WO2002024875A1 - Solution de culture de cellules normales mures de foie humain - Google Patents
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- WO2002024875A1 WO2002024875A1 PCT/JP2001/008168 JP0108168W WO0224875A1 WO 2002024875 A1 WO2002024875 A1 WO 2002024875A1 JP 0108168 W JP0108168 W JP 0108168W WO 0224875 A1 WO0224875 A1 WO 0224875A1
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- C12N5/00—Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
- C12N5/06—Animal cells or tissues; Human cells or tissues
- C12N5/0602—Vertebrate cells
- C12N5/067—Hepatocytes
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- C12N2500/00—Specific components of cell culture medium
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- C12N2500/32—Amino acids
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/10—Growth factors
- C12N2501/11—Epidermal growth factor [EGF]
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/10—Growth factors
- C12N2501/12—Hepatocyte growth factor [HGF]
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/10—Growth factors
- C12N2501/148—Transforming growth factor alpha [TGF-a]
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/30—Hormones
- C12N2501/33—Insulin
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- C12N2501/00—Active agents used in cell culture processes, e.g. differentation
- C12N2501/85—Hormones derived from pro-opiomelanocortin, pro-enkephalin or pro-dynorphin
- C12N2501/855—Corticotropin [ACTH]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a culture medium for growing and maintaining normal human mature hepatocytes.
- Hepatocytes have so many functions that they are called chemical factories in the body. Hepatocytes produce more than 90% of serum proteins, and hepatocytes metabolize and detoxify harmful substances taken up or produced in the body. For this reason, various methods have been used, such as culturing normal human mature hepatocytes and using their functions to detect harmful substances (biosensors), or to enable the production of substances necessary for humans outside the body. Research is being conducted on mature hepatocytes at research institutes.
- liver transplantation In the medical field, securing a large amount of human hepatocytes is an urgent issue in establishing treatments to save people suffering from severe liver disease. Liver failure can occur for a variety of causes and is very fatal when it occurs. At present, the highest survival rate can be said to be liver transplantation alone.
- a brain death transplant bill has been passed in Japan, and brain death liver transplantation has begun.
- the vast majority of patients will receive transplants. It is clear that he will die without.
- Creating an artificial liver, or artificial liver is considered the most appropriate way to save those patients, and at present there is no other alternative.
- a hybrid artificial liver using bushus liver cells is only used as a clinical trial in the United States for the temporary treatment of patients with fulminant hepatitis. Even in that case, it can only withstand several hours of use, and its therapeutic effects are debatable.
- human liver that can maintain hepatocyte function sufficiently Because a large number of cells cannot be secured, even such a hybrid type artificial liver must use the hepatocytes.
- fulminant hepatitis, cirrhosis, and liver cancer are many cases of liver failure, but a small number of metabolic diseases are caused by congenital genetic defects.
- hepatocyte transplantation has recently been considered as a treatment for these diseases, since it is predicted that the disease will not develop when a protein lacking each is replaced.
- This method involves culturing the patient's own hepatocytes outside the body, incorporating the defective gene into the cells, and returning the cells back to the liver.
- the cells incorporating the gene are mature hepatocytes, especially human hepatocytes, not only the efficiency of gene transfer is poor, but also the cells cannot be propagated in the liver. It is known that the expressing cells disappear within a short period of time.
- normal human mature hepatocytes are difficult to culture, and when they are isolated from the liver and started culturing, they rapidly lose their function as hepatocytes, and subculture cannot be performed. Therefore, using the conventional culture medium and culture method, it is difficult to maintain the isolated normal human mature hepatocytes at a level that can be used in experiments for a period of about one week, and it is difficult to proliferate the cells.
- human hepatocyte cell lines that can be subcultured have been established, they cannot be called normal human mature hepatocytes. Some of them require special culture conditions, such as the need for mixed culture with rat cells.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a culture solution for growing and maintaining normal human mature hepatocytes while maintaining their functions, and to use the culture solution for culturing normal human mature hepatocytes. Use.
- the culture solution of the present invention is a culture solution for normal human mature hepatocytes, characterized by containing human serum.
- the culture medium of the present invention contains an essential amino acid, histidine, arginine or ornitis glycine, proline, glutamine, cystine, serine, human serum, nicotine amide, growth factor, insulin, and corticosteroids. It is a culture solution for hepatocytes.
- Another culture solution of the present invention is a culture solution further containing transferrin and a trace element.
- another culture medium of the present invention is a culture medium containing glucagon, thyroid hormone, growth hormone, and ascorbic acid in addition to the above components, and having a very low calcium concentration.
- Another aspect of the present invention is the use of the culture solution for culturing human mature hepatocytes while maintaining their functions.
- FIG. 1 compares the albumin production in mature hepatocytes from humans (55 years old) cultured in the culture medium of the present invention and the Williams' E (+ FCS) ( ⁇ ) culture medium.
- K SMF HS (+) (garden) means KSFM medium containing human serum
- KSFM HS (-) ( ⁇ ) means KSFM medium without human serum.
- FIG. 2 compares albumin production in mature hepatocytes from human (56 years old) cultured in the culture solution of the present invention and the Williams' E (+ FCS) ( ⁇ ) culture solution.
- HS (+) (garden) means KSFM medium containing human serum
- HS (-) (old) means KSFM medium without human serum.
- FIG. 3 shows a comparison of albumin production by mature human hepatocytes in a culture solution containing 10% human serum and 10% fetal bovine serum.
- Hepatocytes were isolated and cultured from 55-year-old human liver.
- Hata indicates a KSFM medium containing 10% fetal calf serum
- ⁇ indicates a KSFM medium containing 10% human serum.
- the culture solution of the present invention is characterized by containing essential amino acids, histidine, arginine or ordinine, glycine, proline, glutamine, cystine, serine, human serum, nicotinamide, growth factors, insulin, and corticosteroids.
- the culture solution of the present invention has a higher concentration of essential amino acids, a higher concentration of histidine, a higher concentration of arginine or orditin, a higher concentration of glycine, and a higher concentration as compared with a culture solution for normal human cultured cells. It preferably contains proline, high concentration of glutamine, high concentration of cysteine, high concentration of serine, and more preferably further includes transferrin and trace elements.
- the essential amino acids differ slightly depending on the species.For example, in humans, there are eight types: palin, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, fenylalanine, triptophan, methionine, and lysine. It is known that this is 10 species with the addition of glycine and 10 species with the addition of glycine in birds. Also, can hepatocytes use orditin instead of arginine? In the culture solution of the present invention for culturing mature hepatocytes, arginine and ornithine can be used interchangeably.
- essential amino acids specifically means palin, leucine, isoleucine, threonine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, and lysine. Further, in the present specification, amino acids are in L-form unless otherwise specified.
- the culture solution of the present invention contains glucagon, thyroid hormone, growth hormone (GH) or insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), vitamins, and has a low calcium concentration, for example, a calcium concentration of 0. More preferably, it is not more than lmM.
- the concentration of essential amino acids and histidine, arginine or ordinine, glycine, proline, glutamine, cysteine, and serine in the culture solution of the present invention may be a culture solution generally used for culturing human cells, such as Williams' E (Williajns 5). GM and Gunn, JM (1974), Exp.
- the minimum concentration of essential amino acids, histidine, arginine or ordinine, glycine, proline, glutamine, cysteine, and serine contained in L-15 The concentration is preferably about 1.5-fold to the maximum concentration for each amino acid, and more preferably the essential amino acids, histidine, arginine or ordinine, glycine, proline, and guanidine in these culture solutions.
- Glutamic about half of the maximum concentration for Shisuti emissions, about 1.5 times to each of the amino acids of the minimum concentration for each serine.
- “high concentration” refers to Williams' E, DMEM, MCDB and the like exemplified in Tables 1 to 4 below.
- the concentration ranges from about 1.5 times the value in the culture medium with the lowest concentration to the maximum concentration in these four culture mediums.
- arginine and ordinine can be used interchangeably in the culture solution of the present invention. Therefore, when arginine is used instead of arginine, its concentration is the same as that of arginine.
- a high concentration of essential amino acids a high concentration of histidine, a high concentration of arginine or ordinine, a high concentration of glycine, a high concentration of proline, a high concentration of glutamine, as defined above, It preferably contains high concentrations of cysteine and high concentrations of serine, more preferably the essential amino acids, histidine, arginine or ordinine, glycine, proline, glutamine, cysteine, and serine, in terms of the concentration of each of these amino acids. Concentrations from about 1.5 times the lowest value in each culture of Williams' E, DMEM, MCDB and L-15 shown in Tables 1 to 4 to about half of the highest values in these four cultures Include in range.
- the concentration of human serum added to the present invention is 5% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%.
- the growth factors that can be used in the culture medium of the present invention include, for example, EGF, HGF, TGF-H, or a combination thereof. EGF and / or HGF are particularly preferred.c
- the culture medium of the present invention is nicotinamide. At a concentration of preferably 5 mM to 15 mM, more preferably 5 mM to 10 mM.
- the concentration of the growth factor in the culture solution of the present invention is preferably 1 ng / ml to 50 ng / ml in total, and more preferably 5 ng / ml to 50 ng / ml in total. Insulin concentration in the culture solution of the present invention is preferably 50 nM to 1 M, more preferably 100 nM to 0.5 M.
- Adrenocortical hormones that can be used in the culture solution of the present invention include, for example, cortisone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone, and combinations thereof, with hydrocortisone and / or dexamethosone being preferred.
- Adrenocortical hormone levels Is preferably 10 nM to 1MM in total, and more preferably 50 nM to 200 nM in total.
- the concentration of transferrin that can be used in the culture medium of the present invention is preferably from 1 ⁇ g / ml to L5 ⁇ g / ml, more preferably 5 g / ml. Get on at 15 ⁇ / 1111.
- the trace elements that can be used in the culture solution of the present invention include those generally used for culturing cultured cells, particularly for primary culturing of human hepatocytes, and include, for example, selenium, manganese, silicon, molybdenum, vanadium, nickel, and tin. , Zinc, iron, magnesium, copper, and combinations thereof.
- the minor component selenium about 20nM ⁇ 30nM (NaSe0 3), about 0.5 nm to; InM manganese (MnCl 2), Ke I containing about 400nM ⁇ 500nM (N Si0 3), about 0.5 nm to; molybdenum LnM ((NH 4) 6 Mo 7 0 24), about 2nM ⁇ 5nM the banner Jiumu (NH 4 V0 3), second about 0. 1NM ⁇ 0.5NM characterize (NiS0 4), tin of approximately 0. 1NM ⁇ 0.5NM
- Thyroid hormones that can be used in the culture solution of the present invention include triothyronine (T 3 ) and thyroxine (T 4 ), with ⁇ 3 being particularly preferred.
- growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor can be used interchangeably, and their concentrations are preferably about lng / ml to 20ng / ml in total, more preferably Is a total of 5 ng / ml to 15 ng / ml. If glucagon is added, its concentration is similar to that of insulin.
- bieminin to be added to the culture solution of the present invention include ascorbic acid and / or retinoic acid, and a bieminin B complex containing choline, with ascorbic acid being particularly preferred.
- concentration of these vitamins is preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 m, more preferably between 0.5 and 1.0 mM.
- the culture of the present invention optionally comprises 0.1 mM to 0.5 mM ethanolamine, and 0.1 mM M-0.5 mM phosphoethanolamine may be further included.
- the culture solution of the present invention may contain other components usually used in the cell culture solution, such as non-essential amino acids other than those described above, inorganic salts such as sodium phosphate and sodium chloride, various vitamins other than the above, and lactic acid. Buffers such as D-glucose, D-galactose, Hepes, pH indicators, appropriate antibiotics, and the like.
- the culture medium of the present invention may be a known culture medium or a commercially available culture medium such as Williams'E, RPMI, MEM, MCDB (Peehl, DM. And Ham, RG, (1980), I n vitro, 16: 526; Bettger, WJ et al. (1981) m Prcx; Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 78: 9, 5588-5592)), KSFM (Serum-Free Keratinocyte Mediui, GIBCo BRL), etc. If necessary, it can be prepared by adding the above-mentioned components so as to have the above-mentioned concentrations. In particular, KSFM, which is considered to have an increased amino acid concentration in MCDB, is advantageous for preparing the culture solution of the present invention.
- KSFM which is considered to have an increased amino acid concentration in MCDB
- One embodiment of the present invention the following solutions A, and 5-20% human serum, EGFs insulin, hydrocortisone, trace elements, transferrin, T 3, Rechinoi phosphate, Asukorubin acid, in a culture solution containing choline .
- Such a solution A and the above-mentioned reagent solutions can be sterilized after mixing, but can also be sterilized separately.
- each solution is stored as a stock solution, it is preferable to store each solution after sterilization. Sterilization is usually performed by sterilization by filtration using an autoclave or a filter. However, filtration sterilization is preferred for a solution containing a component which is easily decomposed or thermally denatured. Filters and filters for sterilization by filtration Units and autoclave equipment are well known to those skilled in the art and are commercially available.
- the culture solution of the present invention can be stored after sterilization by mixing all the components. However, it is preferable that some components are separately sterilized and stored, and aseptically mixed at the time of use.
- amino acids and salt solutions such as solution A described above, human serum, growth factors such as EGF and HGF, insulin, dexamethasone, and corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone; Transferrin, a trace element mixture, thyroid hormone, GH and / or IGF-1, glucagon, ascorbic acid, etc. may be stored separately and mixed aseptically when used.
- the method of storing each component may be in accordance with the conditions usually used for each component.
- the prepared culture solution is stored at a low temperature, for example, at about 1 ° C to about 10 ° C, preferably at about 2 ° C to about 4 ° C.
- Serum, growth factors and hormone-free solutions can be stored after sterilization in the dark, at low temperatures, preferably at 2 ° C to 4 ° C, usually for at least one year.
- the preservation method and storage period of the basic culture solution can vary to some extent depending on the composition of the basic culture solution used.
- Each component may be sterilized before storage, or immediately before or after mixing, but is preferably sterilized before storage.
- the culture solution of the present invention prepared or stored in this way may be further added with components generally used for cell culture as necessary, and then appropriately added in the same manner as a normal medium. It can be transferred to a culture vessel and used. For example, various antibiotics may be added to the culture solution of the present invention as needed.
- the culture solution of the present invention is most suitable for culturing normal human mature hepatocytes.
- the culture solution of the present invention is also suitable for culturing cells other than normal human mature hepatocytes, in particular, liver-derived cells having liver function, for example, small human hepatocytes.
- liver-derived cells having liver function for example, small human hepatocytes.
- small hepatocytes refers to a special type of small cells derived from the liver that have been discovered and named by the present inventors and have characteristics as hepatocytes but can be distinguished from mature cells (Mitaka, T. et al., Hepatology, 29, 111-1355 (1999)).
- Normal mature human hepatocytes cultured in the culture solution of the present invention may be obtained by any method, and can be prepared, for example, as follows.
- liver-derived cells can be obtained by excising normal liver tissue from a liver tissue excised together with a lesion from a cancer patient or the like having a few metastatic foci in the liver, and using a normal liver perfusion method or a puncture perfusion method.
- preperfusion with Hanks buffer containing about 0.5 ⁇ of EGTA perfusion with a buffer containing enzymes such as collagenase-dispase, and then mesh After passing through to remove unnecessary tissue fragments, the cells can be obtained by low-speed centrifugation. Centrifugation may be performed under conditions sufficient to separate non-parenchymal cells and parenchymal cells. For example, centrifugation at 50 ⁇ g for 1 minute and resuspension may be repeated several times.
- Normal human mature hepatocytes prepared by such a method or another appropriate method can be immediately transferred to the culture medium of the present invention and cultured.
- the initial cell concentration is generally not particularly limited within a range suitable for culturing adherent cells, but is preferably not very low in order to maintain the differentiation ability of the cells, particularly l.OxlO 5 cells / m 5.0 ⁇ 10 approximately 5 cells / ml are preferred.
- the exchange of the culture medium depends on the state of the cells, but it is usually preferable to exchange the culture medium once every two days.
- the other conditions other than the culture solution are the same as those for general human cells, especially the conditions conventionally used for primary culture of human hepatocytes. Can be adopted.
- both 5% C0 2, 37 ° C and the culture solution of the present invention, Isseki general C0 2 incubator Bae was set at 95% humidity can be utilized device of one such culture vessel is also limited Instead, containers of various shapes and sizes used for cell culture can be used according to the purpose.
- culture vessels coated with collagen or fibronectin are used for cultivation. Such culture vessels are well known to those skilled in the art, and may be prepared in-house, and may be commercially available together with the apparatus for culture.
- human mature hepatocytes or small hepatocytes cultured in the culture solution of the present invention to maintain their function as hepatocytes depends on various markers, such as albumin, transferrin, and glucose metabolism secreted into the medium.
- Glucose-6-phosphoric acid which is involved in glucose, can be used. These can be confirmed by well-known methods such as ELISA and Western plate analysis.
- cell proliferation was measured by a dye exclusion method using a dye such as trypan blue, an MTT method using MTT conversion, a BrdU method using the degree of MA synthesis using BrdU and anti-BrdU antibody as an index, or It can be confirmed by a flow cytometry method that directly measures the amount of DNA. All of these can be performed by standard methods well known to those skilled in the art.
- the normal human mature hepatocytes grown and maintained or maintained using the culture medium of the present invention in this manner can be used as cultured cells for research, or can be used for artificial liver.
- Informed consent was obtained from a liver resection operation case without infectious diseases such as metastatic liver cancer and biliary tract cancer, and a normal liver section of about 3 g was obtained.
- the subjects were 6 metastatic liver cancers from colorectal cancer, 2 gallbladder cancers or cholangiocellular carcinomas, and 2 liver localizations conducted at Kyoto University Hospital and related hospitals from February 1999 to April 2000.
- Focal Nodular Hyperplasia (2 cases) and hepatic hemangioma (1 case) totaled 11 cases, with an average age of 45.9 ⁇ 5.2 years. The youngest was 17 years old and the oldest was 82 years old.
- Keratinocyte Stimulant Factor Medium (KSMF) (GIBCO BRL), which is commercially available as a serum-free culture solution for human keratinocytes (Marcelo, CL et al., (1978), J. Cell Biology, 79, 360; Price, FM (1980), In vitro, 16, 147, etc.) by adding 10% human serum, lOmM nicotinamide, 10 ng / ml EGF, ImM ascoflavinic acid, and 30 mg / l proline to each reagent. Prepared.
- Example 3 Culture of mature human hepatocytes
- the obtained parenchymal cell fraction was seeded on a type I collagen-coated culture dish at a cell concentration of 2.0 ⁇ 10 5 viable cells / ml.
- the cells were cultured using the above culture solution of the present invention in an incubator at 5% CO 2 , 37 ° C. and 95% humidity.
- the culture medium was changed about once every two days.
- the cells cultured in this manner are subjected to morphological observation with an optical microscope or an electron microscope, measurement of albumin production by ELISA, and mRNA expression of liver-specific proteins (albumin, transferrin) by RT-PCR. Detection and measurement of the BrdU label index by immunohistological staining were performed.
- the culture solution was replaced with the above culture solution from which the serum had been removed, and cells cultured for 2 hours in a serum-free state were used.
- Electron microscopic observation also revealed that when cultured in the culture solution of the present invention, formation of peroxisomes, evening junctions, and bile canaliculi was observed in the culture 8 weeks after the start of the culture.
- the amount of albumin secreted into the medium was measured by ELISA over a period of 12 weeks from the start of the culture of the mature human hepatocytes.
- Williams'E was used as a control culture. In the system using Williams' E, albumin production reached a maximum in 5 to 7 days, then gradually decreased to below the detection limit in about 2 weeks (Fig. 1, Fig. 2).
- albumin production continued to beak for one to three weeks. After the peak, albumin production gradually decreases, but around 5 to 6 weeks, there is a time when the decrease in albumin production stops, and at least 2 Over the month, significantly higher albumin production was seen compared to the conventional medium.
- Figures 1 and 2 show typical examples of the measurement results. Although there were differences in the absolute values of the concentrations in the two cases, similar results were obtained for the time course of albumin production.
- BrdU (5-bromo-2'-doxydiridine) (Sigma) was added to cells cultured on 35 thigh culture dishes to a final concentration of 40 ⁇ M, and after 48 hours, fixed with 100% ethanol. Stored in ethanol at -20 ° C until use. At the time of measurement, the DNA double-strand was unbound with 2N HC1, blocking endogenous peroxidase, blocking with skim milk, ABC method using mouse monoclonal anti-BrdU antibody (Amersham DAK0) Stained. Cells having BrdU (+) nuclei were counted as positive cells, and the number of positive cells for a total of 1,000 cells was expressed as a percentage (%) and recorded as a BrdU labeling index.
- a culture solution containing human serum (culture solution A) and a culture solution containing pepsin serum (culture solution B) having the following compositions were prepared.
- Antibiotic culture solution B KSFM + 10% ⁇ fetal serum
- the secretion level gradually increased for 2 weeks after the start of the culture, and gradually decreased thereafter.
- the amount of secretion in the system using fetal bovine serum gradually decreased from immediately after the start of culture, and fell below the measurement limit in 4 to 5 weeks.
- normal human mature hepatocytes can be proliferated and / or maintained for a long period of time while maintaining their functions, and cultured while maintaining hepatocyte functions for at least 2 months. be able to.
- normal human mature hepatocytes that maintain liver function can be prepared in large quantities and can be maintained for a long period of time. It can be used for research on viruses and production of human hepatocyte-derived proteins that are difficult to produce with microorganisms.
- the normal human mature hepatocytes grown and / or maintained in large amounts using the culture solution of the present invention can be effectively used for liver transplantation or production of artificial liver.
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JP2002529470A JPWO2002024875A1 (ja) | 2000-09-22 | 2001-09-20 | 正常ヒト成熟肝細胞用培養液 |
AU2001288072A AU2001288072A1 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2001-09-20 | Culture liquor for normal human matured liver cells |
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Cited By (2)
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JP2006050943A (ja) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-23 | Olympus Corp | 培地、間葉系幹細胞の培養方法および肝細胞増殖因子の使用方法 |
JPWO2016010165A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-16 | 2017-04-27 | Heartseed株式会社 | 新規未分化幹細胞除去および心筋純化精製培地 |
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JPH10179148A (ja) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-07 | Kagaku Gijutsu Shinko Jigyodan | ヒト小型肝細胞の取得方法と、この細胞の初代培養 および継代培養方法 |
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JPH10179148A (ja) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-07 | Kagaku Gijutsu Shinko Jigyodan | ヒト小型肝細胞の取得方法と、この細胞の初代培養 および継代培養方法 |
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NIPPON SEIKAGAKKAI: "Shin-seikagaku jikken kouta 18", 20 October 1990, SAIBOU BAIYOU GIJUTSU, TOKYO KAGAKU DOUJIN, XP002949797 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2006050943A (ja) * | 2004-08-11 | 2006-02-23 | Olympus Corp | 培地、間葉系幹細胞の培養方法および肝細胞増殖因子の使用方法 |
JP4624033B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-11 | 2011-02-02 | オリンパス株式会社 | 間葉系幹細胞の培養方法および肝細胞増殖因子の使用方法 |
JPWO2016010165A1 (ja) * | 2014-07-16 | 2017-04-27 | Heartseed株式会社 | 新規未分化幹細胞除去および心筋純化精製培地 |
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AU2001288072A1 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
JPWO2002024875A1 (ja) | 2004-01-29 |
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