WO2002035637A1 - Rechargeable battery - Google Patents

Rechargeable battery Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002035637A1
WO2002035637A1 PCT/GB2001/004765 GB0104765W WO0235637A1 WO 2002035637 A1 WO2002035637 A1 WO 2002035637A1 GB 0104765 W GB0104765 W GB 0104765W WO 0235637 A1 WO0235637 A1 WO 0235637A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
electrodes
conductors
pair
energy storage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2001/004765
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Yury Leonidovich Spirin
Vladimir Stepanovich Dubinin
Original Assignee
Intellikraft Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB0026393A external-priority patent/GB2368465B/en
Priority claimed from GB0026392A external-priority patent/GB0026392D0/en
Application filed by Intellikraft Limited filed Critical Intellikraft Limited
Priority to JP2002538511A priority Critical patent/JP2004512696A/en
Priority to CA002426379A priority patent/CA2426379A1/en
Priority to KR10-2003-7005711A priority patent/KR20030051743A/en
Priority to EP01978626A priority patent/EP1336217A1/en
Priority to AU2002210723A priority patent/AU2002210723A1/en
Priority to TW091101235A priority patent/TW548864B/en
Publication of WO2002035637A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002035637A1/en
Priority to US10/424,663 priority patent/US6943526B2/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M14/00—Electrochemical current or voltage generators not provided for in groups H01M6/00 - H01M12/00; Manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00—Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002—Details
    • H01G4/018—Dielectrics
    • H01G4/06—Solid dielectrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
    • H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rechargeable battery, and in particular to a rechargeable battery incorporating a solid state material having longitudinally- extending holes into which longitudinally extending conductors are formed or placed.
  • An accumulator comprising a capacitor having a pair of electrode plates, one on either side of a solid electrolyte is known from RU 2070756.
  • the battery is charged by way of current flow through the electrolyte,
  • An accumulator comprising a capacitor having a pair of electrode plates immersed in a liquid electrolyte is known From RU 2132585.
  • the battery is charged by way of current flow through the electrolyte.
  • a rechargeable battery comprising a piezoceramic component having a pair of attached electrodes is known from RU 2087066.
  • the battery is charged by heating the piezoceramic component.
  • a rechargeable battery including an energy storage member in the form of a solid state dielectric or semiconductor material having formed therein a plurality of holes with elongate conductors located within the holes and contacting the energy storage member at least at one point along their lengths, a first pair of electrodes adapted to apply a DC voltage therebetween and formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a first spatial orientation and a second pair of electrodes formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a second spatial orientation different from the first,
  • the application of a DC voltage across the first pair of electrodes forms an electric field across the solid state material which induces electrostatic charges in the elongate conductors, thereby generating a voltage across the second pair of electrodes.
  • the elongate conductors have substantially the same or similar spatial orientation to each other.
  • enough of the conductors extend in substantially the same or similar direction so as to give the solid state material isotropic properties; that is to say, more conductors extend substantially in one given, predominant direction than in any other.
  • the conductors and electrodes are preferably configured such that an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes extends substantially perpendicular to the predominant conductor direction and such that an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes extends substantially parallel to the predominant conductor direction.
  • the energy storage is made from solid-state dielectric or semiconductor material containing holes with elongate conductors located within the holes.
  • the elongate conductors are formed so that they are attached to the solid state body at least at one point along their length. At least some of these conductors have substantially the same or similar spatial orientation to each other.
  • a first pair of electrodes is located on generally opposed sides of energy storage in a first spatial orientation and is adapted to apply DC voltage there between.
  • a second pair of electrodes, being the output electrodes, is formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage in a second spatial orientation different from the first one.
  • the conductors and electrodes are preferably configured such that an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes extends substantially perpendicular to the predominant conductor direction and such that an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes extends substantially parallel to the predominant conductor direction.
  • the elongate conductors are formed so that they contact the solid state material at least at some point along their lengths.
  • the first pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the solid state material.
  • the second pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the solid state material.
  • the electrodes may be electro formed, electrodeposited or sputtered onto the solid state material. Alternatively, the electrodes may be formed separately and clamped, adhered or otherwise located on the solid state material.
  • the electrodes may be formed from metals such as gold, silver, platinum or copper or combinations thereof. Other metals may be used where appropriate.
  • the solid state material is a dielectric or semiconductor material, for example as described in the present applicant's copending International patent application WO 00/40506, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated into the present application by reference.
  • the solid state material may be a dielectric ceramic material such as a solid state ciystalline ceramic material, including piezoceramic materials and solid composite mixtures of different ceramic materials.
  • the solid state material may also be a semiconductor, such as silicon or gallium arsenide, among others.
  • the solid state material may be a composite mixture of dielectric and semiconductor materials,
  • the solid state material may be manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing processes described in WO 00/40506; that is to say, the holes may be formed by an electrical erosion process and the conductors may be formed by local ion precipitation within the holes.
  • the holes may be in the form of pores, and preferably have a diameter of up to 200nm, more preferably from lOnm to 200nm.
  • the conductors may be formed from metals such as gold, silver, platinum or copper or combinations thereof. Other metals may be used where appropriate.
  • the conductors are preferably in the form of elongate filaments or fibres, and one or more filaments or fibres may be located within a given elongate hole.
  • the conductors preferably have a diameter of up to 200nm, more preferably from l Onm to 200nm.
  • the holes and the conductors advantageously have a longitudinal length of l OOnm to l OOOnm, although lengths outside this range may be appropriate in particular circumstances.
  • the rechargeable cell of the present invention does not include any chemically active components, and is thus environmentally friendly. Furthermore, because there is little or no mechanical or thermal degradation during recharging, the cell of the present invention has an improved operational life as compared to existing accumulators. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a 20% improvement in operational life over existing rechargeable batteries.
  • FIGURE 1 shows a solid state material provided with two pairs of electrodes.
  • Figure 1 shows a solid state ceramic block 1 having a plurality of elongate pores in which are formed a plurality of elongate conductive filaments 2 made out of silver, The pores and the filaments 2 have a predominant longitudinal direction indicated by arrow 'A'.
  • a first pair of silver electrodes 3 is electro formed, one on either side of the solid state material 1 , such that an imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 3 is substantially perpendicular to the predominant direction 'A'.
  • a second pair of silver electrodes 4 is electro formed, one on either side of the solid state material 1, such that an imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 4 is substantially parallel to the predominant direction 'A'.
  • a DC voltage applied across the electrodes 3 causes an electric field to be generated across the solid state material 1.
  • the electric field induces electrostatic charges in the filaments 2, the charges then being caused to move along the filaments 2 under the influence of the electric field so as to generate a DC voltage across the electrodes 4, this voltage then being available to cause an electric current to pass through a load (not shown) connected across the electrodes 4.
  • Example 1 Piezoceramic material with metal filaments laid in pores.
  • Nanopores are formed on one of the endfaces of a piezoceramic blank produced by standard technology (a pressed piezoceramic charge with a binder is fired at a temperature of 1450°C and gradually cooled) by an electrical erosion method using a first probe of point diameter 20nm, made of antimony sulfoiodide (SSbl), by supplying pulses of negative polarity (pitch of treatment - 600nm, modifying voltage 4V; treatment time for each pore - 400nsec).
  • SSbl antimony sulfoiodide
  • a second probe made of silver (point diameter l Onm) is then used, with pulses of positive polarity supplied, to form silver nanofilaments in the formed nanopores by a method of local ion precipitation (pitch of treatment - 600nm; modifying voltage 2V; treatment time for each pore ⁇ OOnsec).
  • the positioning of the first and second probes is carried out with the aid of a scanning tunnel microscope. The concentration of pores averaged 3 pores per ⁇ nr.
  • a piezoceramic plate treated by the above method was subjected to study for strength (breaking strain). This was 3100N/mm 2 . whereas the strength of an analogous plate which had not been subjected to this treatment was 2200N/mm 2 .
  • the electromechanical coupling coefficient which is inversely proportional to the value of the acoustic losses in the material, increased from 0.71 to 0.85,

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Ceramic Capacitors (AREA)
  • Fixed Capacitors And Capacitor Manufacturing Machines (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

There is disclosed a rechargeable battery comprising a solid state material (1) having formed therein a plurality of elongate holes with elongate conductors (2) located within the holes, a first pair of electrodes (3) formed or located on generally opposed sides of the solid state material (1) in a first spatial orientation and a second pair of electrodes (4) formed or located on generally opposed sides of the solid state material (1) in a second spatial orientation different from the first, such that when a DC voltage is applied across the first pair of electrodes (3), an electric field is formed and induces electrostatic charges in the elongate conductors (2), thereby generating a voltage across the second pair of electrodes (4).

Description

RECHARGEABLE BATTERY
The present invention relates to a rechargeable battery, and in particular to a rechargeable battery incorporating a solid state material having longitudinally- extending holes into which longitudinally extending conductors are formed or placed.
The present application is Gross-referenced with a simultaneously-filed UK application entitled "Rechargeable Battery" and having the agents' reference CTV/P45202.1 (please insert application/publication number), the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated into the present application by reference.
Various rechargeable batteries are known in the art. These in ude chemical accumulators based, for example, on nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride systems. These batteries have a limited operational life due to irreversible chemical changes that gradually take place within the battery upon charging and discharging, and they are environmentally unfriendly in that they contain toxic chemicals.
An accumulator comprising a capacitor having a pair of electrode plates, one on either side of a solid electrolyte is known from RU 2070756. The battery is charged by way of current flow through the electrolyte,
An accumulator comprising a capacitor having a pair of electrode plates immersed in a liquid electrolyte is known From RU 2132585. The battery is charged by way of current flow through the electrolyte.
A rechargeable battery comprising a piezoceramic component having a pair of attached electrodes is known from RU 2087066. The battery is charged by heating the piezoceramic component.
There is also known, from RU 2074475, an accumulator comprising a capacitor bank which is charged by way of a dynamo. All of these devices have an inadequate operational life and tend to be environmentally unfriendly.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable battery including an energy storage member in the form of a solid state dielectric or semiconductor material having formed therein a plurality of holes with elongate conductors located within the holes and contacting the energy storage member at least at one point along their lengths, a first pair of electrodes adapted to apply a DC voltage therebetween and formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a first spatial orientation and a second pair of electrodes formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a second spatial orientation different from the first,
In operation, the application of a DC voltage across the first pair of electrodes forms an electric field across the solid state material which induces electrostatic charges in the elongate conductors, thereby generating a voltage across the second pair of electrodes.
Advantageously, at least some of the elongate conductors have substantially the same or similar spatial orientation to each other. In a particularly preferred embodiment, enough of the conductors extend in substantially the same or similar direction so as to give the solid state material isotropic properties; that is to say, more conductors extend substantially in one given, predominant direction than in any other. The conductors and electrodes are preferably configured such that an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes extends substantially perpendicular to the predominant conductor direction and such that an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes extends substantially parallel to the predominant conductor direction. According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable battery comprising an energy storage positioned between two pairs of electrodes. The energy storage is made from solid-state dielectric or semiconductor material containing holes with elongate conductors located within the holes. The elongate conductors are formed so that they are attached to the solid state body at least at one point along their length. At least some of these conductors have substantially the same or similar spatial orientation to each other. A first pair of electrodes is located on generally opposed sides of energy storage in a first spatial orientation and is adapted to apply DC voltage there between. A second pair of electrodes, being the output electrodes, is formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage in a second spatial orientation different from the first one.
The conductors and electrodes are preferably configured such that an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes extends substantially perpendicular to the predominant conductor direction and such that an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes extends substantially parallel to the predominant conductor direction.
The elongate conductors are formed so that they contact the solid state material at least at some point along their lengths.
Preferably, the first pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the solid state material.
Preferably, the second pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the solid state material.
The electrodes may be electro formed, electrodeposited or sputtered onto the solid state material. Alternatively, the electrodes may be formed separately and clamped, adhered or otherwise located on the solid state material. The electrodes may be formed from metals such as gold, silver, platinum or copper or combinations thereof. Other metals may be used where appropriate.
The solid state material is a dielectric or semiconductor material, for example as described in the present applicant's copending International patent application WO 00/40506, the full disclosure of which is hereby incorporated into the present application by reference.
The solid state material may be a dielectric ceramic material such as a solid state ciystalline ceramic material, including piezoceramic materials and solid composite mixtures of different ceramic materials. The solid state material may also be a semiconductor, such as silicon or gallium arsenide, among others. The solid state material may be a composite mixture of dielectric and semiconductor materials,
The solid state material may be manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing processes described in WO 00/40506; that is to say, the holes may be formed by an electrical erosion process and the conductors may be formed by local ion precipitation within the holes.
The holes may be in the form of pores, and preferably have a diameter of up to 200nm, more preferably from lOnm to 200nm.
The conductors may be formed from metals such as gold, silver, platinum or copper or combinations thereof. Other metals may be used where appropriate. The conductors are preferably in the form of elongate filaments or fibres, and one or more filaments or fibres may be located within a given elongate hole.
The conductors preferably have a diameter of up to 200nm, more preferably from l Onm to 200nm. The holes and the conductors advantageously have a longitudinal length of l OOnm to l OOOnm, although lengths outside this range may be appropriate in particular circumstances.
When a DC voltage is applied across first pair of electrodes, a DC electric field is generated across the solid state material, This electric field causes electrostatic Gharges to be induced in the elongate conductors, and these charges will then move under the influence of the electric field so as to induce a potential difference across the second pair of electrodes. By applying a potential difference across the first pair of electrodes and connecting a load or other circuitry across the second pair, current can be caused to flow through the load or other circuitry.
The rechargeable cell of the present invention does not include any chemically active components, and is thus environmentally friendly. Furthermore, because there is little or no mechanical or thermal degradation during recharging, the cell of the present invention has an improved operational life as compared to existing accumulators. In some embodiments, the present invention provides a 20% improvement in operational life over existing rechargeable batteries.
For a better understanding of the present invention and to show how it may be carried into effect, reference shall now be made by way of example to the accompanying drawing, in which;
FIGURE 1 shows a solid state material provided with two pairs of electrodes.
Figure 1 shows a solid state ceramic block 1 having a plurality of elongate pores in which are formed a plurality of elongate conductive filaments 2 made out of silver, The pores and the filaments 2 have a predominant longitudinal direction indicated by arrow 'A'. A first pair of silver electrodes 3 is electro formed, one on either side of the solid state material 1 , such that an imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 3 is substantially perpendicular to the predominant direction 'A'. A second pair of silver electrodes 4 is electro formed, one on either side of the solid state material 1, such that an imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 4 is substantially parallel to the predominant direction 'A'. A DC voltage applied across the electrodes 3 causes an electric field to be generated across the solid state material 1. The electric field induces electrostatic charges in the filaments 2, the charges then being caused to move along the filaments 2 under the influence of the electric field so as to generate a DC voltage across the electrodes 4, this voltage then being available to cause an electric current to pass through a load (not shown) connected across the electrodes 4.
Example 1. Piezoceramic material with metal filaments laid in pores.
Nanopores are formed on one of the endfaces of a piezoceramic blank produced by standard technology (a pressed piezoceramic charge with a binder is fired at a temperature of 1450°C and gradually cooled) by an electrical erosion method using a first probe of point diameter 20nm, made of antimony sulfoiodide (SSbl), by supplying pulses of negative polarity (pitch of treatment - 600nm, modifying voltage 4V; treatment time for each pore - 400nsec). A second probe, made of silver (point diameter l Onm) is then used, with pulses of positive polarity supplied, to form silver nanofilaments in the formed nanopores by a method of local ion precipitation (pitch of treatment - 600nm; modifying voltage 2V; treatment time for each pore δOOnsec). The positioning of the first and second probes is carried out with the aid of a scanning tunnel microscope. The concentration of pores averaged 3 pores per μnr.
A piezoceramic plate treated by the above method was subjected to study for strength (breaking strain). This was 3100N/mm2. whereas the strength of an analogous plate which had not been subjected to this treatment was 2200N/mm2.
The electromechanical coupling coefficient, which is inversely proportional to the value of the acoustic losses in the material, increased from 0.71 to 0.85,

Claims

CLAIMS:
1. A rechargeable battery including an energy storage member in the form of a solid state dielectric or semiconductor material having formed therein a plurality of holes with elongate conductors located within the holes and contacting the energy storage member at least at one point along their lengths, a first pair of electrodes adapted to apply a DC voltage therebetween and formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a first spatial orientation and a second pair of electrodes formed or located on generally opposed sides of the energy storage member in a second spatial orientation different from the first.
2. A battery as claimed in claim 1, wherein at least some of the holes and conductors extend in substantially one diredion.
3. A battery as claimed in claim 2, wherein more of the holes and conductors extend substantially in a given direction than in any other direction.
4. A battery as claimed in claim 3, wherein an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes extends substantially perpendicular to the given direction.
5. A battery as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes extends substantially parallel to the given direction.
6. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the first pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the energy storage member.
7. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the second pair of electrodes is formed or located tightly against the energy storage member,
8. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the holes are formed as pores.
9. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the energy storage member is formed from a dielectric material.
10. A battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the energy storage member is formed from a semiconductor material.
1 1. A battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the energy storage member is formed from a composite of a semiconductor material and a dielectric material.
12. A batteiy as claimed in claim 9 or 11, wherein the dielectric material is a ceramic material.
13. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein at least part of the conductors is formed from silver.
14. A battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least part of the conductors is formed from gold.
15. A battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least part of the conductors is formed from platinum.
16. A battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein at least part of the conductors is formed from copper.
17. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the holes have a diameter of 1 Onm to 200nm.
18. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the conductors have a diameter of 1 Onm to 200nm.
19. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the holes have a length of l Onm to l OOOnm.
20. A battery as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the conductors have a length of 1 Onm to l OOOnm.
PCT/GB2001/004765 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery WO2002035637A1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2002538511A JP2004512696A (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery
CA002426379A CA2426379A1 (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery
KR10-2003-7005711A KR20030051743A (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery
EP01978626A EP1336217A1 (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery
AU2002210723A AU2002210723A1 (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery
TW091101235A TW548864B (en) 2000-10-28 2002-01-25 Rechargeable battery
US10/424,663 US6943526B2 (en) 2000-10-28 2003-04-26 Rechargeable battery

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0026393A GB2368465B (en) 2000-10-28 2000-10-28 Rechargeable battery
GB0026392A GB0026392D0 (en) 2000-10-28 2000-10-28 Rechargeable battery
GB0026392.1 2000-10-28
GB0026393.9 2000-10-28

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US10/424,663 Continuation US6943526B2 (en) 2000-10-28 2003-04-26 Rechargeable battery

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2002035637A1 true WO2002035637A1 (en) 2002-05-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2001/004765 WO2002035637A1 (en) 2000-10-28 2001-10-29 Rechargeable battery

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EP (1) EP1336217A1 (en)
JP (1) JP2004512696A (en)
KR (1) KR20030051743A (en)
CN (1) CN1502142A (en)
AU (1) AU2002210723A1 (en)
CA (1) CA2426379A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2002035637A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110128727A1 (en) * 2008-07-23 2011-06-02 Nxp B.V. Integrated seebeck device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4849806A (en) * 1984-07-17 1989-07-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag Shunting element
GB2271666A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-20 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Integrated power supply capacitor for radio telephone
WO2000040506A1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-13 Intellikraft Limited Solid-state material

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4849806A (en) * 1984-07-17 1989-07-18 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag Shunting element
GB2271666A (en) * 1992-10-13 1994-04-20 Nokia Mobile Phones Ltd Integrated power supply capacitor for radio telephone
WO2000040506A1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2000-07-13 Intellikraft Limited Solid-state material
EP1156011A1 (en) * 1998-12-30 2001-11-21 Intellikraft Limited Solid-state material

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2004512696A (en) 2004-04-22
EP1336217A1 (en) 2003-08-20
AU2002210723A1 (en) 2002-05-06
CA2426379A1 (en) 2002-05-02
CN1502142A (en) 2004-06-02
KR20030051743A (en) 2003-06-25

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