WO2002015718A1 - Manufactured lipid emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin f - Google Patents
Manufactured lipid emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin f Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2002015718A1 WO2002015718A1 PCT/BE2001/000141 BE0100141W WO0215718A1 WO 2002015718 A1 WO2002015718 A1 WO 2002015718A1 BE 0100141 W BE0100141 W BE 0100141W WO 0215718 A1 WO0215718 A1 WO 0215718A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- lipid emulsion
- acid
- fatty acids
- essential fatty
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002960 lipid emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 title description 19
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 title description 18
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 title description 18
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 title description 18
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title description 14
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 title description 13
- 230000000378 dietary effect Effects 0.000 title description 11
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 235000004626 essential fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 235000013345 egg yolk Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000002969 egg yolk Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000020673 eicosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 229960005135 eicosapentaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N eicosapentaenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O JAZBEHYOTPTENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- HOBAELRKJCKHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (8Z,11Z,14Z)-8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O HOBAELRKJCKHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000021298 Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- HOBAELRKJCKHQD-QNEBEIHSSA-N dihomo-γ-linolenic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCC(O)=O HOBAELRKJCKHQD-QNEBEIHSSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N docosahexaenoic acid Natural products CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCC(O)=O MBMBGCFOFBJSGT-KUBAVDMBSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000020669 docosahexaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N (7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z,19Z)-docosapentaenoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCC(O)=O YUFFSWGQGVEMMI-JLNKQSITSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940090949 docosahexaenoic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N (9Z,12Z)-9,10,12,13-tetratritiooctadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Chemical compound C(CCCCCCC\C(=C(/C\C(=C(/CCCCC)\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])\[3H])(=O)O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-NTGFUMLPSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021294 Docosapentaenoic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013861 fat-free Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- -1 choline) Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000020978 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 8
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- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 239000008344 egg yolk phospholipid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N linolenic acid Natural products CC=CCCC=CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O KQQKGWQCNNTQJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007908 nanoemulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002066 eicosanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-Linolensaeure Natural products CCCCCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000020664 gamma-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N gamma-linolenic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC(O)=O VZCCETWTMQHEPK-QNEBEIHSSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002733 gamolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol group Chemical group OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 3
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-SKCDLICFSA-N (2e,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e)-docosa-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C=C\C(O)=O DVSZKTAMJJTWFG-SKCDLICFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GZJLLYHBALOKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-Ketone, O18-Me-Ussuriedine Natural products CC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCC(O)=O GZJLLYHBALOKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 2
- KAUVQQXNCKESLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) Natural products COC(=O)C(C)NOCC1=CC=CC=C1 KAUVQQXNCKESLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012041 food component Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 230000030968 tissue homeostasis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UBEIMDKGOYBUKT-FLIQGJDUSA-N 1,2,3-trilinolenoylglycerol Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CC UBEIMDKGOYBUKT-FLIQGJDUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001072256 Boraginaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007689 Borago officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N famotidine Chemical compound NC(N)=NC1=NC(CSCCC(N)=NS(N)(=O)=O)=CS1 XUFQPHANEAPEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002417 nutraceutical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021436 nutraceutical agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940012843 omega-3 fatty acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020665 omega-6 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940033080 omega-6 fatty acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940094443 oxytocics prostaglandins Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003259 prostaglandin group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003180 prostaglandins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002510 pyrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002336 ribonucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002652 ribonucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- RZWIIPASKMUIAC-VQTJNVASSA-N thromboxane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[C@H]1OCCC[C@@H]1CCCCCCC RZWIIPASKMUIAC-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
- A23C9/1528—Fatty acids; Mono- or diglycerides; Petroleum jelly; Paraffine; Phospholipids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
- A23L33/12—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/40—Complete food formulations for specific consumer groups or specific purposes, e.g. infant formula
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Pediatric Medicine (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is related to a manufactured lipid emulsion having a formula which mimics breast milk lipid pattern, comprising pre-emulsified animal (preferably egg yolk) phospholipid micelles (diameter < 0.22 νM) with about 10 to 20% by weight of phospholipid (including 1 to 2 % by weight of choline), about 1,5 to 2,5 % by weight cholesterol, about 35 to 45 % by weight of essential fatty acids and about 35 to 45 % by weight of non-essential fatty acids, the total of the micelles being 100% by weight.
Description
MANUFACTURED LIPID EMULSION HAVING AN IMPROVED BALANCED DIETARY SOURCE OF VITAMIN F
Field of the invention
[0001] The present invention is related to a new manufactured lipid nano-emulsion, having an improved balanced dietary source of naturally-occurring vitamin F, especially a manufactured lipid emulsion and food composition which mimics breast milk lipid pattern.
Background of the invention
[0002] ■ Breast-feeding is often declared as a good feeding practice in mammalians including humans. It is believed to provide the kind •_<_>:_. essential continuity in the food supply that helps overcome the sudden stress experienced at birth and that supports the discontinuous development of the newborn during the first weeks of extra- uterine life. The nine months of intra-uterine development of the human foetus share some analogy with the period of convalescence of hospital patients: confined sterile environment and glucose-based parenteral feeding. In principle, all essential dietary ingredients (vitamins & minerals) are transferred from the mother's blood to differentiating and growing foetal tissues. Vitamin F
(essential fatty acids) is no exception to this rule. Among these vitamins are those of plant origin (EFAs) and those of animal origin (LCPs) that the mother synthesises prior
[0003] At birth, mother substitutes some glucose for fats in milk in addition to adding some protecting nutritional agents (immunoglobulins, decoy carbohydrates, etc) for the protection of the gastro intestinal tract of the baby that is suddenly exposed to environmental invasions. Except for this change in the source of energy that occurs at birth and which is important for the intestinal absorption of fat soluble vitamins, the newborn finds in its mother milk the same dietary panel of essential nutrients that he relied on during the nine month of gestation. Among the animal-derived nutrients present in human milk are CHL and LCPs that fulfil baby's needs until his own lipid metabolic pathways are being switched on to a level that could eventually cope with the requirements of the still-developing tissues and later tissue homeostasis. [0004] Experiments carried out with mammalians as well as epidemiological human studies have clearly established a relationship between a shortage in animal- derived nutrients at birth and behavioural deficiencies and/or abnormalities (growth, motricity, emotivity, learning performance, IQ, visual acuity, etc) at later stages of development. Re-balancing the diet when the first signs of impairment are observed has been shown to normalise the chemical composition of the tissues, however damage to behaviour, visual and nervous system function are not easily reversed.
[0005] If breast-feeding is abandoned as a feeding practice for more appropriate socially accepted methods, infant formula manufacturers should critically evaluate the content of vitamin F in their product. The relative constancy of the breast milk composition has made some recommendations feasible and such have been endorsed by scientific communities (ESPPGAN, 1991; BNF, 1993) and official expert panels (FAO/WHO, 1994) . Another expert
panel (LSRO, 1998) did recommend that the question of requiring the addition of specific LCPs to infant formulas be reassessed in five years.
[0006] The FAO/WHO report on ΛFats and Oils in Human Nutrition (1994)' specified recommended amounts of animal- derived fatty acids in preterm and term infant formulas
(table 1) .
Table 1 : FAO/WHO recommendation for LCPs in preterm and term infant formulas
BW: bodyweight,
Pre-term & term infants: 150 ml formula/kg BW/day.
[0007] When compared to the average composition of mature human milk (table 2), the WHO/FAO recommendation for term infant formula lie well in line with the amount of LCPs found in breast milk, but the latter is more diverse in those fatty acids.
Table 2 Composition of mature human milk
LA: linoleic acid, γ-LA: gamma-linolenic acid, DHLA dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, AA: arachidonic acid, α-LnA alpha-linolenic acid, EPA: eicosapentaenoic acid, DPA
docosapentaenoic acid, DHA: docosahexaenoic acid, CHN: choline, CHL.: cholesterol. [0008] AA is crucial to the growth of cell organs and tissues whilst DHA . is particularly important to the proper development of the brain and the retina.
[0009] Of major interest is the presence of A6- desaturase products (γ-LA and DHLA) in human milk which may well be crucial to the early establishment of a favourable thromboxane / prostacyclin ratio in the newborn with beneficial effects on blood pressure, clotting ability, kidney and immune system functions.
Aims of the invention
[0010] The present invention aims to provide a manufactured lipid emulsion and food composition comprising it, having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin
F, in order to improve the general health of humans, especially of infants.
[0011] A further aim of the present invention is to provide such a manufactured lipid emulsion having a formula suitable for feeding infants and which may mimic breast feeding.
[0012] A further aim of the invention is to provide such compositions having a balanced dietary source of vitamin F suitable for feeding infants, which is easily obtained from naturally occurring sources at low costs.
Summary of the invention
[0013] The present invention is related to a manufactured lipid nano-emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin F (especially having a formula suitable for feeding (supplementing) infants, comprising (on a dry basis, fig.l) between about 10 and
about 20% by weight of phospholipids, including about 1 to about 2% by weight of choline, about 1,5 to about 2,5% by weight of cholesterol, about 35 to about 45% by weight of essential fatty acids and between 35 and 45% by weight of non-essential fatty acids, the total of the emulsion being 100% by weight, which are preferably pre-emulsified animal (preferably egg yolk) phospholipid micelles having an advantageous diameter lower than 0,22 μm, said nano- emulsion being obtained from naturally occurring sources which mimic breast milk micelles (breast milk lipid pattern) , but do not correspond to said breast milk product. The emulsion according to the invention does not comprise specific elements present in human breast milk such as antibodies obtained from the mother. [0014] Said manufactured product is an encapsulation of essential oils in animal (preferably egg) phospholipid micelles, which provides a means to closely mimic the characteristics of emulsified state of human milk and is suitable to adjust fatty acid composition of i.e. cow milk to existing officially recognised standards (tables 1 and 2).
[0015] The manufactured lipid nano-emulsion (particle size < 200 nm) having improved balanced dietary sources of vitamin F are characterised by their extreme level of dispersion which, on the one hand, allows to eliminate bacterial contamination prior to sterilisation and hence to avoid heat-derived pyrogen contamination and, on the other hand, is extremely bio-available through its easy digestion in the gastro-intestinal tract of human of all ages. When distributed in disposable one dose-vials, the manufactured lipid emulsion is also extremely stable against oxidation and contamination since it is essentially kept in sterile sealed containers under nitrogen and it is open at the time of consumption.
[0016] This emulsion (Baby Vitamin F™) ensures the new-born of a plentiful supply of prostaglandins with beneficial effects on blood pressure, clotting ability, kidney function and immune system function. [0017] Among other things, it gives the baby a healthy cardiovascular start into its new world. [0018] • Preferably, the manufactured lipid emulsion according to the invention is a mixture of conditionally essential fatty acids comprising in one gram (on a dry basis, fig.l) a similar amount of phospholipids (about 145 mg including 14,5 mg of choline, about 18 mg of cholesterol, about 415 mg of essential fatty acids as those found in 100 ml of breast milk (table 2) , together with 12,5% (392 mg) of non-essential fatty acids. [0019] Such manufactured lipid emulsion could be made available in liquid form (i.e., in small individual vials to be incorporated into the infant bottles prior to consumption) or in powder forms (i.e., spray dried on maltodextrin based carriers) . [0020] Such manufactured lipid emulsion could be mixed with a safe source of other non-essential fats (for instance butter oil or interesterified vegetable oils), which transforms it into an ideal nutritive lipid source suitable for infants. The latter can eventually be spray- dried on a carrier (preferably an element selected from the group consisting of electrodialysed whey and non-fat milk) and eventually containing other additives (vitamines, minerals, ribonucleotides, prostaglandines, immunoglobulines, etc) in order to obtain an ideally balanced infant formula or food composition.
[0021] Preferably, the essential fatty acids are long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids which are linolenic acid (LA) , gamma-linolenic acid (γ-LA) , dihomo-γ-linolenic
acid (DHLA) , arachidonic acid (AA) , alpha-linolenic acid (α-LnA) , eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) , docosatentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) .
[0022] Preferably, the lipid emulsion according to the invention comprises as essential fatty acids 30 to 40% linoleic acid, 1 to 2% γ-linolenic + dihomo-γ-linolenic acid, 0.75 to 1.5% arachidonic acid, 2 . 0 to 3.0% - linolenic acid, 0.1 to 0.2% eicosapentaenoic acid, 1.0 to 1.5% docσsapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid. [0023] Preferably, the arachidonic acid (AA) is obtained from egg yolk phospholipids, the docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) are obtained from marine (fish) oils and the gamma-linolenic acid is obtained from plant (borage) oils. [0024] Other characteristics of the specific infant formula according to the invention are described in details hereafter.
Short description of the drawings [0025] Fig. 1 represents the lipid emulsion according to the invention (Baby Vitamin F™ ) .
Detailed description of the invention
Infant formula of the product a ccording to the inven tion (Baby Vi tamin F ™)
[0026] Baby Vitamin F™ exclusively contains naturally occurring sources of essential - and conditionally essential fatty acids, and does not rely on single cell oils (SCO) (table 3) .
Table 3 Source of fatty acids in Baby Vitamin F''TM
[0027] The encapsulation of essential oils in 4%- animal (preferably egg) phospholipid micelles (145 mg phospholipids for 3.8 g total fat in 100 ml formula) provides a means to closely mimic the characteristic emulsified state of human milk and/or to adjust fatty acid composition of infant formulas to existing officially recognised standards. The product according to the invention (Baby Vitamin F™) is advantageously an all-in- one emulsion containing animal (preferably egg yolk) phospholipid-derived AA in association with a mixture of highly emulsified LCPs (Fig. 1) . [0028] The product according to the invention is a mixture of the 'conditionally-essential' fatty acids found in mature human milk (415 mg per 100 ml) . One gram of the product according to the invention provides a similar amount of phospholipids, cholesterol, essential fatty acids
as that found in breast milk, together with non-essential fatty acids. When present in enriched infant formula, they behave as a similarly dispersed source of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids associated with the right level of cholesterol and choline.
[0029] Advantageously, it provides similar amount of choline (CHN: 14.5 mg/100 ml) and cholesterol (CHL: 18.0 mg/100 ml) ' as those naturally occurring in human milk, provides increased resistance to oxidation and improves digestibility and uptake. The unique natural arrangement of high-value dietary ingredients in animal (preferably egg) phospholipid finely dispersed micelles makes them homeostatic with the gastro intestinal tract of the baby and quantitatively available through digestion. Furthermore, animal phospholipids do not present specific antigenic sites, while free or associated with other nutrients such as amino acids and oils.
[0030] Egg yolk phospholipids (EYPLs) have recently been registered as a Novel Food in the European Community (EC 258/97) . They differ from phospholipids of plant origin in that they are extremely rich in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and bear substantial amount of naturally-occurring arachidonic acid (AA) . [0031] Phospholipids occur naturally in all natural tissues of vegetable and animal origin. Animal cell membranes differ from their plant ancestors in that they contain long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPs) and cholesterol (CHL) . LCPs appear to be specifically attached to membrane phospholipids. There seems to have been an evolutionary pressure towards the simultaneous appearance of LCPs and CHL in cell membranes of both marine and terrestrial animals in a close to balance ratio. This universal rule contrasts with the rather peculiar distribution of ω3-LCPs in long chain triglycerides (LCTs)
found in some cold sea plankton, fish and mammals, and of ω6-LCPs in long chain triglycerides (LCTs) found in some land-based fungi, and which appears to be an evolutionary adaptation of primary organisms to a rather hostile environment .
[0032] Membrane fluidity and deformability are important parameters to the enzymic activities of the cell surface and the right balance of LCPs and CHL is probably the single most important factor influencing the rheological properties of the cell membrane. LCPs in membranes are also involved in cell signalling through their conversion to eicosanoids, mainly from arachidonic acid (AA, C20:4ω6), dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DHLA, C20:3ω6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5ω3). In normal people, the concentration of arachidonic acid in tissue lipids remains almost constant whatever the type of diet they live on. There seems to be some definite requirements for tissue AA-derived eicosanoids production. On the other hand, the presence of DHLA and EPA in cell membrane seems to be related to their dietary level which, in turn, is seen as a potential good indicator for cellular health, tissue homeostasis and global feel good factor. Indeed, DHLA and EPA-derived eicosanoids have been characterised as regulatory metabolites that are complementary to those more potent, though essential, derived from AA.
[0033] LCPs and CHL can be synthesised by the human body but there seems to be critical timing in life
(pregnant women, newborn, stressful active people, ageing people, hospital patients, etc) where a balanced source of these animal-derived ingredients is beneficial. Animal phospholipid-based micelles, seem to be a very appropriate food vector for these 'conditionally-essential' vitamins.
[0034] The advantages of animal (egg) phospholipids as cell membrane refreshing nutrient are described hereafter:
- Phospholipids from animal origin are the single ubiquitous source of LCP. The by-functional biological species is essential to the integrity of all cell membranes in living organisms,
- their relative concentration of ω6 and ω3 LCPs can be adjusted by simple dietary means to comply with changing human requirements at various stages of life development,
- they naturally bear LCPs at the sn-2 position of the glycerol carrier which become quantitatively (>95%) available upon digestion for tissue incorporation, - they are homeostatic with the GI tract environment. They transform to lysophospholipids upon digestion, enhancing their emulsifying properties and their capacity to encapsulate and help resorption of other water- and lipid-soluble nutrients, - they contain a high proportion of PC that contribute to maintaining an optimum level of serum free choline in between meals (fasting) through a slow release of the vitamin without providing offensive fishy body odour characteristic of free choline supplementation, - they act as a technological aid in combining with essential oils from plant and marine origin to form highly dispersed emulsions resistant to fatty acid peroxidation,
- they contribute to the synthesis of smaller phospholipid-rich chylomicrons and, in turn, higher level of HDL that patrol within the body and clean cell membranes from oxidised cholesterol and phospholipids,
egg yolk phospholipids are declared Novel Foods in the European Community (EC 258/97) under the generic designation egg phospholipids' .
REFERENCES
- BNF, British Nutrition Foundation (1993) - ϋnsaturated fatty acids. Nutritional and physiological significance. The Report of the British Nutrition Foundation's Task Force. London, Chapman & Hall.
- COMA (1995) Report on Health and Social Subjects No.46, Nutritional Aspects of Cardiovascular Diseases, ISBN 0 11 321875 3, HMSO, London.
- ESPPGAN, European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition / Committee on Nutrition (1991) - Committee
Report. Comment on the content and composition of lipids in infant formulas. Acta. Paediatr. Scand. 80, 887-896.
- FAO/WHO, Food and Agriculture Organisation / World Health Organisation (1994) - Expert consultation on fats and oils in human nutrition. Food and Nutrition Paper No. 57, Ch.7, 49-55.
- LSRO (1998) taken from Nutraceuticals World July/August 1999, Infant Formula Requirements Released, pp. 62-68.
- Columbus®, the natural original egg - A model for healthy animal-derived food (1998) Leatherhead Food RA
Food Industry Journal, 1, 289-300.
- Lecithin and choline - A clinical monograph (1997) Central Soya Company Inc., Fort Wayne, Indiana.
- Dietary ω3 and ω6 fatty acids - Biological effects and nutritional essentiality (1989) Life Sciences, Vol. 171,
Series A, Plenum Press, ISBN 0-306-43231-5.
- Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill (1997) 5th ed., Alive Books, Burnaby, Canada, ISBN 0-920470-40-8.
- Availability of seed oils from finnish berries (1999) University of Turku, Finland, Tema-Team 6555-99, ISBN
952-91-1003-0
Claims
1. Manufactured milk lipid emulsion having a formula which mimics breast milk lipid pattern, comprising only naturally-occurring-in food pre-emulsified animal (preferably egg yolk) phospholipid micelles with about 10 to about 20% by weight of phospholipid (including choline) , about 1,5 to about 2,5% by weight cholesterol, about 35 to 45% by weight of essential fatty acids and about 35 to about 45% by weight of non-essential fatty acids, the total of the micelles being 100% by weight.
2. The lipid emulsion according to the claim 1, characterised in that about 10 to about 20% by weight of the phospholipids derived from choline.
3. The lipid emulsion according to the claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the phospholipid micelles comprise about 14,5% by weight of phospholipid, including about 1,45% by weight of choline, about 1,8% by weight of cholesterol, about 41,5% by weight of essential fatty acids and about 39,2% by weight of non-essential fatty acids.
4. The lipid emulsion according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the diameter of the micelles is lower than 0,22 μm.
5. The lipid emulsion according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the essential fatty acids are long chain polyunsaturated acids (LCPs) from naturally-occurring food sources, preferably made of arichidonic acid (AA) obtained from animal (preferably egg yolk) phospholipids, docosahexaenoic and/or docosapentaenoic (DHA/DPA) acids and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) obtained from marine oil and gamma-linolenic and/or dihomo γ-linoleric acids (γ-LA/ΔHLA) obtained from plant oil .
6. The lipid emulsion according to claim 5, characterised in that it comprises as essential fatty acids 30 to 40% linoleic acid, 1 to 2% γ-linolenic + dihomo-γ- linolenic acid, 0,75 to 1,5% arachidonic acid, 2,0 to 3,0% α-linolenic acid, 0,1 to 0,2% eicosapentaenoic acid, 1,0 to 1,5% docosapentaenoic acid 4- docosahexaenoic acid.
7. The lipid emulsion according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the phospholipid micelles are made available in diluted liquid (i.e., disposable vials) and powder (i.e., spray-dried on altodextrin based carriers) forms.
8. The food composition, characterised in that the phospholipid micelles of the lipid emulsion of any of the preceding claims are mixed with a source of non essential fat, such as butter oil or interesterified vegetable oils, and are spray-dried over a suitable food carrier.
9. The food composition according to the claim 8, characterised in that the carrier is selected from the group consisting of electrodialysed whey and non-fat milk or a mixture thereof.
10. Use of the manufactured lipid emulsion or food composition according to any of the preceding claims for human consumption.
11. The use according to the claim 10, for supplementing infants.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2001283724A AU2001283724A1 (en) | 2000-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Manufactured lipid emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP00870181A EP1181870A1 (en) | 2000-08-22 | 2000-08-22 | Manufactured lipid emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin F |
| EP00870181.5 | 2000-08-22 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2002015718A1 true WO2002015718A1 (en) | 2002-02-28 |
Family
ID=8175798
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/BE2001/000141 WO2002015718A1 (en) | 2000-08-22 | 2001-08-22 | Manufactured lipid emulsion having an improved balanced dietary source of vitamin f |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1181870A1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2001283724A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2002015718A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2839887A1 (en) * | 2002-05-22 | 2003-11-28 | Synergia | Neutraceutical or pharmaceutical compositions, useful for treating or preventing cardiovascular disease and atheromatous conditions, comprise alpha-linolenic acid and fatty acids having 5- and 6-double bonds |
| CN1842277A (en) * | 2003-06-24 | 2006-10-04 | 堪萨斯大学医学中心 | Infant formula |
| US8877239B2 (en) * | 2010-08-12 | 2014-11-04 | Nutritional Therapeutics, Inc. | Lipid supplements for maintaining health and treatment of acute and chronic disorders |
| US9468668B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2016-10-18 | Allergy Research Group, Llc | Flavored chewable lipid supplements for maintaining health and the treatment of acute and chronic disorders |
| US9095507B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2015-08-04 | Allergy Research Group, Llc | Chewable wafers containing lipid supplements for maintaining health and the treatment of acute and chronic disorders |
| US11253531B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2022-02-22 | Nutritional Therapeutics, Inc. | Lipid supplements for reducing nerve action potentials |
| US10117885B2 (en) | 2011-08-11 | 2018-11-06 | Allergy Research Group, Llc | Chewable lipid supplements for treating pain and fibromyalgia |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4670285A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1987-06-02 | The University Of Toronto Innovations Foundation | Infant formula |
| EP0404058A2 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-12-27 | MILUPA GmbH & Co. KG | Fat mixture, process for its preparation and its use |
| EP0484266A2 (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1992-05-06 | Puleva Union Industrial Y Agro-Ganadera, S.A. | Fat mixture for infant and adult nutrition |
| WO1996010922A1 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-18 | Milupa Aktiengesellschaft | Mixture of phospholipid-containing fats and lcp fatty acids |
| US5869530A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1999-02-09 | Institut De Recherche Biologique | Dietetic phospholipid compositions and use thereof as a dietary supplement |
| WO1999022601A1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-05-14 | Biozone Laboratories, Inc. | Enhanced infant formula containing liposome encapsulated nutrients and agents |
| US6080787A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-06-27 | Abbott Laboratories | Methods for reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis |
-
2000
- 2000-08-22 EP EP00870181A patent/EP1181870A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-08-22 WO PCT/BE2001/000141 patent/WO2002015718A1/en active Application Filing
- 2001-08-22 AU AU2001283724A patent/AU2001283724A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4670285A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1987-06-02 | The University Of Toronto Innovations Foundation | Infant formula |
| EP0404058A2 (en) * | 1989-06-23 | 1990-12-27 | MILUPA GmbH & Co. KG | Fat mixture, process for its preparation and its use |
| EP0484266A2 (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1992-05-06 | Puleva Union Industrial Y Agro-Ganadera, S.A. | Fat mixture for infant and adult nutrition |
| US5709888A (en) * | 1990-10-30 | 1998-01-20 | Abbott Laboratories | High fat nutritional formula for infants and adults |
| US5869530A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1999-02-09 | Institut De Recherche Biologique | Dietetic phospholipid compositions and use thereof as a dietary supplement |
| WO1996010922A1 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1996-04-18 | Milupa Aktiengesellschaft | Mixture of phospholipid-containing fats and lcp fatty acids |
| US6080787A (en) * | 1997-02-21 | 2000-06-27 | Abbott Laboratories | Methods for reducing the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis |
| WO1999022601A1 (en) * | 1997-11-05 | 1999-05-14 | Biozone Laboratories, Inc. | Enhanced infant formula containing liposome encapsulated nutrients and agents |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| SMUTS CORNELIUS M ET AL: "The effect of parenteral nutrition with Lipovenous or Intralipid on the fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocyte membrane lipids in very-low-birth-weight infants.", SAMJ (SOUTH AFRICAN MEDICAL JOURNAL), vol. 89, no. 6, June 1999 (1999-06-01), pages 687 - 694, XP000974221, ISSN: 0256-9574 * |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| AU2001283724A1 (en) | 2002-03-04 |
| EP1181870A1 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
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