WO2002020165A1 - Enceinte rotative pour la separation de composants du sang ou du plasma - Google Patents
Enceinte rotative pour la separation de composants du sang ou du plasma Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002020165A1 WO2002020165A1 PCT/IB2001/001571 IB0101571W WO0220165A1 WO 2002020165 A1 WO2002020165 A1 WO 2002020165A1 IB 0101571 W IB0101571 W IB 0101571W WO 0220165 A1 WO0220165 A1 WO 0220165A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- channel
- plasma
- separation
- rotation
- blood
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
- B04B5/0442—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation
- B04B2005/045—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers with means for adding or withdrawing liquid substances during the centrifugation, e.g. continuous centrifugation having annular separation channels
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary enclosure for the separation of components of specific masses and / or different sizes from blood or platelet-rich plasma, comprising a channel having a generally concave curvature with respect to the axis of rotation. of this enclosure, along which there is an opening for supplying blood or plasma and at least two openings for the evacuation of said separate components, means for applying a tangential force to blood or plasma to make it circulate from the 'feed opening to the discharge openings and means for driving this enclosure in rotation, in order to apply to the blood or plasma to be separated a radial force to sediment said solid particles against the external lateral wall of said channel.
- the aim of the present invention is to improve the purity of the platelets obtained with a device of low volume, light enough to be transportable, relatively low cost both in terms of the machine itself and consumables and capable of processing blood at a relatively high rate.
- the present invention has relates to a rotary enclosure for the continuous separation of components, of different sizes and / or specific masses, of blood or plasma rich in platelets, as defined by claim 1.
- the separation enclosure according to the invention is shaped to take advantage of the difference in trajectory communicated to solid particles of specific masses, but above all of different sizes, resulting from the combination of radial centrifugal forces induced by the rotation unique to the separation enclosure and the tangent force tielle, communicated by the flow of platelet-rich plasma in the generally concave-shaped separation channel from the center of r otation of the separation enclosure.
- the white blood cells with shorter trajectories than the platelets will be trapped while the platelets, with longer trajectories will pass, in their great majority, in front of the recesses or, in the most unfavorable cases, will pass from a recess to the 'other without being trapped or being trapped only in the last recesses.
- the platelet-rich plasma considered here results from a first separation of whole blood (WB). During this separation, most of the white blood cells
- WBC platelet-rich plasma
- RBC red blood cells
- PRP platelet-rich plasma
- Figure 1 is a general diagram of a centrifuge designed for the rotary centrifuge chamber object of the invention
- Figure 2 is a top view of a first embodiment
- Figure 3 is an enlarged partial view to explain the ballistic effects on white blood cells, used in the context of the invention
- FIG. 4 is a partial view, similar to FIG. 2, illustrating the ballistic effects on the platelets, used in the context of invention
- Figure 5 is a top view of another embodiment using the principles of the invention
- Figure 6 is a top view of another embodiment
- Figure 7 is a top view of a final embodiment.
- the centrifuge illustrated very schematically in FIG. 1 and on which the separation enclosure 1 according to the invention is used and which is a disposable enclosure, preferably made of a rigid transparent, hemocompatible plastic material, comprises a motor M for driving the separation enclosure rotating around its axis of rotation 2.
- This separation enclosure is connected to the outside by at least three conduits 3, 4, 5, connected to the separation enclosure 1 in the vicinity of its axis of rotation 2.
- One 3 of these conduits is intended to be connected to a donor by means of a peristaltic pump 6.
- Another 4 of these conduits is intended to return to the donor the blood from which the platelets and the third 5 is intended to carry the platelets in a pocket which will be transfused to the recipient.
- the circulation in the various conduits 3, 4, 5 is ensured by the single pump 6.
- the three conduits 3, 4, 5, communicate respectively with three radial channels 7, 8 , 9 which terminate in a separation channel in the form of an annular chamber 10.
- the section of this separation channel is rectangular, so that two opposite faces form the internal, respectively external lateral faces of the separation channel and are parallel to the axis of rotation 2 of the separation enclosure 1.
- the radial channel 7 opens into this annular chamber 10 near its internal lateral face.
- the radial channel 8 is adjacent to the radial channel 7 and opens near the external lateral face of the annular chamber 10.
- the radial channel 9 is extended by a conduit 9a up to the proximity of the external lateral face of the annular chamber 10, a radial partition 12 extending the radial channel 8 in the annular chamber 10, separates the outlet of the red blood cells by the radial channel 8 from that plates through the radial channel 9.
- This radial partition 12 also makes it possible to separate the two ends of the separation channel formed by the annular chamber 10, so that the right side of this partition (FIG. 2) corresponds to the end upstream of this separation channel, while the left side of this partition constitutes the downstream end of this separation channel.
- a communication opening 13 adjacent to the internal lateral face of the annular chamber 10 is formed through the radial partition 12 to allow the evacuation of the plasma by the same radial channel 8 and therefore by the same conduit 5 as the red blood cells.
- the annular chamber 10 forming the blood separation channel has two parts arranged one after the other.
- the first part 14 extends over approximately the circumference from the arrival of blood through the radial channel 7.
- This first part 14 serves to separate the densest particles, that is to say, the RBC red blood cells in whole and a large part of the WBC white blood cells of the plasma rich in platelets PRP, under the effect of the centrifugal force induced by the rotation of the separation chamber 1 around its axis of rotation 2. As as can be seen in FIG. 2, these particles are pushed against the external lateral face of this part 14 of the annular chamber 10 and exit through the radial channel 8 and the conduit 4.
- This second part 15 which extends over approximately the H of the annular chamber 10, serves to separate the Plt platelets from the plasma. It is essentially to this second part that the present invention relates. As already explained, taking into account the appreciable difference in size between the white blood cells and the platelets and although the densities of these particles are close, their trajectories, under the combined effect of the radial force due to the force centrifugal and tangential force due to the speed of plasma flow, differ very significantly from each other.
- the external side wall of the second part 15 of the annular chamber 10 comprises a succession of recesses 16 which, in this example, have the approximate shape of right triangles, one of the sides of the right angle is oriented radially with respect to the axis of rotation 2 of the separation enclosure 1 and the second side of the right angle forms the opening of the recess 16, while the hypotenuse connects the bottom of this recess 16 , that is to say the part radially furthest from the center of rotation 2 of the separation enclosure 1, on the radially oriented side of the next recess 16, considering the direction F of the flow of the rich plasma in PRP plates in the annular chamber 10.
- FIG. 3 represents some recesses 16 in the part 15 of the annular chamber 10. This portion of the chamber is shown straight and not curved, which does not change anything for the ballistic explanation.
- the arrow Fc represents the direction of the centrifugal force applied to the white blood cells WBC and Ft represents the direction of the tangential force applied to these same white blood cells.
- FIG. 3 shows two extreme cases, one where the WBC particle is close to the internal lateral face of the annular chamber 10, the other where the WBC particle is close to the intersection between the radial face of a recess and the hypotenuse of the adjacent recess which constitutes the point on the external lateral face of the part 15 of the annular chamber 10 which is closest to the center of rotation 2.
- the case where the WBC particles are closest to the face internal lateral side of the annular chamber 10 is the least favorable for trapping these particles in the recesses. In this case, the smaller the particle size, the lower the chances of trapping it.
- the tangential force Ft is, in this case, higher than the centrifugal force Fc.
- the WBC particle will move towards the intersection between the hypotenuse of the recess 16 on which it came into contact and the radial face of the next recess considering the direction of flow F of the plasma. Given the size of the particle, the difference between the two opposing forces can only be relatively small. As a result, as soon as this WBC particle leaves the ramp formed by the hypotenuse of the recess 16 it finds itself subject to the two forces Fc and Ft.
- the centrifugal force Fc will modify the trajectory of this particle compared to the initial trajectory a, by shortening it for example according to the trajectory al or according to the trajectory a2.
- the particle falls at a place of the hypotenuse of the recess along 16 where it is practically no longer under the influence of the plasma flow and is no longer subjected only to the centrifugal force which makes it "descend" towards the bottom of the recess 16.
- this path is more influenced by the centrifugal force Fc, so that it is shorter and the particle falls on the hypotenuse of the recess 16 more near the bottom of this recess, so that it has every chance of being brought to the bottom of this recess 16 by centrifugal force.
- FIG. 4 shows the different possible trajectories of two Plt plates entering the second part 15 of the annular separation chamber at two radial distances from the center of rotation 2 of the centrifugation chamber 1.
- the Plt particle which enters with the lowest radial distance follows a trajectory c whose radial distance to the center of rotation 2 increases very slowly. This is the most favorable case.
- the trajectory tends to shorten and this takes, for example, the appearance of the trajectory d which does not allow the particle Plt to cross the entire angular distance from the opening of the recess 16, so that it falls on the hypotenuse of the recess 16 in the shape of a right triangle. Since its size is smaller than that of the white blood cell along the trajectory a illustrated in Figure 3, the centrifugal force exerted on it is smaller and will less brake the movement of this particle under the influence of the force tangential Ft.
- the trajectory dl will be longer than that al of the WBC particle of FIG. 3.
- This particle Plt can thus, by a succession of relatively long trajectories, jump from one recess 16 to the next, until near the last recesses 16 of the part 15 of the annular chamber 10.
- a separation is obtained between the WBC white blood cells and the Plt platelets, the white blood cells being trapped in the first recesses 16 while the platelets are trapped in the last recesses 16 by considering the direction of flow F of the plasma.
- the first recesses 16 will be the first to fill with WBC white blood cells, so that when a recess is full, the excess white blood cells will be drawn to the next recess 16 and so on.
- certain recesses 16 situated in the median zone of the second part 15 of the annular chamber 10 comprise both WBC white blood cells and Plt platelets. Given the difference in mass between the plates and the white blood cells, the latter will settle at the bottom causing the plates to “go up” or more precisely moving them more towards the center of rotation 2.
- Some plates can arrive up to an evacuation compartment 17 of the separation chamber, the external lateral face of which is circular and concentric with the axis of rotation 2 of the separation enclosure 1, in the direction of which they are pushed. These plates then enter the conduit 9a opening near this external lateral face of the evacuation compartment 17.
- the Plt plates which are trapped in recesses 16 of the second half • of the second part 15 of the annular chamber 10, protrude from these recesses when they are full and pass successively from one recess 16 to the next, until they reach the evacuation compartment 17.
- the WBC white blood cells take the place of the Plt platelets in the recesses 16 where there are the two types of particles, so that the platelets are driven from the recess in the recess 16 into the evacuation compartment 17, where they are held by centrifugal force towards the external lateral wall of the evacuation compartment 17 and conducted by the flow of plasma in the opening of the conduit 9a extending the channel 9 to near the external lateral wall of the compartment 17 where the platelets find it concentrated.
- the plasma of lower density than the platelets, it is evacuated through the communication opening 13 by the evacuation channel of the red blood cells. This arrangement has the non-negligible advantage of eliminating a conduit which is not necessary since all the constituents of the blood with the exception of platelets are returned to the donor.
- the dimensioning of the recesses 16 must obey two criteria. One of these criteria is that the total volume of these recesses must be at least equal to the volume of white blood cells to be separated from the plasma after the separation of the red blood cells and the major part of the white blood cells in the first part 14 of the chamber.
- annular 10. This volume for a platelet collection session from a donor is around 8 ml.
- the second criterion is a function of the respective trajectories of WBC white blood cells and Plt platelets.
- the separation systems of the prior art are based on a principle of static sedimentation, slow and weakly selective given the small difference in density between the particles to be separated, especially between white blood cells, platelets and plasma
- the present invention uses the ballistics of the trajectories induced by the centrifugal force and by the tangential force due to the flow of the plasma and strongly dependent on the size of the particles, since the radius of the particles is squared in the sedimentation formula.
- the size of the largest plates is.
- FIG. 5 intended to be placed in a suitable centrifuge and which is formed from a rigid transparent plastic material, has an inlet 19 for the whole blood which flows in a first separation channel 20 which extends over 180 ° and the external and internal side walls of which have their respective radial distances from the center of rotation of the separation enclosure 18 which increase and decrease respectively towards the end of this channel 20 opposite the inlet 19.
- a conduit 21 is used for the evacuation of red blood cells, while another conduit 22 connects the end of the internal lateral face of the first separation channel 20 to a second separation channel 23, as well as a plasma discharge conduit 26.
- a series of recesses 24 intended for trapping white blood cells is disposed between the inlet of the channel 23 and an outlet opening 25 for the evacuation of the platelets, the remaining plasma being able to return to the evacuation conduit 26 by the second half 23a of the second separation channel 23.
- the white blood cells which are not separated with the red blood cells can therefore be trapped in the recesses 24.
- the variant illustrated in FIG. 6 relates to a separation channel 27 in the form of a progressive spiral intended to be driven around an axis of rotation 28.
- An inlet 29 for whole blood is arranged along the separation 27, an outlet 30 is located at the end of the spiral channel 27 furthest radially from the center of rotation 28 and allows the red blood cells to be removed.
- a second outlet 31 located between the inlet 29 and the end radially closest to the axis of rotation 28 is intended to evacuate the wafers.
- a third outlet 32 located at the radially nearest end of the center of rotation 28 is used for the evacuation of the plasma.
- a series of recesses 33 is provided on the external lateral face of the spiral channel 27.
- These recesses 33 are for example of triangular shape, like those of the previous embodiments and also serve to trap the particles. to be separated according to the trajectories of these particles linked to their respective volumes, as explained above.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a final embodiment in which recesses 34 are formed on the external lateral face of a channel 35 for separating the wafers.
- the invention has been described in relation to separation chambers capable of separating platelets from whole blood, this invention also applies to the separation of platelets from plasma rich in platelets, the globules red being separated independently using a separate separator.
- the separation enclosure according to the invention is more particularly, although not exclusively, intended for the continuous separation of leukoreduced platelets.
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- Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
- External Artificial Organs (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP01958299A EP1315572A1 (fr) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-30 | Enceinte rotative pour la separation de composants du sang ou du plasma |
AU2001280019A AU2001280019A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-30 | Rotary chamber for separating blood or plasma constituents |
US10/379,865 US20030166445A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2003-03-04 | Rotatable chamber for separating blood or plasma components |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP00810799.7 | 2000-09-05 | ||
EP00810799A EP1186346A1 (fr) | 2000-09-05 | 2000-09-05 | Enceinte rotative pour la séparation de composants du sang ou du plasma |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US10/379,865 Continuation US20030166445A1 (en) | 2000-09-05 | 2003-03-04 | Rotatable chamber for separating blood or plasma components |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2002020165A1 true WO2002020165A1 (fr) | 2002-03-14 |
Family
ID=8174889
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/IB2001/001571 WO2002020165A1 (fr) | 2000-09-05 | 2001-08-30 | Enceinte rotative pour la separation de composants du sang ou du plasma |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030166445A1 (fr) |
EP (2) | EP1186346A1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU2001280019A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2002020165A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7473216B2 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2009-01-06 | Fresenius Hemocare Deutschland Gmbh | Apparatus for separation of a fluid with a separation channel having a mixer component |
US8338319B2 (en) * | 2008-12-22 | 2012-12-25 | Ocv Intellectual Capital, Llc | Composition for high performance glass fibers and fibers formed therewith |
EP1795894A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-13 | Roche Diagnostics GmbH | Séparation de plasma sur un dispositif semblable à un disque |
JP5164172B2 (ja) * | 2009-03-11 | 2013-03-13 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 粒子分離装置および分離方法 |
US9327296B2 (en) | 2012-01-27 | 2016-05-03 | Fenwal, Inc. | Fluid separation chambers for fluid processing systems |
US10207044B2 (en) | 2015-07-29 | 2019-02-19 | Fenwal, Inc. | Five-port blood separation chamber and methods of using the same |
CN109876495B (zh) * | 2019-03-27 | 2024-03-19 | 刘忠英 | 一种成分分离装置 |
DE102020103453A1 (de) * | 2020-02-11 | 2021-08-12 | Split Oil UG | Zentrifuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Zentrifuge |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3982691A (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-09-28 | Schlutz Charles A | Centrifuge separation and washing device and method |
US4091989A (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-05-30 | Schlutz Charles A | Continuous flow fractionation and separation device and method |
US4230264A (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1980-10-28 | Akira Okumura | Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation of components of solution |
US5759147A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1998-06-02 | Baxter International Inc. | Blood separation chamber |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6053856A (en) * | 1995-04-18 | 2000-04-25 | Cobe Laboratories | Tubing set apparatus and method for separation of fluid components |
DE19841835C2 (de) * | 1998-09-12 | 2003-05-28 | Fresenius Ag | Zentrifugenkammer für einen Zellseparator |
-
2000
- 2000-09-05 EP EP00810799A patent/EP1186346A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-30 EP EP01958299A patent/EP1315572A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2001-08-30 WO PCT/IB2001/001571 patent/WO2002020165A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-08-30 AU AU2001280019A patent/AU2001280019A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-03-04 US US10/379,865 patent/US20030166445A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3982691A (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-09-28 | Schlutz Charles A | Centrifuge separation and washing device and method |
US4091989A (en) * | 1977-01-04 | 1978-05-30 | Schlutz Charles A | Continuous flow fractionation and separation device and method |
US5759147A (en) * | 1977-08-12 | 1998-06-02 | Baxter International Inc. | Blood separation chamber |
US4230264A (en) * | 1978-02-17 | 1980-10-28 | Akira Okumura | Method and apparatus for centrifugal separation of components of solution |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1315572A1 (fr) | 2003-06-04 |
AU2001280019A1 (en) | 2002-03-22 |
EP1186346A1 (fr) | 2002-03-13 |
US20030166445A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
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