AU2002223537B2 - Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco - Google Patents
Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2002223537B2 AU2002223537B2 AU2002223537A AU2002223537A AU2002223537B2 AU 2002223537 B2 AU2002223537 B2 AU 2002223537B2 AU 2002223537 A AU2002223537 A AU 2002223537A AU 2002223537 A AU2002223537 A AU 2002223537A AU 2002223537 B2 AU2002223537 B2 AU 2002223537B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- tobacco
- process according
- heat
- proportion
- permanent gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
- A24B3/182—Puffing
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Description
PCIEP0i110498 Process for the irnprovement of the filling capacity of tobacco The present invention relates to a process for the improvement of the filling capacity of tobacco according to the preamble of the main claim.
To improve the filling capacity of tobacco, the INCOM swelling processes according to for example DE 31 19 330 Al, DE 34 14 625 C2 and DE 39 35 774 C2 have proved successful. In these processes, tobacco, say in the form of shredded tobacco leaves or ribs, with an initial moisture of up to approx. 30 wt. is subjected to a continuous or stepped compression with a treatment gas composed of nitrogen and/or argon at pressures of SO to 1,000 bar, followed by a continuous or stepped decompression. The compression and decompression steps take place either in one autoclave or in cascade-type sequence in several autoclaves. The discharged tobacco material *is then subjected to a thermal aftertreatment in which the tobacco- swells and the filling capacity of the tobacco thus increases.
These INCOM processes have proved advantageous compared with the pressure-treatment processes of tobacco with carbon dioxide, ammonia or volatile organic compounds, as with the latter an undesired dissolving of aromas or nicotine from out of the tobacco material must be accepted, or residues of gases in the tobacco material interfere with the taste or because ultimately, when using carbon dioxide, the removal of the dry ice which forms upon decompression is too energy-consuming.
'With regard to the INCOM processes mentioned, DE 31 19 330 describes such an expansion process with working temperatures prevailing in the autoclave of 0 to 50 0 C, with provision for the use of a tobacco material with a moisture of up to 15 wt.and an at tertreatment with water vapour to increase the filling capacity or degree of swelling. Furthermore, DE 34 14 625 C2 and DE 39 35 774 C2 disclose cascade processes in which a 2 low working temperature during the impregnation of the tobacco is effected by cooling the treatment gas before loading the reactor, by cooling the autoclave or by using a supercooled and liquefied treatment gas.
With these known processes, the thermal aftertreatment is carried out with water vapour of a density of 0.5 to 10 kg/m 3 preferably saturated steam, or with hot air of up to 440 0
C.
Although a process for the treatment of tobacco with carbon dioxide at pressures of approx. 30 bar is known from EP 484 899 B1, in which the thermal aftertreatment takes place by feeding the tobacco into high-temperature steam or into a gas containing 50 to 95 vol.-% water vapour upon heating of the tobacco in the flowing medium at 200 to 350 0 C, water or steam with a lower temperature downstream from the tobacco feeding point being used to reduce the temperature of the flowing medium. The tobacco dried to a moisture of approx. 2 to 3 wt.by means of heat-transferring flowing media is then reset to its normal moisture. As dry ice forms upon the pressure treatment of the tobacco with carbon dioxide after the decompression, the tobacco must be heated rapidly for the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco despite the high evaporation enthalpy of the dry ice, which leads to a considerable thermal, and/or mechanical stress of the tobacco.
In the case of the INCOM process on which the present invention is based, the tobaccos treated with nitrogen and/or argon have a very much lower energy requirement for the desorption of the absorbed gases and the associated swelling of the tobacco than the tobaccos treated with Co 2 so that in the case of the INCOM process, in contrast to the CO 2 process, no adverse effects on taste occur. Furthermore, in the case of the thermal aftertreatment of tobacco treated with nitrogen and/or argon, heat is transferred by the condensation of water vapour on the cold tobacco and in the further course of the it -3thermal aftertreatment the desired moisture content of the expanded tobacco is achieved by drying.
Nevertheless, also with the INCOM process there exists the danger of over-moistening or overheating the tobacco with the consequence of losses of filling capacity through collapsing of the expanded cell structure.
Disclosure of the Invention The invention is a process for the improvement of the filling capacity of tobacco, such as shredded tobacco leaves or ribs, by treatment of the tobacco material having up to approx. 30 initial moisture with a treatment gas composed of nitrogen and/or argon at pressures of 50 to 1,000 bar under continuous or stepped compression, followed by a continuous or stepped decompression, the compression and decompression steps taking place in either one autoclave or in cascade-like sequence in several autoclaves, and by subsequent thermal aftertreatment of the discharged tobacco material, wherein the thermal aftertreatment is carried out With a flowing heat-transferring medium of a mixture of permanent gases and super-heated water vapour, wherein the proportion of permanent gas is kept constant at a value in the range from 10 to 60 vol.-%.
An advantage of at least one embodiment of the invention is that it is possible to carry out the thermal aftertreatment of the tobacco treated with nitrogen and/or argon in the INCOM process such that a uniform product quality with optimum filling capacity.
By permanent gas is meant in this context any gas which can be used together with water vapour when drying, such as air, optionally mixed with nitrogen and/or argon or other inert gases.
3a Surprisingly, it has been shown that the proportion of permanent gas in the mixture with superheated water vapour is an essential parameter to achieve optimum filling capacity values under the given conditions and in particular in a stream-drying process.
Preferably, air is essentially used as permanent gas, the air proportion being controlled indirectly by means of a measurement of the oxygen content. The air proportion of the flowing heat-transferring medium preferably amounts to to 50 vol.-% and in particular 25 to 40 vol.-%.
-4 Preferably the temperature of the heat-transferring medium is to lie at 120 to 3000C, and the tobacco moisture of the pressure-treated tobacco is to be 8 to 25 before the thermal aftertreatment. Furthermore, it is expedient if the tobacco moisture is 8 to 15 after the thermal aftertreatment.
in a particularly preferred embodiment of the process according to the invention, the procedure is that in the thermal aftertreatment, the hot steam is supplied in a closed system according to the known principle of stream drying in which the permanent gas is fed in downstream from the hot-steam feed in the region of the discharge of the heat-treated tobacco and is then circulated in a closed cycle with more water vapour while controlling the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas after cooling of the expanded tobacco and discharging of same.
In particular, a rapid lowering of the tobacco temperature and thus the fixing of the filling capacity is thereby achieved.
In the following, a preferred process using a customary stream-drier is explained with reference to the schematic diagram reproduced in Fig. 1, wherein air was used as permanent gas and its proportion was determined indirectly via an oxygen measurement.
Depending on local pressure difference between the heat-transferring medium conducted in the cycle and the surroundings, external air is sucked in in the region of the entry and discharge ports and vapours discharged via a vapour flap The feeding-in of the superheated steam takes place via a steam valve The oxygen content in the heat-transferring medium was measured with a probe By control of the steam valve as well as the vapour flap the desired oxygen content and thus a constant ratio of permanent gas to superheated steam can be established.
With reference to the following embodiment, the relationship 5 between filling capacity and the permanent gas proportion in the heat-transferring medium is demonstrated. The permanent gas proportion necessary in each individual case to achieve an optimum filling capacity depends on the type and the moisture of the tobacco material used as well as on the boundary conditions of the apparatus.
Example Tobaccos treated with a stream-drier according to Fig. 1 according to the INCOM process were thermally after-treated as follows. The mass flow of the tobacco introduced was 1250 kg/h, the volume flow of the circulating heat-transferring medium consisting of superheated steam and air 7315 m 3 The proportion of steam and permanent gas deducible via the measurement of the oxygen content was varied, with constant performance of the heater according to a graduation of the oxygen content of 1.3, 7.5 and 15 vol.-% corresponding to a permanent gas proportion of 6.5 or 37 or 75 vol.-% respectively and an associated contrary change of the initial temperature measured before the introduction of tobacco in the range from 185 to 165oC.
The filling capacity of the discharged and conditioned tobacco was determined with a Borgwaldt densimeter and the specific volume converted to ml/g at a nominal moisture of 12 and a nominal temperature of 22 0 C. The relative filling capacity improvement was calculated as follows from the data of the basic experiment without permanent gas and the expanded samples with heat-transferring media of steam and permanent gas: A 100 F, (FB filling capacity, basic experiment, steam without permanent gas, F, filling capacity, expanded, steam with permanent gas) -6- The diagram shows the relationship between the filling capacity of the expanded tobacco and the process variable of the oxygen content in the heat-transferring medium and the possibility of being able to establish optimum process conditions with the help of this process variable.
Claims (7)
- 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein essentially air is used as permanent gas, and the air proportion is controlled by means of a measurement of the oxygen content.
- 3. The process according to claim 2, wherein the air proportion of the flowing heat-transferring medium is to 50 vol.-%.
- 4. The process according to claim 2, wherein the air proportion of the flowing heat-transferring medium is to 40 vol.-%. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the temperature of the heat-transferring medium is 120 to 300 0 C.
- 6. The process according to any one of claims 1 to wherein the tobacco moisture of the pressure-treated 8 tobacco is 8 to 25 prior to the thermal aftertreatment.
- 7. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the tobacco moisture is 8 to 15 after the thermal aftertreatment.
- 8. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein during the thermal aftertreatment, hot steam is supplied in a closed system according to the principle of stream-drying in which permanent gas is fed in downstream from the hot-steam feed in the region of the discharge of heat-treated tobacco and is then circulated in a closed cycle with more water vapour while controlling the constancy of the proportion of permanent gas after cooling of the expanded tobacco and discharging of same.
- 9. A process substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying figures and examples. Dated this twelfth day of January 2006 Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken GmbH Patent Attorneys for the Applicant: F B RICE CO
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10046124.7 | 2000-09-15 | ||
DE10046124A DE10046124C1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2000-09-15 | Process for improving the fillability of tobacco |
PCT/EP2001/010498 WO2002021947A1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2001-09-11 | Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2002223537A1 AU2002223537A1 (en) | 2002-06-13 |
AU2002223537B2 true AU2002223537B2 (en) | 2006-02-23 |
Family
ID=7656639
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2002223537A Expired AU2002223537B2 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2001-09-11 | Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco |
AU2353702A Pending AU2353702A (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2001-09-11 | Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU2353702A Pending AU2353702A (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2001-09-11 | Method for improving the filling capacity of tobacco |
Country Status (24)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20040074506A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1317191B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP3851269B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100737125B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1243490C (en) |
AR (1) | AR030738A1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE266950T1 (en) |
AU (2) | AU2002223537B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG65495B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2420296C (en) |
CZ (1) | CZ294408B6 (en) |
DE (2) | DE10046124C1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2218463T3 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1060498A1 (en) |
HU (1) | HU227960B1 (en) |
MY (1) | MY124910A (en) |
NZ (1) | NZ525211A (en) |
PL (1) | PL202134B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2242148C2 (en) |
SK (1) | SK286572B6 (en) |
TR (1) | TR200401158T4 (en) |
TW (1) | TWI244382B (en) |
UA (1) | UA73010C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2002021947A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10229451A1 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2004-01-15 | Reemtsma Cigarettenfabriken Gmbh | Process for improving the fillability of tobacco |
US7556047B2 (en) * | 2003-03-20 | 2009-07-07 | R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company | Method of expanding tobacco using steam |
CN101773289B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2012-10-31 | 江苏智思机械集团有限公司 | Expansion processing method and device of tobacco stalk |
RU2452342C1 (en) * | 2011-02-18 | 2012-06-10 | Олег Иванович Квасенков | Method for production of non-smoking products of rustic tobacco |
WO2012132008A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | 日本たばこ産業株式会社 | Tobacco material expansion method and device |
EP2692246B1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2018-05-09 | Japan Tobacco, Inc. | Method and apparatus for expanding tobacco material |
EP2745716A1 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-06-25 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Method and Apparatus for Expanding a Product Containing Starch |
CN104207322B (en) * | 2013-06-04 | 2016-08-31 | 姚波 | A kind of process technique of expanded cabo |
EP2870885A1 (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-05-13 | Philip Morris Products S.A. | Method and apparatus for expanding a starch containing product |
CN103767056B (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-07-15 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | Online expanding and drying device of cut tobacco |
CN104720092A (en) * | 2015-03-13 | 2015-06-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Temperature and humidity regulation and control method for cut tobacco cooling air and application of cut tobacco cooling air |
CN106031525A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2016-10-19 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Cut tobacco expansion technology which can reduce medium loss |
CN109090686B (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-06-04 | 厦门烟草工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco processing system and processing method |
CN110959893A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2020-04-07 | 浙江中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco sheet added with functional incense raw materials and heating non-combustion cigarette adopting tobacco sheet |
CN112841696A (en) * | 2020-12-26 | 2021-05-28 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Method for improving blending precision of tobacco materials |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3119330A1 (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-12-02 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg | METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE FILLABILITY OF TOBACCO |
DE3414625A1 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-10-25 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg | Process for improving the filling properties of tobacco |
EP0484899A1 (en) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-13 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method and system for expanding tobacco |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4388932A (en) * | 1980-12-31 | 1983-06-21 | Philip Morris, Incorporated | Process for improving filling power of expanded tobacco |
EP0123116B1 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1988-05-18 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma GmbH & Co | Tobacco filling capacity process |
WO1990006695A1 (en) * | 1988-12-13 | 1990-06-28 | Laszlo Egri | Process and device for expanding tobacco |
DE3935774C2 (en) * | 1989-10-24 | 1996-06-20 | Peter Dr Theissing | Process to improve the temperature profile during the bloating of tobacco |
DE10006425C1 (en) * | 2000-02-14 | 2001-08-16 | Reemtsma H F & Ph | Process for improving the fillability of tobacco |
-
2000
- 2000-09-15 DE DE10046124A patent/DE10046124C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-09-11 AT AT01984623T patent/ATE266950T1/en active
- 2001-09-11 EP EP01984623A patent/EP1317191B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 CZ CZ2003977A patent/CZ294408B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-11 RU RU2003110573/12A patent/RU2242148C2/en active
- 2001-09-11 AU AU2002223537A patent/AU2002223537B2/en not_active Expired
- 2001-09-11 PL PL360879A patent/PL202134B1/en unknown
- 2001-09-11 AU AU2353702A patent/AU2353702A/en active Pending
- 2001-09-11 SK SK380-2003A patent/SK286572B6/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-11 WO PCT/EP2001/010498 patent/WO2002021947A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-11 CN CNB018156541A patent/CN1243490C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 US US10/380,722 patent/US20040074506A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-09-11 CA CA2420296A patent/CA2420296C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 TR TR2004/01158T patent/TR200401158T4/en unknown
- 2001-09-11 JP JP2002526213A patent/JP3851269B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-09-11 NZ NZ525211A patent/NZ525211A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-11 KR KR1020037003734A patent/KR100737125B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2001-09-11 ES ES01984623T patent/ES2218463T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 DE DE50102346T patent/DE50102346D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-09-11 HU HU0302165A patent/HU227960B1/en unknown
- 2001-09-13 MY MYPI20014309 patent/MY124910A/en unknown
- 2001-09-14 TW TW090122923A patent/TWI244382B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2001-09-14 AR ARP010104362A patent/AR030738A1/en unknown
- 2001-11-09 UA UA2003043343A patent/UA73010C2/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-04-14 BG BG107721A patent/BG65495B1/en unknown
-
2004
- 2004-05-20 HK HK04103593A patent/HK1060498A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3119330A1 (en) * | 1981-05-15 | 1982-12-02 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg | METHOD FOR IMPROVING THE FILLABILITY OF TOBACCO |
DE3414625A1 (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1984-10-25 | H.F. & Ph.F. Reemtsma Gmbh & Co, 2000 Hamburg | Process for improving the filling properties of tobacco |
EP0484899A1 (en) * | 1990-11-07 | 1992-05-13 | Japan Tobacco Inc. | Method and system for expanding tobacco |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |