par un phénomène d'auto-induction et un circuit de réaction, ce chargeur génère une inductance qui du fait qu'elle utilise la composante de l'impédance qui n'est pas due à la résistance, confère au chargeur un rendement ampérométrique jamais atteint jusqu'ici. En raison de la faible fréquence du circuit complémentaire, le chargeur agit à l'intérieur des batteries comme catalyseur et, en même temps qu'il permet de réduire le temps de chargement des batteries, il évite le réchauffement de l'électrolyte et régénère de façon lente, mais uniforme, les plaques des batteries.
PCT/ES2001/000499 2000-12-21 2001-12-21 Chargeur de batteries WO2002050938A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002216130A AU2002216130A1 (en) 2000-12-21 2001-12-21 Battery charger

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200003074A ES2173809B1 (es) 2000-12-21 2000-12-21 Cargador-regenerador de baterias.
ESP200003074 2000-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002050938A1 true WO2002050938A1 (fr) 2002-06-27

Family

ID=8496103

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ES2001/000499 WO2002050938A1 (fr) 2000-12-21 2001-12-21 Chargeur de batteries

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002216130A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2173809B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002050938A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210188036A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Commercial Energy Solutions, LLC Power takeoff-driven refrigeration

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2094574A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Trisa Buerstenfabrik Ag Improvements in or relating to arrangements for charging storage batteries
EP0126936A2 (fr) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-05 Allied Corporation Chargeur de batterie avec commutation à haute fréquence
US4629964A (en) * 1983-09-28 1986-12-16 Ball Newton E Battery power source
DE3801303A1 (de) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-27 Kress Elektrik Gmbh & Co Ladegeraet fuer akkus
US5043650A (en) * 1988-02-26 1991-08-27 Black & Decker Inc. Battery charger
EP0665626A1 (fr) * 1994-01-27 1995-08-02 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Agencement de circuits pour un chargeur de batteries
US5483144A (en) * 1993-03-08 1996-01-09 Marek; Albert Passive battery charging system

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2094574A (en) * 1981-03-09 1982-09-15 Trisa Buerstenfabrik Ag Improvements in or relating to arrangements for charging storage batteries
EP0126936A2 (fr) * 1983-05-20 1984-12-05 Allied Corporation Chargeur de batterie avec commutation à haute fréquence
US4629964A (en) * 1983-09-28 1986-12-16 Ball Newton E Battery power source
DE3801303A1 (de) * 1988-01-19 1989-07-27 Kress Elektrik Gmbh & Co Ladegeraet fuer akkus
US5043650A (en) * 1988-02-26 1991-08-27 Black & Decker Inc. Battery charger
US5483144A (en) * 1993-03-08 1996-01-09 Marek; Albert Passive battery charging system
EP0665626A1 (fr) * 1994-01-27 1995-08-02 Jungheinrich Aktiengesellschaft Agencement de circuits pour un chargeur de batteries

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1995-265115 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20210188036A1 (en) * 2019-12-20 2021-06-24 Commercial Energy Solutions, LLC Power takeoff-driven refrigeration
US11685225B2 (en) * 2019-12-20 2023-06-27 Lovis, Llc Power takeoff-driven refrigeration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002216130A1 (en) 2002-07-01
ES2173809B1 (es) 2011-11-18
ES2173809A1 (es) 2002-10-16

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