WO2002040843A1 - Moteur a deux temps - Google Patents

Moteur a deux temps Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2002040843A1
WO2002040843A1 PCT/FI2001/000993 FI0100993W WO0240843A1 WO 2002040843 A1 WO2002040843 A1 WO 2002040843A1 FI 0100993 W FI0100993 W FI 0100993W WO 0240843 A1 WO0240843 A1 WO 0240843A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pistons
engine according
stroke
engine
stroke engine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2001/000993
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jaakko Larjola
Original Assignee
Jaakko Larjola
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Jaakko Larjola filed Critical Jaakko Larjola
Priority to AU2002215070A priority Critical patent/AU2002215070A1/en
Publication of WO2002040843A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002040843A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1869—Linear generators; sectional generators
    • H02K7/1876—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts
    • H02K7/1884—Linear generators; sectional generators with reciprocating, linearly oscillating or vibrating parts structurally associated with free piston engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B71/00—Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft
    • F02B71/04—Adaptations of such engines for special use; Combinations of such engines with apparatus driven thereby
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B63/00—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices
    • F02B63/04—Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices for electric generators
    • F02B63/041—Linear electric generators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-stroke combustion engine according to claim 1.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the structure and operating principle of a two- stroke engine according to the invention in a cross-section in the longitudinal direction
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematical perspective view of an application, in which four two-stroke engines according to Fig. 1 are used as a group.
  • the principle of the engine according to the invention is shown in Fig. 1.
  • the basic elements are two pistons 11a, 11b (placed on opposite ends of a shaft 13) coupled together and mounted on active magnetic bearings 12 (equipped with a feedback control loop).
  • the magnetic bearings 12 keep the shaft 13 connecting the pistons 11a, 11b continuously on a desired line, at a precision of about 0.01 mm.
  • a seal 14 for the pistons 11a, 11b and the shaft 13 in relation to the frame structure 15 contactless labyrinth seals are used.
  • the whole piston mechanism moves without a mechanical contact with the frame structure 15, and a lubricating oil is thus not needed.
  • the power is output from the engine by means of a linear generator 16.
  • a movable rotor 17 placed between the pistons 11a, 11b and connected to the shaft 13 moving with the pistons 11a, 11b is magnetized e.g. by means of a flexible cable 18, and the magnetization current is continuously controlled by means of a control device 28 in connection with the frame structure 15 in such a way that the generator consisting of said rotor 17 and a stator 19 surrounding the same and connected to the inner surface of the frame structure 15 generates a counterforce for the pistons 11a, 11b, suitable for the operation of the engine.
  • the linear generator 16 produces an asynchronic, primarily high-frequency current which is transformed by means of a frequency transformer 20 to a synchronized alternating current suitable for the mains system.
  • the upper piston 11a starts to move downwards, starting a combustion stroke, whereas in the cylinder 15b of the lower piston 11b, the exhaust valve 21 b is closed and the above-described compression stroke is started, as described above for the piston 11 a.
  • Back-pressure valves 25 prevent the compressed air between the piston 11 and the magnetic bearing 12 from flowing back into the compressor 26 of the turbocharger 22.
  • the above-described working cycle is the normal working cycle of a conventional large two-stroke diesel engine, with the exception that the movement of the piston is now not controlled by a crankshaft.
  • the pistons 11 When the pistons 11 are moving, there is always a working cycle going on in either cylinder 15a or 15b, which secures the continuity of the process.
  • the compression ratio of the engine is no longer determined by the dimensions of the crankshaft but by the timing of the injection and exhaust valves and the counterforce produced by the linear generator 16.
  • the reciprocating motion of the pistons produces an inertial force swinging the frame structure 15 up and down.
  • This can be compensated by mounting four units, each consisting of pistons 11a, 11b, a shaft 13, a linear generator, and a frame structure 15, in one integrated block as shown in Fig. 2, in such a way that the shafts 13 are in parallel.
  • the movements of the pistons are here scheduled so that when the pistons move upwards in the cylinders a and b, they always move downwards in the cylinders c and d, and vice versa. In this way, the inertial forces are compensated for, and the engine will be completely free of vibrations.
  • the cooling of the piston is conventionally effected by lubricating oil.
  • the need for cooling the piston is increased by the requirement of light weight, which will normally lead to the choice of a material which is poorly resistant to heat (an aluminium alloy).
  • the piston is not subjected to equally high demands of light weight, because the reciprocating motion is implemented by means of the joint-free shaft 13 resistant to a high load.
  • the piston could be made of a heat-resisting, nickel-based alloy (e.g. the Inconel series) and coated with a ceramic substance.
  • the piston is sufficiently cooled through its bottom.
  • oil-lubricated piston rings are used for sealing of the piston.
  • a sufficient sealing is achieved when the clearance between the labyrinth ribs and the frame structure 15 is kept sufficiently small.
  • an active clearance control can be implemented in the same way as in other applications, for example modern jet engines.
  • sensors are continuously used to measure the clearance between the piston 11 a (11b) and the cylinder 15a (15b), to control the cooling medium circulation of the cylinders 15a, 15b in cooling ducts 28a, 28b which are placed around the cylinders 15a, 15b in the frame structure 15.
  • the cooling of the linear generator 16 can be provided without a separate fan by means of the air flow produced by the reciprocating motion of the rotor 17.
  • the engine can be started, for example, by pressurized air or by using the generator 16 as a linear engine.
  • Starting by pressurized air can be effected e.g. by the following way: Pressurized air is supplied via a pressurized air duct 29 to the lower cylinder 15b so that the upper piston 11 a is lifted to the upper dead centre, and fuel is injected to the upper cylinder 15a.
  • the exhaust valve 21b of the lower cylinder 15b is opened until the pressure of the lower cylinder 15a is sufficiently reduced so that the working cycle of the upper cylinder 15a can bring the piston 11b to the upper dead centre.
  • fuel is injected into the lower cylinder 15b, and the operation of the engine is continued in the normal way.
  • the engine according to the invention will now be compared with the conventional engine.
  • a large two- stroke engine is primarily considered, wherein the output would be in the order of 1 MW per cylinder.
  • the crankshaft, the reciprocating rod and the crank bearings are missing.
  • there is no lubricating oil system also a turbocharger can be easily provided with magnetic bearings. It can thus be estimated that in spite of the more complex control systems and the frequency transformer, the engine according to the invention would be less expensive than a conventional engine in said size category. Thanks to the simpler structure, the mean piston speed can be higher than in the conventional engine, which will further reduce the specific investment.
  • the efficiency of a modern large two-stroke diesel engine is about 50 %. Because there are no bearing losses or lubricating oil losses in the engine according to the invention, the efficiency may be as high as

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

dans un moteur à deux temps, deux pistons (11a, 11b) sont reliés l'un à l'autre de telle sorte que lorsqu'un cylindre (15a) se trouve au temps de compression, l'autre cylindre (15b) se trouve au temps d'échappement. L'arbre (13) qui relie lesdits pistons (11a, 11b) est équipé de paliers magnétiques dynamiques (12) et de joints sans contact (14) du type à labyrinthe par exemple.
PCT/FI2001/000993 2000-11-20 2001-11-16 Moteur a deux temps WO2002040843A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2002215070A AU2002215070A1 (en) 2000-11-20 2001-11-16 Two-stroke engine

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20002535A FI108567B (fi) 2000-11-20 2000-11-20 Kaksitahtinen moottori
FI20002535 2000-11-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002040843A1 true WO2002040843A1 (fr) 2002-05-23

Family

ID=8559528

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2001/000993 WO2002040843A1 (fr) 2000-11-20 2001-11-16 Moteur a deux temps

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU2002215070A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI108567B (fr)
WO (1) WO2002040843A1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2005100764A1 (fr) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-27 Volvo Technology Corporation Procede et systeme de commande d'un convertisseur d'energie a pistons libres
WO2006000899A1 (fr) * 2004-06-28 2006-01-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Piston refroidi au sodium pour moteur a piston libre
JP2008051059A (ja) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Mazda Motor Corp フリーピストンエンジン
KR101013802B1 (ko) 2009-06-19 2011-02-14 한국에너지기술연구원 병렬구조식 리니어 엔진 시스템 및 제어방법
KR101013801B1 (ko) 2009-06-19 2011-02-14 한국에너지기술연구원 기화압력을 이용한 직분사 리니어 엔진 및 리니어 엔진의 제어방법
WO2011026774A1 (fr) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Machine à piston avec montage du piston sur palier magnétique
KR101088136B1 (ko) 2009-08-11 2011-12-02 한국에너지기술연구원 리니어 엔진의 병렬구조식 리니어 제너레이터
KR101097877B1 (ko) 2009-12-23 2011-12-23 한국에너지기술연구원 리니어 엔진의 배열 및 기화열을 이용한 열전발전 시스템
WO2012010208A1 (fr) 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 Lachezar Lazarov Petkanchin Générateur d'électricité et groupe moteur équipé de celui-ci
WO2012080464A1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-21 Herbert Klement Système d'entraînement
WO2013032083A1 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 한국에너지기술연구원 Générateur de moteur linéaire intégré à structure parallèle
EP2178191A3 (fr) * 2008-10-15 2013-05-15 Bucher, Jürgen Groupe à piston libre

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4532431A (en) * 1981-10-02 1985-07-30 Cuv "Progress" Method and apparatus for producing electrical energy from a cyclic combustion process utilizing coupled pistons which reciprocate in unison
US4876991A (en) * 1988-12-08 1989-10-31 Galitello Jr Kenneth A Two stroke cycle engine
US4889039A (en) * 1988-10-17 1989-12-26 Miller Bernard F Gas compressor with labyrinth sealing and active magnetic bearings
US5002020A (en) * 1988-04-26 1991-03-26 Kos Joseph F Computer optimized hybrid engine
GB2332988A (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-07 Duncan Pinkerton Opposed piston ic generator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4532431A (en) * 1981-10-02 1985-07-30 Cuv "Progress" Method and apparatus for producing electrical energy from a cyclic combustion process utilizing coupled pistons which reciprocate in unison
US5002020A (en) * 1988-04-26 1991-03-26 Kos Joseph F Computer optimized hybrid engine
US4889039A (en) * 1988-10-17 1989-12-26 Miller Bernard F Gas compressor with labyrinth sealing and active magnetic bearings
US4876991A (en) * 1988-12-08 1989-10-31 Galitello Jr Kenneth A Two stroke cycle engine
GB2332988A (en) * 1997-12-31 1999-07-07 Duncan Pinkerton Opposed piston ic generator

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7721686B2 (en) 2004-04-19 2010-05-25 Volvo Technology Corporation Method and system for controlling a free-piston energy converter
WO2005100764A1 (fr) * 2004-04-19 2005-10-27 Volvo Technology Corporation Procede et systeme de commande d'un convertisseur d'energie a pistons libres
WO2006000899A1 (fr) * 2004-06-28 2006-01-05 Ford Global Technologies, Llc. Piston refroidi au sodium pour moteur a piston libre
JP2008051059A (ja) * 2006-08-28 2008-03-06 Mazda Motor Corp フリーピストンエンジン
EP2178191A3 (fr) * 2008-10-15 2013-05-15 Bucher, Jürgen Groupe à piston libre
KR101013802B1 (ko) 2009-06-19 2011-02-14 한국에너지기술연구원 병렬구조식 리니어 엔진 시스템 및 제어방법
KR101013801B1 (ko) 2009-06-19 2011-02-14 한국에너지기술연구원 기화압력을 이용한 직분사 리니어 엔진 및 리니어 엔진의 제어방법
KR101088136B1 (ko) 2009-08-11 2011-12-02 한국에너지기술연구원 리니어 엔진의 병렬구조식 리니어 제너레이터
WO2011026774A1 (fr) * 2009-09-03 2011-03-10 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Machine à piston avec montage du piston sur palier magnétique
CN102482994A (zh) * 2009-09-03 2012-05-30 西门子公司 具有支承活塞的磁力支承的活塞机
US8978595B2 (en) 2009-09-03 2015-03-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Piston engine having magnetic piston bearing
KR101097877B1 (ko) 2009-12-23 2011-12-23 한국에너지기술연구원 리니어 엔진의 배열 및 기화열을 이용한 열전발전 시스템
WO2012010208A1 (fr) 2010-07-22 2012-01-26 Lachezar Lazarov Petkanchin Générateur d'électricité et groupe moteur équipé de celui-ci
WO2012080464A1 (fr) * 2010-12-16 2012-06-21 Herbert Klement Système d'entraînement
WO2013032083A1 (fr) * 2011-08-30 2013-03-07 한국에너지기술연구원 Générateur de moteur linéaire intégré à structure parallèle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2002215070A1 (en) 2002-05-27
FI108567B (fi) 2002-02-15
FI20002535A0 (fi) 2000-11-20

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