WO2002050480A1 - Echangeur de chaleur - Google Patents

Echangeur de chaleur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002050480A1
WO2002050480A1 PCT/IB2001/002290 IB0102290W WO0250480A1 WO 2002050480 A1 WO2002050480 A1 WO 2002050480A1 IB 0102290 W IB0102290 W IB 0102290W WO 0250480 A1 WO0250480 A1 WO 0250480A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
flue gas
exchanger apparatus
fact
modular components
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2001/002290
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ruggero Marchetti
Original Assignee
Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A. filed Critical Merloni Termosanitari S.P.A.
Priority to AU2002218433A priority Critical patent/AU2002218433A1/en
Publication of WO2002050480A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002050480A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H8/00—Fluid heaters characterised by means for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
    • F24H1/30—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle being built up from sections
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F24H1/403—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes the water tubes being arranged in one or more circles around the burner
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger apparatus, in particular for boilers, wherein said exchanger apparatus comprises a set of substantially identical modular components, inside which an exchange liquid flows as well as flue gas at a high temperature, generated by a source of flue gas, which touch the external part of said modular components, which can be connected one to the other so that water can flow through these either in series or in parallel, or, more in general, arranged in groups connected in parallel, which in turn are connected in series.
  • Condensing boilers exploiting the condensation of the water vapor of the combustion flue gas coming from a burner for the recovery of the sensible heat and latent heat are known. Said recovery operation is carried out by means of appropriate heat exchangers exchanging the heat between the flue gas and water by receiving said incoming flue gas at temperatures comprised between 800 and 1000°C and releasing said outgoing flue gas at a temperature of 30-50 °C. Since the condensed flue gas contain large quantities of acid residues, the exchangers must be duly made of a suitable material such as stainless steel or aluminum.
  • Said boilers offer a high efficiency because the heat can be yielded externally only through said exchangers, which receive also all the irradiated heat. Furthermore, the countercurrent exchange allows for the utmost cooling of the combustion flue gas.
  • Patent application FR 2 506 910 introduces also two other important innovations: the finned pipes have staggered fins so that the finned pipes can be best arranged together; furthermore, a separator located below the burner divides the boiler into two areas (the combustion chamber and the flue gas chamber) thus forcing the flue gas to pass through the exchanger and the combustion chamber twice and to return thus making the countercurrent exchange even more efficient.
  • the boilers must have a low thermal inertia, i.e. the minimum possible volume of water with the same thermal horsepower and exchange surface. Said boilers with finned pipes have a number of drawbacks. First of all, not all the flue gas filaments produced by the burner touch a same exchange surface.
  • Another drawback is the fact that, despite a number of countermeasures, such as, for instance, the use of deflectors to favor a more even distribution of the flue gas on the fins, the portion of fin, which is not touched directly by the flue gas because it is located on the hidden face of the pipe compared to the burner, does not exchange heat in a very effective manner; in this portion, the speed of the flue gas is much lower and the condensates stagnate thus corroding even materials resistant to the attack of acids in the long run.
  • This invention aims at solving the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide an improved heat exchanger apparatus which is more efficient compared to known solutions.
  • the main purpose of this invention is that of providing a heat exchanger apparatus enabling all the flue gas filaments to touch the exchange surface and hence render more even the quantity of exchanged heat and the speed of the flue gas on the exchange surface.
  • a further purpose of this invention is that of illustrating a heat exchanger apparatus capable of increasing substantially the ratio existing between the exchange surface and the water volume.
  • Another purpose of this invention is that of developing a heat exchanger apparatus capable of eliminating the blind zones and hence the stagnation of acid condensates.
  • Another purpose of this invention is that of developing a heat exchanger apparatus capable of providing for the creation of a wide range of flue gas/water modular exchangers, wherein said modules can be easily connected to one another either in series or in parallel, or, in general, in sets arranged in parallel that, in turn, can then be connected in series.
  • Another purpose of this invention is that of developing a heat exchanger apparatus that makes it possible to eliminate collectors necessary to collect the water from the single exchange components.
  • Another purpose of this invention is that of developing a heat exchanger apparatus capable of increasing the speed at which water flows on the exchange surface and the speed at which the flue gas run over the exchange surface.
  • Figure 1 provides a perspective sectional view of the components of a heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 provides a horizontal projection of the component of heat exchanger apparatus illustrated in Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 4 provides a partial diagram of a boiler used as a heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of two flat components 13 of a heat exchanger 11 according to the invention.
  • Said flat components 13 have the shape of an annulus and are illustrated overlapped and sectioned along the diameter passing through the holes 14. Near said holes 14 it can be seen that there is a cavity 17 inside each flat component 13, which is hence hollow on the inside.
  • a series of collars 15 are obtained around the 5 passage holes 14. Some of the passage holes 14 can be closed, i.e. not cut at the moment of the making of the flat component 13, depending on whether flat components 13 are to be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the upper surface of the flat component 13 is also provided with radial ribs 16 used as spacers with the superjacent flat components 13 in order to provide for the passage of the flue gas between the flat component 13 and the
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the heat exchanger 11 composed of a series of flat components 13 stacked one on top of the other near the diameter through the passage holes 14.
  • the flat components 13 are laid on the collars 15 of the passage holes 14 and said collars 15 have seal devices 26 to avoid the leakage out of the flat components 13.
  • FIG. 15 A pipe 12 for water is connected below and above the flat components 13 near the passage holes 14 of the flat components 13 respectively on the bottom and on tip of the stack of the flat components 13.
  • Figure 2 clearly shows the cavity 17 in the flat components 13 through which the water from water pipe 12 flows evenly in the while of flat component 13.
  • Figure 3 show the flat component 13 as seen by horizontal projection.
  • said 0 flat component 13 is shaped like an annulus with an external diameter 19 and an internal diameter 20.
  • the flat component 13 has the two passage holes 14 arranged symmetrically in order to establish a connection either in series or in parallel depending on the passage hole 14 used for the connection to the flat component 13 above or below.
  • the arrows 18 indicate the radial movement of the flue gas which flow inside the hole 5 associated to the internal diameter 20 towards the external diameter 19 passing through channel 21 which is visible in Figure 1.
  • Said flat components 13 have preferably an external diameter 19 of 500 mm, an internal diameter 20 of 200 mm and a height of 14 mm for cavity 17.
  • Said Figure 3 shows also the radial ribs 16 pressed on the flat component 13; these ribs are 0 used to keep the necessary distance for the passage of the flue gas between the stacked components and to consolidate the structure of the flat component 13 so that it can bear the pressure of the water in the cavities 17.
  • the radial rib 16 may cause turbulence between the flue gas and the water so as to improve the exchange.
  • FIG 4 shows a heat exchanger 111 in the form of variant of the heat exchanger 11 of Figure 1 and mounted in a boiler 130.
  • Said boiler 130 comprises a combustion chamber 140 and a flue gas chamber 141, which are divided by a separator 142.
  • the combustion chamber 140 contains a burner 131, which is supplied by a gas pipe 132.
  • the flue gas generated by the combustion of the gas in the burner 131 are indicated by the thin arrows 118.
  • the heat exchanger 111 is composed of two sets of flat components 13 and 113. A first set
  • the second set 153 used flat components 113 provided with an annulus surface much larger compared to the flat components 13. The reason is that said second set 153 is housed in the flue gas chamber 141, wherein the burner 131 is not located, and can hence exploit at best the available space by increasing the exchange surface to effectively exchange with the flue gas cold by then. Furthermore, the internal diameter 20 of the components 113 can be smaller because the flue gas passing through them have a low volume.
  • a water pipe 112 supplies cold water indicated by the thick arrows 143 to the second set 153 of flat components 113, which are interconnected by means of the collars 15 of the passage holes 14.
  • the first set 152 of the flat components 13 comprises three packs 150, each comprising five flat components 13, which are connected in parallel with one another.
  • the packs 150 instead, are connected in turn with one another in series.
  • the second set 153 of flat components 113 comprises three packs 151, each comprising five flat components 113, which are connected in parallel with one another.
  • the packs 151 instead, are connected in turn with one another in series.
  • the second set 153 of flat components 113 is hence connected in series to the first set 152 of the flat components 13.
  • the water pipe 112 discharges the water, now hot, downstream of said first set 152 of flat components 13.
  • the flue gas 118 flow countercurrent compared to the water 143, as it can be easily seen in Figure 4 and these are collected by means of a flue gas pipe 144, connected to the flue gas chamber 141 ; the latter flue gas pipe 144 has a condensate drainage pipe 145.
  • the stack of flat components 13 and 113 is held by tie rods not illustrated in Figure 4.
  • collars 15 and 115 can be welded together to ensure both their connection and hold.
  • the description provided above clearly illustrates the characteristics of this invention as well as the resulting advantages.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention enables all the flue gas filaments emitted by the burner to touch evenly the exchange surface of the exchanger component, which is made in such a manner that it is radially symmetric to the burner and, in particular, the component is shaped like an annulus. This makes it possible to surround the burner completely with the exchanger and hence capture effectively also the heat radiated by the burner.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention is advantageously provided with a high exchange ratio between the exchange surface and the volume of water, as the height of the cavity of each component is of just a few millimeters.
  • Said limited height makes it possible to stack a great number of components and hence increase the exchange surface around the burner.
  • said limited height provides for the high speed at which the water flows in the exchangers thus further improving the effectiveness of the thermal exchange.
  • the surface/volume ratio and the flow speed are doubled.
  • the exchange can be improved by increasing the turbulence by means of an appropriate design of said spacers.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention does not have blind zones and stagnation areas of acid condensate flue gas owing to the particularly simple and flat shape of its components.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention is particularly suitable for modular assemblies, as the flat circular structure with passage holes provides a simple and compact solution to join the desired number of components connected to one another in series just by leaving closed some of the passage holes 14 or in parallel depending on the necessity.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention is an advantageous solution that makes it possible to avoid the use of a ring collector to collect the water which, on the contrary, was necessary when using finned pipes.
  • Another advantage of the heat exchanger apparatus according to the invention is that it is formed by flat components that can be easily made by way of molding, for instance, with stainless steel plates, and then by welding.
  • the overall accordion shape of the exchanger makes it possible to absorb thermal expansion. Furthermore, there is no limit in terms of construction with regard to parameters like the high flue gas and water speeds, as the only limits are those regarding the admissible flow resistance for both fluids.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus provides an advantageous solution to obtain components with a larger surface in the water preheating and flue gas condensation area without any complication whatsoever in terms of its construction and to use as best as possible the available volume. It is clear that experts of the sector can make many variants to the heat exchanger apparatus described in the example, without however transcending the novelty inherent to the idea inspiring the invention, as it is just as clear that in its practical implementation the shapes of the illustrated items can vary and that the same can be replaced with technically equivalent components.
  • the heat exchanger apparatus can be built with a modular design and hence comprise 2, 3, 4 packs or more, connected in series, for multiple voltages of 50 - 60 kW.
  • the course of the flue gas can either be through a single channel through the exchanger or through a double channel as in the recommended embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, with a flue gas chamber and a combustion chamber.
  • the components of the stacks of the flue gas chamber can have an internal hole with a much smaller diameter.
  • the shape of the spacers between the components can be extremely varied depending on the functions these are to perform.
  • the design of the ribs can be modified to create an uneven course for the flue gas and water in order to activate the thermal exchange. Instead of the ribs or together with these, it is possible to make a series of bulges on the surface of the plates in order to render the course of the flue gas between said bulges uneven; moreover, the drawing and the arrangement of the bulges and of the ribs can make it possible to intercept completely the heat radiation hence avoiding that it passes in part through the whole flue gas channel 21.
  • the flue gas enter the exchanger at a high speed of approximately 10 m/s and exit at a low speed of approximately 0.4 m/s owing to the drop in their temperature and hence in their volume and owing to the fact that the radial symmetry of the components increases radially the section for the passage of the flue gas in order to favor the discharge of the condensate that forms on the components, it is possible to decrease radially the height of the flue gas channel between one component and another from the internal diameter 20 to the external diameter 19, i.e. to obtain a greater height near the internal diameter and lower height near the external diameter in order to keep the speed of said flue gas high.

Abstract

Echangeur de chaleur conçu particulièrement pour des dispositifs de chauffage et comprenant un ensemble d'éléments modulaires pratiquement identiques dans lesquels circule un liquide échangeur. Un gaz de combustion à température élevée, généré par une source de gaz de combustion, vient en contact avec la face extérieure desdits éléments modulaires qui, à leur tour, peuvent être accouplés les uns aux autres, de sorte que l'eau circule indifféremment à travers lesdits éléments soit en série, soit en parallèle, ou plus généralement, dans des groupes branchés en parallèle et, alternativement branchés en série. D'après l'invention, lesdits éléments modulaires (13, 113) présentent une symétrie radiale par rapport à un axe et l'ensemble de ces éléments modulaires (11, 152, 153) est placé autour de cet axe, le long duquel est disposé la source de gaz de combustion (131).
PCT/IB2001/002290 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Echangeur de chaleur WO2002050480A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002218433A AU2002218433A1 (en) 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Heat exchanger apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTO2000A001183 2000-12-20
IT2000TO001183A IT1321118B1 (it) 2000-12-20 2000-12-20 Apparato scambiatore di calore.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002050480A1 true WO2002050480A1 (fr) 2002-06-27

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ID=11458303

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2001/002290 WO2002050480A1 (fr) 2000-12-20 2001-12-03 Echangeur de chaleur

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002218433A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1321118B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002050480A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1647793A2 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-19 Teclab S.C.R.L. Récupérateur pour la condensation de fumées
EP1873465A1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-02 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Echangeur thermique doté de canaux d'écoulement conçus en forme d'anneau
WO2014070088A3 (fr) * 2012-11-02 2014-06-26 Heatcore Ab Plaque pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques, échangeur de chaleur à plaques comportant de telles plaques, dispositif de chauffage comportant l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, et procédé d'échange de chaleur
EP2157382A3 (fr) * 2008-08-22 2015-09-23 Robert Bosch GmbH Appareil de chauffage
CN106104166A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2016-11-09 庆东纳碧安株式会社 热交换器
US20170059205A1 (en) * 2014-03-17 2017-03-02 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Latent-heat exchanger for hot-water heating and condensing gas boiler including same
JP2017508123A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-23 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器および熱交換器を構成する単位プレートの製造方法
JP2017508124A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-23 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器
JP2017511872A (ja) * 2014-03-17 2017-04-27 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． コンデンシングガスボイラーの熱交換器
JP2019504281A (ja) * 2016-02-05 2019-02-14 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器
US20200355397A1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-11-12 Cosmogas S.R.L. Heat exchanger for a boiler, and heat-exchanger tube

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1943120A1 (de) * 1969-08-25 1971-03-04 Burger Eisenwerke Ag Gliederheizkessel
FR2349106A2 (fr) 1976-04-21 1977-11-18 Vidalenq Maurice Chaudiere a gaz notamment pour le chauffage central
FR2479428A1 (fr) 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Paquet Thermique Chaudiere a gaz pouvant fonctionner en circuit de combustion etanche
FR2506910A2 (fr) 1980-03-27 1982-12-03 Paquet Thermique Chaudiere a gaz pouvant fonctionner en circuit de combustion etanche
FR2515805A1 (fr) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-06 Ideal Standard Echangeur de chaleur a elements modulaires

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1943120A1 (de) * 1969-08-25 1971-03-04 Burger Eisenwerke Ag Gliederheizkessel
FR2349106A2 (fr) 1976-04-21 1977-11-18 Vidalenq Maurice Chaudiere a gaz notamment pour le chauffage central
FR2479428A1 (fr) 1980-03-27 1981-10-02 Paquet Thermique Chaudiere a gaz pouvant fonctionner en circuit de combustion etanche
FR2506910A2 (fr) 1980-03-27 1982-12-03 Paquet Thermique Chaudiere a gaz pouvant fonctionner en circuit de combustion etanche
FR2515805A1 (fr) * 1981-10-30 1983-05-06 Ideal Standard Echangeur de chaleur a elements modulaires

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1647793A3 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2007-07-18 Teclab S.C.R.L. Récupérateur pour la condensation de fumées
EP1647793A2 (fr) * 2004-10-15 2006-04-19 Teclab S.C.R.L. Récupérateur pour la condensation de fumées
EP1873465A1 (fr) * 2006-06-27 2008-01-02 MHG Heiztechnik GmbH Echangeur thermique doté de canaux d'écoulement conçus en forme d'anneau
EP2157382A3 (fr) * 2008-08-22 2015-09-23 Robert Bosch GmbH Appareil de chauffage
WO2014070088A3 (fr) * 2012-11-02 2014-06-26 Heatcore Ab Plaque pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques, échangeur de chaleur à plaques comportant de telles plaques, dispositif de chauffage comportant l'échangeur de chaleur à plaques, et procédé d'échange de chaleur
US10240777B2 (en) 2012-11-02 2019-03-26 Heatcore Ab Plate heat exchanger plate for a plate heat exchanger and a plate heat exchanger comprising such plates
JP2017511872A (ja) * 2014-03-17 2017-04-27 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． コンデンシングガスボイラーの熱交換器
US10605484B2 (en) * 2014-03-17 2020-03-31 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Latent-heat exchanger for hot-water heating and condensing gas boiler including same
US20170059205A1 (en) * 2014-03-17 2017-03-02 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Latent-heat exchanger for hot-water heating and condensing gas boiler including same
JP2017512966A (ja) * 2014-03-17 2017-05-25 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 温水暖房の潜熱熱交換器及びこれを含むコンデンシングガスボイラー
JP2017508123A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-23 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器および熱交換器を構成する単位プレートの製造方法
JP2017508124A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-23 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器
EP3128250A4 (fr) * 2014-03-18 2017-12-27 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Échangeur de chaleur
JP2017507315A (ja) * 2014-03-18 2017-03-16 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器
CN106104166A (zh) * 2014-03-18 2016-11-09 庆东纳碧安株式会社 热交换器
US11313586B2 (en) 2014-03-18 2022-04-26 Kyungdong Navien Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
JP2019504281A (ja) * 2016-02-05 2019-02-14 キュンドン ナビエン シーオー．，エルティーディー． 熱交換器
US20200355397A1 (en) * 2017-08-28 2020-11-12 Cosmogas S.R.L. Heat exchanger for a boiler, and heat-exchanger tube
US11598555B2 (en) * 2017-08-28 2023-03-07 Cosmogas S.R.L. Heat exchanger for a boiler, and heat-exchanger tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1321118B1 (it) 2003-12-30
ITTO20001183A1 (it) 2002-06-20
ITTO20001183A0 (it) 2000-12-20
AU2002218433A1 (en) 2002-07-01

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