WO2002048545A1 - Groupe hydraulique permettant de regler les pales du rotor d'une turbine eolienne - Google Patents

Groupe hydraulique permettant de regler les pales du rotor d'une turbine eolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002048545A1
WO2002048545A1 PCT/DE2001/004236 DE0104236W WO0248545A1 WO 2002048545 A1 WO2002048545 A1 WO 2002048545A1 DE 0104236 W DE0104236 W DE 0104236W WO 0248545 A1 WO0248545 A1 WO 0248545A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
wind turbine
hydraulic
turbine according
hydraulic pump
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/004236
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Hans Peter Janousch
Franz Wirzberger
Jörg Dantlgraber
Original Assignee
Bosch Rexroth Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE10146968A external-priority patent/DE10146968A1/de
Application filed by Bosch Rexroth Ag filed Critical Bosch Rexroth Ag
Publication of WO2002048545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002048545A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/022—Adjusting aerodynamic properties of the blades
    • F03D7/0224—Adjusting blade pitch
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/74—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades by turning around an axis perpendicular the rotor centre line
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/70—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades
    • F05B2260/76—Adjusting of angle of incidence or attack of rotating blades the adjusting mechanism using auxiliary power sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/50—Control logic embodiment by
    • F05B2270/506—Control logic embodiment by hydraulic means, e.g. hydraulic valves within a hydraulic circuit
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind turbine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the concept according to the invention provides that the essential components of the hydraulics for adjusting the angle of attack of rotor blades are rotatably mounted with the rotor. That is, hydraulic elements, such as pressure accumulator, hydraulic pump including drive or control valves, etc. rotate with the rotor, so that the mechanical and hydraulic connecting elements between the actuators of the rotor blades and the hydraulic drive can be designed extremely simply. There is no need for comparatively complex connections in the transition area between the rotating rotor and the stationary machine housing or the nacelle of the wind turbine.
  • the rotary movement of the rotor or the pump shaft is used to drive the hydraulic pump.
  • the coupling between the rotor and the hydraulic pump is preferably carried out via a gearbox which has a gearwheel which is non-rotatably mounted in the nacelle of the wind turbine and which meshes with a drive pinion of a pump shaft. It is preferred to design the gear as a ring or spur gear.
  • the relative arrangement of the relatively heavy components i.e. The hydraulic pump, its drive, the high-pressure accumulator and the low-pressure accumulator feeding the high-pressure accumulator are selected so that no imbalance occurs.
  • the components are preferably attached using a rotary bracket attached to the rotor shaft or the rotor.
  • At least the hydraulic unit with the hydraulic pump and the associated drive is in the vicinity. be stored by the wind turbine. It is particularly preferred if a separate hydraulic unit is assigned to each of the rotor blades.
  • the hub can be made particularly compact if these hydraulic aggregates are each mounted in a rotor blade root of the associated rotor.
  • This exemplary embodiment has the advantage that the hydraulic unit can be lowered into the rotor blade root relatively easily by means of a suitable integrated or retrofittable lifting device.
  • each rotor blade is assigned its own hydraulic unit is that due to the rotationally symmetrical arrangement, the unbalances in the area of the hub are minimal, so that the shaft bearing in the nacelle is not significantly more stressed than in conventional solutions.
  • the rotor can be preassembled with the entire hydraulic system for pitch adjustment, whereby the hydraulic system can consist of the hydraulic pump, the drive, the valves, a pressure medium accumulator, a control block and a cylinder for pivoting the rotor blades.
  • the complete unit can be replaced in the event of repair or maintenance.
  • the hydraulic units are supplied with power via electrical slip rings, which can be assembled very inexpensively and without technical problems.
  • the pitch is preferably adjusted via hydraulic cylinders supported in the hub.
  • the wind turbine is provided with a high-pressure accumulator which is charged via the hydraulic pump, so that there is always a sufficient constant pressure level available.
  • the hydraulic system of the wind turbine preferably has a high-pressure accumulator, via which an emergency switching of the wind turbine is ensured in the event of a failure of the hydraulic unit.
  • the rotation of the hydraulic units can be used to cool the pressure medium, in which, for example, a convection cooler - for example formed by a coiled tube - is arranged in the return line from the actuating elements to the low-pressure accumulator.
  • a convection cooler - for example formed by a coiled tube - is arranged in the return line from the actuating elements to the low-pressure accumulator.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a wind turbine
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a hydraulic adjusting mechanism for adjusting the setting angle of rotor blades of the wind turbine from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of the hydraulic adjusting mechanism from FIG. 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section through a wind turbine according to a second embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 is a sectional side view of the wind turbine of Figure 4 and
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the rotor concept of the above-described wind turbines.
  • FIG. 1 shows a three-dimensional basic illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a wind turbine 1, which can be designed as a lee or wind runner.
  • the wind turbine 1 has a tower 2, on which a rotatably mounted nacelle 4, also called the machine house in larger wind turbines, is mounted.
  • a rotor 6 is mounted on one end face of the nacelle 4, on the latter
  • Hub 8 for example, three rotor blades 10 are attached.
  • the angle of attack the rotor blades 10 can be changed via a hydraulically actuated adjusting mechanism (not shown in FIG. 1), so that the wind wheel 1 can also be operated at high wind speeds.
  • FIG. 2 shows a greatly simplified section through that area of the wind turbine 1 in which the hub 8 is mounted in the nacelle 4 with a rotor shaft 12.
  • the plane of movement 14 of the rotor blades 10 is indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG.
  • the rotor shaft 12 is supported by a shaft bearing 16 in the nacelle 4, which has bearing elements for supporting the rotor shaft in the radial and axial directions.
  • a gear is arranged on the right end section of the rotor shaft 12, which is not shown in FIG. 2, via which the rotor shaft speed is translated to a generator speed.
  • the transmission gear is selected such that, for example, a rotor speed of 20 revolutions per minute can be translated into a generator speed of approximately 1500 revolutions per minute.
  • a ring gear 18 is fixed to the head 4 in a rotationally fixed manner with respect to the rotor shaft 12.
  • the ring gear 18 provided with internal teeth meshes with a drive pinion 20 of a hydraulic pump 22.
  • This hydraulic pump 22 is fastened to a rotary bracket 24, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor shaft 12 via a hub-shaped section.
  • the hydraulic pump 22 and the associated control block are combined into one unit and attached to a radially projecting flange-like part of the rotary bracket 24.
  • the hydraulic pump 22 can be designed, for example, with a hydraulic p-control.
  • the drive pinion 20 is fastened to a pump shaft 26 of the hydraulic pump 22. With a rotation of the rotor shaft caused by the kinematic energy of the wind, the pump shaft 26 is caused the engagement of the drive pinion 20 with the ring gear 18 rotated and thus the hydraulic pump 22 driven.
  • a low-pressure connection T of the hydraulic pump 22 is connected to a low-pressure accumulator 28, which is also fastened to the rotary bracket 24, so that pressure medium is sucked in from the low-pressure accumulator 28 via the hydraulic pump 22 and attached to the rotary console 24 via a pressure connection P High-pressure accumulator 30 is released.
  • the pressure control of the hydraulic pump 22 is set so that the high-pressure accumulator is charged to a pressure of, for example, 200 bar.
  • the pressure vessels of the high-pressure and low-pressure accumulator 28, 30 can each be provided with cooling fins so that the pressure medium can be kept at a low temperature level.
  • An actuator for example a hydraulic cylinder 34, is supplied with pressure medium via a hydraulic control arrangement 32 (not described in more detail), with pressure limiting, switching valves, etc., via which the angle of attack of the rotor blades 10 can be changed. Even the components of the hydraulic
  • Control 32 and the hydraulic cylinder 34 are mounted in the rotor.
  • a convection cooler 38 can be arranged in a return line 36 from the hydraulic control arrangement 32 to the low-pressure accumulator 28.
  • This convection cooler 38 can be formed, for example, by a coiled tube area of the return line 36.
  • Fastening means of the control arrangement can be provided in the rotor 6.
  • An essential feature of the above-described exemplary embodiment is that the rotational energy of the rotor shaft is used directly by the interposition of a gear to drive the hydraulic pump 22.
  • FIG. 4 shows a greatly simplified longitudinal section through a wind turbine 1 according to a second embodiment.
  • a rotor 6 with the rotor shaft 12, the hub 8 and the rotor blades 10 is mounted in the nacelle 4.
  • the hydraulic pump with the associated units was mounted on the rotor shaft 12 and driven by its rotary movement
  • each of the rotor blades 10 is assigned its own hydraulic unit 40.
  • This contains at least one hydraulic pump 22 and the associated pump drive 42, the drive 42 being supplied with power via slip rings 44 which are arranged in the region between the nacelle 4 and the rotor shaft 12.
  • the hydraulic unit 40 contains, in addition to the hydraulic pump 22 and the drive 42, a pressure accumulator (not shown) and control elements, such as a control block, by means of which the hydraulic cylinder 34 can be controlled to set the pitch angle.
  • This hydraulic cylinder 34 is mounted in the hub 8.
  • the advantage of the variant shown in Figure 4 is that the hydraulic lines between the hydraulic cylinder 34 and the hydraulic unit 40 are extremely short, so that a very compact embodiment with a small dead volume, etc. is provided.
  • the hydraulic units 40 are designed to be comparatively small with a low mass and are mounted near the axis of rotation, so that the mass moment of inertia of the rotor is influenced only insignificantly. Since each rotor has its own hydraulic unit 40, the unbalance in the area of the rotor 8 is minimal.
  • the hydraulic units 40a, 40b and 40c assigned to each rotor blade 10a, 10b, 10c are each arranged in a rotor blade root 46 of the associated rotor blade 40.
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view from the hub 8 of the rotor blade root 46, the pivot axis of the rotor blade 10 being designated by the reference symbol 48.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 34 is pivotally mounted on a housing of the hub 8 via a pivot pin 50.
  • a piston rod 52 of the hydraulic cylinder 34 engages the rotor blade root 46, so that the rotor blade root 46 and thus the entire rotor blade 10 can be pivoted about the pivot axis 48 by retracting or extending the piston rod 52.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 34 is controlled via the hydraulic unit 40, which is preferably mounted centrally in the rotor blade root 46 and is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 34 via the pressure lines 52, 54 described above.
  • the hydraulic accumulator and the control block for controlling the hydraulic cylinder 34 are integrated in the hydraulic unit 40.
  • the mounting of the hydraulic cylinder 34 and its connection to the hydraulic unit 40 must of course be selected so that the required pitch angle range of the rotor blade can be adjusted.
  • a lifting device 56 can be used for maintenance or disassembly or assembly of the hydraulic unit 40 in the hub 8, by means of which the hydraulic unit 40 can be lifted out of the rotor blade root 46.
  • This hoist 56 can be centrally integrated into the hub 8 or used subsequently.
  • the assembly of the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is particularly simple, since practically the entire hydraulic system for adjusting the pitch angle can be delivered as a pre-assembled unit with the rotor blade 10 or the complete rotor. The complete unit can then be replaced in the event of a repair.
  • a wind turbine with a nacelle in which a rotor is mounted is disclosed.
  • the angle of attack of the rotor blades supported by the rotor hub can be adjusted by means of a hydraulic adjusting mechanism depending on the wind strength.
  • essential components of the actuating mechanism such as the hydraulic pump and its drive and, if appropriate, pressure medium accumulator, etc., are mounted on the rotor or the rotor shaft.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une roue éolienne comprenant une nacelle dans laquelle un rotor est monté. L'angle d'incidence des pales du rotor montées sur le moyeu du rotor peut être réglé à l'aide d'un mécanisme de réglage hydraulique en fonction de la force du vent. Selon la présente invention, des composants essentiels de ce mécanisme de réglage, tels que la pompe hydraulique (22), son entraînement et éventuellement l'accumulateur de pression, sont montés sur le rotor ou l'arbre du rotor.
PCT/DE2001/004236 2000-12-12 2001-11-12 Groupe hydraulique permettant de regler les pales du rotor d'une turbine eolienne WO2002048545A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10061792.1 2000-12-12
DE10061792 2000-12-12
DE10146968A DE10146968A1 (de) 2000-12-12 2001-09-18 Windrad
DE10146968.3 2001-09-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002048545A1 true WO2002048545A1 (fr) 2002-06-20

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ID=26007938

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2001/004236 WO2002048545A1 (fr) 2000-12-12 2001-11-12 Groupe hydraulique permettant de regler les pales du rotor d'une turbine eolienne

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WO (1) WO2002048545A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7658594B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2010-02-09 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine, hydraulic system, air bleed system and method of controlling at least two wind turbine blades
WO2012109461A1 (fr) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Inventus Holdings, Llc Procédé permettant de positionner un accumulateur hydraulique dans un moyeu d'un générateur d'énergie électrique du type éolien
WO2015014367A1 (fr) 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Hydratech Industries Wind Power A/S Système de pas hydraulique utilisant un réservoir pressurisé pilote pour turbines éoliennes

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR922918A (fr) * 1946-01-16 1947-06-23 Condensation Application Mec Aéromoteurs à régulation hydraulique
GB2022534A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-12-19 Dowty Rotol Ltd Bladed rotors
DE20017994U1 (de) * 2000-10-19 2001-02-08 Steven Joachim Hybrider Pitch-Antrieb für Windkraftanlagen

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR922918A (fr) * 1946-01-16 1947-06-23 Condensation Application Mec Aéromoteurs à régulation hydraulique
GB2022534A (en) * 1978-04-20 1979-12-19 Dowty Rotol Ltd Bladed rotors
DE20017994U1 (de) * 2000-10-19 2001-02-08 Steven Joachim Hybrider Pitch-Antrieb für Windkraftanlagen

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7658594B2 (en) 2002-04-24 2010-02-09 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Wind turbine, hydraulic system, air bleed system and method of controlling at least two wind turbine blades
WO2012109461A1 (fr) * 2011-02-10 2012-08-16 Inventus Holdings, Llc Procédé permettant de positionner un accumulateur hydraulique dans un moyeu d'un générateur d'énergie électrique du type éolien
WO2015014367A1 (fr) 2013-08-01 2015-02-05 Hydratech Industries Wind Power A/S Système de pas hydraulique utilisant un réservoir pressurisé pilote pour turbines éoliennes
CN105473848A (zh) * 2013-08-01 2016-04-06 海卓泰克工业风力有限公司 用于风力涡轮机的利用先导式加压储存器的液压变桨距系统

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