WO2001096900A1 - Procede et dispositif d'amelioration de la stabilite a la temperature et de la resistance au vieillissement de mesureurs de niveau a radar a l'aide d'une reference mecanique - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif d'amelioration de la stabilite a la temperature et de la resistance au vieillissement de mesureurs de niveau a radar a l'aide d'une reference mecanique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2001096900A1
WO2001096900A1 PCT/DE2001/002133 DE0102133W WO0196900A1 WO 2001096900 A1 WO2001096900 A1 WO 2001096900A1 DE 0102133 W DE0102133 W DE 0102133W WO 0196900 A1 WO0196900 A1 WO 0196900A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radar
mechanical reference
radar level
reflected
distance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2001/002133
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Rolf Gluth
Original Assignee
Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eads Deutschland Gmbh filed Critical Eads Deutschland Gmbh
Priority to AU2001268946A priority Critical patent/AU2001268946A1/en
Publication of WO2001096900A1 publication Critical patent/WO2001096900A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
    • G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
    • G01S13/32—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
    • G01S13/34—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated using transmission of continuous, frequency-modulated waves while heterodyning the received signal, or a signal derived therefrom, with a locally-generated signal related to the contemporaneously transmitted signal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
    • G01S7/4004—Means for monitoring or calibrating of parts of a radar system
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for improving the temperature stability and aging resistance of radar level gauges, according to the features of claim 1.
  • the documents DE 3830992 and EP 0887658 describe devices and methods for level measurement using FMCW radars.
  • the distance between the radar system and the surface of a filling material is derived from the frequency difference between the current frequency of the transmitting oscillator and the frequency of the received wave, which is proportional to the running time of a transmitted wave.
  • DE 44 19462 C2 describes a radar level meter in which the radar signal is conducted into a still pipe to increase the measuring accuracy. Through the stillpipe, e.g. dampened the movements of the filling material. The signals reflected by the reference elements arranged in the surge pipe are used to calibrate the level and to check the function of the radar level meter.
  • a beat signal is determined from the signal component reflected by the filling material and the signal component reflected from reference elements, the frequency of which is determined. The level is then determined from the frequency of the beat signal.
  • a level meter for reducing interference signals is described in DE 42 41 910 A1.
  • the measurement signal received by a receiving antenna is compared with a threshold value. This allows interference signals to be filtered out of the measurement signal, for example due to contamination of the antenna.
  • the temperature effect on the active and passive components of an FMCW radar system creates temperature-dependent distance sensors in particular when using devices that work at high frequencies. These measurement errors are independent of the absolute distance between the radar system and the product and are expressed in a distance offset. This offset is of the order of a few millimeters. Such a measurement error is particularly not permitted for devices for level measurement which are to be used as verifiable devices according to the OIML Recommendation R85.
  • the object is achieved in that, from knowledge of the distance of the radar system from the mechanical reference d R ⁇ fe.enz, changes in the electrical distance d e ⁇ _ R efe.e n z can be recognized and taken into account in the calculation of the filling level of the filling material h f .
  • the electrical distance d e ⁇ _Refe.enz for mechanical reference is determined so that from knowledge of the distances between the radar system and container bottom h M and between the radar system and mechanical reference d r ⁇ rence the filling level of the filling material hf can be determined.
  • An advantageous device is characterized in that a mechanical reference is introduced into the transmit / receive branch of the radar full-level sensor, so that a significant signal component of a wave is reflected thereon. It is advantageous to integrate a dielectric object into the antenna feed of the radar level sensor as a mechanical reference.
  • the object is, for example, a disc or a cylinder and preferably has a bead which is inserted into a groove in the waveguide. It is advantageous here to design the bead in a ring shape.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of an arrangement of a radar level meter suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention, as is known from the prior art, and
  • Figure 2 is a schematic representation of an embodiment of an advantageous device in which the reference target is integrated in the antenna feed.
  • Figure 3 shows a cross section through a mechanical reference in the form of a disc.
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through an antenna arrangement in the antenna feed of which a mechanical reference in the form of a cylinder tapering at its ends is integrated.
  • FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a further advantageous arrangement of a cylindrical reference (as known from FIG. 4) within the antenna arrangement.
  • FMCW frequency-modulating radar system
  • a high-frequency signal generated by the generator (101) is passed via a line (102) to a directional coupler (104). From there it reaches the surface of a filling material (108) via an antenna feed (105) and the antenna (106) as a radar beam (107) through the free space.
  • the antenna feed (105) usually consists of several individual components. To simplify matters, it is shown here as a single component.
  • the radar echo (110) resulting from the reflection of the radar beam on the surface (108) is conducted via the antenna (106), the derivative (105), the directional coupler (104) and the feed line (111) to the mixer (112).
  • a signal (204) is converted in the mixer (112) with a frequency proportional to the running time of the emitted radar wave. This signal (204) is fed to the evaluation electronics (114), in which the distance calculation takes place.
  • the thus determined "electrical" distance is d e ⁇ _ feet iiung.
  • dj_ e ⁇ is a constant
  • the assumption that dj_ e ⁇ is a constant is only approximate.
  • deviations due to temperature influences are particularly evident also due to aging of components.
  • a radar target is therefore to be attached to a defined distance from the radar system and the echo reflected by this target is to be evaluated.
  • Exemplary devices suitable for carrying out the method according to the invention are described in the published documents DE 4327333 A1 and WO 9512113.
  • the devices described therein describe the attachment of a microwave-permeable cutting disc (e.g. a dielectric plate of suitable thickness) between the antenna of the radar system and a liquid level.
  • a microwave-permeable cutting disc e.g. a dielectric plate of suitable thickness
  • Such a cutting disc is always necessary anyway if the liquid in a container has a damaging effect on the antenna due to its vapor, in particular due to corrosion.
  • the cutting disc thus separates the volume of the container in which the liquid is located from the volume receiving the antenna. If the microwave signal emitted by the antenna hits the cutting disc, part of the energy of the microwave signal is reflected back from the upper surface of the cutting disc to the radar system.
  • Reflections on the underside of the cutting disc which return to the radar system, superimpose the mentioned signal in such a way that the amplitude of the sum signal depends on the thickness and the dielectric constant of the cutting disc.
  • the reflected signal can be optimized by suitable selection of these values.
  • the method according to the invention now makes use of the signal reflected on the cutting disc in such a way that it feeds this reference echo via an antenna, the antenna feed, the directional coupler and the connection to the mixer and compares it there with the reference frequency.
  • the signal generated in this way is processed in the evaluation electronics in the same way as the radar echo.
  • This calculation rule is independent of di_ e ⁇ and is used in the solution according to the invention instead of equation 2 for calculating the fill level.
  • temperature changes and aging influences on the way via dj_ e ⁇ no longer influence the measurement result.
  • a cutting disc as a mechanical reference, it is nevertheless also possible to insert another object that reflects electromagnetic waves, for example a grating or a dielectric or metallic reflector, into the beam path between the antenna of the radar level meter and the surface of the filling material (108).
  • another object that reflects electromagnetic waves for example a grating or a dielectric or metallic reflector
  • a device containing a reference target in such a way that this reference target is integrated into the antenna feed near the antenna.
  • a device as also shown in detail by way of example in FIG. 3, can be produced in a mechanically simpler and more robust manner than that known from the prior art.
  • the use of such a device for carrying out the method according to the invention is particularly advantageous because thermal and aging-related changes in the dimensions of the dimensions of the antenna (106) of the radar system are negligible with suitable dimensions.
  • Figure 2 shows schematically an embodiment of such a simple and robust variant of the device according to the invention.
  • the reference target (301) is integrated into the antenna feed near the antenna. Components that have remained the same as in FIG. 1 are provided with the same reference symbols.
  • equation 3 the following applies: dj_ e
  • d ⁇
  • Figures 3 to 5 show possible advantageous installation positions and configurations of reference targets (301a) and (301b) as they can be integrated into the antenna feed.
  • FIG. 3 shows an advantageous embodiment of a reference target (301 b) suitable for an advantageous device, which has a ring-shaped retaining bead (310).
  • the bead (310) serves as a mechanical holder and seal against the penetration of condensing vapors (here: by clamping between two components connected by means of a screw connection). The reflection takes place on the disk itself, the ratio of the thickness to the wavelength being important for the amplitude of the reflected signal.
  • the bead (310) must be dimensioned in a suitable manner.
  • the disc is provided with a concave trough (320), which points towards the antenna opening during installation and serves to drain condensate into the less critical edge areas of the antenna.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 show further advantageous possible embodiments of an advantageous device.
  • This is the configuration of the reference target (301 a) in the form of a dielectric cylinder which tapers at its ends and has an annular retaining bead (310).
  • the holding bead (310) also serves mechanical and electrical purposes here.
  • the reference target (301 a) has peaks. On the one hand for the sliding adaptation of the wave resistance to the antenna feed and the free space and on the other hand as a drain of condensate forming on the antenna into the tank.
  • the disk-shaped reference target (301 b) can of course also be used Figure 3 can be installed. In an advantageous manner, however, it is also conceivable to introduce a reference target (301) in each of the two installation positions.
  • the design of the reference targets (301) is of course in no way restricted to the embodiments (301 a) or (301 b) shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the method according to the invention can be profitably expanded by using a plurality of reference targets (301) introduced into the transmit / receive branch. This not only allows an offset that may be present in the distance measurement to be corrected, but also by evaluating at least two transit times multiplicative error term (gain error) are eliminated. This is possible because the system knows the correct runtime difference with which an actual runtime difference can be compared.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'évaluation d'une partie de signal, réfléchie par une référence mécanique, d'une onde émise par un mesureur de niveau à radar permet d'améliorer la stabilité à la température et la résistance au vieillissement dudit mesureur du fait que la partie de signal réfléchie est évaluée par le dispositif électronique d'évaluation de la même manière que l'écho radar. Outre l'éloignement électrique d¿el_Füllung? par rapport à la surface du milieu contenu, l'éloignement électrique d¿el_Referenz? par rapport à la référence mécanique est également déterminé, si bien qu'à partir de la connaissance des distances entre le système radar et le fond de la cuve hM, ainsi qu'entre le système radar et la référence mécanique d¿Referenz?, il est possible de déterminer le niveau de remplissage du milieu contenu hf. A cet effet, une référence mécanique est installée dans le circuit d'émission-réception du mesureur de niveau à radar si bien qu'une partie significative de signal d'une onde est réfléchie par ladite référence. Cette référence mécanique est de préférence un objet diélectrique intégré dans la ligne d'alimentation d'antenne du mesureur de niveau.
PCT/DE2001/002133 2000-06-10 2001-06-07 Procede et dispositif d'amelioration de la stabilite a la temperature et de la resistance au vieillissement de mesureurs de niveau a radar a l'aide d'une reference mecanique WO2001096900A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2001268946A AU2001268946A1 (en) 2000-06-10 2001-06-07 Method and device for improving the temperature stability and resistance to ageing of radar level meters using mechanical reference

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2000128864 DE10028864A1 (de) 2000-06-10 2000-06-10 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung der Temperaturstabilität und Alterungsbeständigkeit von Radar-Füllstandsmessern einer mechanischen Referenz
DE10028864.2 2000-06-10

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WO2001096900A1 true WO2001096900A1 (fr) 2001-12-20

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AU (1) AU2001268946A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10028864A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2001096900A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003056357A3 (fr) * 2001-12-22 2003-09-18 Conti Temic Microelectronic Procede de mesure de distance

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US7173436B2 (en) * 2004-11-24 2007-02-06 Saab Rosemount Tank Radar Ag Antenna device for level gauging
NL1031209C2 (nl) * 2006-02-22 2007-08-24 Enraf Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het nauwkeurig vaststellen van het niveau L van een vloeistof met behulp van naar het vloeistofniveau uitgestraalde radarsignalen en door het vloeistofniveau gereflecteerde radarsignalen.
DE102006045711A1 (de) * 2006-09-27 2008-04-03 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Unterscheidung unterschiedlicher Füllmaterialien mittels Mikrowellenmessung
EP2023097B1 (fr) * 2007-07-31 2015-03-04 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Jauge radar de niveau
CN113167857B (zh) * 2018-12-10 2023-03-24 Abb瑞士股份有限公司 雷达传感器以及使用雷达传感器的机器人
DE102019002278B4 (de) 2019-03-29 2023-01-19 OndoSense GmbH Radareinheit zur Vermessung eines Abstands zu einer reflektierenden Oberfläche

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2812871A1 (de) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Verfahren und vorrichtung zum messen des schlackenschaeumens in einem konverter waehrend des verblasens unter verwendung eines mikrowellenpegelmessers
DE3830992A1 (de) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-22 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Radarhoehenmesser
EP0534654A2 (fr) * 1991-09-26 1993-03-31 Solartron Group Limited Mesure du niveau de l'eau par ondes à haute fréquence
DE4241910A1 (de) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-16 Endress Hauser Gmbh Co Mit Mikrowellen arbeitendes Füllstandsmeßgerät
DE4327333A1 (de) * 1993-08-15 1995-02-16 Krohne Messtechnik Kg Verfahren zur Messung des Füllstandes einer Flüssigkeit in einem Behälter nach dem Radarprinzip
US5406842A (en) * 1993-10-07 1995-04-18 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for material level measurement using stepped frequency microwave signals
WO1995012113A1 (fr) * 1993-10-26 1995-05-04 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le niveau de remplissage de contenants
DE4419462A1 (de) * 1994-06-05 1995-12-07 Krohne Messtechnik Kg Berührungsloser Füllstandsmesser
DE19632889A1 (de) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Radarsystem mit einem frequenzmodulierten Sendesignal
US5847567A (en) * 1994-09-30 1998-12-08 Rosemount Inc. Microwave level gauge with remote transducer
EP0887658A1 (fr) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft Jauge radar de niveau

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2812871A1 (de) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-05 Sumitomo Metal Ind Verfahren und vorrichtung zum messen des schlackenschaeumens in einem konverter waehrend des verblasens unter verwendung eines mikrowellenpegelmessers
DE3830992A1 (de) * 1988-09-12 1990-03-22 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Radarhoehenmesser
EP0534654A2 (fr) * 1991-09-26 1993-03-31 Solartron Group Limited Mesure du niveau de l'eau par ondes à haute fréquence
DE4241910A1 (de) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-16 Endress Hauser Gmbh Co Mit Mikrowellen arbeitendes Füllstandsmeßgerät
DE4327333A1 (de) * 1993-08-15 1995-02-16 Krohne Messtechnik Kg Verfahren zur Messung des Füllstandes einer Flüssigkeit in einem Behälter nach dem Radarprinzip
US5406842A (en) * 1993-10-07 1995-04-18 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for material level measurement using stepped frequency microwave signals
WO1995012113A1 (fr) * 1993-10-26 1995-05-04 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Dispositif permettant de mesurer le niveau de remplissage de contenants
DE4419462A1 (de) * 1994-06-05 1995-12-07 Krohne Messtechnik Kg Berührungsloser Füllstandsmesser
US5847567A (en) * 1994-09-30 1998-12-08 Rosemount Inc. Microwave level gauge with remote transducer
DE19632889A1 (de) * 1996-08-16 1998-02-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Radarsystem mit einem frequenzmodulierten Sendesignal
EP0887658A1 (fr) * 1997-06-27 1998-12-30 Daimler-Benz Aerospace Aktiengesellschaft Jauge radar de niveau

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2003056357A3 (fr) * 2001-12-22 2003-09-18 Conti Temic Microelectronic Procede de mesure de distance

Also Published As

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AU2001268946A1 (en) 2001-12-24
DE10028864A1 (de) 2001-12-20

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