548864 五、 發明說明（1 ) 發 明 之 領域 本 發 明是關於一種可 充電電池，並 且特別是 關 於 —* 種 可 充 電 電池包含有具縱 向延伸孔之固 態材料， 該 孔 中 形 成 有 或 安置有縱向延伸導體。 本 串 請案與同時期領 域之英國專利 申請案「 可 充 電 電 池 J 5 其代理人編號爲 CTV/P45202 · 1 爲互相參 考 並 且 其 整 個 說明書在此加入做爲參考。 先前 之技術說明 習 知 技術中有很多種 可充電電池， 這些包括 根 據 鎳 鎘 或 鎳 氫 系統之化學儲蓄 器。這些電池 由於在電 池 之 充 電 放 電 時在電池內部產 生不可逆化學 變化而具 有 有 限 的 操 作 壽 命。並且因爲包 含有毒性化學 品之故， 對 環 境 有 不 利 影 響。 RU20707 56中揭示有- -種包含有電溶 =器之電池 其 具 有 —· 對 電 極板，一個在固 態電解液之任 何一側。 此 電 池 是 由 通 過 電解液之電流所充電。 RU21 3 2585中揭示有- -種包括有電溶 〔器之電池 其 具 有 *—" 對 電 極板浸在液態電 解液中。此電 池是由通 過 電 解 液 之 電 流 所充電。 RU2087066中揭示有- -種包含有具一 •對固定電 極 之 壓 電 元 件 的 可充電電池。此 電池可由加熱 壓電元件 而 進 行 充 電 〇 RU207447 5中揭示有- -種包含有電容器槽之電 -3- 池 ， 其 可 548864 五、 發明說明 ( 2； ) 由 發 電 機 進 行 充 電 Ο 所 有 這 tb 裝 置 有 不 足 夠 之 操 作 壽 口 P > 並 且 對 環 境 有 不 利 影 響 〇 發 明 之 扼 置 說 明 依 照 本 發 明 之 第 — 方 面 ， 提 供 有 一 種 可 充 電 電 池 其 包 括 有 能 里 儲 存 室 5 其 爲 固 態 介 電 或 半 導 體 材料 其 內 部 形 成 有 多 數 個 孔 5 內 側 用 來 容 納 —^ 個 板 件 之 緣 部 5 並 且 用 來 對 形 成 在 板 件 之 緣 部 上 的 及 被 裝 在 孔 中 之 狹 長 導 體 並 且 其 與 能 里 儲 存 室 沿 著 其 長 度 在 至 少 一 點 上 接 觸 > 第 一 對 電 極 的 電 極 之 間 被 施 加 直 流 電 壓 並 且 形 成 於 或 位 於 第 — 空 間 方 向 中 之 能 量 儲 存 室 之 對 向 側 以 及 第 二 對 電 極 形 成 於 或 位 於 與 第 一 空 間 方 向 不 同 之 第 二 空 間 方 向 中 之 能 量 儲 存： 室； 之對向側 0 在 操 作 中 5 通 過 第 -- 對 電 極 之 直 流 電 壓 之 施 加 形 成 —· 個 通 過 固 態 材 料 之 電 場 > 此 電 場 在 狹 長 導 體 中 感 應 靜 電 因 而 產 生 個: 通過第二對電極之間的電壓 ί 0 最 好 > 至 少 一 ith 狹 長 導 體 實 質 上 彼 此 具 有 相 同 的 空 間 定 向 Ο 在 —* 個 較 佳 實 施 例 中 足 夠 的 導 體 實 質 上 沿 著 — 個 相 同 的 方 向 延 伸 y 以 使 固 態 材 料 具 有 等 向 特 性 Ο 亦 即 ， 沿 著 一 個 已 知 之 主 要 方 向 延 伸 之 孔 及 導 體 實 質 上 比 另 一 方 向 延 伸 者 較 多 〇 導 體 及 電 極 最 好 被 構 成 爲 使 其 第 一 對 電 極 之 間 所 畫 的 -- 條 假 想 線 實 質 上 垂 直 於 該 已 知 之 主 要 方 向 0 - 4- 548864 五、發明說明（3 ) 依照本發明之第二方面，提供有一種可充電電池，其 包括有在位於兩對電極之間的能量儲存室。此能量儲存 室是由含有孔及被裝在孔中之狹長導體的固態介電或半 導體材料所製成。狹長導體被形成爲可沿著其長度在至 少一點上固定到固態體。至少一些狹長導體實質上彼此 具有相同的空間定向。第一對電極之間被施加直流電壓 並且形成於或位於第一空間方向中之能量儲存室之對向 側。第二對電極爲輸出電極，形成於或位於與第一空間 方向不同之第二空間方向中之能量儲存室之對向側。 導體及電極最好被構成爲，使其第一對電極之間所畫 的一條假想線實質上垂直於該已知之主要方向，並且在 第二對電極之間所畫的一條假想線實質上平行於該已知 方向〇 Λ 狹長導體被形成爲可沿著其長度在至少一點上固定到 固態材料。 最好，第一對電極形成於或位於緊密地抵住能量儲存 室。 最好，第二對電極形成於或位於緊密地抵住能量儲存 室。 電極可爲電鑄，電沉積，或濺鍍到固態材料上。或者 ，電極可分別地形成，並且夾緊、黏著或者以其他方法 被設置在固態材料上。 電極可爲從金、銀、白金或銅或其結合物所形成。其 548864 五、發明說明（4) ί也金屬可被使用在適當之處。 固態材料可爲一種如敘述於本申請人之同時提出之國 際專利申請案WO00 / 40506號中之介電材料或半導體材料 ’此文件在此加入本申請中做爲參考。 固態材料可爲一種如固態結晶狀陶瓷材料之介電陶瓷 材料’包括壓電陶瓷材料以及不同陶瓷材料之固態複合 材料混合物所製成。固態材料亦可爲半導體，如可爲矽 或砷化鎵等。固態材料可爲半導體材料及介電材料之複 合材料混合物。 固態材料可依照國際專利申請案WOO0 / 40 50 6號中所敘 述之製程而製造。亦即，孔可由電蝕方法所製造，並且 導體可由孔中局部離子沉澱法製成。 孔可爲多細孔性之型式，最好其直徑可在200納米以 下’更佳爲在1 0納米到2 0 0納米。 導體可爲從金、銀、白金或銅或其結合物所形成。其 他金屬可被使用在適當之處。導體最好爲狹長絲或纖維 之型式，並且一或多種絲或纖維可被裝在已知狹長孔之 內。 導體最好其直徑可在200納米以下，更佳爲在1 〇納米 到2 0 0納米。 雖然此長度範圍之外在特別情況下可能很適當，基本 上孔及導體最好其縱向長度爲在1 00納米到1 000納米。 當對第一對電極施加直流電壓之時，會形成一個通過 548864 五、發明說明（5) 固態材料之電場。此電場在狹長導體中感應靜電，並且 這些電荷會在電場影響之下移動，因而產生一個通過第 二對電極之間的電位差。在第一對電極施加一個電位差 並且在第二對之間連接一個負荷或其他電路時，可造成 電流流過負荷或其他電路。 本發明之可充電電池並不包括任何化學作用元件，因 而對環境很有利。再者，因爲在充電時沒有或很少機械 或熱劣化產生，本發明之可充電電池與現有電池比較時 ，具有改良之操作壽命。在某些實施例中，本發明之操 作壽命比現有可充電電池提供2 0 %之改進。 爲了更了解本發明，並且顯示其可產生之效用，下面 將以實施例做參考並且參照其附圖而說明，其中·· 附圖之簡單說明 第1圖係顯示具有兩對電極之固態材料。 發明較佳實施例之詳細說明 第1圖係顯示一個固態陶瓷塊1，其具有多數個狹長細 孔，其內部形成有多數個由銀製成之狹長電導絲線2。細 孔及絲線2有一個以箭頭’A，表示之主要縱向。第一對 銀電極3以電禱形成’在固態陶瓷塊1之任何一側，使 得電極3之間所拉之假想線實質上垂直於該主要縱向，A， 。第二對銀電極4分別被電鑄形成在固態陶瓷塊丨之兩 側，並且電極4之間所畫的一條假想線實質上垂直於該 已知之主要方向’A 5。電極3之間的直流電壓會造成一個 548864 五、發明說明（6) 通過固態材料1之電場。電場在絲線2之中感應電荷， 這些電荷會在電場之影響下沿著絲線2移動，以產生一 個橫跨電極4之直流電壓，然後此電壓可形成一個通過 連接在電極4之間的負荷（圖中未顯示）之電流。 實施例1。介電陶瓷材料及其置於細孔中之金屬絲線 〇 納米級之細孔以標準技術（一種被衝壓充塡有黏著劑之 介電陶瓷在1 450°C之溫度下燒結之後並逐漸被冷卻）被形 成在介電陶瓷胚料之一個端面上，此標準技術乃經由使 用碘化硫銻（SSbl)製成、點直徑爲20納米之第一針的電 蝕法’供應負極性脈衝（處理節距-600納米，修正電壓4 伏特；每一個細孔之處理時間-400納秒）。然後使用一 個銀製成之第二針（點直徑爲1 〇納米），以供應之正電性 之脈衝’由局部離子沉澱法（處理節距- 600納米，修正電 壓2伏特；每一個細孔之處理時間-600納秒）在形成的納 米級細孔中形成銀之納米級絲線。第一及第二針之定位 是由掃瞄管顯微鏡之協助下而進行。細孔之密度平均爲 每// m2有3個細孔。 以上述方法處理之介電陶瓷板接受強度測定（破壞拉力） 。其爲3100牛頓/平方公厘，而未接受此種處理之類似 之板其強度爲2200牛頓/平方公厘。 反比於材料中之音損値的機電聯結係數從〇 . 7 1增加到 0.85° 548864 五、發明說明（7) 元件之符號說明 1 固態陶瓷塊 2 絲線 3 第一對銀電極 4 第二對銀電極548864 V. Description of the invention (1) Field of the invention The present invention relates to a rechargeable battery, and more particularly to a type of rechargeable battery including a solid material with a longitudinally extending hole formed or disposed in the hole. conductor. This string of applications and the British patent application in the same period of time "Rechargeable battery J 5 whose agent number is CTV / P45202 · 1 is a cross reference and the entire specification is incorporated herein as a reference. Previous technical descriptions and known technologies There are many types of rechargeable batteries, including chemical accumulators based on nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride systems. These batteries have a limited operating life due to irreversible chemical changes inside the battery when the battery is charged and discharged, and because they contain toxicity Chemicals have an adverse impact on the environment. RU20707 56 reveals that-a battery containing an electrolysis device has--an electrode plate, one on either side of the solid electrolyte. This battery is passed by The electrolyte is charged by the current of the electrolyte. RU21 3 2585 discloses that-a battery including an electrolysis device has an electrode plate immersed in a liquid electrolyte. This battery is charged by the current through the electrolyte. Charging. 7066 discloses--a type of rechargeable battery containing a piezoelectric element with a fixed pair of electrodes. This battery can be charged by heating the piezoelectric element. RU207447 5--a type of electricity including a capacitor slot- 3- Pool, which can be 548864 V. Description of the invention (2;) Charged by a generator 0 All this tb device has insufficient operation life P > and has an adverse effect on the environment 0 A brief description of the invention in accordance with the present invention In the first aspect, there is provided a rechargeable battery including a non-reservoir storage chamber 5 which is a solid dielectric or semiconductor material and a plurality of holes 5 formed inside the inner side for accommodating ^ plate edges 5 and A pair of elongated conductors formed on the edge of the plate and installed in the holes and contacted with the energy storage chamber along at least one point along its length & g t; a DC voltage is applied between the electrodes of the first pair of electrodes and is formed on or located on the opposite side of the energy storage chamber in the first space direction and the second pair of electrodes is formed on or located on a second space that is different from the first space direction Energy storage in the space direction: room; opposite side 0 in operation 5 formed by the application of the DC voltage of the counter electrode-· an electric field through a solid material > This electric field induces static electricity in a narrow conductor and is generated A: Pass the voltage between the second pair of electrodes ί 0 is best> At least one ith narrow conductors have substantially the same spatial orientation with each other ο sufficient conductors in-* preferred embodiments are substantially the same Extend y so that the solid material has isotropic properties, i.e. holes and conductors that extend along one of the known major directions are substantially better than the other There are more extenders. The conductor and the electrode are preferably constructed so that the first pair of electrodes is drawn-an imaginary line is substantially perpendicular to the known main direction. 0-4- 548864 V. Description of the invention (3 According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rechargeable battery including an energy storage chamber between two pairs of electrodes. The energy storage chamber is made of a solid dielectric or semiconducting material containing a hole and an elongated conductor installed in the hole. The elongated conductor is formed to be fixed to the solid body at least a little along its length. At least some of the elongated conductors have substantially the same spatial orientation with each other. A DC voltage is applied between the first pair of electrodes and is formed on or located on the opposite side of the energy storage chamber in the first spatial direction. The second pair of electrodes are output electrodes formed on or on opposite sides of the energy storage chamber in a second spatial direction different from the first spatial direction. The conductor and the electrode are preferably configured such that an imaginary line drawn between the first pair of electrodes is substantially perpendicular to the known principal direction, and an imaginary line drawn between the second pair of electrodes is substantially parallel In this known direction, the elongated conductor is formed to be fixed to the solid material at least one point along its length. Preferably, the first pair of electrodes is formed or located closely against the energy storage chamber. Preferably, the second pair of electrodes is formed or located closely against the energy storage chamber. The electrodes can be electroformed, electrodeposited, or sputtered onto solid materials. Alternatively, the electrodes may be formed separately and clamped, adhered, or otherwise disposed on a solid material. The electrode may be formed from gold, silver, platinum, or copper or a combination thereof. Its 548864 V. Description of the invention (4) The metal can also be used where appropriate. The solid material may be a dielectric material or a semiconductor material as described in International Patent Application No. WO00 / 40506 filed by the applicant at the same time. This document is incorporated herein by reference. The solid material may be a dielectric ceramic material such as a solid crystalline ceramic material, including a piezoelectric ceramic material and a solid composite material mixture of different ceramic materials. The solid material can also be a semiconductor, such as silicon or gallium arsenide. The solid material may be a composite material mixture of a semiconductor material and a dielectric material. Solid materials can be manufactured in accordance with the process described in International Patent Application WOO0 / 40 50 6. That is, the hole can be made by an electro-erosion method, and the conductor can be made by a local ion precipitation method in the hole. The pores may be of a microporous type, and the diameter may be preferably 200 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm to 200 nm. The conductor may be formed from gold, silver, platinum or copper or a combination thereof. Other metals can be used where appropriate. The conductor is preferably in the form of a narrow filament or fiber, and one or more filaments or fibers can be housed in a known narrow slot. The diameter of the conductor may preferably be 200 nm or less, and more preferably 10 nm to 200 nm. Although this range of lengths may be appropriate in special cases, it is generally preferred that the holes and conductors have a longitudinal length in the range of 100 nanometers to 1,000 nanometers. When a DC voltage is applied to the first pair of electrodes, an electric field is formed through the solid material. This electric field induces static electricity in the long and narrow conductor, and these charges move under the influence of the electric field, thus creating a potential difference through the second pair of electrodes. When a potential difference is applied to the first pair of electrodes and a load or other circuit is connected between the second pair, a current may flow through the load or other circuit. The rechargeable battery of the present invention does not include any chemically-acting elements, and is therefore environmentally friendly. Furthermore, because no or little mechanical or thermal degradation occurs during charging, the rechargeable battery of the present invention has improved operating life when compared with existing batteries. In some embodiments, the operating life of the present invention provides a 20% improvement over existing rechargeable batteries. In order to better understand the present invention, and to show its usefulness, the following will be described with reference to the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which ... Brief description of the drawings Figure 1 shows a solid material with two pairs of electrodes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION Fig. 1 shows a solid ceramic block 1 having a plurality of elongated pores, and a plurality of elongated conductive wires 2 made of silver formed therein. The pores and threads 2 have a main longitudinal direction indicated by an arrow 'A. The first pair of silver electrodes 3 are formed electrically on either side of the solid ceramic block 1 so that the imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 3 is substantially perpendicular to the main longitudinal direction, A,. A second pair of silver electrodes 4 are respectively electroformed on both sides of the solid ceramic block, and an imaginary line drawn between the electrodes 4 is substantially perpendicular to the known main direction 'A 5. The DC voltage between the electrodes 3 will cause a 548864 V. Description of the invention (6) The electric field passing through the solid material 1. The electric field induces charges in the wire 2 and these charges will move along the wire 2 under the influence of the electric field to generate a DC voltage across the electrode 4. This voltage can then form a load connected between the electrodes 4 ( (Not shown). Example 1. Dielectric ceramic material and its metal wires placed in pores. Nano-sized pores are sintered at a temperature of 1 450 ° C by a standard technique (a dielectric ceramic stamped and filled with an adhesive) and gradually cooled. ) Is formed on one end face of the dielectric ceramic base material. This standard technique is to supply negative polarity pulses (electrolytic etching method) using a first needle electrolysis method made of antimony sulfide (SSbl) with a spot diameter of 20 nm. Pitch -600 nm, correction voltage 4 volts; processing time for each pore-400 nanoseconds). Then use a second needle (point diameter of 10 nanometers) made of silver to supply positively charged pulses' by the local ion precipitation method (processing pitch-600 nanometers, corrected voltage 2 volts; Processing time-600 nanoseconds) A nano-scale silver wire is formed in the formed nano-scale pores. The first and second needles are positioned with the help of a scanning tube microscope. The density of pores is on average 3 pores per // m2. The dielectric ceramic plate treated in the above-mentioned method was subjected to strength measurement (breaking tension). It is 3100 Newtons per square millimeter, and a similar board that has not received this treatment has a strength of 2200 Newtons per square millimeter. The electromechanical coupling coefficient inversely proportional to the sound loss in the material increased from 0.71 to 0.85 ° 548864 V. Description of the invention (7) Symbol description of the component 1 Solid ceramic block 2 Wire 3 First pair of silver electrodes 4 Second pair of silver electrode