WO2001096502A1

WO2001096502A1 - Fuel modifier

Info

Publication number: WO2001096502A1
Application number: PCT/JP2001/004474
Authority: WO
Inventors: Shinji Makino
Original assignee: I.B.E. Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2000-06-14
Filing date: 2001-05-28
Publication date: 2001-12-20
Also published as: KR20030007869A; AU2001260635A1; JP2001354979A; US20030163950A1; CN1436227A; EP1310545A4; HUP0301566A2; EP1310545A1

Abstract

A fuel modifier which improves the burning efficiency of fuels and reduces the content of harmful ingredients in the combustion gases. An iron salt is added as the fuel modifier to fuels such as gasoline, kerosine, light oil, and heavy oil.

Description

Specification

Fuel reformer technical field

The present invention relates to a fuel modifier. Problems to be solved by the invention

An object of the present invention is to improve the combustion efficiency of fuel and to reduce the generation of CO and NOx. Disclosure of the invention

• The present invention provides a fuel reforming agent comprising an iron salt as a means for solving the above conventional problems.

The fuel modifier of the present invention is usually provided by adding a solution obtained by dissolving the iron salt in alcohol to mineral oil and mixing.

The iron salt is a ferrous iron salt and / or a ferrous salt and / or a ferrous salt. Detailed description of the invention

The present invention will be described in detail below.

The fuel modifier of the present invention comprises a ferrous salt and / or Z or a ferrous salt and / or a ferrous salt.

(C ferrous salt-trivalent iron salt)

The ferrous salt and / or ferric salt used as the fuel modifier of the present invention includes mineral salts such as hydrochloride, sulfate, nitrate, and phosphate of ferrous or ferric iron. And organic salts such as acetate, formate, oxalate and citrate of ferric or ferric iron. The above-mentioned ferric salt or ferric iron may be used as a mixture of two or more kinds. ' (t-valent ferric salt)

The iron (III) salt of the present invention has an intermediate property between iron (II) and iron (III), inorganic salts such as iron hydrochloride, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, formate, acetate, and propionate. And ferrous salts into a large amount of an aqueous solution of strong hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide, hydroxide hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, etc. It is obtained as a transition form when conversion is caused or when valent conversion to trivalent iron is caused by introducing salts of ferrous iron into a large amount of an aqueous solution of a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. The following is a specific example of a method for producing a ferrous (III) salt.

In order to produce the above-mentioned divalent and trivalent iron salts, the following two methods are usually applied.

1. From ferrous salt

1. stand overnight After stirring dissolved Shioi匕第ferric the _{_{(Fe Cl 3 · 6 Η 2}} 0) was placed in 0. 5 N hydroxide of Natoriumu aqueous 10 OML of Omg. The resulting insoluble substance is filtered off, the filtrate is neutralized with hydrochloric acid, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried and crystallized in a desiccator. Thus, a chloride of divalent iron (III) supported on sodium chloride (hereinafter referred to as Shiridani iron (Π, III)) is obtained. To separate iron chloride (II, III) from the supported material Add 50 ml of an 80% aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol to collect the eluted components, concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and dry. By repeating the above extraction-concentration-drying operation several times, 0.25 mg of iron chloride (11, III) can be obtained.

2.From ferrous salt

1. stand overnight After stirring dissolved were charged 0.5 in 5 N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution of ferrous _{_{(Fe S0 4 '7 H 2}} 0) to 1 00m] sulfuric acid Omg. The resulting insoluble material is filtered off, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure and dried in a desiccator. To the resulting dry powder, add 1 Oml of an 80% aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol, collect the eluted components, concentrate under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and dry. By repeating the above extraction, concentration and drying operations several times, 0.6 mg of iron chloride (11, III) can be obtained.

The iron (III) salt of the present invention is sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, ammonium chloride. Inorganic compounds such as rubber, ammonium sulfate, zinc chloride, zinc sulfate, zinc oxide, zinc hydroxide, zinc acetate, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, silica, alumina, etc., organic compounds such as vitamins, hormones, proteins, lipids, etc. The effect of the ferrous iron salt does not change even in such a case.

(Preparation of fuel reforming agent)

In order to prepare the fuel modifier of the present invention, a ferrous salt and / or a trivalent ferric salt and / or a trivalent iron salt are added to ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, normal butyl alcohol, and isobutyl alcohol. Dissolved in an alcohol such as alcohol, or a mixed solvent of the above-mentioned alcohol and water, and a solvent that is miscible with the fuel, preferably gasoline, kerosene, I: oil, petroleum such as kerosene Add to the system solvent and mix.

The thus prepared fuel modifier of the present invention usually contains about 1 to 5 ppm of a ferrous salt and / or a ferrous salt and / or a ferrous salt.

C fuel reforming:]

The fuel modifier of the present invention is usually added in an amount of about 0.1 to 1.0 Oml per 1,000 ml of fuel such as gasoline, kerosene, light oil, and heavy oil. The fuel reformed by the fuel reformer improves combustion efficiency and suppresses the generation of harmful components such as CO and NOX ^). The invention's effect

The fuel reformed by the fuel reforming agent of the present invention has improved combustion efficiency. For example, when used as fuel for automobiles and the like, the fuel efficiency is remarkably improved, and C0, N〇X and the like in exhaust gas are improved. The content of harmful components is also significantly reduced. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[Example 1] (Production of divalent and trivalent iron salt)

lg of ferrous sulfate _{_{(Fe S0 4 · 6H 2 0}} ) were placed in a 1 2 N aqueous hydrochloric acid 5 ml, after stirring, the insoluble component is filtered through filter paper (No. 5 C). Of the solution part A part is sampled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried overnight. Eluted components are collected by adding 1 Oml of an 80% aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol to the obtained dry powder, concentrated under reduced pressure to remove the solvent, and dried. Crystals are obtained by repeating the above extraction, concentration and drying operations several times.

A 5% aqueous solution of the crystals was prepared, and 0.01 ml of the solution was spotted at a position 3 cm inside from the lower end of a filter paper for paper chromatography No. 51 A (2 cm × 40 cm) with normal butyl alcohol. : Acetic acid: water = 5: 1: 4 The mixture is developed upward at 20ΐ for 15 hours using a mixture as a developing solvent. After the development, the filter paper was dried and sprayed onto the filter paper using a 1% aqueous solution of ferricyanation force as a coloring reagent. As a result, it was confirmed that the development position of the crystals was R f = 0.07 in one spot. Was.

Next, a similar paper chromatographic test was performed on a 1: 1 equivalent mixture of FeCl ₂ and FeCl ₃ , and the result of the development was two spots. Rf = 0.095 (FeCl ₂ ) and Rf = It was confirmed to be 0.36 (FeCl ₃ ). The above vapor chromatographic test confirmed that the crystals were not a mixture but a single compound.

Then, dissolve 0.1 g of the crystals in distilled water to make 100 ml to prepare a test solution. Transfer 2.5 ml of the mixture into a 5 Oml volumetric flask, add 2.5 ml of a 0.1% aqueous solution of orthophenanthroline, and 2.5 ml of sodium acetate / monoacetate buffer (pH 4.5), and fill with distilled water up to the marked line. . After standing at room temperature for 30 minutes, measure the absorbance at 51 Onm. Was a 0. 0 1 9g / 1 0 Oml seek divalent iron soluble test solution from a standard curve obtained in the same manner for Fe C 1 ₂ solution.

Next, when the test solution is added to the volumetric flask in the above operation, 1.0 ml of a 10% by weight aqueous solution of hydroxylamine hydrochloride is added in advance to reduce trivalent iron to divalent iron. The amount of ferrous iron obtained in this case was 0.038 g / 10 Oml. Therefore, the amount of trivalent iron is 0.038 g 10 0 ml—0.019 g / 100 m] = 0.019 g / 100 ml, and ferrous iron and ferrous iron are contained in the crystal. It was found that they were contained in equal amounts. The crystal Fe _₂ Cl ₅ · H ₂ 0 By the above test Is estimated.

[Example 2] (Production of ferrous (III) salt)

1 g of ferric chloride is placed in 5 ml of a 1 ON aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, stirred, neutralized with a 10 N hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, and then the insoluble component is filtered through a filter thread (No. 5 C). A part of the solution is sampled, concentrated under reduced pressure, and dried overnight. To the obtained dry powder, add 1 Oml of 80% by weight of isopropyl alcohol 7_ solution to collect the eluted components, concentrate under reduced pressure, remove the solvent, and dry. Crystals were obtained by repeating the above extraction-concentration-drying operations several times.

The same test as in Example 1 was performed on the above crystal, and it was estimated that the crystal was Fe ₂ Cl ₅ .xH 20.

(Example 3)

2 g of the trivalent iron (III) salt prepared in Example 1 was dissolved in 100 ml of a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol: water 80:20 by weight, and the solution was added to kerosene and mixed to obtain 2 ppm of divalent iron (III). A fuel modifier No. 1 containing trivalent iron chloride was prepared.

(Example 4)

2 g of the trivalent iron (III) salt prepared in Example 2 was dissolved in 10 Oml of a mixed solution of isopropyl alcohol: water 80:20 by mass, and the solution was further mixed with kerosene to give 2 ppm. A fuel reformer No. 2 containing the following ferric chloride was prepared.

(Example 5)

5 g of anhydrous ferric chloride (FeCl ₃ ) in isopropyl alcohol: water 75:

Dissolved in 100 ml of a mixed solvent of 25 mass ratio, added the solution to kerosene and mixed.

Fuel Modifier No. 3 containing 3 ppm of ferric chloride was prepared.

(Example 6)

5 g of anhydrous ferrous chloride (Fe C) was dissolved in 100 ml of a mixed solvent of isopropyl alcohol: water 75:25 by mass, and the solution was added to kerosene and mixed to obtain 3 ppm of ferric chloride. No. 4 was prepared.

[Performance test]

No.2, No.3, No.4 of fuel reformer for 100 Oml of gasoline Was added at a rate of 0.5 ml each, and a test was conducted with a Fordexplorer using the gasoline, and the results of actual vehicle tests are shown in Table 1. table 1

According to Table 1, the fuel efficiency is 15 with the addition of the fuel modifier of the present invention. / ₀ or more is recognized to improve.

Table 2 shows the results of component analysis in exhaust gas in the above-mentioned actual vehicle test. Table 2

(Value is gZml) According to Table 2 the added Ca卩fuel modifier of the present invention, HC and N-CH ₄ is decreased to 50% or less, decrease in CO and CH ₄ substantially 60%, NOX is reduced to less than 60% and, C0 ₂ is also observed to be reduced slightly. Comparing the fuel modifiers No. 1 to No. 4, it can be seen that ferrous (III) salt has the highest reforming effect, followed by iron on the face side and then ferrous salt.

Claims

The scope of the claims

1. A fuel modifier characterized by comprising an iron salt

2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt is a ferrous salt.

3. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt is a ferrous salt.

4. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the iron salt is a trivalent iron salt.

5. The fuel modifier according to claim 1, wherein an alcohol solution of an iron salt is added to and mixed with a solvent having miscibility with the fuel.

6. The fuel reformer according to claim 5, wherein the iron salt is a ferrous (III) salt.

7. The fuel reformer according to claim 5, wherein the iron salt is a ferrous salt.

8. The fuel reformer according to claim 5, wherein the iron salt is a trivalent iron salt.

9. The fuel modifier according to claim 5, wherein the solvent is a petroleum-based solvent.

Claims for amendment harm

[October 11, 2001 (11.01.01) Accepted by the International Bureau: Claim 5 at the time of filing was amended; Claims 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 at the time of filing Is

Was withdrawn. (1 page)]

1-(after amendment)

2. (Delete)

3. (Delete)

4. (Delete)

5. (After amendment) The fuel reforming agent 0 according to claim 1 was added and mixed with an alcohol solution of divalent and trivalent iron salt in a solvent having compatibility with fuels.

7. (Delete)

8. (Delete)

9. The fuel upgrading agent according to claim 5, wherein the solvent is a petroleum-based solvent.

-8-Amended paper (Article 19: Convention) Instructions under Article 9 (i) of the Convention With regard to claims 1 and 5, 'iron salts are limited to divalent triiron salts.

References 1 to 24 disclose fuel reforms consisting of iron salts, but do not disclose divalent iron salts. '

As is evident from the description on page 6, Table 1 and Table 2, and on page 7, line 35, the ferrous trivalent iron salt has a fuel reforming effect that is clearly superior to other iron salts. doing.