WO2002021947A1 - Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco - Google Patents

Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002021947A1
WO2002021947A1 PCT/EP2001/010498 EP0110498W WO0221947A1 WO 2002021947 A1 WO2002021947 A1 WO 2002021947A1 EP 0110498 W EP0110498 W EP 0110498W WO 0221947 A1 WO0221947 A1 WO 0221947A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tobacco
thermal aftertreatment
transfer medium
permanent
carried out
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2001/010498
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Holger Fleischhauer
Jürgen Klischat
Bernd Mülke
Thomas Pienemann
Original Assignee
Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to KR1020037003734A priority Critical patent/KR100737125B1/en
Priority to DE50102346T priority patent/DE50102346D1/en
Priority to EP01984623A priority patent/EP1317191B1/en
Priority to JP2002526213A priority patent/JP3851269B2/en
Priority to AU2353702A priority patent/AU2353702A/en
Priority to NZ525211A priority patent/NZ525211A/en
Priority to AU2002223537A priority patent/AU2002223537B2/en
Priority to CA2420296A priority patent/CA2420296C/en
Application filed by Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh filed Critical Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh
Priority to SK380-2003A priority patent/SK286572B6/en
Priority to SI200130156T priority patent/SI1317191T1/en
Priority to US10/380,722 priority patent/US20040074506A1/en
Priority to AT01984623T priority patent/ATE266950T1/en
Priority to HU0302165A priority patent/HU227960B1/en
Priority to PL360879A priority patent/PL202134B1/en
Priority to UA2003043343A priority patent/UA73010C2/en
Publication of WO2002021947A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002021947A1/en
Priority to HK04103593A priority patent/HK1060498A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
    • A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
    • A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
    • A24B3/182—Puffing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for improving the fillability of tobacco according to the preamble main claim.
  • tobacco for example in the form of cut tobacco leaves or ribs, with an initial moisture content of up to about 30% by weight is subjected to a continuous or step-like compression with a treatment gas consisting of nitrogen and / or argon at pressures of 50 to 1,000 bar, which is followed by a continuous or step-like decoration.
  • the compression and decompression steps take place either in one autoclave or in cascade-like switching in several autoclaves.
  • the discharged tobacco material is then subjected to a thermal aftertreatment in which the tobacco swells and thus increases the filling capacity of the tobacco.
  • DE 31 19 330 AI describes such an expansion method with im
  • DE 34 14 625 C2 and DE 39 35 774 C2 disclose cascade processes in which, by cooling the treatment gas before charging the reactor, by cooling the autoclave or by using a supercooled and liquefied treatment gas, a low working temperature is achieved when impregnating the tobacco becomes.
  • the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with water vapor with a density of 0.5 to 10 kg / m 3 , preferably saturated steam, or with hot air of up to 440 ° C.
  • a method for treating tobacco with carbon dioxide at pressures of approximately 30 bar is known from EP 484 899 B1, in which the thermal aftertreatment involves feeding the tobacco into high-temperature steam or into a gas containing 50 to 95% by volume of water vapor
  • the tobacco is heated in the flowing medium at 200 to 350 ° C., water or steam having a lower temperature downstream of the tobacco feed point being used to lower the temperature of the flowing medium.
  • the tobacco dried here by means of heat-transferring flowing media to a moisture content of about 2 to 3% by weight is then set back to its normal moisture content.
  • the tobacco Since the formation of dry ice occurs during the pressure treatment of the tobacco with carbon dioxide after decompression, the tobacco must be heated quickly for the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco despite the high evaporation enthalpy of the dry ice, which leads to a strong thermal and / or mechanical load on the tobacco.
  • the tobaccos treated with nitrogen and / or argon require a much lower energy requirement for the desorption of the gases taken up and the associated expansion of the tobacco than the tobacco treated with CO 2 , so that the INCOM - In contrast to the C0 2 process, no taste impairments occur.
  • the thermal aftertreatment of tobacco treated with nitrogen and / or argon the. Condensation of water vapor on the cold tobacco transfers heat and, in the further course of the thermal aftertreatment, the desired moisture content of the expanded tobacco is achieved by drying.
  • the invention is based on the object of carrying out the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco treated with nitrogen and / or argon in the INCOM process in such a way that a uniform product quality is achieved with optimum filling capacity.
  • a method is therefore proposed according to the preamble of the main claim, which is characterized in that the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with a flowing heat-transfer medium made from a mixture of permanent gases and superheated steam, the proportion of permanent gas being constant at a value in the range of 10 to 60 vol .-% is kept.
  • permanent gas is understood to mean any gas which, together with water vapor during drying can be used, such as air, optionally mixed with nitrogen and / or argon or other inert gases.
  • Air is preferably used essentially as the permanent gas, the regulation of the air proportion being carried out indirectly by measuring the oxygen content.
  • the air portion of the flowing heat transfer medium is preferably 20 to 50% by volume and in particular 25 to 40% by volume.
  • the temperature of the heat transfer medium should be 120 to 300 ° C, and the tobacco moisture of the pressure-treated tobacco should be before the thermal
  • After-treatment amount to 8 to 25 wt .-%. It is also expedient if the tobacco moisture after the thermal aftertreatment is 8 to 15% by weight.
  • the procedure is such that during the thermal aftertreatment, the supply of superheated steam takes place in a closed system according to the known principle of current drying, in which the permanent gas is fed in downstream of the superheated steam feed in the region of the discharge of the heat-treated tobacco and after cooling the expanded tobacco and discharging the same, it is then circulated in a closed circuit by regulating the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas with further steam.
  • the permanent gas is fed in downstream of the superheated steam feed in the region of the discharge of the heat-treated tobacco and after cooling the expanded tobacco and discharging the same, it is then circulated in a closed circuit by regulating the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas with further steam.
  • the dependency of the filling capacity on the permanent gas content in the heat transfer medium is demonstrated on the basis of the following exemplary embodiment.
  • the amount of permanent gas required to achieve optimal filling capacity in each individual case depends on the type and moisture of the tobacco material used and on the equipment conditions. example
  • Tobacco treated according to the INCOM process with a current dryer according to FIG. 1 was post-treated thermally as follows.
  • the volume flow of the registered tobacco was 1250 kg / h
  • the volume flow of the circulating heat transfer medium from superheated steam and air was 7315 m 3 / h.
  • the proportion of steam and permanent gas that can be derived from the measurement of the oxygen content was determined with constant heater output in accordance with a gradation of the oxygen content of 1.3, 7.5 and 15% by volume, corresponding to a permanent gas proportion of 6.5, 37 and 75 Vol .-% and an associated opposite change in the flow temperature measured before the tobacco entry varies in the range from 185 to 165 ° C.
  • the filling capacity of the discharged and conditioned tobacco was determined using a Borgwaldt densimeter and the specific volume was converted into ml / g at a nominal moisture of 12% by weight and a nominal temperature of 22 ° C.
  • the relative improvement in filling capacity was calculated from the data from the basic test without permanent gas and the expanded pattern with heat-transfer media from steam and permanent gas:
  • the diagram shows the dependency of the filling capacity of the expanded tobacco on the measured quantity of the oxygen content in the heat transfer medium and the possibility to be able to set optimal process conditions with the help of this measured quantity.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco, such as cut tobacco leaves or ribs, by treating the tobacco material comprising up to approximately 30 wt. % initial humidity with a treatment gas consisting of nitrogen and/or argon, at pressures of between 50 and 1000 bars, during continuous or graduated compression followed by continuous or graduated decompression. The compression and decompression is carried out either in an autoclave or in several autoclaves arranged in the form of a cascade. The invention is characterised in that the thermal aftertreatment of the extracted tobacco material is carried out by means of a flowing, heat-transferring medium consisting of a mixture of permanent gases and superheated steam, the proportion of permanent gas being kept constant at a value between 10 and 60 vol. %.

Description

Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak Process for improving the fillability of tobacco
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak gemäß Oberbegriff Hauptanspruch.The present invention relates to a method for improving the fillability of tobacco according to the preamble main claim.
Zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak haben sich dieTo improve the filling capacity of tobacco
INCOM-Blähverfahren nach beispielsweise DE 31 19 330 AI,INCOM expansion process according to DE 31 19 330 AI, for example,
DE 34 14 625 C2 und DE 39 35 774 C2 durchgesetzt. Bei diesen Verfahren wird Tabak, etwa in Form geschnittener Tabakblätter oder -rippen, mit einer Ausgangsfeuchte bis zu etwa 30 Gew.-% mit einem aus Stickstoff und/oder Argon bestehenden Behandlungsgas bei Drücken von 50 bis 1.000 bar einer kontinuierlichen oder stufenartigen Kompression ausgesetzt, worauf sich eine kontinuierliche oder stufenartige Deko pression anschließt. Die Kompressions- und Dekompressionsschritte erfolgen entweder in einem Autoklaven oder bei kaskadenartiger Schaltung in mehreren Autoklaven. Anschließend wird das ausgetragene Tabakmaterial einer thermischen Nachbehandlung unterworfen, bei welcher sich der Tabak aufbläht und somit die Füllfähigkeit des Tabaks erhöht.DE 34 14 625 C2 and DE 39 35 774 C2 enforced. In these processes, tobacco, for example in the form of cut tobacco leaves or ribs, with an initial moisture content of up to about 30% by weight is subjected to a continuous or step-like compression with a treatment gas consisting of nitrogen and / or argon at pressures of 50 to 1,000 bar, which is followed by a continuous or step-like decoration. The compression and decompression steps take place either in one autoclave or in cascade-like switching in several autoclaves. The discharged tobacco material is then subjected to a thermal aftertreatment in which the tobacco swells and thus increases the filling capacity of the tobacco.
Diese INCOM-Verfahren haben sich gegenüber den Druckbehandlungsverfahren von Tabak mit Kohlendioxid, Ammoniak oder flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen als vorteilhaft erwiesen, da bei letzteren eine unerwünschte Herauslösung von Aromastoffen oder Nikotin aus dem Tabakmaterial in Kauf genommen werden muss bzw. Reste von Gasen im Tabakmaterial geschmacklich stören oder weil letztlich bei Verwendung von Kohlendioxid die Entfernung von dem sich bei Dekompression bildenden Trockeneis zu energieaufwendig ist.These INCOM processes have proven to be advantageous compared to the pressure treatment processes for tobacco with carbon dioxide, ammonia or volatile organic compounds, since in the latter an undesirable removal of aroma substances or nicotine from the tobacco material has to be accepted or residues of gases in the tobacco material disturb the taste or because ultimately, when using carbon dioxide, the removal of the dry ice that forms during decompression is too energy-intensive.
Hinsichtlich der erwähnten INCOM-Verfahren beschreibt die DE 31 19 330 AI ein derartiges Blähverfahren mit imWith regard to the INCOM method mentioned, DE 31 19 330 AI describes such an expansion method with im
Autoklaven vorherrschenden Arbeitstemperaturen von 0 bisAutoclaves prevailing working temperatures from 0 to
- l - 50 °C, wobei man zur Erhöhung der Füllfähigkeit oder des Blähgrades den Einsatz eines Tabakmaterials mit einer Feuchte von bis zu 15 Gew.-% und eine Nachbehandlung mit Wasserdampf vorsieht. Ferner offenbaren die DE 34 14 625 C2 und DE 39 35 774 C2 Kaskadenverfahren, bei denen durch Kühlung des Behandlungsgases vor der Beaufschlagung des Reaktors, durch Kühlung des Autoklaven oder durch Einsatz eines unterkühlten und verflüssigten Behandlungsgases eine niedrige Arbeitstemperatur bei der , Imprägnierung des Tabaks bewirkt wird. l - l - 50 ° C, whereby to increase the filling capacity or the degree of expansion, the use of a tobacco material with a moisture content of up to 15% by weight and an aftertreatment with steam is provided. Furthermore, DE 34 14 625 C2 and DE 39 35 774 C2 disclose cascade processes in which, by cooling the treatment gas before charging the reactor, by cooling the autoclave or by using a supercooled and liquefied treatment gas, a low working temperature is achieved when impregnating the tobacco becomes. l
Bei diesen bekannten Verfahren erfolgt die thermische Nachbehandlung mit Wasserdampf einer Dichte von 0,5 bis 10 kg/m3, vorzugsweise Sattdampf, oder mit Heißluft von bis zu 440 °C.In these known processes, the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with water vapor with a density of 0.5 to 10 kg / m 3 , preferably saturated steam, or with hot air of up to 440 ° C.
Es ist zwar aus der EP 484 899 Bl ein Verfahren zur Behandlung des Tabaks mit Kohlendioxid bei Drücken von etwa 30 bar bekannt, bei dem die thermische Nachbehandlung durch Einspeisen des Tabaks in Hochtemperaturdampf oder in ein 50 bis 95 Vol.-% Wasserdampf enthaltendes Gas bei Erwärmung des Tabaks im strömenden Medium bei 200 bis 350 °C erfolgt, wobei •Wasser oder Dampf mit einer niedrigeren Temperatur stromabwärts der Tabakeinspeisungsstelle zur ' Temperaturabsenkung des strömenden Mediums eingesetzt wird. Der hierbei mittels wärmeübertragender strömender Medien auf eine Feuchte von etwa 2 bis 3 Gew.-% abgetrocknete Tabak wird dann wieder auf seine Normalfeuchte eingestellt. Da bei der Druckbehandlung des Tabaks mit Kohlendioxid nach der Dekompression die Bildung von Trockeneis auftritt, muss zur thermischen Nachbehandlung des Tabaks die Erwärmung des Tabaks trotz der hohen Verdampfungsenthalpie des Trockeneises rasch erfolgen, was zu einer starken thermischen und/oder mechanischen Belastung des Tabaks führt . Bei dem der vorliegenden Erfindung zu Grunde liegenden INCOM- Verfahren benötigen die mit Stickstoff und/oder Argon behandelten Tabake einen sehr viel geringeren Energiebedarf zur Desorption der aufgenommenen Gase und der damit verbundenen Expansion des Tabaks als die mit C02 behandelten Tabake, so daß beim INCOM-Verfahren im Gegensatz zum C02- Verfahren keine geschmacklichen Beeinträchtigungen auftreten. Ferner wird bei der- thermischen Nachbehandlung von mit Stickstoff und/oder Argon behandeltem Tabak durch die. Kondensation von Wasserdampf auf dem kalten Tabak Wärme übertragen und im weiteren Verlauf der thermischen Nachbehandlung durch Abtrocknung der gewünschte Feuchtegehalt des expandierten Tabaks erzielt.A method for treating tobacco with carbon dioxide at pressures of approximately 30 bar is known from EP 484 899 B1, in which the thermal aftertreatment involves feeding the tobacco into high-temperature steam or into a gas containing 50 to 95% by volume of water vapor The tobacco is heated in the flowing medium at 200 to 350 ° C., water or steam having a lower temperature downstream of the tobacco feed point being used to lower the temperature of the flowing medium. The tobacco dried here by means of heat-transferring flowing media to a moisture content of about 2 to 3% by weight is then set back to its normal moisture content. Since the formation of dry ice occurs during the pressure treatment of the tobacco with carbon dioxide after decompression, the tobacco must be heated quickly for the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco despite the high evaporation enthalpy of the dry ice, which leads to a strong thermal and / or mechanical load on the tobacco. In the INCOM method on which the present invention is based, the tobaccos treated with nitrogen and / or argon require a much lower energy requirement for the desorption of the gases taken up and the associated expansion of the tobacco than the tobacco treated with CO 2 , so that the INCOM - In contrast to the C0 2 process, no taste impairments occur. Furthermore, in the thermal aftertreatment of tobacco treated with nitrogen and / or argon, the. Condensation of water vapor on the cold tobacco transfers heat and, in the further course of the thermal aftertreatment, the desired moisture content of the expanded tobacco is achieved by drying.
Gleichwohl besteht auch beim INCOM-Verfahren die Gefahr des Überfeuchtens oder Überwärmen des Tabaks mit der Folge von Füllfähigkeitsverlusten durch Kollabieren der expandierten Zellstruktur.Nevertheless, there is also the risk of over-moistening or overheating of the tobacco with the INCOM process, with the consequence of loss of filling capacity due to collapse of the expanded cell structure.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, bei dem INCOM- Verfahren die thermische Nachbehandlung des mit Stickstoff und/oder Argon behandelten Tabaks so durchzuführen, dass eine gleichmäßige Produktgualität mit optimaler Füllfähigkeit erreicht wird. ■ The invention is based on the object of carrying out the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco treated with nitrogen and / or argon in the INCOM process in such a way that a uniform product quality is achieved with optimum filling capacity. ■
Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird daher ein Verfahren gemäß Oberbegriff Hauptanspruch vorgeschlagen, welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die thermische Nachbehandlung mit einem strömenden wärmeübertragenden Medium aus einer Mischung von Permanentgasen und überhitztem Wasserdampf durchgeführt wird, wobei der Anteil von Permanentgas konstant auf einem Wert im Bereich von 10 bis 60 Vol.-% gehalten wird.To solve this problem, a method is therefore proposed according to the preamble of the main claim, which is characterized in that the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with a flowing heat-transfer medium made from a mixture of permanent gases and superheated steam, the proportion of permanent gas being constant at a value in the range of 10 to 60 vol .-% is kept.
Unter Permanentgas wird in diesem Zusammenhang, jedes Gas verstanden, welches zusammen mit Wasserdampf beim Trocknen eingesetzt werden kann, wie Luft, gegebenfalls vermengt mit Stickstoff und/oder Argon oder anderen Inertgasen.In this context, permanent gas is understood to mean any gas which, together with water vapor during drying can be used, such as air, optionally mixed with nitrogen and / or argon or other inert gases.
Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, dass der Anteil an Permanentgas im Gemisch mit überhitztem Wasserdampf ein wesentlicher Parameter ist, um unter den gegebenen Verfahrensbedingungen und insbesondere in einem Stromtrocknungsverfahren optimale Füllfähigkeitswerte zu erzielen.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the proportion of permanent gas in a mixture with superheated steam is an essential parameter in order to achieve optimum filling capacity values under the given process conditions and in particular in a current drying process.
Vorzugsweise wird als Permanentgas im wesentlichen Luft verwendet, wobei die Regelung des Luftanteils indirekt mittels einer Messung des Sauersto fgehaltes erfolgt. Der Luftanteil des strömenden wärmeübertragenden Mediums beträgt vorzugsweise 20 bis 50 Vol.-% und insbesondere 25 bis 40 Vol.-%.Air is preferably used essentially as the permanent gas, the regulation of the air proportion being carried out indirectly by measuring the oxygen content. The air portion of the flowing heat transfer medium is preferably 20 to 50% by volume and in particular 25 to 40% by volume.
Vorzugsweise soll die Temperatur des wärmeübertragenden Mediums bei 120 bis 300 °C liegen, und die Tabakfeuchte des druckbehandelten Tabaks soll vor der thermischenPreferably, the temperature of the heat transfer medium should be 120 to 300 ° C, and the tobacco moisture of the pressure-treated tobacco should be before the thermal
Nachbehandlung 8 bis 25 Gew.-% betragen. Ferner ist es zweckmäßig, wenn die Tabakfeuchte nach der thermischen Nachbehandlung 8 bis 15 Gew.-% beträgt.After-treatment amount to 8 to 25 wt .-%. It is also expedient if the tobacco moisture after the thermal aftertreatment is 8 to 15% by weight.
Bei einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird so vorgegangen, dass bei der thermischen Nachbehandlung die Zuführung von Heißdampf in einem geschlossenen System nach dem bekannten Prinzip der Stromtrocknung erfolgt, bei welchem das Permanentgas stromabwärts von der Heißdampfeinspeisung im Bereich der Ausschleusung des wärmebehandelten Tabaks eingespeist wird und nach Abkühlung des expandierten Tabaks und Austragung desselben anschließend unter Regelung der Konstanz des Anteils an Permantgas mit weiterem Wasserdampf, im geschlossenen Kreislauf zirkuliert wird. Hierbei wird insbesondere eine schnelle Senkung der Tabaktemperatur und damit die Fixierung der Füllfähigkeit erreicht.In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the procedure is such that during the thermal aftertreatment, the supply of superheated steam takes place in a closed system according to the known principle of current drying, in which the permanent gas is fed in downstream of the superheated steam feed in the region of the discharge of the heat-treated tobacco and after cooling the expanded tobacco and discharging the same, it is then circulated in a closed circuit by regulating the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas with further steam. Here will in particular a rapid reduction in the tobacco temperature and thus the fixation of the filling capacity.
Im folgenden wird unter Bezugnahme auf die in Fig. 1 wiedergegebene schematische Darstellung eine bevorzugte Verfahrensführung mittels eines üblichen Stromtrockners erläutert, wobei Luft als Permanentgas verwendet und dessen Anteil indirekt über eine Sauerstoffmessung bestimmt wurde.A preferred method of operation using a conventional current dryer is explained below with reference to the schematic illustration shown in FIG. 1, air being used as the permanent gas and the proportion thereof being determined indirectly by means of an oxygen measurement.
Je nach lokaler Druckdifferenz zwischen dem im Kreislauf geführten wärmeübertragenden Medium und der Umgebung werden im Bereich der Eintrags- (1) und Austragsschleusen (2) Außenluft angesogen und Brüden über eine Brüdenklappe (3) ausgestoßen. Die Einspeisung des überhitzten Dampfes erfolgt über ein Dampf entil (4) . Mit einer Sonde (5) wurde die Messung des Sauerstoffgehalts im wärmeübertragenden Medium durchgeführt. Durch Regelung des Dampfventils (4) sowie der Brüdenklappe (3) kann der gewünschte Sauerstoffgehalt und somit ein konstantes Verhältnis von Permanentgas zu überhitztem Dampf eingestellt werden.Depending on the local pressure difference between the circulating heat transfer medium and the environment, outside air is drawn in in the area of the entry (1) and discharge locks (2) and vapors are expelled via a vapor flap (3). The superheated steam is fed in via a steam valve (4). The measurement of the oxygen content in the heat transfer medium was carried out with a probe (5). The desired oxygen content and thus a constant ratio of permanent gas to superheated steam can be set by regulating the steam valve (4) and the vapor flap (3).
Anhand des folgenden Ausführungsbeispiels wird die Abhängigkeit der Füllfähigkeit vom Permanentgasanteil im wärmeübertragenden Medium demonstriert. Der im jeweiligen Einzelfall zur Erzielung einer optimalen Füllfähigkeit notwendige Permanentgasanteil hängt ab von Art und der Feuchte des eingesetzten Tabakmaterials sowie von den apparativen Randbedingungen. BeispielThe dependency of the filling capacity on the permanent gas content in the heat transfer medium is demonstrated on the basis of the following exemplary embodiment. The amount of permanent gas required to achieve optimal filling capacity in each individual case depends on the type and moisture of the tobacco material used and on the equipment conditions. example
Es wurden mit einem Stromtrockner gemäß Fig. 1 nach dem INCOM-Verfahren behandelte Tabake thermisch wie folgt nachbehandelt. Der Mengenstrom des eingetragenen Tabaks betrug 1250 kg/h, der Volumenstrom des zirkulierenden wärmeübertragenden Mediums aus überhitzten Dampf und Luft 7315 m3/h. Der über die Messung des Sauerstoffgehaltes ableitbare Anteil von Dampf und Permanentgas wurde mit konstanter Leistung des Heizers entsprechend einer Abstufung des Sauerstoffgehaltes von 1,3, 7,5 und 15 Vol.-% entsprechend einem Permanentgasanteil von 6,5 bzw. 37 bzw. 75 Vol.-% und einer damit verbundenen gegenläufigen Änderung der vor dem Tabakeintrag gemessenen Vorlauftemperatur im Bereich von 185 bis 165 °C variiert.Tobacco treated according to the INCOM process with a current dryer according to FIG. 1 was post-treated thermally as follows. The volume flow of the registered tobacco was 1250 kg / h, the volume flow of the circulating heat transfer medium from superheated steam and air was 7315 m 3 / h. The proportion of steam and permanent gas that can be derived from the measurement of the oxygen content was determined with constant heater output in accordance with a gradation of the oxygen content of 1.3, 7.5 and 15% by volume, corresponding to a permanent gas proportion of 6.5, 37 and 75 Vol .-% and an associated opposite change in the flow temperature measured before the tobacco entry varies in the range from 185 to 165 ° C.
Die Füllfähigkeit des ausgetragenen und konditionierten Tabaks wurde wurde mit einem Borgwaldt-Densimeter bestimmt und das spezifische Volumen in ml/g bei einer Sollfeuchte von 12 Gew.-% und einer Solltemperatur von 22 °C umgerechnet. Aus den Daten des Basisversuches ohne Permanentgas und der expandierten Muster mit wärmeübertragenden Medien aus Dampf und Permanentgas errechnete sich die relative Füllfähigkeitsverbesserung nach:The filling capacity of the discharged and conditioned tobacco was determined using a Borgwaldt densimeter and the specific volume was converted into ml / g at a nominal moisture of 12% by weight and a nominal temperature of 22 ° C. The relative improvement in filling capacity was calculated from the data from the basic test without permanent gas and the expanded pattern with heat-transfer media from steam and permanent gas:
Δ % = (FE-FB) * 100 % / FB Δ% = (F E -F B ) * 100% / F B
(FB= Füllfähigkeit Basisversuch Dampf ohne Permanentgas, FE= Füllfähigkeit expandiert Dampf mit Permanentgas)(F B = filling capacity of the basic test steam without permanent gas, F E = filling capacity of steam expanded with permanent gas)
Das Diagramm zeigt die Abhängigkeit der Füllfähigkeit des expandierten Tabaks von der Messgröße des Sauerstoffgehaltes im wärmeübertragenden Medium und die Möglichkeit mit Hilfe dieser Messgröße optimale Verfahrensbedingungen einstellen zu können . The diagram shows the dependency of the filling capacity of the expanded tobacco on the measured quantity of the oxygen content in the heat transfer medium and the possibility to be able to set optimal process conditions with the help of this measured quantity.

Claims

Pa entansprüche Pa claims
1. Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Füllfähigkeit von Tabak, wie geschnittenen Tabakblättern oder -rippen, durch Behandlung des bis etwa 30 Gew.-% Ausgangsfeuchte aufweisenden Tabakmaterials mit einem aus Stickstoff und/oder Argon bestehenden Behandlungsgas bei Drücken von 50 bis 1.000 bar bei kontinuierlicher oder stufenartiger Kompression gefolgt von einer kontiniuierlichen oder stufenartigen Dekompression, wobei die Kompressions- und Dekompressionsschritte in entweder einem Autoklaven oder bei kaskadenartiger Schaltung in mehreren Autoklaven erfolgen, und durch anschließende thermische Nachbehandlung des ausgetragenen Tabakmaterials, dadurch gekennzeichnet , dass die thermische Nachbehandlung mit einem strömenden wärmeübertragenden Medium aus einer Mischung von Permanentgasen und überhitztem Wasserdampf durchgeführt wird, wobei der Anteil von Permanentgas konstant auf einen Wert im Bereich von 10 bis 60 Vol.-% gehalten wird.1. A method for improving the fillability of tobacco, such as cut tobacco leaves or ribs, by treating the tobacco material having up to about 30% by weight of starting moisture with a treatment gas consisting of nitrogen and / or argon at pressures of 50 to 1,000 bar at continuous or step-like compression followed by a continuous or step-like decompression, the compression and decompression steps taking place in either an autoclave or, in the case of cascade-like switching, in several autoclaves, and by subsequent thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco material discharged, characterized in that the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with a flowing heat-transfer medium is carried out from a mixture of permanent gases and superheated steam, the proportion of permanent gas being kept constant at a value in the range from 10 to 60% by volume.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Permanentgas im wesentlichen Luft verwendet wird, und die Regelung des Luftanteils mittels einer Messung des Sauerstoffgehaltes erfolgt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that essentially air is used as the permanent gas, and the regulation of the air fraction is carried out by measuring the oxygen content.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch kekennzeichnet, dass der Luftanteil des strömenden wärmeübertragenden Mediums 20 bis 50 Vol.-% beträgt.3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the air portion of the flowing heat transfer medium is 20 to 50 vol .-%.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Luftanteil des strömenden wärmeübertragenden Mediums 25 bis 40 Vol. -% beträgt. A method according to claim 2, characterized in that the air portion of the flowing heat transfer medium is 25 to 40 vol.%.
5. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass- die Temperatur des wärmeübertragenden Mediums 120 bis 300 °C beträgt.5. The method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that - the temperature of the heat transfer medium is 120 to 300 ° C.
6. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 , dadurch ■ gekennzeichnet, dass die Tabakfeuchte des druckbehandelten Tabaks vor der thermischen Nachbehandlung 8 bis 25 Gew.-% beträgt.6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in ■ that the tobacco moisture of the pressure-treated tobacco before the thermal aftertreatment is 8 to 25 wt .-%.
7. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tabakfeuchte nach der thermischen Nachbehandlung 8 bis 15 Gew.-% beträgt.7. The method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tobacco moisture after the thermal aftertreatment is 8 to 15 wt .-%.
8. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei der thermischen Nachbehandlung die Zuführung von Heißdampf in einem geschlossenen System nach dem Prinzip der Stromtrocknung erfolgt, bei welchem das Permanentgas stromabwärts von der8. The method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the thermal aftertreatment the supply of superheated steam takes place in a closed system according to the principle of current drying, in which the permanent gas downstream of the
Heißdampfeinspeisung im Bereich der Ausschleusüng des wärmebehandelten Tabaks eingespeist wird und nach Abkühlung des expandierten Tabaks und Austragung desselben anschließend unter Regelung der Konstanz des Anteils an Permanentgas mit weiterem Wasserdampf im geschlossenen Kreislauf zirkuliert wird. Superheated steam feed in the area of the discharge of the heat-treated tobacco is fed in and after cooling the expanded tobacco and discharging the same, it is then circulated with further water vapor in a closed circuit while regulating the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas.
PCT/EP2001/010498 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco WO2002021947A1 (en)

Priority Applications (16)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SK380-2003A SK286572B6 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
DE50102346T DE50102346D1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE FILLABILITY OF TOBACCO
SI200130156T SI1317191T1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
AU2353702A AU2353702A (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
NZ525211A NZ525211A (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Thermal after treatment of tobacco treated with N and/or Ar in the INCOM process optimum filling capacity is achieved
AU2002223537A AU2002223537B2 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
CA2420296A CA2420296C (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Process for the improvement of the filling capacity of tobacco
KR1020037003734A KR100737125B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Process for the improvement of the filling capacity of tobacco
EP01984623A EP1317191B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
JP2002526213A JP3851269B2 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Tobacco filling capacity improvement method
US10/380,722 US20040074506A1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
AT01984623T ATE266950T1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE FILLING ABILITY OF TOBACCO
HU0302165A HU227960B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
PL360879A PL202134B1 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-09-11 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco
UA2003043343A UA73010C2 (en) 2000-09-15 2001-11-09 Method of improving the filling capacity of tobacco
HK04103593A HK1060498A1 (en) 2000-09-15 2004-05-20 Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco

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DE10046124A DE10046124C1 (en) 2000-09-15 2000-09-15 Process for improving the fillability of tobacco

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WO2004002245A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-08 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Method for improving the loading capacity of tobacco
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
RU2452342C1 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-06-10 Олег Иванович Квасенков Method for production of non-smoking products of rustic tobacco
CN103517646A (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-01-15 日本烟草产业株式会社 Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2692247A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-02-05 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2870885A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-13 Philip Morris Products S.A. Method and apparatus for expanding a starch containing product
CN106031525A (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-10-19 北京航天试验技术研究所 Cut tobacco expansion technology which can reduce medium loss

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EP2745716A1 (en) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 Philip Morris Products S.A. Method and Apparatus for Expanding a Product Containing Starch
CN104207322B (en) * 2013-06-04 2016-08-31 姚波 A kind of process technique of expanded cabo
CN103767056B (en) * 2014-02-21 2015-07-15 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 Online expanding and drying device of cut tobacco
CN104720092A (en) * 2015-03-13 2015-06-24 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 Temperature and humidity regulation and control method for cut tobacco cooling air and application of cut tobacco cooling air
CN109090686B (en) * 2018-09-14 2021-06-04 厦门烟草工业有限责任公司 Tobacco processing system and processing method
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CN112841696A (en) * 2020-12-26 2021-05-28 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 Method for improving blending precision of tobacco materials

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WO2004002245A1 (en) * 2002-07-01 2004-01-08 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Method for improving the loading capacity of tobacco
CN100342804C (en) * 2002-07-01 2007-10-17 里姆斯马卷烟厂股份有限公司 Method for improving the loading capacity of tobacco
US7445011B2 (en) 2002-07-01 2008-11-04 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh Method for improving the loading capacity of tobacco
US7556047B2 (en) * 2003-03-20 2009-07-07 R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company Method of expanding tobacco using steam
RU2452342C1 (en) * 2011-02-18 2012-06-10 Олег Иванович Квасенков Method for production of non-smoking products of rustic tobacco
CN103517646A (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-01-15 日本烟草产业株式会社 Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2692247A1 (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-02-05 Japan Tobacco, Inc. Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2692247A4 (en) * 2011-03-31 2014-11-12 Japan Tobacco Inc Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2692246A4 (en) * 2011-03-31 2015-06-17 Japan Tobacco Inc Tobacco material expansion method and device
EP2870885A1 (en) * 2013-11-08 2015-05-13 Philip Morris Products S.A. Method and apparatus for expanding a starch containing product
CN106031525A (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-10-19 北京航天试验技术研究所 Cut tobacco expansion technology which can reduce medium loss

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DE10046124C1 (en) 2002-07-04
ES2218463T3 (en) 2004-11-16
TR200401158T4 (en) 2004-07-21
US20040074506A1 (en) 2004-04-22
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PL202134B1 (en) 2009-06-30
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