WO2002028039A1 - Verfahren zur übertragung eines hochfrequenten binären datenstroms über eine kommunikationsstrecke mit galvanischer trennung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur übertragung eines hochfrequenten binären datenstroms über eine kommunikationsstrecke mit galvanischer trennung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002028039A1 WO2002028039A1 PCT/DE2001/003577 DE0103577W WO0228039A1 WO 2002028039 A1 WO2002028039 A1 WO 2002028039A1 DE 0103577 W DE0103577 W DE 0103577W WO 0228039 A1 WO0228039 A1 WO 0228039A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- data
- signal
- binary
- data stream
- transmission
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/0264—Arrangements for coupling to transmission lines
- H04L25/0266—Arrangements for providing Galvanic isolation, e.g. by means of magnetic or capacitive coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/0002—Modulated-carrier systems analog front ends; means for connecting modulators, demodulators or transceivers to a transmission line
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for transmitting a high-frequency binary data stream over a, in particular bidirectional, communication link with electrical isolation, in particular with safe electrical isolation, and a method based thereon for the synchronous transmission of a high-frequency data stream.
- the galvanic isolation should, if possible, meet the properties of a safe isolation according to the standard EN50178. Immunity to high changes in voltage over time (du / dt) is required, e.g. for applications in a frequency converter, the data transfer rate should be approx. 10 ... 24Mbaud, higher data rates are also conceivable.
- FIG. 2 shows a basic sketch for data transmission with electrical isolation GT.
- Transceivers T1 and T2 are provided on both sides of a communication link K, which are each controlled via optocouplers 01 to 04.
- the transceiver T1 is supplied with data via the optocoupler 01, while received data RDATA are forwarded to a further optocoupler 02.
- serial data transmission is implemented on the PROFIBUS.
- the dielectric strength for safe isolation is also limited for optocouplers and optocouplers are only available for limited data rates (the limit today is around 12Mbaud).
- optical fibers such as optocouplers are only available for limited data rates.
- the solution with optical fibers is very expensive due to the high costs for the optical fibers themselves.
- FIG. 5 shows such a serial data transmission via Ethernet, the physical layer components PL known according to the Ethernet standard being present on both sides of the transmission path.
- the actual transmission takes place via transmitters DU1 and DU2 on both sides of the communication link K1, K2.
- Ethernet In the case of Ethernet, however, bidirectional transmission over one channel cannot be implemented; two separate channels K1 and K2 are required, combined with increased effort. Another disadvantage is that the transformers for Ethernet do not guarantee sufficient immunity to high voltage changes over time (du / dt), but in particular no safe separation for voltages above approx. 300V.
- the object of the present invention is therefore to transmit a high-frequency data stream over a galvanic isolating section as simply and inexpensively as possible.
- this object is achieved by a method for transmitting a high-frequency binary data stream over a, in particular bidirectional, communication link with electrical isolation, with the following method steps: DC component-free coding of the data stream on the transmission side by generating artificial signal changes
- the signal is coded free of direct components by incorporating artificial jumps in the binary values to be transmitted, which ensure that no direct components can occur.
- each binary value, zero ' is assigned the binary signal sequence, zero' and then 'one' and - each binary value, one 'is assigned the binary signal sequence, one' and then 'zero'.
- each binary value one 'is assigned the binary signal sequence, zero' and subsequently, one 'and each binary value, zero' is assigned the binary signal sequence, one 'and subsequently, zero'.
- Such coding is also referred to as Manchester coding for other purposes.
- the invention can be used for transmission with a serial communication link with particularly little effort.
- a transmission takes place in half-duplex mode by providing the beginning of each data stream on the transmission side with a characteristic value, in particular with a start bit, for identifying a message.
- a respective characteristic value in particular a start bit, can also be used to start the recovery of the data coded without DC on the receiving side.
- the underlying object can also be achieved by a method for the synchronous transmission of a high-frequency binary data stream with a data signal and a clock signal via a, in particular bidirectional, communication path with electrical isolation with the following method steps:
- transmitters with a low coupling capacitance are used between their primary circuit and secondary circuit, in particular those with a coupling capacitance less than 1 pF. It is also advantageous if transformers with low attenuation and / or with safe electrical isolation up to 720 volts are used.
- a particularly effective application results from a connection of a power unit for electrical drives, in particular an intermediate circuit converter or inverter, with a comparatively high voltage potential with control electronics with a comparatively lower voltage potential for bidirectional data exchange using the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a serial data transmission in half duplex operation according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a basic diagram of a data transmission in the case of long lines with double galvanic isolation
- FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a serial data transmission with optocouplers according to the prior art
- FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a serial transmission of synchronous data according to the invention.
- the data stream is first suitably processed and then transmitted using transmitters.
- These transformers must have a very low coupling capacitance between the primary and secondary side (typically ⁇ lpF) in order to avoid problems with the high voltage-time changes du / dt.
- these should have a low attenuation in order to be able to transmit the high data rates and be suitable for a safe separation.
- a direct component-free coding is first carried out, with Manchester coding being available here, for example.
- line drivers such as an RS485 driver can be used, which are available inexpensively.
- the data to be transmitted DATA is encoded in an encoder / decoder EC_DC free of direct components, e.g. manchester coded, and are available as coded data DATA '.
- Each line driver has an input T for data to be sent and an output R for data to be received.
- Respective transmitters U1, U2 are connected between the respective line drivers LT1, LT2 and the communication link K, at least one of which must ensure reliable electrical isolation GT.
- a 'possible application of the method according to the invention is the connection of a control module with a power unit for implementing a decentralized drive concept for electric drives.
- power units with a control unit are used, which "lies" on a negative intermediate circuit potential, in order to save costs with optocouplers.
- This requires a transmission path with the requirements for data communication mentioned at the beginning, which, in addition to the galvanic isolation, provides a safe electrical isolation For cost reasons, only one transmission link should be used for the data interface (only half-duplex data transmission).
- the potential is separated by means of transformers that are used for the electrical isolation between control electronics (PE potential) and power section (negative DC link potential).
- the proposed transformers are selected so that they meet the requirements for safe isolation with a supply voltage of up to 3AC720V and are therefore suitable for all low-voltage converters.
- the first option was chosen for the following example, as this is preferred by semiconductor manufacturers for integrated solutions.
- the start of each message is provided with a start bit SO. This is followed either by a data packet with a predetermined length, or the length is transmitted at the beginning of the data packet.
- a corresponding encoder and decoder EC_DC with the associated timing diagrams is shown in FIGS. 6 to 9.
- FIG. 6 shows a circuit arrangement for an encoder for Manchester coding on the basis of several logical switching gates.
- the connection is easy to see through by a specialist and therefore does not have to be explained in detail.
- Flip-flop modules D1 to D5 and a logical AND gate Gl are used.
- Circuit arrangement according to FIG 6 signals which are plotted on top of each other. These are clock signals CLK48, CLK24, CLK12, which are obtained by clock division.
- a signal DE is used to activate the encoder.
- SCLK represents the clock of the data stream TDATA to be coded.
- the person skilled in the art takes the logical combination of the respective signals from the circuit arrangement according to FIG. 6.
- the main effect of Manchester coding can be seen from the uncoded signal TDATA and the coded signal TX.
- TDATA carries a signal sequence, 1011 ', the two successive logical values, one' not causing a signal change, but in this case TDATA is constant. However, exactly this can result in undesired DC components.
- the signal TX - after the start bit SO described above - necessarily also carries the signal sequence, 1011 ', but the associated signal profile differs in so far as an edge change occurs in the case of the two successive logical values, one'.
- a negative edge change represents the logical value "one”, a positive edge change the logical value "zero". This reliably prevents an undesirable DC component during transmission.
- FIG. 8 shows a circuit arrangement for decoding Manchester-coded signals based on several logic switching gates. The interconnection is also understandable to the person skilled in the art and therefore need not be explained in detail. Flip-flop modules D6 to D12 as well as logic AND gates G2 and G3 are used.
- FIG. 9 shows the associated signal diagram in the
- Circuit arrangement according to FIG 8 signals, which are in turn plotted on top of each other. These are clock signals CLK48 and CLK24 which are obtained by clock division.
- a signal XRE is used to activate the decoding.
- RX is the received Manchester-coded data DATA 'of the data stream.
- RX Manchester-coded data
- RDATA decoded original data
- a further exemplary embodiment enables the transmission of synchronous data, with the signals being suitably encoded in order to avoid the occurrence of equal components by means of an EXOR combination of clock signal CLK and data DATA.
- two data streams have to be transmitted, namely a data signal DATA and the clock signal CLK required for synchronous transmission, but not bidirectionally.
- two communication links are provided, each of which is protected by a transformer U1 and U2 with safe electrical isolation GT.
- Each communication link has respective line drivers LTla, LTlb and LT2a, LT2b at both ends (eg RS485 line drivers).
- the DATA signal is initially not free of DC components. In order to still be able to transmit it with a transmitter, it is first inventively used with the clock signal CLK Exclusive.
- the clock signal CLK can be EXOR-linked with a constant binary value M such as, for example, zero, from which the clock signal CLK results.
- the logical combination of the data signal and the clock signal thus ensures that a coded data signal DATA 'free of DC components can be transmitted via the transmitter U1.
- the clock signal itself is always free of direct components.
- the two signals DATA 'and CLK' are then transmitted via the respective communication link with the respective transmitters U1 and U2 and the original data stream DATA is recovered by EXOR linking the two coded signals DATA 'and CLK' again.
- the original clock signal from CLK ' it is linked again with the constant binary value M EXOR.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc Digital Transmission (AREA)
- Bidirectional Digital Transmission (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01978145A EP1320967A1 (de) | 2000-09-29 | 2001-09-17 | Verfahren zur übertragung eines hochfrequenten binären datenstroms über eine kommunikationsstrecke mit galvanischer trennung |
US10/398,088 US20040008187A1 (en) | 2000-09-29 | 2001-09-17 | Method for transmitting a high-frequency binary data stream via an electrically isolated communications path |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10048352A DE10048352A1 (de) | 2000-09-29 | 2000-09-29 | Verfahren zur Übertragung eines hochfrequenten binären Datenstroms über eine Kommunikationsstrecke mit galvanischer Trennung |
DE10048352.6 | 2000-09-29 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002028039A1 true WO2002028039A1 (de) | 2002-04-04 |
Family
ID=7658140
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE2001/003577 WO2002028039A1 (de) | 2000-09-29 | 2001-09-17 | Verfahren zur übertragung eines hochfrequenten binären datenstroms über eine kommunikationsstrecke mit galvanischer trennung |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040008187A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1320967A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1502196A (de) |
DE (1) | DE10048352A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002028039A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10226548B4 (de) * | 2002-06-14 | 2007-01-04 | Sennheiser Electronic Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Schaltungsanordnung zur Kodierung und Dekodierung von Daten |
DE10261216A1 (de) * | 2002-12-27 | 2004-07-22 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Kopplungsschaltung für eine Datenübertragung über ein Stromversorgungsnetz |
KR100542203B1 (ko) | 2004-06-30 | 2006-01-10 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | 연료전지용 바인더 조성물, 막-전극 접합체 및 막-전극접합체의 제조방법 |
DE502005009756D1 (de) * | 2005-04-29 | 2010-07-29 | Tektronix Int Sales Gmbh | Zeitlich synchronisiertes Messsystem und Verfahren zum zeitlichen Synchronisieren von mindestens einer Master- und einer Slave-Vorrichtung |
US8576928B2 (en) * | 2009-05-08 | 2013-11-05 | Intersil Americas Inc. | Capacitive divider transmission scheme for improved communications isolation |
US8798175B2 (en) | 2009-05-08 | 2014-08-05 | Intersil Americas LLC | Communicating with a self-clocking amplitude modulated signal |
DE102013211386B4 (de) * | 2013-06-18 | 2016-09-01 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Leistungshalbleitermodul mit einer leistungselektronischen Schaltung und einer Anordnung zum Messen und Übertragen von Messdaten |
US20170092964A1 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-03-30 | General Electric Company | Fuel cell module including heat exchanger and method of operating such module |
US11974371B2 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2024-04-30 | Novatek Microelectronics Corp. | Light-emitting diode driver and light-emitting diode driving device |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO1994011977A1 (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-05-26 | General Electric Company | Contactless slip ring signal coupler |
CH684224A5 (de) * | 1991-12-18 | 1994-07-29 | Alcatel Str Ag | Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Auftrennung von Koaxialkabeln. |
US5384808A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1995-01-24 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting NRZ data signals across an isolation barrier disposed in an interface between adjacent devices on a bus |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4823305A (en) * | 1986-07-18 | 1989-04-18 | Chrysler Motors Corporation | Serial data direct memory access system |
US5805632A (en) * | 1992-11-19 | 1998-09-08 | Cirrus Logic, Inc. | Bit rate doubler for serial data transmission or storage |
US5654984A (en) * | 1993-12-03 | 1997-08-05 | Silicon Systems, Inc. | Signal modulation across capacitors |
US5974464A (en) * | 1995-10-06 | 1999-10-26 | Silicon Image, Inc. | System for high speed serial video signal transmission using DC-balanced coding |
-
2000
- 2000-09-29 DE DE10048352A patent/DE10048352A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-09-17 CN CNA018166431A patent/CN1502196A/zh active Pending
- 2001-09-17 US US10/398,088 patent/US20040008187A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-17 WO PCT/DE2001/003577 patent/WO2002028039A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-09-17 EP EP01978145A patent/EP1320967A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH684224A5 (de) * | 1991-12-18 | 1994-07-29 | Alcatel Str Ag | Vorrichtung zur galvanischen Auftrennung von Koaxialkabeln. |
WO1994011977A1 (en) * | 1992-11-18 | 1994-05-26 | General Electric Company | Contactless slip ring signal coupler |
US5384808A (en) * | 1992-12-31 | 1995-01-24 | Apple Computer, Inc. | Method and apparatus for transmitting NRZ data signals across an isolation barrier disposed in an interface between adjacent devices on a bus |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10048352A1 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
US20040008187A1 (en) | 2004-01-15 |
EP1320967A1 (de) | 2003-06-25 |
CN1502196A (zh) | 2004-06-02 |
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