WO2012080464A1 - Système d'entraînement - Google Patents

Système d'entraînement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012080464A1
WO2012080464A1 PCT/EP2011/073044 EP2011073044W WO2012080464A1 WO 2012080464 A1 WO2012080464 A1 WO 2012080464A1 EP 2011073044 W EP2011073044 W EP 2011073044W WO 2012080464 A1 WO2012080464 A1 WO 2012080464A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston
drive system
internal combustion
swash plate
stroke internal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/073044
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Herbert Klement
Original Assignee
Herbert Klement
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herbert Klement filed Critical Herbert Klement
Publication of WO2012080464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012080464A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F01B3/0002—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
    • F01B3/0005—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B3/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
    • F01B3/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis with wobble-plate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B7/00—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F01B7/16—Machines or engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with pistons synchronously moving in tandem arrangement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/26—Engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main-shaft axis; Engines with cylinder axes arranged substantially tangentially to a circle centred on main-shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/28—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders
    • F02B75/287—Engines with two or more pistons reciprocating within same cylinder or within essentially coaxial cylinders with several pistons positioned in one cylinder one behind the other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a drive system with a two-stroke internal combustion engine with a linearly guided piston.
  • a two-stroke free-piston engine in its simplest construction only comprises one moving element, namely a piston. Since this performs only a linear movement, energy losses due to friction and forces that do not act parallel to the piston axis are minimized.
  • the term piston axis designates here and in the following text always the piston longitudinal axis.
  • the small number of moving or moving elements also helps to minimize energy losses and thus increase efficiency. Due to the low number of wearing parts, the life of this maintenance-friendly type of motor increases. The possibility proves to be particularly advantageous to construct a very compact, cost-effective drive system.
  • Such a two-stroke free-piston engine is also known as Stelzer engine and described in DE 3029287.
  • a disadvantage of drive systems based on a two-stroke process with a linear piston guide are the vibrations of the drive system resulting from the piston movements. The momentum of the piston is transferred to the drive system and causes it to vibrate. Such vibrations can lead to strong vibrations and thus to an increased material load and increased noise emission.
  • this task is solved in that for the drive system in addition to a first two-stroke internal combustion engine with a linearly guided piston at least one further two-stroke internal combustion engine is provided with a linearly guided piston, the piston guides of the internal combustion engine parallel to each other are arranged.
  • the working cycles of the individual internal combustion engines are phase-shifted relative to one another such that the vibrations of the drive system resulting from the piston movements are minimized.
  • the two pistons should be in anti-phase, i. 180 ° out of phase, be moved.
  • the individual pulses of the pistons in their entirety add up to a negligible total impulse.
  • the piston movement can be approximately described by a sinusoidal oscillation.
  • the sinusoidal oscillations of the pistons must each be shifted relative to each other by an integer multiple of the phase. More specifically, the individual pistons may be numbered in any order, with the Nth piston being one phase out of phase with the first piston. Such a relative phase shift between the oscillations causes the oscillations to cancel each other out when they are superimposed. As a result of the phase shift just described, the oscillations of the drive system are minimized, resulting in quiet and low-wear running of the drive system.
  • the pistons of the two-stroke internal combustion engines drive a swash plate, which in turn is connected to a drive shaft.
  • the swash plate axis is tilted relative to the drive shaft axis, so that the swash plate, when in a direction parallel to the drive shaft axis, a force is exerted on the swash plate, this evades the force by a rotational movement and thereby causes a rotational movement of the drive shaft.
  • drive shaft axis here and in the text always refers to the drive shaft longitudinal axis.
  • the swash plate Due to the tilted arrangement of the swash plate is always a portion of the swash plate of a two-stroke internal combustion engine disposed closer than another portion of the swash plate. Now, if a force is exerted by the piston on the region of the swash plate, which is arranged closer to the two-stroke internal combustion engine, the swash plate and thus the drive shaft rotates until the piston engages a portion of the swash plate, which further from the two-stroke internal combustion engine is removed. In such a swash plate embodiment, it is possible to convert the linear movement of the coupled pistons into only a small amount of rotational movement, which can be used, for example, to drive the wheels of a car.
  • the piston should be movably coupled to the swashplate so that the swashplate and piston can rotate relative to each other.
  • the pistons can exert tensile or compressive forces on the swash plate.
  • the pistons are coupled to the swash plate so that they can alternately exert tensile and compressive forces on the swash plate.
  • These tensile and compressive forces cause the swash plate and with it the drive shaft are set in rotation.
  • the cause of this rotational movement lies in the fact that the forces exerted by the pistons on the swashplate can be decomposed into a first force component perpendicular to the swashplate and a second force component located in the swashplate plane. It is this second force component that causes the swashplate to rotate.
  • the pistons are coupled via a coupling disk to the swash plate, wherein the coupling disk and the swash plate can perform relative to each other a rotational movement about the drive shaft axis. Therefore, while the swash plate rotates with the drive shaft, the coupling disc will not rotate.
  • the coupling disc can surround the swash plate such that it is movably mounted both on the front and on the rear side of the swash plate. The linear movement of the piston leads to a tilting of the coupling disc relative to Drive shaft axis. This tilting of the coupling disc in turn leads via the two-sided, movable support to the swash plate to a rotational movement thereof.
  • the coupling disc has substantially part-spherical recesses, in which engage the convex ends of the piston. Such a connection between the ends of the piston on the one hand and the coupling disc on the other hand ensures effective power transmission between the piston and the coupling disc.
  • This type of coupling is particularly advantageous when the piston ends are held by the coupling discs substantially positive fit in the part-spherical recesses, so that the piston in a movement away from the coupling disc take the same, so that by the piston, a tensile force on the coupling disc can be applied.
  • the drive system has at least three pistons and thus also at least three two-stroke internal combustion engines, which are optionally coupled via a coupling disc to the swash plate.
  • the drive system has at least three pistons and thus also at least three two-stroke internal combustion engines, which are optionally coupled via a coupling disc to the swash plate.
  • dead center this is to be understood as meaning a position of the piston end coupled to the coupling disk, in which the force component responsible for the rotation of the swashplate, the force exerted by the piston on the swashplate, is directed in the swashplate plane parallel to the radius of the swashplate.
  • the number of coupled to the swash plate piston is at least three.
  • an electric starter or a similar device may be provided to move the drive shaft during the starting process in motion.
  • a dead center position of the piston is avoided in the course of the starting process.
  • an even number of as many as possible of the tumble is provided disc coupled piston.
  • the vibrations of the drive can be minimized with little technical and thus financial expense by the working cycles of two internal combustion engines are phase-shifted by 180 ° to each other.
  • each of the pulses of the pistons of two internal combustion engines cancel each other.
  • a symmetrical arrangement of the two-stroke internal combustion engine about the drive shaft axis leads to the fact that all piston axes can have the same distance to the drive shaft axis.
  • the points of attack of the piston ends are distributed symmetrically to the swash plate and the coupling plate.
  • Such an arrangement of the two-stroke internal combustion engine has the advantage that the force acting on the swash plate is distributed symmetrically and thus evenly. This ensures on the one hand a possible constant torque, on the other hand is guaranteed by the fact that due to the uniform force, the load of the swash plate is as uniform as possible.
  • Such a uniform loading of the swash plate results in permanent, section-wise overloading of the swash plate being avoided, thus increasing its service life.
  • a drive system comprising a plurality of two-stroke internal combustion engines coupled to a swash plate has the characteristic that the torque applied by the drive system is proportional to the number of two-stroke internal combustion engines included in the drive system.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a drive system with two two-stroke internal combustion engines, which are movably coupled to a swash plate via a coupling disk,
  • FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of the coupling of the two pistons to the swash plate of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a drive system 1 comprising two two-stroke internal combustion engines 2 coupled to a swash plate 4.
  • the swash plate 4 is in turn fixedly coupled to a drive shaft 5.
  • the illustration is a cross-sectional view of a section along the two piston axes through the piston centers.
  • the illustrated two-stroke internal combustion engines 2 each comprise a linearly guided multistage piston 3, which has in the middle a disc 9 which moves linearly in a pre-compression chamber 10 with the piston 3.
  • the two-stroke internal combustion engines 2 each have two combustion chambers 11. These combustion chambers 11 are connected by overflow openings 12 with the precompression chamber 10.
  • the precompression chamber 10 has an inlet opening 13. Furthermore, there are at the combustion chambers 11 outlet openings 14, which can be opened and closed via controllable valves 15.
  • the ends of the piston 3 sit in recesses 8 of a coupling disc 6.
  • This clutch disc 6 surrounds a swash plate 4.
  • the coupling disc 6 is movably mounted on the front and back of the swash plate 4. The movable mounting of the coupling disk 6 to the swash plate 4, for example via ball bearings 16.
  • the swash plate 4 is in turn fixedly coupled to a drive shaft 5.
  • the piston axes have the distance R to the drive shaft axis.
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail view from the cross-sectional view of FIG. This second view represents in detail the coupling of the pistons 3 to the swash plate 4.
  • the ends 7 of the pistons 3, which are seated in depressions 8 in the coupling disk 6, can be seen. Also shown is the coupling disc 6 which surrounds the edge of the swash plate 4 such that it is mounted in the region of the edge of the swash plate 4 on the front and rear side thereof movable on the same. In this case, the movable bearing takes place on both sides via ball bearings 16.
  • the swash plate 4 is in turn firmly connected to the drive shaft 5. By this fixed connection, the rotation of the swash plate 4 is transmitted to the drive shaft 5.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'entraînement (1) comportant, outre un premier moteur à combustion interne à deux temps (2) doté d'un piston (3) guidé linéairement, un autre moteur à combustion interne à deux temps (2) doté d'un piston (3) guidé linéairement. Les guidages du piston du moteur à combustion interne en deux temps (2) sont tous disposés parallèlement les uns aux autres. Les cycles de travail des moteurs à combustion interne en deux temps (2) individuels sont déphasés les uns par rapport aux autres, de sorte que les vibrations du système d'entraînement (1) résultant des déplacements du piston sont réduites au minimum. Les pistons (3) sont accouplés de manière mobile sur un plateau cyclique (4) assemblé pour sa part de manière solide à un arbre de commande (5). Cet accouplement des pistons (3) guidés linéairement à un plateau cyclique (4) permet de convertir le mouvement de translation des pistons (3) en un mouvement de rotation du plateau cyclique (4) et de l'arbre de commande (5) assemblé de manière solide à ce dernier.
PCT/EP2011/073044 2010-12-16 2011-12-16 Système d'entraînement WO2012080464A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010063289.9 2010-12-16
DE201010063289 DE102010063289A1 (de) 2010-12-16 2010-12-16 Antriebssystem

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012080464A1 true WO2012080464A1 (fr) 2012-06-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/073044 WO2012080464A1 (fr) 2010-12-16 2011-12-16 Système d'entraînement

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DE (1) DE102010063289A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012080464A1 (fr)

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1948526A (en) * 1932-10-17 1934-02-27 Lilesmotor Corp Parallel steam engine
DE2618556A1 (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-10 Wilhelm Schmid Hubscheibenbrennkraftmaschine
GB2019487A (en) * 1978-04-25 1979-10-31 Renegar C G Internal Combustion Engine with Opposed Guided Pistons and Cam Drives
DE3029287A1 (de) 1980-08-01 1982-03-04 Frank Stelzer Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
US4834033A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-05-30 Larsen Melvin J Apparatus and method for a balanced internal combustion engine coupled to a drive shaft
WO1994017295A1 (fr) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-04 Sampower Oy Procede d'amortissement des vibrations d'un moteur a pistons libres et moteur a pistons libres a vibrations amorties
US5551383A (en) * 1995-07-20 1996-09-03 Novotny; Rudolph J. Internal combustion engine utilizing pistons
WO2002040843A1 (fr) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-23 Jaakko Larjola Moteur a deux temps
GB2453131A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 William Fairney Internal combustion opposed-piston barrel engine
WO2011006797A1 (fr) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-20 Ve Vienna Engineering Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh Moteur à pistons libres à compensation des vibrations

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1948526A (en) * 1932-10-17 1934-02-27 Lilesmotor Corp Parallel steam engine
DE2618556A1 (de) * 1976-04-28 1977-11-10 Wilhelm Schmid Hubscheibenbrennkraftmaschine
GB2019487A (en) * 1978-04-25 1979-10-31 Renegar C G Internal Combustion Engine with Opposed Guided Pistons and Cam Drives
DE3029287A1 (de) 1980-08-01 1982-03-04 Frank Stelzer Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine
US4834033A (en) * 1986-10-31 1989-05-30 Larsen Melvin J Apparatus and method for a balanced internal combustion engine coupled to a drive shaft
WO1994017295A1 (fr) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-04 Sampower Oy Procede d'amortissement des vibrations d'un moteur a pistons libres et moteur a pistons libres a vibrations amorties
US5551383A (en) * 1995-07-20 1996-09-03 Novotny; Rudolph J. Internal combustion engine utilizing pistons
WO2002040843A1 (fr) * 2000-11-20 2002-05-23 Jaakko Larjola Moteur a deux temps
GB2453131A (en) * 2007-09-26 2009-04-01 William Fairney Internal combustion opposed-piston barrel engine
WO2011006797A1 (fr) * 2009-07-13 2011-01-20 Ve Vienna Engineering Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh Moteur à pistons libres à compensation des vibrations

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Publication number Publication date
DE102010063289A1 (de) 2012-06-21

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