WO2002041703A2 - Additif a la zeolite destine a des aliments pour animaux et procede d'utilisation associe - Google Patents

Additif a la zeolite destine a des aliments pour animaux et procede d'utilisation associe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002041703A2
WO2002041703A2 PCT/CA2001/001639 CA0101639W WO0241703A2 WO 2002041703 A2 WO2002041703 A2 WO 2002041703A2 CA 0101639 W CA0101639 W CA 0101639W WO 0241703 A2 WO0241703 A2 WO 0241703A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zeolite
fish
fish feed
ammonia
fishes
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CA2001/001639
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2002041703A3 (fr
Inventor
Michael Florian
Brad Hicks
David Groves
Original Assignee
Taplow Ventures Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Taplow Ventures Ltd filed Critical Taplow Ventures Ltd
Priority to CA002429392A priority Critical patent/CA2429392A1/fr
Priority to AU2002221372A priority patent/AU2002221372A1/en
Publication of WO2002041703A2 publication Critical patent/WO2002041703A2/fr
Publication of WO2002041703A3 publication Critical patent/WO2002041703A3/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an animal feed and, more particularly, to a zeolite additive for fish feed which additive thereby reduces ammonia in the water inhabited by the fishes within the enclosure in which the fish feed and the zeolite additive are used.
  • hydrous aluminosilicate sorbent composition as an animal feed supplement is described in United States Patent 5,140,949 (Chu et al) entitled ZEOLITE- CLAY COMPOSITION AND USES THEREOF, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the composition comprises a non-fibrous naturally occurring clay and a non-fibrous crystalline zeolite.
  • the composition is stated to have a synergistic effect in binding ammonium cations at both high and low levels of available ammonia.
  • the use of the dietary supplement is stated to result in improved performance
  • the zeolite Because the zeolite is perpetually added to the feed and is concurrently being removed by the microscreen filter it functions similarly to an ammonia sink.
  • recirculation systems are used for recirculating water, the above-identified problems are exacerbated since recirculation type systems have high capital and operating costs . Significant reductions in production costs could be realised by increasing fish production.
  • a method for reducing the ammonia toxicity in an environment where ammonia is excreted by an animal comprising adding an effective amount of zeolite as a component of or as a supplement to a feed or foodstuff.
  • a method for reducing the quantity of ammonia in a recirculating water type fish enclosure wherein fish are raised for harvesting comprising adding an effective amount of zeolite to a ish feed to form a composition and feeding said composition of said zeolite and said fish feed to fishes within said recirculating type fish enclosure thereby to reduce said quantity of said ammonia in said recirculated water.
  • a method for increasing the sedimentation rate of feces from fishes raised for harvesting within an enclosure with water therein wherein said water of said enclosure is recirculated comprising adding an effective amount of zeolite to a fish feed to form a composition and feeding said composition of said fish feed and zeolite to said fish in said enclosure.
  • a method for decreasing the use of oxygen in oxidation of ammonia in an environment for raising fishes comprising the steps of feeding said fishes a fish feed which includes an effective quantity of zeolite for increasing ammonia removal from said environment thereby reducing said use of said oxygen in said oxidation of said ammonia .
  • a method of forming a composition used for the feeding of fishes comprising adding an effective amount of zeolite to a fish feed.
  • a fish feed used for consumption by fishes being raised for harvesting in an enclosure containing water, said fish feed comprising a composition of nutritionally balanced and edible ingredients and including an effective amount of zeolite as a supplement to said composition of nutritionally balanced and edible ingredients .
  • a method of manufacturing a fish feed and zeolite composition comprising adding said fish feed and said zeolite to a hopper, mixing said fix feed and said zeolite, grinding said fish feed and said zeolite to obtain uniform size particles of said fish feed and said zeolite, adding an appropriate quantity of liquid to said uniform size particles of said fish feed and said zeolite, extruding said fish feed and said zeolite through holes to form cylindrical extrusion , severing said extruded fish feed and zeolite to form pellets, drying said pellets and storing said dried pellets of fish feed and zeolite.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of an aquaculture environment where fish are being raised for commercial harvesting utilising the composition of fish feed and zeolite in a system wherein recirculation takes place and wherein both microscreen and biological type filters are used to cleanse and purify the recirculated water; and
  • Figure 2 is diagrammatic view illustrating, inter alia, the processes used in creating the composition according to the invention which comprises a fish feed with an added and effective amount of zeolite .
  • an environment for raising fish is generally illustrated at 100 in Figure 1. It comprises a tank diagrammatically illustrated at 101 within which fish generally illustrated at 102 are present.
  • the water within the tank or enclosure 101 is recirculated.
  • a microscreen filter 104 and a biological filter 110 are provided in the recirculation loop to cleanse the water being recirculated.
  • Fish feed as described in greater detail hereafter, is conveniently intermittently added to the water from feeder 111 above the tank 101 for the fish, although manual feeding could of course could also be used which would likewise include the benefits of the invention.
  • the ingredients typically making up the feed used for the fishes include fish meal and fish oil which, together, comprise approximately seventy-five percent (75%) by weight of the fish feed.
  • wheat, corn gluten meal, soy bean meal, blood meal, methionine, various' vitamins and minerals and sorbic acid are typical ingredients as is known in the art. It will be appreciated that the quantities used can vary depending upon the size of the fish which are being fed with less feed being used for smaller ishes and more feed being used for larger growth fishes . Likewise , it will be understood that the ratio between the various ingredients can change depending, for example, upon the age of the fish being raised in the tank 101. However, the general quantity of the ingredients and the specific identification of the ingredients is variable and is well known to those skilled in the art and need not be specifically defined here.
  • the pellets of the fish feed are placed in the feeder 111 ( Figure 1) located above the tank or enclosure 101.
  • the feeder 111 is automatically activated by a suitable timer and disperses a predetermined quantity of pellets into the tank 101 to feed the fishes 102 at desired intervals .
  • the byproducts from the fish 102 include oxygen deprived water from the gills , urine and feces . These byproducts enter the water which passes to the microscreen filter 104.
  • the solids with ammonia adsorbed by the zeolite are removed by the microscreen filter 104 and become waste 130.
  • the microscreen filter thereby acts as a continuous ammonia sink.
  • the solubles which include ammonia pass to the biofilter 110 where oxygen is added at 131 to replenish the oxygen previously used by the fishes 102 and also so that proper nitrification can occur. With nitrification completed, the non-toxic nitrates return to the environment at 132.
  • the zeolite which is added to the fish feed has several significant benefits.
  • the addition of zeolite to fish feed increases the sedimentation rate of the feces from the fishes prior to feces removal by the microscreen ilter 104. This feces removal will reduce the loading on the biofilter 110 which will allow more fish to be raised in and harvested from the tank 101.
  • a third benefit is that in recirculation type fish growing systems, such as the system 100, zeolite will increase the density of the feces which will "bulk up" the fish feces making the microscreen filter 104 used in the recirculation loop more effective by increasing the quantity of fecal material being removed from the water within enclosure 101 through the micro screen 104. This decreases the loading on the microscreen filter 104.
  • zeolite has a relatively high surface area that readily accepts a biofilm. This increases the rate at which nitrification takes place at the biofilter 110 in recirculation systems since the increased surface area for nitrogenous bacteria will increase the number of bacterial available for nitrification. This will increase the efficiency of the systems and allows for greater fish production since an increase in nitrification results in an increase in the rate at which ammonia is removed from the system. This allows for increased loading of the system and a concomitant increase in production.
  • zeolite is continuously renewed through the fish feed which is execrated by the fishes .
  • the execrated zeolite thereby continuously acts to remove ammonia from the recirculation system by providing a perpetual sink for the ammonia. This again improves the productivity of the recirculation system.
  • recirculation systems such as the system 100 are highly capital intensive with similarly high operating costs . Small increases in operating efficiency which allows small increases in production will have a disproportionate effect on decreasing the cost of production. The addition of zeolite that has heretofore been explained will therefor assist in decreasing the cost of production by increasing fish production.
  • the benefits of the invention are particularly applicable and significant to recirculation type fish production environments, the benefits also accrue to other environments in which fishes may be raised such as open water environments as exist in lakes and oceans and enclosed type environments such as quarries and the like, raceways as used in governmental . Indeed, although the benefits of the invention are particularly applicable to fish harvesting environments, they may also apply to any environment where feces contamination is of concern. Such environments would include hobbie activities where fish are bred or grown, aquariums, zoos where fish are displayed and fish hatcheries where fry are raised.
  • the toxicity of a non-aquatic environment may result from the presence of excessive or objectionable ammonia excreted by animals including mammals , birds such as are present in chicken farms and the like, it is contemplated that the ammonia toxicity, including the toxicity of objectionable odor, may be reduced by the presence of zeolite as a component of or as supplement in feed or foodstuffs.
  • zeolite as a feed component increases the density of the feces from the fishes. Since the increased density will allow better separation of the feces from the water, the man made enclosed systems can remove the feces more easily and will thereby work more efficiently.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant de réduire le niveau d'ammoniac dans un milieu aquatique utilisé pour faire l'élevage commercial des poissons. Une nourriture pour poissons composée des matières habituelles est combinée à un additif à la zéolite. Cette combinaison forme une composition qui est distribuée aux poissons et qui permet de mieux éliminer l'ammoniac de l'enclos à poissons dans des systèmes aquatiques ou d'aquaculture sans circulation ou à recirculation. Le fait d'éliminer l'ammoniac présente de nombreux avantages et permet d'obtenir une production accrue, notamment dans les systèmes d'aquaculture dans lesquels l'eau est recyclée.
PCT/CA2001/001639 2000-11-22 2001-11-22 Additif a la zeolite destine a des aliments pour animaux et procede d'utilisation associe WO2002041703A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA002429392A CA2429392A1 (fr) 2000-11-22 2001-11-22 Additif a la zeolite destine a des aliments pour animaux et procede d'utilisation associe
AU2002221372A AU2002221372A1 (en) 2000-11-22 2001-11-22 Zeolite additive for animal feed and method of using same

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US72152500A 2000-11-22 2000-11-22
US09/721,525 2000-11-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002041703A2 true WO2002041703A2 (fr) 2002-05-30
WO2002041703A3 WO2002041703A3 (fr) 2002-09-06

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AU (1) AU2002221372A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2429392A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2002041703A2 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7713562B2 (en) 2003-09-04 2010-05-11 Rose Acre Farms, Inc. Animal feed and methods for reducing ammonia and phosphorus levels in manure
US10034461B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2018-07-31 Atlantic Sapphire IP, L.L.C. Systems and methods of intensive recirculating aquaculture
US10959411B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2021-03-30 Atlantic Sapphire IP, L.L.C. Bottom grading apparatuses for aquaculture systems
US11425895B2 (en) 2020-03-05 2022-08-30 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Method for optimization of filtration in an aquaculture system
US11484015B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2022-11-01 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Systems and methods of intensive recirculating aquaculture
US11596132B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2023-03-07 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Transfer assembly and system for aquaculture
US11627729B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2023-04-18 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Transfer assembly and system for aquaculture
US11662291B1 (en) 2021-02-03 2023-05-30 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc System and method for feed validation measurement

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5140949A (en) * 1989-09-19 1992-08-25 Mobil Oil Corporation Zeolite-clay composition and uses thereof
WO1995010195A1 (fr) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-20 Westway Trading Corporation Procede de preparation de blocs alimentaires rigides pour animaux

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JPS59113853A (ja) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-30 Toshihisa Mori 魚餌添加物
JPH05276879A (ja) * 1992-04-02 1993-10-26 Shinkiyou Sangyo Kk 水産用飼料
JPH07115916A (ja) * 1993-10-29 1995-05-09 Nippon Oil & Fats Co Ltd 飼料組成物
JP3428126B2 (ja) * 1993-12-20 2003-07-22 株式会社秋田食肉卸センター 家畜の飼養方法及び飼料
CN1269154A (zh) * 1999-04-02 2000-10-11 王洪章 一种浓缩蛋鸡饲料

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5140949A (en) * 1989-09-19 1992-08-25 Mobil Oil Corporation Zeolite-clay composition and uses thereof
WO1995010195A1 (fr) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-20 Westway Trading Corporation Procede de preparation de blocs alimentaires rigides pour animaux

Non-Patent Citations (7)

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D. LANARI ET AL.: "Biogas production from solid wastes removed from fish farm effluents" AQUATIC LIVING RESOURCES., vol. 11, no. 4, 1998, pages 289-295, XP008003768 CDR, MONTROUGE., FR ISSN: 0990-7740 *
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F.A. MUMPTON ET AL.: "The application of natural zeolites in animal science and aquaculture" JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE, vol. 45, no. 5, 1977, pages 1188-1203, XP008004539 NEW YORK, NY, US ISSN: 0021-8812 *
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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7713562B2 (en) 2003-09-04 2010-05-11 Rose Acre Farms, Inc. Animal feed and methods for reducing ammonia and phosphorus levels in manure
US10034461B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2018-07-31 Atlantic Sapphire IP, L.L.C. Systems and methods of intensive recirculating aquaculture
US10694722B1 (en) 2015-05-21 2020-06-30 Atlantic Sapphire IP, L.L.C. Systems and methods of intensive recirculating aquaculture
US11484015B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2022-11-01 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Systems and methods of intensive recirculating aquaculture
US11596132B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2023-03-07 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Transfer assembly and system for aquaculture
US11627729B2 (en) 2015-05-21 2023-04-18 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Transfer assembly and system for aquaculture
US10959411B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2021-03-30 Atlantic Sapphire IP, L.L.C. Bottom grading apparatuses for aquaculture systems
US11785921B2 (en) 2018-01-04 2023-10-17 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Bottom grading apparatuses for aquaculture systems
US11425895B2 (en) 2020-03-05 2022-08-30 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc Method for optimization of filtration in an aquaculture system
US11662291B1 (en) 2021-02-03 2023-05-30 Atlantic Sapphire Ip, Llc System and method for feed validation measurement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2429392A1 (fr) 2002-05-30
AU2002221372A1 (en) 2002-06-03
WO2002041703A3 (fr) 2002-09-06

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